| Combat Vehicle Fire Control Systems - Drift |
09-Nov-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
ABERDEEN TEST CENTER MD
|
 | This TOP describes procedures for determining the deviation of the line of sight (LOS) of a sighting system (integrated), or gun/turret drive with respect to initial alignment with a target, without external inputs, as a function of time. Level and canted vehicle orientations are investigated to determine if any interaction exists between azimuth and elevation. The reader is referred to TOP 3-2-836 (0) Combat Vehicle Fire Control Systems - Overview ... |
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| Combat Vehicle Fire Control Systems - Coincidence |
09-Nov-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
ABERDEEN TEST CENTER MD
|
| This document describes the procedures for determining the coincidence window of a tank fire control system. The coincidence window is defined as the limits around exact sight/gun alignment within which the gun is permitted to fire (omitting the offsets imposed by a ballistic solution). Typically, a combat vehicle implements the coincidence windows based on the current alignment (static) and in some cases additionally the future alignment (dynamic) of the sight ... |
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| A Low-Velocity 0.22-Caliber Gun System |
Aug-2009 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Donald Little; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| An efficient method was needed to perform ballistic testing using the 0.22-cal. fragment-simulating projectiles (FSP) at low subsonic velocities in order to evaluate very thin lightweight composite and metallic materials at around 1 lb/ft2 areal density. This technical note outlines the custom gun system developed to enable this ballistic testing. |
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| Fire Resistant Fuel |
31-Jul-2009 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Joel Schmitigal; Steven D Marty; SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INST SAN ANTONIO TX TARDEC FUELS AND LUBRICANTS RESEARCH FACILITY
|
| During an Army research program in the mid-1980s, fireresistant diesel fuel that self extinguished when ignited by an explosive projectile was developed. Chemically, this fire resistant fuel (FRF) was a stable mixture of diesel fuel, 10 percent water, and an emulsifier. The Army FRF program ended in 1987 without fielding this fire resistant fuel formulation. There were both technical and logistical reasons for this. Unconventional warfare experienced in Iraq and ... |
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| Evaluation of Commercial-off-the-Shelf Lithium Batteries for Use in Ballistic Telemetry Systems |
Jun-2009 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Edward F Bukowski; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| As technological advances continue to be made in the commercial sectors of portable and wireless communication products, additional advancements in battery technology have also been made. These advancements have allowed for the rapid growth of a large variety of commercially available batteries which have the capability to meet or even exceed the current power and size requirements for numerous ballistic telemetry systems. The replacement of a custom built battery with ... |
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| Modeling of Defects in Transparent Ceramics for Improving Military Armor |
Jun-2009 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
C G Fountzoulas; J M Sands; G A Gilde; P J Patel; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| The dominant materials solution used for ballistic transparency protection of armored tactical platforms in commercial and military applications is low cost glass backed by polycarbonate. Due to the high cost of testing transparent ceramics, a modelling approach has been undertaken in parallel with ballistic testing to validate armor designs based on a transparent magnesium aluminate spinel, MgAl2O4, striking-ply backed by polycarbonate. Finite element modelling is used to predict unsuccessful designs ... |
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| A Computational Study of the Energy Dissipation Through an Acrylic Target Impacted by Various Size FSP |
Jun-2009 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
C G Fountzoulas; J M Sands; P G Dehmer; J H Yu; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| Recent advances in the numerical techniques, higher computing power and materials model have allowed the accurate simulation of the ballistic impact into monolithic and multi-layer transparent armor configurations. In the current effort, the velocity profile during the ballistic impact of 0.22-cal and 0.15-cal fragment simulating projectiles (FSP) into a polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) target, which was a Plexiglas G manufactured by Atofina Chemicals was simulated using the ANSYS/AUTODYN commercial software. Our successful ... |
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| Assistance to North Korea |
20-May-2009 |
|
| Authors:
Mary B Nikitin; Mark E Manyin; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
 | Since 1995, the United States has provided North Korea with over $1.2 billion in assistance, about 60% of which has paid for food aid and about 40% for energy assistance. U.S. aid fell significantly in the mid-2000s, bottoming out at zero in 2006. The Bush Administration resumed energy aid in the fall of 2007, after progress was made in the Six-Party Talks over North Koreas nuclear program. The Six-Party Talks ... |
