| Investigation of ELF Signals Associated with Mine Warfare: A University of Idaho and Acoustic Research Detachment Collaboration |
30-Jun-2009 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Dennis Sullivan; Jeffrey L Young; Robert G Olsen; Christopher L Wagner; IDAHO UNIV MOSCOW
|
 | The questions that are being asked in this investigation are: (1) once an ELF signal is generated, how far does it propagate and still be detectable and (2) how can such signals be modeled, excited and measured? To this end, the scenario considered is one in which an ELF source of the electric or magnetic kind is located in or above water, such as a lake or ocean. This source ... |
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| Application of Cortical Processing Theory to Acoustical Analysis |
27 JUL 2007 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Oded Ghitza; SENSIMETRICS CORP SOMERVILLE MA
|
| We developed a computational model of diphone perception based on salient properties of peripheral and central auditory processing. The model comprises an efferent-inspired closed-loop model of the auditory periphery (PAM) connected to a template-matching circuit (TMC). Robustness against background noise is provided principally by the signal processing performed by the PAM, while insensitivity to time-scale variations is provided by properties of the TMC. The PAM parameters were determined in isolation ... |
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| An Initial Investigation of Factors Affecting Multi-Task Performance |
FEB 2007 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Tersa A. Branscome; Jennifer C. Swoboda; Linda T. Fatkin; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| This report presents the results of the first in a series of investigations designed to increase fundamental knowledge and understanding of the factors affecting multi-task performance in a military environment. The primary objective of this laboratory experiment was to measure and quantify the effects of individual differences on human performance in a multi-task environment. The secondary objective was to observe the effects of previous computer experience and practice and to ... |
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| Auditory Modeling as a Basis for Spectral Modulation Analysis with Application to Speaker Recognition |
31 JAN 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Tianyu T. Wang; Thomas F. Quatieri; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH LEXINGTON LINCOLN LAB
|
 | This report explores auditory modeling as a basis for robust automatic speaker verification. Specifically, we have developed feature-extraction front-ends that incorporate (1) time-varying, level-dependent filtering, (2) variations in analysis filter-bank size, and (3) nonlinear adaptation. Our methods are motivated both by a desire to better mimic auditory processing relative to traditional front-ends (e.g., the mel-cepstrum) as well as by reported gains in automatic speech recognition robustness exploiting similar principles. Traditional ... |
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| High Speed Vessel Medical Limited Objective Experiment, Noise Assessment and Noise Reducing Stethoscope Field Test |
26 AUG 2006 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph S. Russotti; Christopher Duplessis; NAVAL SUBMARINE MEDICAL RESEARCH LAB GROTON CT
|
| Throughout NSMRL's pursuit in making optimal use of auditory information in sonar displays, interference from airborne sound in the listening environment has been a major issue. NSMRL's success in using active noise cancellation to prevent masking by airborne sound has lead to the realization that shipboard spaces may be habitable by hearing-risk standards, but not operationally suitable for critical mission tasks. Digital sound processing has opened up the auditory detection, ... |
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| Effects of Tactile, Visual, and Auditory Cues About Threat Location on Target Acquisition and Attention to Visual and Auditory Communications |
AUG 2006 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Monica M. Glumm; Kathy L. Kehring; Timothy L. White; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| This study examined the effects of tactile, visual, and auditory (spatial language and three-dimensional [3-D] audio) cues about threat location on target acquisition and the recall of information presented in visual and auditory communications. On average, participants hit 98% of the targets presented when cued about the location of targets compared to 64% in a baseline condition (no cues). When target location cues were provided, time to first shot was ... |
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| The Effects of Slow Frame Rates on Human Performance |
JUN 2006 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Jennifer E. Thropp; Jessie Y. Chen; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| We conducted a comprehensive examination of the effects of different frame rates on human performance and reviewed more than 50 studies and summarized them in the areas of psychomotor performance, perceptual performance, behavioral effects, and subjective perception. Overall, there seems to be strong support for a threshold of around 15 Hz for many tasks, including those that are psychomotor and perceptual in nature. Less impressive yet acceptable performance may be ... |
