| Risk Propensity, Risk Perception, and Sensation Seeking in US Army Soldiers: A Preliminary Study of a Risk Assessment Task Battery |
Oct-2010 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Amanda M Kelley; William D Killgore; Jeremy R Athy; Michael Dretsch; ARMY AEROMEDICAL RESEARCH LAB FORT RUCKER AL
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 | Preliminary evidence shows that Soldiers' propensity to engage in risky behaviors is significantly correlated with the severity of combat experiences during a recent deployment. This relationship was weak & assessed in Soldiers post-deployment. A battery of tasks measuring risk propensity, risk perception, risk aversion, & sensation seeking was assembled to be used in study tracking individual change in risk taking behaviors. The objective of this preliminary study was to evaluate ... |
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| Asthma Education and Intervention Program: Partnership for Asthma Trigger-Free Homes (PATH) |
Aug-2009 |
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| Authors:
Cheryl Golden; LEMOYNE-OWEN COLL MEMPHIS TN
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 | The Partnership for Asthma Trigger-free Homes (PATH) study's main goal is reducing the asthma disease burden on low-income housing residents by means of a peer-based education program. Although asthma is a complicated multi-factorial disease with both genetic and environmental components, reducing levels of certain indoor asthma triggers can reduce the disease's symptoms and severity. Indoor asthma triggers include allergens from dust mites, cockroaches, cats, dogs, and rodents; environmental tobacco smoke ... |
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| Collective Inference with Learned and Engineered Knowledge |
17-Jul-2009 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
David Jensen; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV AMHERST DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
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| A persistent goal of research in artificial intelligence has been to enable learning and reasoning with probabilistic models in complex domains. Much of this work has been directed toward systems that complement, rather than replace, human abilities and knowledge. Models that fuse engineering knowledge (knowledge from human sources) with learned information (information gained algorithmically) can take advantage of the strengths of both approaches, yielding more accurate predictions. A particularly fruitful ... |
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| The Deployment of Visual Attention |
15-Jun-2009 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Jeremy M Wolfe; BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL BOSTON MA
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| AIM 1: Transcending the serial/parallel dichotomy in visual search: Guided Search, our model of human visual search behavior, has proposed that preattentive visual processes guide the deployment of attention from item to item in a serial, item-by-item fashion. Other have proposed parallel models of search. Our new model, Guided Search 4.0 and our data attempt to reconcile these views. It is a hybrid model in which a serial bottleneck governs ... |
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| North Korea: Economic Leverage and Policy Analysis |
04-Jun-2009 |
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| Authors:
Emma Chanlett-Avery; Dick K Nanto; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| In 2009, the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (DPRK or North Korea) embarked on a course that includes a series of extremely provocative military actions, a shift in power toward the military, emphasis on ideological purity, rising criticism of the United States, and going forward with its nuclear and missile program in spite of sanctions and objections from much of the rest of the world. Two factors that seem to ... |
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| Fin Whales in the Mediterranean Sea: Habitat Identification and Oceanographic Characterization |
Jun-2009 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Bruce R Mate; OREGON STATE UNIV CORVALLIS
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| This project identified the seasonal distribution and movements of fin whales in the Mediterranean Sea with satellite-monitored radio tags in relation to environmental parameters: sea surface temperature, chlorophyll concentration, current movement, primary production and prey abundance in collaboration with the laboratory of Dr. Christophe Guinet. By comparing these movements with the environmental parameters, a better understanding of fin whale ecology will be possible. The telemetry information will enable collaborators to ... |
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| Aligned Incentives: Could the Army's Award System Inadvertently be Hindering Counterinsurgency Operations |
Jun-2009 |
161 pages |
| Authors:
Brent A Clemmer; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEFENSE ANALYSIS DEPT
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| The United States Army has struggled to institutionalize counterinsurgency operations in the Global War on Terror. The Army's reward system, which drives individual motivation and reflects corporate values, plays a much overlooked role in this struggle. Within the Army, indeed within most organizations, pay, promotion, and awards form the tripod of extrinsic motivation, and represent tools the organization can use to reward specific behavior. Today and for the foreseeable future, ... |
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| Interfacing Network Simulations and Empirical Data |