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| Ultralight Metallic Panels with Textile Cores Designed for Blast Mitigation and Load Retention/Topologically Structured Materials: Blast and Multifunctional Implementations |
May-2009 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Haydn N Wadley; Kumar P Dharmasena; VIRGINIA UNIV CHARLOTTESVILLE DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| Interest in periodic cellular metals has been driven by the structural and thermal management application potential of cellular metal sandwich structures. The research conducted in this program has led to the development of lattice structures which can be configured in the form of various core topologies of sandwich panels with high specific stiffness and strengths amenable for use in multifunctional applications (e.g. thermal dissipation, ballistic resistance). The applications of these ... |
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| An Extensive X-ray Computed Tomography Evaluation of a Fully Penetrated Encapsulated SiC MMC Ballistic Panel |
Apr-2009 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
William H Green; Robert H Carter; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| X-ray computed tomography (XCT) is an important nondestructive evaluation technique for revealing the spatial distribution of ballistically induced damage in ceramics. The level of detection and resolution of damage depends on the size of the sample and the parameters of the XCT approach (e.g., focal spot size, magnification, etc.). Previous and ongoing work in this area includes assessment of ballistically induced damage in both individual ceramic targets and ceramic armor ... |
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| Terahertz Diode Development |
23-Mar-2009 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Lester F Eastman; Quentin Diduck; Barbaros Aslan; CORNELL UNIV ITHACA NY OFFICE OF SPONSORED PROGRAMS
|
| The research efforts to develop a high-efficiency, moderate power THz device are discussed. The device structure is based upon the crystalline properties of GaN and its ability to handle large power and high fields. Physical device models were developed that include thermal and electrical simulations. Several device structures were produced in conjunction with the model development Initial negative differential conduction results from fabricated devices are presented as are the designs ... |
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| Molecular Design of Novel Poly(urethane-urea) Hybrids as Helmet Pads for Ballistic and Blast Trauma Mitigation |
Mar-2009 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Alex J Hsieh; Joshua A Orlicki; Rick L Beyer; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Polyurethane (PU) and poly(urethane urea) (PUU) based foams are currently being used as helmet pad materials. The U.S. Army still has a critical need for more efficient foam pad materials and designs that will provide warfighters with improved survivability against blast-induced traumatic brain injuries. Recent work has shown that tailoring the microphase-separated morphology is critical in controlling the high strain-rate mechanical deformation of bulk PU and PUU elastomers. In this ... |
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| Stochastic Analysis and Control of Transonic Helicopter Aerodynamics and Supersonic Projectiles |
02-Feb-2009 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Sivaguru S Sritharan; WYOMING UNIV LARAMIE
|
| The main goal of this project is to develop a systematic mathematical theory for the robust real time feedback control and stochastic analysis of unsteady transonic aerodynamics of helicopter rotor blades, supersonic ballistic projectiles and propagation of blast waves in the presence of adverse external disturbances. The proposed work builds upon similar scientific advances by the principal investigator in the context of incompressible fluid dynamics, magneto-hydrodynamics and combustion models during ... |
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| Transient Stress Wave Propagation in One-Dimensional Micropolar Bodies |
Feb-2009 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
C L Randow; G A Gazonas; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Certain types of structures and materials, such as engineered multi-scale systems and comminuted zones in failed ceramics, may be modeled using continuum theories incorporating additional kinematic degrees of freedom beyond the scope of classical continuum theories. If such material systems are to be subjected to high strain rate loads, such as those resulting from ballistic impact or blast, it will be necessary to develop models capable of describing transient stress ... |
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| Magnesium Technology and Manufacturing for Ultra Lightweight Armored Ground Vehicles |
Feb-2009 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Kyu Cho; Paul Moy; Tomoko Sano; Kevin Doherty; Chian Yen; George Gazonas; Jonathan Montgomery; Bruce Davis; Rick DeLorme; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The current paper summarizes magnesium alloy metallurgy and wrought manufacturing with an initial emphasis on the Elektron WE43 alloy system for lightweight armored ground vehicle applications. Engineering design factors are reviewed and initial mechanical property data are presented along with ballistic results and findings from blast simulations. Finally the future role of magnesium alloys in ultra light metallic armor is discussed in terms of material development and application. |
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| Multi-Scale Modeling and Large-Scale Transient Simulation of Ballistic Fabric |
Dec-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
D Powell; T J Zohdi; C Farhat; STANFORD UNIV PALO ALTO CA
|
| Ballistic fabrics such as Kevlar and Zylon are finding new uses not only as shielding for personnel but also in commercial and military aircraft protecting flight-critical components in the event of a high-speed ballistic impact. Since experimental tests on these materials are often expensive and time consuming, a computational model amenable to largescale numerical simulations on massively parallel processors would provide an ideal alternative. To this effect, a novel multi-scale ... |
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| Advancements in Steel for Weight Reduction of P900 Armor Plate |
Dec-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
R A Howell; J S Van Montgomery; D C Aken; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD SURVIVABILITY MATERIALS BRANCH
|
| Ballistic tests were conducted on a high manganese and high aluminum austenitic steel that is age hardenable. These lightweight steels (12 to 18% lower in density) were investigated as alternatives to MIL-PRF- 32269 steel alloys for application in P900 perforated armor currently used for Army ground combat systems. Two steel plates with nominal composition in weight percent of Fe-30Mn-9Al-1Si-0.9C-0.5Mo were evaluated for V50 against 0.30 caliber armor piercing and 0.50 ... |
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| Development of a Ballistic Specification for Magnesium Alloy AZ31B |
Dec-2008 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Tyrone L Jones; Richard D DeLorme; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and Magnesium Elektron North America (MENA) have conducted a joint effort to develop and evaluate rolled plate in commercially available magnesium alloy-temper AZ31B-H24. MENA produced the rolled product and conducted the mechanical analysis, while ARL performed the ballistic analysis. The magnesium alloy plates were parametrically compared with the minimum performance requirements of aluminum alloy 5083-H131 temper rolled plate using various armor-piercing and fragment-simulating projectiles ... |
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| Microstructure and Properties of WC Spheres |
Nov-2008 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey J Swab; Justin Pritchett; Andrew A Wereszczak; Osama M Jadaan; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Tungsten carbide (WC) spheres are used as projectiles to study the ballistic performance of armor materials and systems. In order to properly understand and model the interaction between the projectile and the armor, it is necessary to have properties of both. In this study, the physical and mechanical properties of two commercially available WC spheres (nominally 0.25 inch in diameter) used in some ballistic impact studies were determined. One WC ... |
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| Equation of State of Ballistic Gelatin |
23-Jun-2008 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Muhetaer Aihaiti; Russell J Hemley; CARNEGIE INST OF WASHINGTON DC
|
| We determined the equation of state for ballistic gelatin using the Brillouin scattering spectroscopy with a diamond anvil cell by measuring the pressure dependence of the sound velocities from ambient pressure to 12 GPa at room temperature. We extended these measurements to a temperature range of 0 to 100 deg C between ambient and 12 GPa. We analyzed the Brillouin data using a high temperature Vinet equation of state and ... |
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| Numerical Simulation Investigations in Weapon Delivery Probabilities |
01-Jun-2008 |
85 pages |
| Authors:
Kristofer A Peterson; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The study of weapon delivery probabilities has historically been focused around analytical solutions and approximations for weapon delivery accuracy and effectiveness calculations. With the relatively recent increase in modern computing power many of the historical expressions can be simulated quickly with similar or more accurate results than the historical expressions and approximations. In this thesis simulation methods are used to evaluate weapon delivery probability parameters including circular error probable, range ... |
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| Ballistic Performance Testing of Aluminum Alloy 5059-H131 and 5059-H136 for Armor Applications |
01-May-2008 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Dwight D Showalter; Brian E Placzankis; Matthew S Burkins; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) was tasked to investigate the ballistic performance of aluminum alloy (AA) 5059 to determine if it was a desirable alternate alloy for use as vehicle armor. Current alloys, such as AA5083 and AA7039, have high yield and tensile strengths and provide increased ballistic protection but have significantly less corrosion resistance than AA5059. AA5059 generally provides greater ballistic protection levels than AA5083 but did not ... |