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| Effects of Visual, Auditory, and Tactile Alerts on Platoon Leader Performance and Decision Making |
DEC 2005 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Andrea S. Krausman; Linda R. Elliott; Rodger A. Pettitt; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| The U.S. Army Future Combat System (FCS) proposes the use of advanced communications and technologies that will provide Soldiers with instant access to large amounts of information. Conveying information in a manner that enhances a Soldier's ability to manage the information and, in turn, increases his or her situational awareness is problematic, especially when one considers the high operational tempo, uncertainty, and stress of combat. Past research suggests that multi-sensory ... |
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| Effects of a Combined 3-D Auditory/visual Cueing System on Visual Target Detection Using a Helmet-Mounted Display |
AUG 2005 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Carlos Pinedo; Laurence Young; Robert Esken; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE DEPT OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS
|
| Past research has shown that spatial orientation and situational awareness benefits are related to the use of HMD symbology and increased performance with localized audio. The research on HMDs includes looking at the benefits of off-boresight symbology for target search and attaches tasks, developing a methodology for evaluating off-axis HMD ownship information, and the development and evaluation of the NDFR symbology for on/off-boresight viewing. The localized auditory research includes looking ... |
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| Hearing and Hearing Protection |
01 JUN 2005 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
A. L. Dancer; INSTITUT FRANCO-ALLEMAND DE RECHERCHES SAINT-LOUIS (FRANCE)
|
| We study the origin of the Noise-Induced Hearing Losses (NIHL) in relation to the morphology and the physiology of the ear. We describe the mechanical and metabolic effects of the noises on the inner ear and their consequences on hearing. We discuss the importance and the limitations of the protective mechanisms. Finally, we present new possibilities to protect the ear against noise and to treat the acoustic trauma. |
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| The Impact of Hearing Protection on Sound Localization and Orienting Behavior |
JUN 2005 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Brian D. Simpson; Robert S. Bolia; Richard L. McKinley; Douglas S. Brungart; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| The effect of hearing protection devices (HPDs) on sound localization was examined in the context of an auditory- cued visual search task. Participants were required to locate and identify a visual target in a field of 5, 20, or 50 visual distractors randomly distributed on the interior surface of a sphere. Four HPD conditions were examined: earplugs, earmuffs, both earplugs and earmuffs simultaneously, and no hearing protection. There was also ... |
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| A Comparison of Baseline Hearing Thresholds Between Pilots and Non-Pilots and the Effects of Engine Noise |
JUN 2005 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Dennis B. Beringer; Jr. Harris Howard C.; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| Observations in simulator studies suggested that the older segments of the general aviation pilot population were having difficulty hearing specific auditory warnings in the cockpit. These observations, in combination with data from Tobias (1968a; 1968b; 1972), prompted a reexamination of the hearing capabilities of pilots and non-pilots. In Phase 1, threshold data were collected for 150 non-pilots and 150 pilots using stratified age sampling. The usual higher-frequency decrements attributable to ... |
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| Design and Evaluation of Warning Sounds in Frigate Control Centres |
01 APR 2005 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Johan S. van Balken; Sander J. van Wijngaarden; TNO HUMAN FACTORS SOESTERBERG (NETHERLANDS) THERMAL PHYSIOLOGY GROUP
|
| In the ship control centre of the Air Defence and Command Frigates of the Royal Netherlands Navy, auditory warnings are used to indicate critical system conditions and dangerous situations. By means of subjective experiments, the suitability of the applied auditory warnings was assessed, and possible improvements were evaluated. It appeared that for one of the most urgent warning conditions (platform alarm) a less suitable auditory signal was applied, the perceived ... |
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| Detection and Identification of Simultaneous Communications in a Simulated Flying Task |
APR 2005 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Ken McAnally; Russell Martin; Jodie Doman; Geoff Eberle; Simon Parker; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION MELBOURNE (AUSTRALIA) AIR OPERATIONS DIV
