| Climate Analysis and Long Range Forecasting of Radar Performance in the Western North Pacific |
01-Jun-2009 |
115 pages |
| Authors:
David Ramsaur; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
 | The ability to predict the evaporation duct has important applications for naval activities, such as electronic counter-measures, surveillance, communications, and radar detection and tracking of submarine periscopes, low-flying missiles, aircraft, and surface combatants. This study addresses two major research questions: 1. Can state-of-the-science data sets, models, and methods be used to create more accurate and useful climatologies of atmospheric radar propagation? 2. Can skillful long range forecasts (LRFs) of evaporation ... |
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| Calibrated Mid-wave Infrared (IR) (MidIR) and Long-wave IR (LWIR) Stokes and Degree-of-Liner Polarization (DOLP) |
01-Sep-2008 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Melvin Felton; Kristan P Gurton; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| We present radiometric and polarimetric calibrated imagery recorded in both the mid-wave infrared (IR) (MidIR) and long-wave IR (LWIR) as a function of diurnal variation over several multiday periods. We compare differences in polarimetric and conventional thermal imagery for both IR atmospheric transmission windows, i.e., the 3-5 mu and 8-12 mu regions. Meteorological parameters measured during the study include temperature, relative humidity, wind speed/direction, precipitation, and ambient atmospheric IR loading. ... |
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| Air-Sea Stability Effects on the 10 m Winds Over the Global Ocean: Evaluations of Air-Sea Flux Algorithms |
09 APR 2008 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Ahmet B. Kara; Alan J. Wallcraft; Mark A. Bourassa; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| Spatial and temporal variability of the impact of air-sea stratification on the differences between satellite-derived 10 m equivalent neutral wind speeds and stability-dependent (e.g., in situ) 10 m wind speeds are quantitatively examined over the global ocean. The influences of stability are compared with three air-sea flux algorithms, Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (version 3.0), Bourassa-Vincent-Wood, and Liu-Katsaros-Businger. Analyses are first presented at many individual buoy locations and then are extended ... |
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| Performance of Hybrid Eulerian-Lagrangian Semi-Implicit Time-Integrators for Nonhydrostatic Mesoscale Atmospheric Modeling |
SEP 2007 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas J. De Luca; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| In this thesis, the performance and accuracy of explicit, semi-implicit, and Hybrid Eulerian-Lagrangian Semi-Implicit (HELSI) time-integration methods for use in atmospheric modeling are examined. Four test cases are analyzed: A density current, an inertial gravity wave, a rising thermal bubble, and a hydrostatic mountain wave. