| Ten Years of Spatial Disorientation in U.S. Army Rotary-Wing Operations (Reprint) |
Oct 2012 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Steven J Gaydos; Michael J Harrigan; Alaistair J Bushby; ARMY AEROMEDICAL RESEARCH LAB FORT RUCKER AL
|
 | Spatial disorientation (SD) has plagued aviation since its inception, contributing to numerous lost lives, destroyed or damaged aircraft, and a reduction in operational mission effectiveness. Military rotary-wing (RW) operations are not immune. The U.S. Army has retired many legacy aircraft represented in older studies, developed new training regimens for aircrew, continued to expand its night vision capabilities, and has prosecuted combat operations for some 10 yr utilizing new tactics, techniques, ... |
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| Toward A Fail-Safe Air Force Culture: Creating a Resilient Future While Avoiding Past Mistakes |
Oct 2012 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Todd C Ericson; AIR WAR COLL MAXWELL AFB AL
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| As the Air Force matures as a service we must choose a culture for our continued long-term success. The zero-defect approach practiced by the Strategic Air Command (SAC) during the service's infancy offers short-term success, but the resulting culture of fear and reprisal is not conducive to sustained excellence. Conversely, the tolerant approach of Quality Air Force (QAF) adopted during our adolescence provides short-term morale benefits, but its culture of ... |
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| A Human Factors Analysis of Fatal and Serious Injury Accidents in Alaska, 2004-2009 |
Dec 2011 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin W Williams; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROSPACE MEDICAL INST
|
| This report summarizes the analysis of 97 general aviation accidents in Alaska that resulted in a fatality or serious injury to one or more aircraft occupants for the years 2004-2009. The accidents were analyzed using the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) developed by Douglas Weigmann and Scott Shappell. As found in previous studies of this nature, Skill-Based Errors were found to be the most common accident causal factor, ... |
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| Unmanned Aircraft Systems: A Logical Choice for Homeland Security Support |
Dec 2011 |
87 pages |
| Authors:
Bart W Darnell; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF NATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS
|
| Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) have been part of aviation from the beginnings of manned aviation and have become a vital tool in our overseas military and national security operations. Public and private sector interest continues to grow for the use of UAS in a variety of domestic missions, including border patrol, law enforcement, and search and rescue. With growing concerns over such issues as border security and critical infrastructure protection, ... |
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| An Assessment of the Relationship between Safety Climate and Mishap Risk in U.S. Naval Aviation |
Oct 2011 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Paul O'Connor; Samuel E Buttrey; Angela O'Dea; Quinn Kennedy; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
|
| This study used a prospective design to assess whether 12 items from the Command Safety Assessment Survey (CSAS) can be used to differentiate between U.S. Naval aviation squadrons who have had a mishap within a recent period of time, and those that have not. Logistic regression modeling was carried out using the survey responses of U.S. Naval aircrew (n = 23,442) and mishap data. The models that were used to ... |
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| Analysis of Citalopram and Desmethylcitalopram in Postmortem Fluids and Tissues Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry |
Oct 2011 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Russell J Lewis; Mike K Angier; Robert D Johnson; Brittany M Rains; Sarik Nepal; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROSPACE MEDICAL INST
|
| Citalopram is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is a commonly prescribed drug for the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, anxiety disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. While the use of citalopram is relatively safe, certain side effects could negatively affect a pilot s performance and become a factor in an aviation accident. The side effects of this medication include nausea, tiredness, drowsiness, dizziness, and blurred vision. Due to ... |
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| Drugs and Alcohol in Civil Aviation Accident Pilot Fatalities from 2004-2008 |
Sep 2011 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Dennis V Canfield; Kurt M Dubowski; Arvind K Chaturvedi; James E Whinnery; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROSPACE MEDICAL INST
|
| The FAA Office of Aerospace Medicine sets medical standards needed to protect the public and pilots from death or injury due to incapacitation of the pilot. As a part of this process, toxicology testing is performed by the FAA on almost every pilot who is fatally injured in an aviation accident to determine the medical condition of the pilot, medications used by the pilot at the time of the accident, ... |
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| Flying Blind: Aeromedical Certification and Undiagnosed Age-Related Macular Degeneration |