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| High-Speed Photographic Study of Wave Propagation and Impact Damage in Transparent Laminates |
01-Apr-2008 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
Elmar Straburger; M O Steinhauser; FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG E V MUNICH (GERMANY F R)
|
| Conventional transparent armor consists of glass laminates with polymer interlayer and backing. It has been demonstrated that the materials, the ratio of materials, and the type and thickness of the interlayers affect the ballistic efficiency of the laminate. Borosilicate glass, Starphire ultra-clear soda-lime glass, and the transparent, polycrystalline ceramic AION are materials being considered for transparent armor applications. A comprehensive series of Edge-on Impact tests has been conducted in order ... |
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| Global Mechanical Response and Its Relation to Deformation and Failure Modes at Various Length Scales Under Shock Impact in Alumina AD995 Armor Ceramic |
MAR 2008 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
D. P. Dandekar; J. W. McCauley; W. H. Green; N. K. Bourne; M. W. Chen; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Polycrystalline aluminum oxide (Al2O3) based materials have both personnel and ground vehicle armor applications. However, their ballistic performance can vary significantly. At the root of this problem is the identification of the fundamental macro and micro mechanisms of deformation and failure in the ballistic event which has proven very elusive over the years. Using a newly developed soft recovery plate impact experiment, a multi-disciplinary, multi-national collaboration has, for the first ... |
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| Modeling the Penetration Behavior of Rigid Into Ballistic Gelatin |
MAR 2008 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Steven B. Segletes; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The penetration of 20% ballistic gelatin by rigid steel spheres is studied and analytically modeled. In order to properly capture the response for a wide variety of sphere sizes and impact velocities, a rate-dependent strength formulation is required for the ballistic resistance of gelatin. |
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| A High-Velocity 7.62-MM (0.30-cal.) Gun System |
AUG 2007 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Donald J. Little; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) has many requirements to test projectiles in excess of their normal muzzle velocities or maximum powder loads, particularly to determine comparative ballistic performance. ARL s existing 7.62-mm (0.30-cal.) bore guns are not capable of launching the 7.62-mm (0.30-cal.) fragment-simulating projectile above 1350 m/s. Since testing requirements often exceed 1500 m/s, a custom chamber system was designed and successfully tested to fulfill this need. |
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| Rat Models and Identification of Candidate Early Serum Biomarkers of Battlefield Traumatic Brain Injury |
31 JUL 2007 |
55 pages |
| Authors:
Fabio Leonessa; HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE ROCKVILLE MD
|
| This study is part of a larger multi-year study that has two main specific aims: 1. the characterization of a "closed head" FPI(lateral fluid percussion), versus a penetrating ballistic rat model of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and 2. the identification of specific plasma proteomic biomarkers of TBI. Funding has covered year 1 of this study, and the following related objectives: 1) Application of TBI, neurobehavioral testing and collection of biofluids ... |
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| Defense Logistics: Army and Marine Corps' Body Armor Requirements, Controls, and Other Issues |
06 JUN 2007 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
William M. Solis; GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| In recent years, a number of reports and newspaper articles have cited concerns regarding the level of protection and the available amounts of body armor to protect deployed service members. As part of GAO's efforts to monitor the Department of Defense's (DoD) and the services' action to protect ground forces, GAO reviewed the Army and Marine Corps' actions to address these concerns. On April 26, 2007, GAO issued a report ... |
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| Ballistic Testing of Australian Bisalloy Steel for Armor Applications |
JUN 2007 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Dwight D. Showalter; William A. Gooch; Matt S. Burkins; Victoria Thorn; Stephen J. Cimpoeru; Russell Barnett; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and Australian Defense Science and Technology Organization (DSTO) have ballistically baselined a range of armor steels (277-321HB to 477-534HB) manufactured by the Australian company, Bisalloy Steels. Plate was tested in thicknesses from 10 mm to 20 mm and ARL and DSTO ballistically tested the plates against 0.30 caliber and 0.50 caliber armor piercing projectiles, 0.50 caliber and 20 mm Fragment Simulating Projectiles (FSPs) and ... |
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| Titanium Brazing for Structures and Survivability |