May-2009 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Ian McCulloh; Joshua Lospinoso; Anthony Johnson; MILITARY ACADEMY WEST POINT NY DEPT OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
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| This project tests Social Network Models for longitudinal data against empirical data using an original statistical test to determine the effectiveness of various models at reproducing networks. The Link Probability Model (LPM) is introduced as a viable model for the reproduction of social networks in dynamic equilibrium. We survey social network simulation packages and find that Construct uses a continually updated LPM as its stochastic engine, further establishing the LPM's ... |
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| Pharmacological Studies of NOP Receptor Agonists as Novel Analgesics |
May-2009 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Mei-Chuan Ko; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR
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| The studies proposed in this project will test the hypotheses that in the non-human primate (1) the functions and behavioral effects of the NOP receptor are independent of classical opioid receptors, (2) activation of the NOP receptor produces strong antinociception without abuse liability, and (3) NOP receptor agonists possess a promising therapeutic profile as analgesics compared to mu opioids following repeated administration in primates. Several key findings have been obtained ... |
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| Pharmacological and Behavioral Enhancement of Neuroplasticity in the MPTP-Lesioned Mouse and Nonhuman Primate |
May-2009 |
180 pages |
| Authors:
Giselle Petzinger; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
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| The purpose of this proposal is to investigate the mechanisms involving pharmacological and behavioral enhanced neuroplasticity of the injured basal ganglia. Our central hypothesis is that exercise and pharmacological intervention, specifically the administration of a D2 dopamine-receptor agonist, enhances neuroplasticity by modulating glutamatedopamine interactions. This proposal has two components. Using the MPTP C57BL/6 mouse Component One will test the hypothesis that exercise enhances plasticity of the MPTP-injured basal ganglia through ... |
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| A Blast Model of Traumatic Brain Injury in Swine |
May-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Samuel S Panter; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INST FOR RESEARCH AND EDUCATION SAN FRANCISCO
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| Although blast-induced traumatic brain injury (BI-TBI) is a significant cause of morbidity and behavioral dysfunction in warfighters returning from Iraq, laboratory models are not currently available to study the mechanisms underlying this critical injury and develop new therapies to treat survivors. Many TBI models are performed in rodents, and data from these models have been used as a basis for several disappointing Phase III clinical trials in humans with TBI. ... |
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| Investigation into the Reliefs of Generals Orlando Ward and Terry Allen |
May-2009 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Johnson; Richard H Jr; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITARY STUDIES
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| Between April and August 1943, the U.S. Army's II Corps saw two of its division commanders relieved of their commands. Each relief appeared tied to battlefield setbacks. MG Orlando Ward of the 1st Armored Division was relieved after his division failed to seize a narrow mountain pass near the town of Maknassy, in Tunisia. Ward's superiors labeled him too cautious, unwilling, or unable to motivate his soldiers to take their ... |
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| Molecular Connections Between Arousal and Metabolic Disease: Orexin and Modafinil |
Apr-2009 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen C Benoit; CINCINNATI UNIV OH
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| Metabolic diseases are known to be tightly linked to arousal-sleep cycles and impact cognitive function. Importantly, the armed forces represent a population at significant risk for increased stress and disrupted arousal-sleep cycles. Because the incidence of metabolic disease and obesity is increasing, even in these physically fit individuals, understanding the interactions between these systems is highly significant. Further, some anti-fatigue pharmacologies (e.g.,modafinil) are already used in military settings, though their ... |
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| Heuristics, Anecdote and Applying Art: Why War Theorists are Kidding Themselves |
17-Mar-2009 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Kennedy; Fred G III; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
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| Contemporary war theorists face a bedeviling thicket of problems precluding accurate forecasting or estimation. War is a complex, multivariate, and difficult-to-define enterprise; it is a quintessentially human activity, arising from man's emotional and rational makeup, his civilization, his genetic heritage, and his environment. War theorists' personal familiarity with the planning, practice, and consequences of war drive their adoption of a philosophical -- nonscientific -- framework for understanding which ignores underlying ... |
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| Nonlinear Acoustics in Cicada Mating Calls Enhance Sound Propagation |