Sep 2011 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Van B Nakagawara; Ronald W Montgomery; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROSPACE MEDICAL INST
|
| The love of flying seldom diminishes throughout a pilot's career. It is often the primary motivation for investing the time and expense necessary to attain and maintain a valid pilot license and medical certificate. However, a pilot's ability to meet the physical requirements for aeromedical certification may become compromised by advancing age or impairments. Individuals with physical limitations or the elderly in a number of states must pass a vision ... |
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| Optimal RSOM-hub Locations for Northern Operations: A MAJAID Scenario Analysis |
Aug 2011 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
Ahmed Ghanmi; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CANADA OTTAWA (ONTARIO) CENTRE FOR OPERATIONAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS
|
| This paper presents an analysis of a Reception, Staging and Onward Movement hub (RSOM-hub) concept to support Canadian Forces Major Air Disaster (MAJAID) operations in the North and provides insights into the optimal RSOM-hub locations. RSOM-hubs are permanent or temporary staging bases for cross-loading between strategic and tactical lift during military deployment and sustainment operations. In this study, performance measures were formulated to assess the effectiveness and the responsiveness of ... |
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| Precursors to Gender Attitudes in the Air Cadet Gliding Population |
Apr 2011 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Emily-Ana Filardo; Angela R Febbraro; Ritu M Gill; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT TORONTO (CANADA)
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| Directorate of Flight Safety (DFS) data between 1997 and 2007 suggest that a disproportionate number of female pilots are involved in Canadian air cadet glider accidents. Research also suggests that commercial aviation continues to be dominated by masculine cultural values and practices, possibly leading to feelings of pressure among females to perform, as well as prejudicial attitudes towards female aviators (Davey, 2004; Vermeulen & Mitchell, 2007). Research by Febbraro et ... |
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| Evaluation of Detergent Rubber Removal System Under Expeditionary Conditions in Support of Operation Unified Response |
AUG 2010 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Brian W. Cotter; Athar Saeed; Dean H. Hitzelberger; Troy D. Thomas; Robert M. Wyatt; APPLIED RESEARCH ASSOCIATES INC TYNDALL AFB FL
|
| Buildup of rubber on runway surfaces is the leading cause of aircraft accidents upon landings. The skid resistance of a pavement surface depends on the friction developed between the pavement surface and the aircraft tire; skid resistance is significantly impacted by accumulation of rubber and is easy and reasonably inexpensive to restore. The Aircraft Operating Surfaces (AOS) research team at the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) has over seven years ... |
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| US Army Non-Human Factor Helicopter Mishap Findings and Recommendations |
MAY 2010 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Robert Kent; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE
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| Aerospace Medicine -Specialists- Relevant and Ready to Army Space Operations |
Jan 2010 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
John P Albano; ARMY SPACE AND MISSILE DEFENSE COMMAND/ARMY FORCES STRATEGIC COMMAND PETERSON AFB CO
|
| Recently, the Army Space Cadre Mobile Training Team from U.S. Army Space and Missile Defense Command/Army Forces Strategic Command s Future Warfare Center Directorate of Combat Development (FWC DCD) traveled to Pensacola, Fla., to train Army and Navy residents in aerospace medicine the fundamentals of Army Space Operations. The FWC DCD Trainers conducted the 40-hour Army Space Cadre Basic Course. The intent was not to give an orientation to Space ... |
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| Rotorcraft Crash Mishap Analysis |
30-Sep-2009 |
390 pages |
| Authors:
Lance C Labun; SAFE INC TEMPE AZ
|
| The method and results of a study using rotary wing crash data from the Army Aviation Mishap database are reported. The study was conducted to support the Full Spectrum Crashworthiness initiative with the objective of providing a current basis for revising the crashworthiness design criteria. For this study, crashes were divided into two types: directly to terrain, and those following an inflight obstacle strike. Thirty percent of the crashes studied ... |
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| Stress Effects on Transfer from Virtual Environment Flight Training to Stressful Flight Environments |
01-Jun-2009 |
226 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher K McClernon; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects that stress training has on stressful flight operations to mitigate the human factors preconditions to aircraft accidents. In addition, stress training implementation strategies were investigated in order to develop pedagogy pertinent to stress training. A series of three empirical experiments were performed to test the transfer of both human emotional states and task skills from a virtual environment to subsequent ... |