|
| Operators of military flight vehicles are often required to attend to more than one source of communications signal. Previous research has shown that the intelligibility of a speech message in a background of speech distractors is improved if the signals are presented using a 3-dimensional (3-D) audio display rather than the traditional diotic configuration. However, whether infrequent target messages (e.g., callsigns) are more reliably detected in a continuous monitoring task ... |
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| Improving the Effectiveness of Communication Headsets with Active Noise Reduction: Influence of Control Structure |
APR 2005 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony J. Brammer; Donald R. Peterson; Martin G. Cherniack; Subhash Gullapalli; ENVIR-O-HEALTH SOLUTIONS OTTAWA (ONTARIO)
|
| For communication headsets equipped with active noise reduction (ANR), the performance of the control system may influence the communication signal reaching the ear. Conversely, the communication signal may perturb the operation of the ANR system. The interaction between the communication and control signals depends primarily on the control structure, and on the bandwidths and frequency responses of the signal channels. The effects are described for two circumaural communication headsets with ... |
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| Application of Cortical Processing Theory to Acoustical Analysis |
31 MAR 2005 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Oded Ghitza; Louis Braida; Messing; SENSIMETRICS CORP SOMERVILLE MA
|
| The overall goal of the STTR program is to formulate a template- matching operation, with perception-related rules of integration over time and frequency at its core, in the context of human perception of degraded speech. In particular, we aim at developing models of auditory processing capable of predicting consonant confusion by normally-hearing listeners, under a variety of acoustic distortions A prerequisite is to formulate the signal processing principles realized by ... |
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| Active Noise Control of Stageloader Noise in Longwall Mining |
10 FEB 2005 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Jeremy M. Slagley; Steven E. Guffey; WEST VIRGINIA UNIV MORGANTOWN DEPT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
|
| With the large-scale mechanization inherent to the mining industry, noise-induced hearing loss remains a major concern. As part of on-going efforts to develop engineering controls to reduce noise levels in longwall mining, active noise control experiments were conducted above ground on a modified non- working stageloader. Recorded underground stageloader noise was broadcast into the above ground stageloader. The result was an average 7 dBA reduction when the active noise control ... |
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| Application of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Techniques to Enhance Binary Target Detection and Decision-Making for Compromised Visual Images |
NOV 2004 |
104 pages |
| Authors:
D. W. Repperger; C. A. Phillips; C. D. Schrider; E. A. Smith; WRIGHT STATE UNIV DAYTON OH DEPT OF BIOMEDICAL AND HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING
|
| In an effort to improve decision-making on the identity of unknown objects appearing in visual images when the surrounding environment may be noisy and cluttered, a highly sensitive target detection scheme is developed employing nonlinear dynamical equations. It is first shown that the signal to noise ratio of this particular operation on rudimentary signals can be amplified by a factor of over one million. This means (for elementary signals) that ... |
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| Speech Music Discrimination Using Class-Specific Features |
Aug-2004 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Paul M Baggenstoss; Thomas Beierholm; NAVAL UNDERSEA WARFARE CENTER DIV NEWPORT RI
|
| In this paper the application of the class-specific features approach to classification is demonstrated for the problem of discriminating between speech and music. Feature extraction is class-specific and can therefore be tailored to each class meaning that segment size, model orders and the type of features used can be different for the classes. The performance of the discriminator is evaluated and an example of how classification is possible without training ... |
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| The Effects of Fatigue on Position Determination and Cognitive Workload Using a Visual and 3-Dimensional Auditory Display |
JUN 2004 |
101 pages |
| Authors:
Eric L. Brown; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This study compares the effects of a visual and a 3-dimensional auditory display on primary and secondary task performance, mood, and mental workload at incremental levels of sleep deprivation. It is based on a study conducted by the Army Research Laboratory, Cognitive Science Branch, Aberdeen, Maryland, from 12 Marines performing land navigational tasks in two helmet- mounted display (HMD) modes; visual and 3-dimensional auditory, for a 48 hour period. The ... |
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| An Initial Survey of National Airspace System Auditory Alarm Issues in Terminal Air Traffic Control |
APR 2003 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Vicki Ahlstrom; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION TECHNICAL CENTER ATLANTIC CITY NJ
|
| A researcher from the Research Development & Human Factors Laboratory of the William J. Hughes Technical Center conducted an exploratory study to examine current National Airspace System (NAS) auditory alarm issues. The purpose was to identify problem areas related to current auditory alarms and to collect opinions from the users on ways to improve auditory alarms in their work area. Based on availability, the participants were from the terminal (Air ... |
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| Auditory Peripheral Processing of Degraded Speech |
2003 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Oded Ghitza; SENSIMETRICS CORP SOMERVILLE MA
|
| This is a final report for a stand-alone grant supporting the first 9 months of a 4-year research program entitled "Auditory peripheral processing of degraded speech". The underlying thesis is that the auditory periphery contributes to the robust performance of humans in speech reception in noise through a concerted contribution of the efferent feedback system (which stabilizes the operating point of the cochlea) and post-auditory-nerve functions (such as acoustic-edge detectors). ... |
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| North Pacific Whale Calling Program |
31 DEC 2002 |
|
| Authors:
William A. Watkins; WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION MA
|
| This seventh year of monitoring calling whales via SOSUS hydrophones has continued to provide good data on the seasonal distribution blue, fin and humpback whales across the North Pacific. These data have allowed assessment of annual movements, environmental variability, and changes in call features. These data demonstrate (1) the occurrence and movements of calling components of the populations of these species in the offshore waters across the North Pacific, (2) ... |
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| Nonlinear Auditory Modeling as a Basis for Speaker Recognition |
17 MAY 2002 |
|
| Authors:
T. F. Quatieri; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH LEXINGTON LINCOLN LAB
|
| In this report, we develop a front-end nonlinear auditory model based on recent work of Dau, Puschel, and Kohlrausch (DPK) Dau, Puschel, and Kohlrausch, 1997. An important aspect of the model is the robust accentuation of temporal change in a signal at the cochlea level that forms the basis of a feature set for automatic speaker recognition. Preliminary speaker recognition experiments with the DPK front-end auditory model give performance close ... |
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| The Multi-Average Method to Accurately Estimate TEOAE Parameters |
25 OCT 2001 |
|
| Authors:
Li-Ping Yang; Shuenn-Tsong Young; Te-Son Kuo; NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIV TAIPEI DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
|
| This study proposed the multi-average method to estimate the TEOAE parameters more accurately. The correlation between repeated measurements (reproducibility) was evaluated to see the performance. Results showed that the standard deviations of the correlation estimated by the proposed method were smaller than those by the typical method. |
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| Digital Approach for Cochlea's Stimulation: A Programmable Micro Stimulator Driven by a Flexible Speech Processing |
25 OCT 2001 |
|
| Authors:
Ahmed B. Hamida; UNIVERSITY OF SFAX (TUNISIA) DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
|
| We describe in this work digital approach for cochlea's stimulation. This would concern the design of an electronic micro-stimulator as well as the speech processing dedicated to drive this device. The design was versatile and numerical, that's why this under-the-skin micro-stimulator could be adapted to any external sound analyzer that could be driven by a digital processor 'DSP'. The design includes a transmission bus for differentiating two main stages: the ... |
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| Investigation on Missing Fundamental by a Cochlea Model Generating Spontaneous Discharge |
25 OCT 2001 |
|
| Authors:
T. Matsuoka; T. Hoshi; UTSUNOMIYA UNIV (JAPAN) DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
|
| It is considered that the pitch(f(sub 0)) is produced in auditory centers when we hear a complex tone of f(sub 1) = n f(sub 0), and = f (sub 2) (n+1) f(sub 0). f(sub 0) is known as missing fundamental. By a cochlea model we try to make clear the mechanism how missing fundamental is generated. The following signal is applied to the cochlea model. a(sub 1)sin(2 delta f(sub l) ... |
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| Computer Simulations of Dorsal Cochlear Nucleus Neural Circuitry |
25 OCT 2001 |
|
| Authors:
K. E. Hancock; K. A. Davis; H. F. Voigt; MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY BOSTON EATON-PEABODY LAB
|
| The dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) is part of the first stage of auditory processing in the central nervous system. Experimental evidence has provided a conceptual model for a portion of the DCN neural circuit that serves as a basis for the computational model described in this paper, The model consists of four neural populations arranged tonotopically. The pattern of convergence from one population to another and the strengths of those ... |
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| Chirp and Click Evoked Auditory Steady State Responses |
25 OCT 2001 |
|
| Authors:
Yuce Hekimoglu; Ozcan Ozdamar; Rafael E. Delgado; MIAMI UNIV CORAL GABLES FL DEPT OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
|
| In this study, Auditory Steady State Responses (ASSR) to 100 microsec clicks and 4 msec cochlear chirps are recorded in adult subjects at repetition rates of 20 to 100Hz in 10 Hz increments, Response characteristics of ASSRs are compared in the frequency domain, Results show that response amplitudes to both stimuli peak in the proximity of 40 Hz and 80 Hz, but chirps generate responses with larger amplitudes at all ... |
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| Fast Acquisition of Otoacoustic Emissions by Means of Principal Component Analysis |
25 OCT 2001 |
|
| Authors:
P. Ravazzani; G. Tognola; M. Parazzini; F. Grandori; POLITECNICO DI MILANO (ITALY) BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
|
| Transient-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAE) are nonstationary acoustic signals coming from the inner ear after acoustic stimulation by clicks and they are applied as tools in newborn hearing screening programs to allow the early identification of hearing loss and the consequent diagnosis and intervention. In any screening program, the duration of each test is a crucial parameter. For TEOAE, it is strongly influenced by the acquisition procedure, typically based on classical ... |
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| Biological versus Subspace Methods in Sound Localization |
2001 |
85 pages |
| Authors:
Saurabh Dadu; MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK INST FOR SYSTEMS RESEARCH
|
| Sound localization is determining the location of sound sources using the measurements of the signals received by an array of sensors. Humans and animals possess the natural ability of localizing sound. Researchers have tried to model nature's way of solving this problem and have come up with different methods based on various neuro-physiological studies. Such methods are called biological methods. On the other hand, there is another community of researchers ... |
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| Communication and Localization with Hearing Protectors |
SEP 2000 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Richard L. McKinley; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| Hearing protectors are frequently used to preserve hearing when personnel are working in areas of high pulse and/or continuous noise. Speech communication and auditory localization are two important functions of the auditory system, which potentially are impeded when circumaural and/or insert hearing protectors are used. This paper describes the measured effects of hearing protectors on speech communication and auditory localization. The effects on auditory localization include interactions with the visual ... |
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| Auditory Processing During Head Movements |
AUG 2000 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
William A. Yost; LOYOLA UNIV OF CHICAGO IL PARMLY HEARING INST
|
| The first experiments to measure head movements while subjects are localizing sounds they can hear and see and sounds they can only hear have been completed, and the results of these experiments were presented at the June meeting of the Acoustical Society of America (Yost and Mapes-Riordan, 1997). We have developed a new methodology for investigating precedence-like effects (Stellmack, Dye, and Guzman, 1998). We studied the role of maskng tin ... |
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| Effects of Diving on Auditory Sensitivity of California Sea Lions (Zalophus Californianus) |
31 MAY 2000 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald J. Schusterman; CALIFORNIA UNIV SANTA CRUZ LONG MARINE LAB
|
| We obtained underwater hearing thresholds from a male California sea lion at frequencies of 2.5, 6, 10, and 35 kHz, and at depths of 10, 50, and 100 m. Results showed systematic changes in response bias with changes in depth; false alarm probabilities decreased significantly with depth, indicating that the sea lion adopted a more conservative response criterion in deeper water. Sensitivity at frequencies below ... |
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| Cockpit Automation and Mode Confusion: The Use of Auditory Inputs for Error Mitigation |
APR 2000 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
Charles F. Spencer Jr; AIR COMMAND AND STAFF COLL MAXWELL AFB AL
|
| The application of computer technology in modern cockpits has resulted in sophisticated automation that has created situations of mode confusion where the pilot is uncertain about the status or behavior of cockpit automation. Based on current levels of cockpit automation, classifications of mode confusion, and clinical knowledge concerning human cognitive and attentive processes, could an audible attention step help mitigate unrecognized mode error? The Software-Hardware-Environment-Liveware model forms a framework for ... |
|
| Georgetown Institute for Cognitive and Computational Sciences |
MAR 2000 |
104 pages |
| Authors:
Alan I. Faden; GEORGETOWN UNIV WASHINGTON DC MEDICAL CENTER
|
| The Institute's major focus areas are: (1) brain injury and plasticity; (2) higher auditory processing and language; (3) computational neuroscience; and (4) drug discovery. Research in humans uses functional brain imaging and cognitive psychology to examine how the human brain deals with complex sounds, particularly those relating to speech. These studies address not only normal language processing but also disorders of speech/language, including developmental and acquired ... |
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| Evaluation of the SNAPSHOT 3D Head-Related Transfer Functions Measurement System |
NOV 1998 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas S. Brungart; W. T. Nelson; Robert Bolia; Robert Tannen; CINCINNATI UNIV OH
|
| The SNAPSHOT MX is a system designed to collect individualized Head- Related Transfer Functions (HRTFS) quickly and efficiently in non-anechoic rooms. The system, which consists of a signal processing workstation, a speaker stand, and a pair of microphones that are inserted into the ears of the subject, uses Golay codes to measure the time-domain impulse response of the transfer function from the speaker to the in-ear ... |
|
| Georgetown Institute for Cognitive and Computational Sciences |
NOV 1998 |
140 pages |
| Authors:
Robert S. Ledley; NATIONAL BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH FOUNDATIONWASHINGTON DC
|
| GICCS is a multidisciplinary neuroscience research institute whose mission is to understand higher cognitive function-both under normal and pathological conditions. Its major focus areas are: higher auditory processing and language; brain injury and plasticity; computational neuroscience; and drug discovery. GICCS faculty have continued to elucidate the complex mechanisms of higher auditory processing in experimental animals, from bats to primates. Parallel research in humans, using functional brain imaging and cognitive psychology, ... |
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| AASERT: Influence of Multisensory Stimulation on Ocular Motor Performance |
31 AUG 1998 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph M. Furman; PITTSBURGH UNIV PA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| Pilot studies were conducted to begin to explore the influence of moving auditory environments on standing balance control. The pilot study showed that within the paradigm presented, auditory information had little, if any effect on postural sway. |
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| Sound Basics: A Primer in Psychoacoustics |
AUG 1998 |
199 pages |
| Authors:
Bartholomew Elias; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE
|
| This report contains materials for human factors professionals who may on occasion be called upon to provide consultation on psychoacoustic problems such as the assessment of occupational and residential noise exposure, prediction of speech intelligibility in noisy environments, and the design and integration of auditory displays. Users of the materials are expected to have a basic understanding of algebraic notation and problem solving and logarithms, but need not have any ... |
|
| Long-term Stability of Listening Strategies Determined by MDS |
01 MAY 1998 |
68 pages |
| Authors:
K. Precoda; T. Meng; STANFORD UNIV PALO ALTO CA
|
| Multidimensional scaling techniques can be used to convert perceptions of (dis)similarity to psychological maps, by treating (dis) similarity ratings as ordinal scale distance estimates. In this study, listeners were asked to rate the dissimilarity of pairs of compressed versions of instrumental music phrases on two occasions separated by approximately one year, and the recovered psychological maps were compared to assess their stability over time. Results indicate that such maps derived ... |
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| Monitoring the Simultaneous Presentation of Spatialized Speech Signals in a Virtual Acoustic Environment |
1998 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
W. T. Nelson; Robert S. Bolia; Mark A. Ericson; Richard L. McKinley; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE
|
| The effect of spatial auditory information on a listener's ability to detect, identify, and monitor multiple simultaneous speech signals was evaluated using virtual audio technology. Factorial combinations of three variables - the number of localized speech signals, the location of the speech signals around the horizontal plane, and the sex of the talker - were employed using a within- subjects design. Participants were required to detect the presentation of a ... |
|
| Georgetown Institute for Cognitive and Computational Sciences |
DEC 97 |
151 pages |
| Authors:
Robert S. Ledley; NATIONAL BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH FOUNDATIONWASHINGTON DC