01-Mar-2009 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Derke R Hughes; Albert H Nuttall; Richard A Katz; G C Carter; NAVAL UNDERSEA WARFARE CENTER DIV NEWPORT RI
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| An analysis of cicada mating calls, measured in field experiments, indicates that the very high levels of acoustic energy radiated by this relatively small insect are mainly attributed to the nonlinear characteristics of the signal. The cicada emits one of the loudest sounds in all of the insect population with a sound production system occupying a physical space typically less than 3 cc. The sounds made by tymbals are amplified ... |
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| The Current State of the United States Army: The Numbers, the Needs, and the Consequences |
20-Feb-2009 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Harris; Willie III; MARINE CORPS COMMAND AND STAFF COLL QUANTICO VA
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| Throughout history, the Army has used a multitude of methods to fill its ranks. These methods have ranged from conscription to an all-volunteer Army. Since the advent of the all-volunteer military in 1973, the way the Army obtains recruits and maintains its numbers has taken on new importance, particularly in today's post 9-11 world. The Army is expected to grow by at least 74,200 Soldiers. To meet this new manpower ... |
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| Risky Alcohol Use, Age at Onset of Drinking, and Adverse Childhood Experiences in Young Men Entering the US Marine Corps |
10-Feb-2009 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Christian J Hansen; Margaret A K Ryan; Sylvia Y N Young; Roger L Gibson; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
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| Problematic drinking behavior is a serious public health problem affecting every community, including the US military. To examine the association between current problematic underage drinking behavior with factors including adverse childhood experiences and drinking onset age. A retrospective cohort study of recruits at onset of Marine Corps training, from June 2002 to April 2005, using questionnaire data collected with the Recruit Assessment Program, which includes demographics, clinical and medical history, ... |
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| Neuroticism Negatively Affects Multitasking Performance through State Anxiety |
Feb-2009 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Hubert T Chen; Elizabeth M Poposki; Frederick L Oswald; NAVY PERSONNEL RESEARCH STUDIES AND TECHNOLOGY MILLINGTON TN
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| Multitasking is on the rise, both at work and at home. As such, researchers have begun to focus attention on understanding and predicting multitasking performance. Though past research has demonstrated that cognitive predictors correlate positively with multitasking performance, there is reason to believe that non-cognitive factors are likely to predict such performance as well. This study tested for relationships between extraversion, neuroticism, Type A Behavior Pattern, polychronicity, and multitasking performance. ... |
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| Control Theoretic Modeling for Uncertain Cultural Attitudes and Unknown Adversarial Intent |
Feb-2009 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Jeff Shamma; Munther Dahleh; Asuman Ozdaglar; CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES DEPT OF MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
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| The focus of the project is to develop control theoretic models with supporting decision making methods to address the problem of strategic decision making for military operations in an environment that is strongly influenced by the presence of interacting subcultures. The specific directions of the project are: (1) Modeling of social behaviors that address incomplete information and indeterminate models for uncertainty management. (2) Robust decision-making based on incentive design, optimization, ... |
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| The Effect of Event Rarity on the Perception of Correlationally Indeterminate Data |
Feb-2009 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Amanda M Kelley; Richard B Anderson; ARMY AEROMEDICAL RESEARCH LAB FORT RUCKER AL
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| Previous research has indicated that events that are rare are more informative than common events. The present study manipulated event rarity through social stereotypes to evaluate event rarity's role in the perception of correlationally indeterminate data. Social stereotypes were used as a means to manipulate expectations about which observations would be considered rare and which common. Participants were presented with a correlationally indeterminate sample and were asked to rate the ... |
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| Culturally Aware Agents for Training Environments (CAATE): Phase I Final Report |
Jan-2009 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Jonathan Pfautz; Scott N Reilly; Clare Bayley; David Koelle; Stephen Marotta; Michael Keeney; Michael J Singer; CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS INC CAMBRIDGE MA
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| Recently, the U.S. Army has conducted a wide range of missions within the context of very different cultures and languages. These missions often require junior leaders and Soldiers to interact and communicate effectively with people whose cultures, languages, lifestyles, and beliefs are very different from those found in the U.S. Computer-based training in virtual environments has the potential to train Soldiers to rehearse missions with a sound knowledge of the ... |
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| Preventing Health Damaging Behaviors in Male and Female Army Recruits |
Jan-2009 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Mary-Ann Shafer; Cherrie B Boyer; CALIFORNIA UNIV SAN FRANCISCO
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| Health damaging behaviors of young military personnel are reflections of health problems facing all young people in the U.S. Military life presents opportunities and challenges that may both protect and place young troops at risk for health damaging behaviors. Challenges for maintaining a healthy armed force include high rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), unintended pregnancies (UIPs), misuse of alcohol/substances, and personal sexual violence defined as violence within one's personal ... |
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| Foundations of Effective Influence Operations: A Framework for Enhancing Army Capabilities |
Jan-2009 |
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| Authors:
Brian Nichiporuk; Amy Richardson; Cathryn Q Thurston; Lowell H Schwartz; Eric V Larson; Richard E Darilek; Daniel Gibran; RAND ARROYO CENTER SANTA MONICA CA
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| A good deal of attention presently is focused on how to improve the nation's capabilities to influence others. These capabilities include public diplomacy, strategic communications, information operations, and other means that can be used to influence attitudes, behaviors, and decisions--i.e., win hearts and minds--without resort to (or excessive reliance on) the use of force. As will be described, we use the term influence operations to describe such efforts, whether the ... |
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| Neurofibromatosis and the Painful Neuroma |
Jan-2009 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Allan J Belzberg; R Meyer; L Chen; B Murrinson; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
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| Pain is a common and distressing symptom that impacts the quality of life of many patients with neurofibromatosis. The pain is often due to the formation of a neuroma. To understand better how neuromas cause pain and what treatments may be provided, we have developed an animal model of a painful neuroma. The tibial neuroma transposition (TNT) model has been confirmed as a model of neuropathic pain. The TNT model ... |
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| China's International Behavior. Activism, Opportunism, and Diversification |
Jan-2009 |
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| Authors:
Evan S Medeiros; RAND PROJECT AIR FORCE ARLINGTON VA
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| China's economic and diplomatic interests now span the globe, having gradually moved beyond the Asia-Pacific region in the last decade. China is active on issues and in regions that were previously only peripheral to Beijing's calculations, notably, Latin America and the Middle East. Its diplomacy is affecting the conduct of international relations at virtually all levels of the global system, and its decisions are influencing international perceptions, relationships, institutions, and ... |
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| The Army's Ethic Suffers Under Its Retired Generals |
Jan-2009 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Don M Snider; ARMY WAR COLL STRATEGIC STUDIES INST CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
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| The recent New York Times article on how Barry McCaffrey handled his conflicting loyalties as a retired Army general, defense industry rain-maker, West Point professor, and respected public voice of CNN and NBC, highlights once again an unsolved and haunting problem for the current strategic leaders of the Army Profession. The problem is how to assist retired general officers in fulfilling their role of moral exemplars of the Profession just ... |
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| Senescence-Induced Alterations in the Laminin Component of Prostate Epithelial Extracellular Matrix Regulate Progression of Prostate Cancer |
Jan-2009 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Cynthia C Sprenger; Stephen Plymate; WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE
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| The purpose of this work was to determine how changes in laminin chains associated with senescence affected prostate cancer progression. In order to determine the effects of alterations to the laminin component of the tumor microenvironment, I overexpressed the laminin alpha 4, beta 2, or alpha 4 and beta 2 chains in a human prostate cancer cell line. I demonstrated that these lines secreted the specific laminin chains and incorporated ... |
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| When Is Deterrence Necessary? Gauging Adversary Intent |
Jan-2009 |
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| Authors:
Schaub; Gary Jr; AIR WAR COLL MAXWELL AFB AL
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| Deterrence has formed the core mission of the U.S. military since the Cold War era; however, a great deal of deterrence theory and planning derived from presumptions about adversary intent which were based on capabilities analysis with no consideration of what might happen if deterrence succeeded and the adversary's intent was frustrated. The DO-JOC rectified a basic problem in previous deterrence thinking by recognizing that an adversary has a choice ... |
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| Studying Network Timing With Precision Packet Delay Measurements |
01-Dec-2008 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Lee Cosart; SYMMETRICOM SAN JOSE CA
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| As the transmission of telecommunications data is increasingly reliant on new generation packet network transport, new methods of time and frequency transfer are required. While some of these methods are at the physical layer, many involve the network and data link layers and are affected by packet network behavior. Thus, it has become important to develop instrumentation and analysis techniques applicable to the study of packet latency and packet delay ... |
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| In-Orbit Performance Assessment of Giove Clocks |
01-Dec-2008 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Pierre Waller; P Tavella; I Sesia; G Tobias; I Hidalgo; R Piriz; S Binda; J Hahn; F Gonzalez; G Cerretto; EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY NOORDWIJK (NETHERLANDS)
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| Two onboard atomic clock technologies have been developed for the Galileo system, one based on vapor cell rubidium technology (RAFS: Rubidium Atomic Frequency Standard) and one based on passive hydrogen maser (PHM) technology. In the years 2004-2005, both technologies have successfully passed a full qualification campaign (including shock, vibration, thermal vacuum, ...) aimed at verifying their performance in a Galileo-like environment. In the year 2005, six RAFS and two PHM ... |
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| Web Services Integration on the Fly |
Dec-2008 |
214 pages |
| Authors:
Hoe W Leong; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| In a net-centric environment, data, tools and people operate in a distributed network. A key research question is whether a software framework can become so usable and intelligent that integration of web services can be done on-the-fly as self-integration. Given data, software agents and supporting software infrastructure, web services integration on the fly means that human coding is not required to integrate web services into a Web Service Architecture. This ... |
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| Effect of Projectile Type, Size and Impact Velocity on Ballistic Impact Failure Behavior of TROGAMID CX-7323 Nylon |
Dec-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Nicholas Tsantinis; John W Song; ARMY NATICK SOLDIER RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER MA
|
| Extensive study on the fracture behavior of TROGAMID CX-7323 (CX-7323) nylon under ballistic impact was performed. Generally, CX-7323 exhibits ductile failure upon impact with a 17-grain fragment simulating projectile(s) (FSP). Penetration is initiated by ductile shearing upon impact. Subsequent tensile stretching allows the penetration event to progress. Material in front of the projectile is pushed out of the way during penetration. Significant elastic recovery of the exit hole is noticed ... |
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| Dynamic Network Change Detection |
Dec-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Ian McCulloh; Kathleen M Carley; MILITARY ACADEMY WEST POINT NY
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| Network data provides valuable insight into understanding complex organizations by modeling relational dependence between network agents. Detecting subtle changes in organizational behavior can alert analysts before the change significantly impacts the larger group. Statistical process control is applied to dynamic network measures of longitudinal data to quickly detect organizational change. The performance of 10 network measures and three algorithms are evaluated on simulated data. One of the algorithms and one ... |
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| Augmented Cognition - Phase 4 Cognitive Assessment and Task Management (CAT-M) |
Dec-2008 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Richard Bingham; Wilhelm E Kineses; DAIMLER-CHRYSLER CORP AUBURN HILLS MI
|
| Cognitive Assessment and Task Management (CAT-M) continued to focus on pushing the cutting edge of cognitive-based systems. The work conducted was a continuation of the Augmented Cognition Phase 4 program that has been successfully executed under the direction of the ONR. Initially, the Augmented Cognition program has focused on cognitive overload situations. Looking towards a complete solution for Augmented Cognition, another situation required the understanding of the concept of task ... |
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| Multi-Sensor Information Integration and Automatic Understanding |
Nov-2008 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew Welborn; Austin Eliazar; SIGNAL INNOVATIONS GROUP INC DURHAM NC
|
| This document is submitted to ONR as a final report for the Year III effort of the ONR C2CS research carried out by the team of Signal Innovations Group (SIG), Lockheed Martin and NAVAIR (henceforth referred to as the research team) to developed technology to process general video data of interest for base and port security. This research effort has also produced a real-time implementation of the tracking and anomalous ... |
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| Lessons of Abu Ghraib: Understanding and Preventing Prisoner Abuse in Military Operations |
Nov-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Paul T Bartone; NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV WASHINGTON DC CENTER FOR TECHNOLOGY AND NATIONAL SECURITY POLICY
|