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| An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of U.S. Naval Aviation Crew Resource Management Training Programs: A Reassessment for the Twenty-First Century Operating Environment |
Jun-2009 |
127 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas W Jones; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis describes a multi-faceted evaluation of the U.S. Naval Aviation Crew Resource Management (CRM) program. CRM training is used to instruct naval aviators in safety critical, non-technical behaviors. Reactions were evaluated by using a single item from command safety climate questionnaires (n=51, 570 observations over nine years). Attitudes were assessed using a 37-item survey (364 responses). Knowledge was evaluated using a 10-item multiple-choice test (123 responses). Finally, the causes ... |
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| Aircraft Survivability. Spring 2009 |
Jan-2009 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Dennis Lindell; JOINT AIRCRAFT SURVIVABILITY PROGRAM OFFICE ARLINGTON VA
|
| Articles in this issue: Reducing Aircraft Combat Casualties; The JASPO Casualty Assessment Initiative; Full Spectrum Crashworthiness Criteria; Crashworthiness--An Army Science and Technology Perspective; DESCENT's Contribution to Rotorcraft Vulnerability Analysis; Excellence in Survivability--Charles E. Frankenberger III; Methodology for Assessing Tri-Service Personnel Casualties; Surviving an Aircraft Crash with Airbag Restraints; Pioneer in Survivability--Walter S. Thompson III |
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| Air Force Research Laboratory Warfighter Readiness Research Division Participation in the 2008 IITSEC |
15-Dec-2008 |
82 pages |
| Authors:
Elizabeth P Casey; Merrill R Karp; Brent Crow; Dee H Andrews; Patricia C Fitzgerald; Winston Jr; Bennett; Brian T Schreiber; Justin H Prost; Leah J Rowe; Clinton Kam; Craig Eidman; Robert Nullmeyer; V A Spiker; David Kaiser; Gregg A Montijo; Jim Anderson; NCI INFORMATION SYSTEMS INC MESA AZ
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| This technical paper contains the contributions of the Air Force Research Laboratory, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Warfighter Readiness Research Division (AFRL/RHA) to the 2008 Interservice/Industry Training, Simulation, and Education Conference (I/ITSEC). I/ITSEC is the premiere event of its kind in the world of training, modeling, and simulation. The 2008 conference theme was: Learn. Train. Win! The conference included multiple presentations of previously unpublished papers, as well as tutorials and special events--all ... |
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| Spatial Disorientation Training - Demonstration and Avoidance (entrainement a la desorientation spatiale - Demonstration et reponse) |
Oct-2008 |
|
| Authors:
Willem Bles; NATO RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATION NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE (FRANCE)
|
 | Recent accident statistics reveal that Spatial Disorientation (SD) is still a major threat to flight safety in many NATO countries. A review of SD training programmes as applied in most NATO countries, in agreement with STANAG 3114, shows that SD training is not fully developed. The goal of the report is to provide the necessary information to improve these SD training programmes. To this purpose, the report provides many detailed ... |
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| U.S. Airline Transport Pilot International Flight Language Experiences, Report 1: Background Information and General/Pre-Flight Preparation |
01-Sep-2008 |
70 pages |
| Authors:
O V Prinzo; Alan Campbell; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROSPACE MEDICAL INST
|
| In 1998, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) took a heightened interest in the role of language in airline accidents. Its Air Navigation Commission was directed to complete the task of strengthening relevant ICAO provisions concerning language requirements. Member states agreed to take steps to ensure air traffic control (ATC) personnel and flight crews involved in flight operations in airspace where the use of the English language is required were ... |
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| Homeland Security: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Border Surveillance |
13 MAY 2008 |
|
| Authors:
Christopher Bolkcom; Blas Nunez-Neto; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| Within the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is the lead agency charged with securing our nation's borders. While CBP is charged with overall border enforcement, within the bureau a distinction is made concerning border enforcement at and between ports of entry (POE). At POE, CBP officers are responsible for conducting immigrations, customs, and agricultural inspections on individuals presenting themselves for entry into the United States. ... |
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| Use of Weather Information by General Aviation Pilots. Part 2. Qualitative: Exploring Factors Involved in Weather-Related Decision Making |
MAR 2008 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
William R. Knecht; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF AVIATION MEDICINE
|
| Interview data obtained from 221 general aviation (GA) pilots are qualitatively scored for factors which influence weather-related decision making. Factors finding relatively strong support are (a) the specific type of weather to be faced (storms, ice, visibility, and cloud ceiling are of greatest concern to GA pilots), (b) type of flight (IFR vs. VFR), (c) pilot physiological state (primarily disorientation), and (d) the inherent uncertainty of weather and the resultant ... |