MAY 2007 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin J. Doherty; Jason R. Tice; Steven T. Szewczyk; Gary A. Glide; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| Titanium is a candidate as a structural material for all new tactical and armored ground vehicles, because of its high strength-to-weight ratio, excellent corrosion resistance, and inherent ballistic resistance. However, titanium as a structural material is much less mature than both steel and aluminum alloys, especially in the area of joining. While welding is the typical joining method for titanium, vacuum brazing is an option in areas that are difficult ... |
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| Phonon Enhancement of Electronic and Optoelectronic Devices |
DEC 2006 |
115 pages |
| Authors:
G. Belenky; Q. Hu; S. Luryi; H. Maris; A. Nurmikko; S-S. S. Pei; A. Zaslavsky; BROWN UNIV PROVIDENCE RI DIV OF ENGINEERING
|
| This MURI program began with the premise that extensive opportunities exist to transform the problems generally associated with phonons presenting an overhead into a distinct benefit for substantial enhancement of a broad range of optoelectronic and electronic devices. Our explicit goal and objective is to provide a significant improvement and major technological impact to the performance of a wide spectrum of advanced and novel semiconductor optoelectronic/electronic devices, by explicitly focusing ... |
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| The Influence of Protection, Mobility and Risk Perception on the Behaviour and Physical Performance of a Combat Soldier (De Invloed van Bescherming, Mobiliteit en Risicoperceptie op het Gedrag en de Fysieke Prestatie van een Gevechtssoldaat) |
DEC 2006 |
|
| Authors:
C. L. Koerhuis; L. A. Verhagen; TNO Defence Security and Safety The Hague (Netherlands)
|
| In this study, a realistic fire & maneuver action was performed to assess the overall effect of ballistic protection, mobility (weight, protection, surface) and risk perception on behaviour and physical performance of the individual combat soldier. Twenty-eight combat soldiers, divided in 14 buddy pairs, participated in this study. The combat soldiers were unfamiliar with Simunition and performed a Fire & maneuver action. The significantly higher threat score before the action ... |
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| Global Mechanical Response and its Relation to Deformation and Failure Modes at Various Length Scales under Shock Impact in Alumina AD995 Armor Ceramic |
01 NOV 2006 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
D. P. Dandekar; J. W. McCauley; W. H. Green; N. K. Bourne; M. W. Chen; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Polycrystalline aluminum oxide (Al2O3) based materials have both personnel and ground vehicle armor applications. However, as their ballistic performance can vary significantly it is important to identify the fundamental macro and micro mechanisms of deformation and failure in the ballistic event. This has proven elusive over the years. Using a newly developed soft recovery plate impact experiment, a multidisciplinary, multi-national collaboration has, for the first time, determined micro and macro ... |
|
| An Alternative Method of Evaluating 1540NM Exposure Laser Damage using an Optical Tissue Phantom |
NOV 2006 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Nichole M. Jindra; Manuel A. Figueroa; Benjamin A. Rockwell; Lucas J. Chavey; Justin J. Zohner; NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORP SAN ANTONIO TX INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
|
| An optical phantom was designed to physically and optically resemble human tissue, in an effort to provide an alternative for detecting visual damage resulting from inadvertent exposure to infrared lasers. The phantom was exposed to a 1540-nm, Erbium:Glass, Q-switched laser with a beam diameter of 5 mm for 30 ns at varying power levels. Various materials were tested for use in the phantom; including agar, ballistic media, and silicone rubber. ... |
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| Automated Damage Assessment System for Ballistic Protective Inserts Using Low Frequency Ultrasonics |
NOV 2006 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Valery F. Godinez-Azcuaga; Didem Ozevin; Richard D. Finlayson; David Colanto; PHYSICAL ACOUSTICS CORP PRINCETON NJ
|
| Ballistic Protective Inserts (BPI) provide personal ballistic protection through several layers of materials such as ceramic plates and composite fibers. The complex BPI structure makes inspection with conventional nondestructive testing methods difficult. Radiography and low frequency ultrasonics are two methods that can provide information about the condition of a BPI, with respect to cracking and porosity in the ceramic plate and debonding between layers. Although both ultrasonics and radiography are ... |
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| Evaluation of Hot Isostatic Pressing Parameters on the Optical and Ballistic Properties of Spinel for Transparent Armor |
NOV 2006 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Gary Gilde; Parimal Patel; James Sands; Philip Patterson; David Blodgett; Donald Duncan; Daniel Hahn; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The effect of different hot pressing and hot isostatic pressing temperatures and pressures on the optical properties of spinel was studied. Extinction coefficients of spinel samples were estimated by comparing the measured transmittance with the theoretical transmittance as calculated via a Sellmeier model. Results showed that the relative size of the scattering sites was large compared to the wavelengths of light. Overall, increasing HIP temperature and pressure resulted in decreasing ... |