| The abuse of prisoners by U.S. soldiers at Abu Ghraib had broad struggle consequences, leading many people around the world to question the legitimacy of U.S. goals and activities in Iraq. This paper draws on extensive unclassified reports from multiple investigations that followed Abu Ghraib and applies key psychological as well as social-situational perspectives to develop a better grasp of the causative factors. From a psychological standpoint, most young adults ... |
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| Extension of Viscoplasticity Based on Overstress to Capture the Effects of Prior Aging on the Time Dependent Deformation Behavior of a High-Temperature Polymer: Experiments and Modeling |
Oct-2008 |
217 pages |
| Authors:
Amber J McClung; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
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| The inelastic deformation behavior of PMR-15 neat resin, a high-temperature thermoset polymer, was investigated at 288 degrees C. The experimental program was designed to explore the influence of strain rate on tensile loading, unloading, and strain recovery behaviors. In addition, the effect of the prior strain rate on the relaxation response of the material, as well as on the creep behavior following strain controlled loading were examined. The experimental data ... |
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| Assessment of GPR30, a Seven Transmembrane-Spanning Estrogen Receptor, as an Oncogene |
Oct-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Edward J Filardo; RHODE ISLAND HOSPITAL PROVIDENCE
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| Expression of the seven transmembrane-spanning receptor (7TMR), GPR30, in primary human breast tumors is positively associated with several tumor progression variables including extra mammary metastases (Filardo et al, 2006). Altered expression of 7TMRs is linked with a spectrum of disease phenotypes, including cancer, raising the possibility that GPR30 may function as an oncogene. To test this hypothesis, two lines of transgenic mice (T6-1A and T6-2E) were engineered with stably integrated ... |
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| Optical Behavior of III-TM-N Materials and Devices |
26-Sep-2008 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
J Zavada; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| Room temperature ferromagnetism has been observed in AlMnN grown by gas-source MBE. The lattice constant decreased with increasing Mn cell temperature for single phase material, indicating constant site occupation, probably substitutional. Hysteresis in M vs. H at room temperature was observed in single phase material and the magnetization as a function of temperature suggests ferromagnetism caused by AlMnN, not clusters. AlCrN was also investigated. Strong ferromagnetism persists to 350K (the ... |
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| Mechanical Response of an Al-PTFE Composite to Uniaxial Compression Over a Range of Strain Rates and Temperatures |
01-Sep-2008 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel T Casem; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
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| Compressive stress-strain curves were generated for a pressed and sintered mixture of polytetrafluoroethylene and aluminum powders. Experiments were performed at strain rates ranging from 0.001 to 8000/s using a servo-hydraulic load frame and a split Hopkinson pressure bar. High-rate experiments were also performed over a temperature range of 22-78 C. The data is fit to the Johnson-Cook and Modified Johnson-Cook constitutive equations and also to a Zerilli-Armstrong equation adapted for ... |
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| Automated Behavior Property Verification Tool |
01-Sep-2008 |
157 pages |
| Authors:
John K Leo; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Computer generated forces (CGF) simulations have entities as actors in their simulation. A type of CGF in which the entities have limited autonomy is semi-automated forces (SAF). The SAF system for this thesis research is OneSAF, a near real-time SAF that offers raw data collection of the entities in a particular simulation scenario. The data collection files vary in size from 500 kilobytes to larger than four gigabytes. Entity behavior ... |
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| Framing Cultural Attributes for Human Representation in Military Training and Simulations |
01-Sep-2008 |
83 pages |
| Authors:
Tellis A Fears; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis provides insight to improve training of personnel that will support United States Security, Stability, Transformation and Reconstruction (SSTR) operations in the social and cultural context of the Middle East. SSTR operations require competencies far beyond conventional fighting skills. Necessary skills include rounded knowledge about the history and culture, and language, of the indigenous people in the operational area. Through personal interviews, social science research, and historical literature reviews, ... |
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| Energy Security in South Asia: Can Interdependence Breed Stability? (Strategic Forum. Number 232, September 2008) |
01-Sep-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph McMillan; NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV WASHINGTON DC INST FOR NATIONAL STRATEGIC STUDIES
|
| South Asia is projected to play a major role in global energy markets over the next several decades, with India alone expected to become the world's third largest importer of petroleum by 2030. Satisfying the region's growing demands will require a heightened degree of energy interdependence among historically antagonistic states. Consequently, like it or not, regional leaders will face a tradeoff between traditional desires for energy self-sufficiency and the ambitious ... |