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| U.S.-China Military Contacts: Issues for Congress |
12 DEC 2007 |
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| Authors:
Shirley A. Kan; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| This CRS Report discusses policy issues regarding military-to-military (mil-to-mil) contacts with the People's Republic of China (PRC) and provides a record of major contacts since 1993. The United States suspended military contacts with China and imposed sanctions on arms sales in response to the Tiananmen Crackdown in 1989. In 1993, the Clinton Administration began to re-engage the PRC leadership up to the highest level and including China's military, the People's ... |
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| Technical Findings, Lessons Learned, and Recommendations Resulting from the Helios Prototype Vehicle Mishap |
01 NOV 2007 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas E. Noll; Stephen D. Ishmael; Bart Henwood; Marla E. Perez-Davis; Geary C. Tiffany; John Madura; Matthew Gaier; John M. Brown; Ted Wierzbanowski; NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMIN LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER HAMPTON VA
|
| The Helios Prototype was originally planned to be two separate vehicles, but because of resource limitations only one vehicle was developed to demonstrate two missions. One configuration, designated HP01, was designed to operate at extremely high altitudes using batteries and high-efficiency solar cells spread across the upper surface of its 247-foot wingspan. The other configuration, designated HP03, was designed for long-duration flight. The plan was to use the solar cells ... |
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| Antiemetics With Concomitant Sedative Use in Civil Aviation Pilot Fatalities: From 2000 to 2006 |
OCT 2007 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Sabra R. Botch; Robert D. Johnson; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROSPACE MEDICAL INST
|
| Many drugs commonly used for the treatment of various ailments can be dangerous when used in combination. Antiemetics and sedatives are two drug classes that contain compounds that may have harmful side effects when mixed. A drug such as chlorpheniramine with antiemetic properties can dramatically increase the negative side effects of numerous drugs in the sedative class. This phenomenon is especially dangerous for pilots. Although many of these compounds are ... |
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| An Analysis of Preflight Weather Briefings |
FEB 2007 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
O. V. Prinzo; Alfred M. Hendrix; Ruby Hendrix; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| Weather is often cited as a factor in general aviation (GA) accidents and mishaps. The type of weather information requested from, or provided by, automated flight service station (AFSS) specialists is dependent on weather conditions at the time the preflight briefing occurs. However, little is known about how this weather information is used by GA pilots. The purpose of this research was to document the types of AFSS weather information ... |
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| Developing a Methodology for Assessing Safety Programs Targeting Human Error in Aviation |
NOV 2006 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Scott Shappell; Douglas Wiegmann; CLEMSON UNIV SC
|
| There is a need to develop an effective methodology for generating comprehensive intervention strategies that map current and proposed safety programs onto well-established types of human error. Two separate studies were conducted using recommendations from NTSB accident investigations and several joint FAA and industry working groups. The goal of the studies was to validate a proposed framework for developing and examining safety initiatives that target human error in aviation. The ... |
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| Publications and Presentations of the Ophthalmology Branch, USAF School of Aerospace Medicine, 2001-2005 |
JUL 2006 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas J. Tredici; SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE MEDICINE BROOKS AFB TX CLINICAL SCIENCES DIV
|
| Aerospace ophthalmology combines the practice of Clinical Ophthalmology and Aerospace Medicine in attempting to solve the visual and ophthalmological problems of the aviator and astronaut. The Ophthalmology Branch of the USAF School of Aerospace Medicine has exclusively performed this task for nearly 88 years. The visual problems and solutions proposed are documented in the publications and invited presentations of Ophthalmology Branch personnel, listed for the years 2001 through 2005. They ... |
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| Human Error and Commercial Aviation Accidents: A Comprehensive, Fine-Grained Analysis Using HFACS |
JUL 2006 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Scott A. Shappell; Cristy A. Detwiler; Kali A. Holcomb; Carla A. Hackworth; Albert J. Boquet; Douglas A. Wiegmann; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF AVIATION MEDICINE
|
| The Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) is a theoretically based tool for investigating and analyzing human error associated with accidents and incidents. Previous research has shown that HFACS can be reliably used to identify general trends in the human factors associated with military and general aviation accidents. The aim of this study was to extend previous examinations of aviation accidents to include specific aircrew, environmental, supervisory, and organizational ... |