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| Enhancing Injury Protection Capabilities of Army Combat Helmets |
NOV 2006 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
F. T. Brozoski; B. J. McEntire; J. S. Crowley; K. L. Padgett; ARMY AEROMEDICAL RESEARCH LAB FORT RUCKER AL WARFIGHTER PROTECTION DIV
|
| Traditionally, combat helmet design has focused on improving ballistic protection, but there has been recent interest in providing better protection from blunt impacts as well. In the military environment, many factors can produce blunt force head injury, including ground vehicle or aircraft mishaps, falls, etc. This paper outlines recent accomplishments of the combat helmet program at the U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory (USAARL) that have contributed measurably to enhanced Soldier ... |
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| A Modified Zerilli-Armstrong Constitutive Model Describing the Strength and Localizing Behavior of Ti-6A1-4V |
SEP 2006 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Jr. Meyer Hubert W.; DYNAMIC SCIENCE INC ABERDEEN MD
|
| Modeling localizing behavior (e.g., shear instability) of metals such as Ti-6Al-4V has been an important goal for some time in the study of ballistic impact and penetration phenomena. Toward this end, Zerilli and Armstrong proposed a constitutive model for metals with a hexagonal closely packed crystal structure that addressed the shear instability of some of these materials. This model was fit to Hopkinson Bar data obtained at strain rates from ... |
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| Efficient Multiple Hypothesis Track Processing of Boost-Phase Ballistic Missiles Using IMPULSE -Generated Threat Models |
SEP 2006 |
109 pages |
| Authors:
Bert Rakdham; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| In this thesis, a multiple hypotheses tracking (MHT) algorithm is developed to successfully track multiple ballistic missiles within the boost phase. The success of previous work on the MHT algorithm and its application in other scientific fields enables this study to realize an efficient form of the algorithm and examine its feasibility in tracking multiple crossing ballistic missiles even though various accelerations due to staging are present. A framework is ... |
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| Compression and Instrumented Indentation Measurements on Biomimetic Polymers |
SEP 2006 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas F. Juliano; Paul Moy; Tusit Weerasooriya; Mark R. VanLandingham; Aaron M. Forster; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The mechanical response of living tissue is important to understanding the injury-risk associated with impact events. Unfortunately, currently used materials are not optimal surrogates and present several experimental challenges. Bulk measurement techniques, such as compression and shear tests, do not necessarily represent the type and rate of loading experienced in an actual impact event. Indentation testing may induce surface loading at stress states and strain rates not available to bulk ... |
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| Status Report on SPS TiB2/TiB/Ti Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs) for Armor |
SEP 2006 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
James W. McCauley; G. D'Andrea; Kyu Cho; Matthew S. Burkins; Robert J. Dowding; Jr Gooch William A.; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| The pioneering research by Wilkins and colleagues in the 1960s led many investigators to conclude that ceramic armor performance could be significantly enhanced with materials macrostructurally designed to grade from a pure ceramic to a stiff, more ductile material at the back surface. Several configurations of TiB2/TiB/Ti functionally graded materials were fabricated using a spark plasma sintering process. Detailed microstructural characterization of the as-processed material is presented as well as ... |
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| Flight Test & Recovery of Gun Launched Instrumented Projectiles Using High-G On Board Recording Techniques |
MAY 2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Peter C. Muller; Edward F. Bukowski; Gary L. Katulka; Philip Peregino; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| Researchers at the Weapons and Materials Research Directorate of ARL have recently completed experimental testing with a G-hardened gun launched miniature instrumentation package that fits within the projectile fuze cavity for obtaining realistic in-bore, deceleration and projectile impact data. This device consists of an accelerometer and a digital recorder that is designed for the reliable capture of ballistic data during projectile launch, flight and target impact. During recent flight test ... |
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| Ballistic Imaging in the Primary Breakup Region of Diesel Injector Sprays |
31 JAN 2006 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
M. A. Linne; T. E. Parker; COLORADO SCHOOL OF MINES GOLDEN
|
| The Colorado School of Mines (CSM) has developed a technique (called ballistic imaging) for single-shot imaging of the near-field primary breakup region of a diesel spray. Ballistic imaging is a non-intrusive optical measurement technique that produces line-of-sight integrated images. These images represent the underlying spray structure in spite of the droplet cloud which surrounds the interior of the spray. Single shot ballistic imaging relies on an ultra-fast optical switch; the ... |