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| Detection of IED Emplacement in Urban Environments |
01-Sep-2008 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew P O'Hara; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This research will be focused on discovering patterns of activity that lead to the emplacement of IEDs by terrorists in urban environments. This research will employ a network in a predictive mode by looking for suspicious activity patterns and raising alerts when a pre-determined level of confidence is achieved in the prediction. The scope of this thesis will be to conduct various experiments using wireless sensor network motes to detect ... |
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| The Fourth Annual Clinical Diabetes Technology Meeting |
SEP 2008 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
David C. Klonoff; DIABETES TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY FOSTER CITY CA
|
| The Fourth Annual Clinical Diabetes Technology Meeting was presented by the Diabetes Technology Society at the Orlando Florida Hyatt Regency Hotel on April 11-12 2008. The first day covered Technologies for Diabetes Monitoring and the second day covered Technologies for Diabetes Therapy. On April 11 2008 which was the Technologies for Diabetes Monitoring day, the first presentation was made by Barry Ginsberg M.D. Ph.D., on the topic "Self-Monitoring of Blood ... |
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| Echolocation-Based Foraging by Harbor Porpoises and Sperm Whales, Including Effects on Noise and Acoustic Propagation |
Sep-2008 |
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| Authors:
Stacy L DeRuiter; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
| This thesis provides quantitative descriptions of toothed whale echolocation and foraging behavior, including assessment of the effects of noise on foraging behavior and the potential influence of ocean acoustic propagation conditions on biosonar detection ranges and whale noise exposure. Chapter 2 details the application of a modified version of the Dtag to study harbor porpoise echolocation. Study results indicate how porpoises vary the rate and level of their echolocation clicks ... |
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| Mean vs. Life-Limiting Fatigue Behavior of a Nickel-Based Superalloy (Postprint) |
Sep-2008 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
S K Jha; J M Larsen; M J Caton; UNIVERSAL TECHNOLOGY CORP DAYTON OH
|
| The mean and the life-limiting behavior under fatigue of the nickel-based superalloy, IN100, separated (or converged) as a function of stress level and dwell loading. This behavior was related to the control of the life-limiting behavior by the small-crack growth regime, producing its much slower response to stress level and dwell-time, relative to the mean-lifetime behavior. The lifetime probability density is therefore, modeled as a superposition of the crack growth ... |
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| The Mean vs Life-Limiting Fatigue Response of a Ni-Base Superalloy, Part 1: Mechanisms (Preprint) |
Sep-2008 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
S K Jha; J M Larsen; M J Caton; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
|
| The fatigue variability behavior of a powder metallurgy (P/M) Nickel-base superalloy, IN100, was studied from the perspective of the prediction of useful-lifetime. We found that stress level produced separate effects on the mean-fatigue behavior and the life-limiting mechanism. In the present IN100 material, this separation of responses is suggested to be related to the different levels of heterogeneity induced by the number density and the size distribution of constituent particles ... |
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| The Mean vs Life-Limiting Fatigue Response of a Ni-Base Superalloy, Part 2: Life Prediction Methodology (Preprint) |
Sep-2008 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
S K Jha; J M Larsen; M J Caton; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
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| In Part 1, we showed that the mean fatigue behavior of IN100 separates from the life-limiting response as stress level is decreased. This separation of lifetimes was suggested to be related to the development of heterogeneity levels of local deformation that produce sequential occurrence of short-lifetime and the mean-lifetime dominating mechanisms. In the current paper, we show that the distribution in the life-limiting mechanism is controlled by small-crack growth from ... |
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| The Impact of Educational Interventions on Real & Stylized Cities |
10-Jul-2008 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Kathleen M Carley; Brian R Hirshman; Michael W Bigrigg; Alaiksandr Birukou; Michael K Martin; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA INST OF SOFTWARE RESEARCH INTERNAT
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| Different cities and different populations react differently to various types of educational interventions due to small differences in population, socio-demographic traits, intervention media type, and a variety of other factors. The social simulation tool Construct was used to evaluate the effectiveness of several educational interventions on one stylized and four real cities to examine the types of behavior that could be observed given these small variations in initial conditions. This ... |
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