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| Nonverbal Communication and Aircrew Coordination in Army Aviation: Annotated Bibliography |
JUN 2006 |
119 pages |
| Authors:
Lawrence C. Katz; Gretchen Kambe; Kurt F. Kline; Gary N. Grubb; ARMY RESEARCH INST FOR THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| The Army's Aircrew Coordination Training (ACT) programs emphasize the importance of verbal communications between crewmembers during mission execution. While this is a critical component of effective crew coordination, little attention has been directed towards the influence of nonverbal communication on effective crew coordination. Nonverbal communication transactions occur in the cockpit, but the extent to which they supplement verbal communication and their contribution to safe mission performance remain unclear. The report ... |
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| A Rapid and Inexpensive PCR-Based STR Genotyping Method for Identifying Forensic Specimens |
JUN 2006 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Doris M. Kupfer; Mark Huggins; Brandt Cassidy; Nicole Vu; Dennis Burian; Dennis V. Canfield1; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| Situations arise where forensic samples can be inadvertently misidentified during field collection. Samples identified in the field as being from the same person that return conflicting toxicological results may suggest such misidentification. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based human identity testing provides a reliable and independent method to confirm sample identification. In the study presented here, the Federal Bureau of Investigation's human Combined DNA Identity System (CODIS) loci were used on a ... |
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| Comparison of Pilot Medical History and Medications Found In Postmortem Specimens |
MAY 2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Dennis V. Canfield; Guillermo J. Salazar; Russell J. Lewis; James E. Whinnery; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| Pilots are required by FAA regulations to report all medications and medical conditions to the FAA Office of Aerospace Medicine for review as to the overall suitability of the pilot for flight activities. Following a fatal aviation accident, specimens from deceased pilots are collected by local pathologists and sent to the Bioaeronautical Sciences Research Laboratory (BSRL) for toxicological analysis. The results of such tests are entered into the BSRL Forensic ... |
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| Locus of Control, Attribution Theory, and the "Five Deadly Sins" of Aviation |
MAY 2006 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
II Stewart John E.; ARMY RESEARCH INST FOR THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES FORT RUCKER AL ROTARY-WING AVIATION RESEARCH UNIT
|
| The construct of Locus of Control (LOC) has been shown to predict a broad range of attitudes and behaviors, including risk taking and risk management, the performance of multiple tasks, distractibility, and the subjective perception of time. The above topics and many others have applicability to aviation settings. Over the past two decades, a few researchers have examined the relationship between LOC and hazardous attitudes, pilot errors, and other variables ... |
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| Preparing the German Air Force for Deployment - The Stress Concept of the General Surgeon |
01 APR 2006 |
|
| Authors:
Bernd Willkomm; GERMAN AIR FORCE INST OF AVIATION MEDICINE FURSTENFELDBRUCK (GERMANY)
|
| Because of political restrictions the German Armed Forces had not been involved in NATO -- and/or UN -- deployments until after the reunification of Germany. After the first experiences with such deployments in the early and mid 90's it became evident that some kind of psychological support would have to be provided. As a consequence of several dangerous situations and critical incidents the German Armed Forces experienced flying into and ... |
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| Identification of Sildenafil (Viagra) and Its Metabolite (UK 103,320) in Six Aviation Fatalities |
FEB 2006 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Robert D. Johnson; Russell J. Lewis; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| During the investigation of aviation accidents, postmortem samples from victims are submitted to the Federal Aviation Administration's Civil Aerospace Medical Institute for toxicological analysis. This report presents a rapid and reliable method for the identification and quantitation of sildenafil (Viagra ) and its active metabolite, UK-103,320. This procedure utilizes sildenafil-d8 as an internal standard for more accurate and reliable quantitation. The method incorporates solid-phase extraction and LC/MS/MS and MS/MS/MS utilizing ... |
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| Sara is Here to Stay |
Feb-2006 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
B E Heyl; MARINE CORPS COMMAND AND STAFF COLL QUANTICO VA
|
| Statistically, flying military aircraft is a dangerous business. The U.S. Marine Corps (USMC) adopted several programs in the 1990s to reduce aviation mishaps to a lower, more acceptable level. One such initiative, Squadron Assistance/Risk Assessment (SARA), was a software program tailored for squadron operations. SARA has become a valuable tool for squadron operations and safety programs, but is often mismanaged at the squadron level due to lack of training and ... |