|
| GICCS faculty has begun a major initiative to elucidate the complex mechanisms of higher auditory processing. Species with specialized hearing, such as bats, are used as models for complex sound processing and compared to those using cats and primates, which also use acoustic signals as a primary means of communication. Parallel research in humans using functional brain imaging and cognitive psychology examine how the human brain deals with complex sounds, ... |
|
| Source Localisation using Lloyd's Mirror Fringes on Narrowband Lines |
OCT 97 |
|
| Authors:
Paul R. Lewis; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION CANBERRA (AUSTRALIA)
|
| The analysis of the Lloyd's mirror interference of multiple narrowband lines from a sound source obtained with a single sensor is considered. A straightforward global least squares optimisation is discussed. The analysis is based on a straight line trajectory model of the source motion, and is configured for any range independent propagating medium. Two methods are proposed, each being based on a discrete optimisation on a predefined parameter grid. These ... |
|
| Auditory Pattern Memory and Group Signal Detection |
30 SEP 1997 |
72 pages |
| Authors:
Robert D. Sorkin; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| This project examined how human listeners discriminate temporal patterns and how groups of human observers detect signals presented on complex visual displays. The experiments with temporally-coded auditory patterns showed how listeners' attention is influenced by the position and the amount of information carried by different segments of the pattern. Analyses of group signal detection included mathematical analyses, computer simulations, and human experiments. These analyses specified the effects on performance of ... |
|
| Spatial Disparity Effects on Reaction Times to Dual Auditory and Visual Stimuli |
07 MAY 97 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
Lawrence K. Harrington; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| The purpose of this study was to more thoroughly determine how spatial disparity effects saccadic reaction times to dual, auditory and visual, stimuli. In addition I sought to find out how spatially disparate the stimuli could be while maintaining evidence for neural summation. I had the long term goal, once I had demonstrated the legitimacy of technique, of mapping fields of multisensory neural summation. |
|
| Personal Microwave and Radio Frequency Detector |
06 MAY 1997 |
|
| Authors:
Richard G. Olsen; John R. Forstall; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
| A self-contained personal microwave and RF detector, which includes, inter alia, the housing and associated electronics of a standard hearing aid, is configured to produce an audible indication to a wearer thereof in response to electromagnetic fields of dangerously high levels within predetermined frequency ranges. |
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| Acquired Resistance to Impulse Noise |
MAY 97 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Donald Henderson; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO AMHERST
|
| Previous experiments have shown that the mammalians auditory system can be made more resistant to the traumatic effects of noise exposure by having the subject exposed to a lower level, prophylactic noise. This set of experiments was designed to see if the acquired resistance phenomenon could be adapted to protect soldiers. The specific experiments used chinchillas and focused on several questions: does the acquired resistance to noise (ARN) protect them ... |
|
| Symbol Development Guidelines for Airway Facilities |
MAR 97 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Dan Wagner; Michael Snyder; Lisa Dutra; Nancy Dolan; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION TECHNICAL CENTER ATLANTIC CITY NJ
|
| This document presents a general methodology for developing Airway Facilities (AF) symbols and provides guidelines for the coding of visual symbols and auditory signals. Coding refers to the characteristics of a symbol that developers can change to improve its interpretation or message content. These coding guidelines should not be considered exhaustive but rather represent a compilation of the most important items to consider when developing visual or auditory symbols. The ... |
|
| Representation of Complex Spectra in Auditory Cortex |
01-Jan-1997 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Didier Depireux; Shihab Shamma; Jonathan Simon; MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK INST FOR SYSTEMS RESEARCH
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| Natural sounds are broadband and dynamic. To understand their encoding in primary auditory cortex (AI), we have characterized the responses of units in AI with elementary versions of such spectra moving ripples. Ripples are broadband sounds with a sinusoidal envelope along the log frequency axis, that move up or down with a constant velocity. Speech spectra can be decomposed into a superposition of ripples with different densities and velocities. If ... |
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AUDITORY SIGNALS