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| Theoretical Design and Modeling of an Infantry Railgun Projectile |
DEC 2005 |
146 pages |
| Authors:
James A. Brady; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| In order for railgun technology to be relevant to the Infantry, the design of the projectile must incorporate the following three concepts: an effective ballistics package, geometries for aerodynamic stability; and a non-parasitic conducting armature. I designed an effective 30mm and scaled 40mm projectile which incorporates the aforementioned concepts. My ballistics analysis concluded with two AUTODYN(Trademark) finite-element computer models that refined theoretical estimates for target penetration. The proposed railgun projectiles ... |
|
| Ablation of Liquids for Laser Propulsion with TEA CO2 Laser |
20 OCT 2005 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
John Sinko; Lisa Kodgis; Simon Porter; Enrique Sterling; Jun Lin; Andrew V. Pakhomov; C. W. Larson; Jr Mead Franklin B.; ALABAMA UNIV IN HUNTSVILLE
|
| Time-resolved force sensing and intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) imaging techniques were applied to the study of the force generation mechanism for laser ablation of liquids. A Transversely Excited at Atmospheric pressure (TEA) CO2 laser operated at 10.6 micro-m, 300 ns pulse width, and 9 J pulse energy was used to ablate liquids contained in various aluminum and glass vessels. Net imparted impulse and coupling coefficient were derived from the force ... |
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| Bending of Threaded and Unthreaded Tungsten Rods Under Oblique Impact |
28 SEP 2005 |
53 pages |
| Authors:
Martin N. Raftenberg; Todd W. Bjerke; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
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| We employed ballistic experiments and finite element (FE) analysis to explore the extent to which. and the mechanism by which, the threading on a tungsten heavy alloy rod increases its susceptibility to break up under conditions of oblique impact. In the laboratory. small-scale rods with and without threads were launched into thin rolled homogeneous armor plates at 1300 m/s and 60 degrees' obliquity. Fracture near the nose of the rod ... |
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| Thermal Analysis of an M256 120-mm Cannon |
28 SEP 2005 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph T. South; Robert H. Carter; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
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| In this work, the development and verification of a thermal finite element model for the M256 120-mm cannon is reported. Surface and interior temperatures of the M256 at various times and locations are reported after being subjected to a simulated ballistic event. This report details the development of the models with emphasis on mesh refinement for improved fidelity. The results of the model agree with experimentally obtained M256 thermal data. ... |
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| Proximity-Based Overmatching Fires From the Total Force |
SEP 2005 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
John H. Brand; Kenneth Yagrich; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Technology now permits control of fires from multiple, dissimilar platforms from many units across a wide area. Target allocation could be based on physical ability of a platform to engage a given target, subject to immediate mission and conditions. This would be based on ballistics, proximity, and terrain, regardless of unit affiliation. These platforms could belong to many units of differing types in different chains of command. The result would ... |
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| Processing and Ballistic Performance of Al2O3/TiB2 Composites |
SEP 2005 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Gary A. Gilde; Jane W. Adams; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Early research on Al2O3/TiB2 composites focused on exploiting their potential as a low-cost armor ceramic. Limited ballistic data indicated that the microstructure had a dramatic effect on ballistic performance. In some cases, the penetration resistance of Al2O3/TiB2 approached that of monolithic TiB2 ceramics. However, challenges were encountered both in quantifying the microstructural details and fabricating the desired microstructure. The large spread in depth of penetration results for these ceramics, coupled ... |
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| Effects of Machining on the Uniaxial and Equibiaxial Flexure Strength of CAP3 AD-995 Al2O3 |
SEP 2005 |
70 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew A. Wereszczak; Jeffrey J. Swab; Reuben H. Kraft; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| The effect of surface condition on the uniaxial and equibiaxial flexure strength of CoorsTek's CAP3 AD-995 alumina was examined. (Note that this material was found not to be the same as CoorsTek's AD-955 alumina-a comparison and discussion of the differences are provided in this report.) The following four surface conditions were considered: as-fired (i.e., unmachined) surfaces; the condition produced by CoorsTek's standard surface-grinding procedures (i.e., the condition they will provide ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
BALLISTICS