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| Poppy Seed Consumption or Opiate Use: The Determination of Thebaine and Opiates of Abuse in Postmortem Fluids and Tissues |
JUN 2005 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Robert D. Johnson; Russell J. Lewis; Rachael A. Hattrup; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| Opiates are some of the most widely prescribed drugs in America. Some opiate compounds are highly addictive and are often abused. Opiate abuse transcends all social, racial, and economic boundaries. Demonstrating the presence or absence of opiate compounds in postmortem fluids and/or tissues derived from fatal civil aviation accidents can have serious legal consequences and may help determine the cause of impairment and/or death. However, the consumption of poppy seed ... |
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| Simultaneous Quantitation of Atenolol, Metoprolol, and Propranolol in Biological Matrices Via LC/MS |
MAY 2005 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Robert D. Johnson; Russell J. Lewis; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF AVIATION MEDICINE
|
| Hypertension is a growing medical concern in the United States. With the number of Americans suffering from hypertension increasing, the use of antihypertensives such as beta-blockers is increasing as well. In fact, three beta-blockers - atenolol, metoprolol and propranolol - were among the 200 most prescribed medications in the United States in 2003. Pilots that successfully manage their hypertension can remain certified to fly. The Federal Aviation Administration currently designates ... |
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| The Influence of Visibility, Cloud Ceiling, Financial Incentive, and Personality Factors on General Aviation Pilots' Willingness to Take Off Into Marginal Weather, Part 1: The Data and Preliminary Conclusions |
APR 2005 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
William Knecht; Howard Harris; Scott Shappell; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| Adverse weather is the leading cause of fatalities in general aviation (GA). In this research, influences of ground visibility, cloud ceiling height, financial incentive, and personality were tested on 60 GA pilots' willingness to take off into simulated adverse weather. Results suggested that pilots do not see "weather" as a monolithic cognitive construct but, rather, as an interaction between its separate factors. This was supported by the finding that the ... |
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| Caring for Precious Cargo, Part II: Behavioral Techniques for Emergency Aircraft Evacuations With Infants Through the Type III Overwing Exit |
MAR 2005 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Cynthia L. Corbett; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| Infant enplanements are estimated to be approximately 1% of all passenger enplanements. Yet recommended procedures for such precious cargo in emergencies are few. Previous research shows that passenger knowledge is a key factor in determining passenger responses in accidents, underscoring the need for detailed evacuation information and instructions for parents with infants/small children. The present study was conducted to identify a set of procedures to recommend to passengers with infants ... |
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| Homeland Security: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Border Surveillance |
07 FEB 2005 |
|
| Authors:
Christopher Bolkcom; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to improve border security is a technique that has garnered congressional attention. This report examines the strengths and limitations of deploying UAVs along the northern and southern borders of the United States and related issues for Congress. The northern border separating the mainland United States and Canada is 4,121 miles long and consists of 430 official and unofficial ports of entry. The expansive ... |
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| Index to FAA Office of Aerospace Medicine Reports: 1961 through 2004 |
JAN 2005 |
85 pages |
| Authors:
William E. Collins; Michael E. Wayda; Katherine Wade; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| An index to Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Office of Aerospace Medicine reports (OAM) (1964-2004) and Civil Aerospace Medical Institute (CAMI) reports (1961-1963) is presented for those engaged in aviation medicine and related activities. The CAMI is the medical certification, research, education, and occupational health wing of the FAA's OAM. The Institute's mission has not changed over the years: its only purpose is to further aviation safety. At CAMI, researchers study ... |
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| Flight Testing the Automatic Air Collision Avoidance System (Auto ACAS) (CD-ROM) |
08 DEC 2004 |
|
| Authors:
James L. Less; AIR FORCE FLIGHT TEST CENTER EDWARDS AFB CA
|
| ELECTRONIC FILE CHARACTERISTICS: 26 files; .MPG videos and .BMP images. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: 1 CD-ROM; 4 3/4 in.; 216 MB and 1 hardcopy technical paper. SYSTEMS DETAIL NOTE: ABSTRACT: The United States Air Force and the Swedish government worked together to develop and demonstrate an Automatic Air Collision Avoidance System (Auto ACAS). The eventual implementation of this system on operational aircraft will accomplish two major goals. First, it will reduce ... |
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| Cervical Injury Risk Resulting From Rotary Wing Impact: Assessment of Injury Based Upon Aviator Size, Helmet Mass Properties and Impact Severity |
21 OCT 2004 |
338 pages |
| Authors:
Glenn Paskoff; NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER AIRCRAFT DIV PATUXENT RIVER MD
|
| A total of 43 tests was conducted at the Patuxent River Horizontal Accelerator facility to (1) quantitatively determine the effect of varying helmet weight and center of gravity (CG) during simulated rotary wing crash scenarios and (2) to perform data analysis using existing injury criteria to identify maximum limits for helmet weight and CG for the extremes of the rotary wing aviatory population. Recommendations of risks were based upon aviator ... |
|
| Gas Chromatographic/Mass Spectrometric Differentiation of Atenolol, Metoprolol, Propranolol, and an Interfering Metabolite Product of Metoprolol |
OCT 2004 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Mike K. Angier; Russel J. Lewis; Arvind K. Chaturvedi; Dennis V. Canfield; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| Pilots who successfully control their hypertension with medications, diet, and/or exercise can be medically certified to fly an aircraft. At the present time, approximately 8% of active pilots are designated as "hypertensive with medication" by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). One of the groups of antihypertensives is the beta-blocker. Of this group, atenolol, metoprolol, and propranolol are commonly prescribed, and they also have chemical and structural similarities. The FAA's Civil ... |
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| Accurate Assignment of Ethanol Origin in Postmortem Urine: A Case Study |
AUG 2004 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Robert D. Johnson; Russell J. Lewis; Dennis V. Canfield; Kurt M. Dubowski; C. L. Blank; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| Specimens from fatal aviation accident victims are submitted to the FAA Civil Aerospace Medical Institute for toxicological analysis. During toxicological evaluations, ethanol analysis is performed on all cases. Care must be taken when interpreting a positive ethanol result due to the potential for postmortem ethanol formation. Several indicators of postmortem ethanol formation exist; however, none are completely reliable. The consumption of ethanol has been shown to alter the concentration of ... |
|
| Multisensory Integration for Pilot Spatial orientation (MIPSO) |
MAR 2004 |
103 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald L. Small; Christopher D. Wickens; Alla M. Oster; John W. Keller; Jon W. French; MICRO ANALYSIS AND DESIGN BOULDER CO
|
| Spatial disorientation (SD) is a normal human response to accelerations in flight, and has existed since early flight. Its cost to the US military is over $300 million per year, with comparable costs to US civil aviation. Despite significantly increased research over the past decade, the rate of accidents caused by SD has not decreased. While the most recent research emphases have been on understanding the physiology of SD, the ... |
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| Flightfax: Army Aviation Risk-Management Information. Volume 31, Number 12, December 2003 |
DEC 2003 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
ARMY SAFETY CENTER FORT RUCKER AL
|
| This issue of Flightfax contains the following contributions: DASAF's Corner -- Safety Success in Korea: Leadership in Action reviews the aviation safety strategies in place in Korea that keep the accident rate there lower than in the Army at large; FY03 Aviation Safety Performance Review provides accident statistics for four helicopters and fixed wing aircraft; STACOMs are Back! provides trend information for the standardization of aircrew training programs that has ... |
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| Ethanol Origin in Postmortem Urine: An LC/MS Determination of Serotonin Metabolites |
NOV 2003 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Robert D. Johnson; Russell J. Lewis; Dennis V. Canfield; C. L. Blank; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| Specimens from fatal aviation accident victims are submitted to the FAA Civil Aerospace Medical Institute for toxicological analysis. During toxicological evaluations, ethanol analysis is performed on all cases. Care must be taken when interpreting a positive ethanol result due to the potential for postmortem ethanol formation. Several indicators of postmortem ethanol formation exist; however, none are completely reliable. The consumption of ethanol has been shown to alter the concentration of ... |
|
| Loss of Pitch Control on Takeoff Emery Worldwide Airlines, Flight 17 McDonnell Douglas DC-8-71F, N8079U Rancho Cordova, California, February 16, 2000 |
05 AUG 2003 |
122 pages |
| Authors:
NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD WASHINGTON DC
|
| On February 16, 2000, about 1951 Pacific standard time, Emery Worldwide Airlines, Inc., (Emery) flight 17, a McDonnell Douglas DC-8-7lF (DC-8) , N8079U, crashed in an automobile salvage yard shortly after takeoff, while attempting to return to Sacramento Mather Airport (MHR), Rancho Cordova, California, for an emergency landing. Emery flight 17 was operating under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 121 as a scheduled cargo flight ... |
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AVIATION ACCIDENTS
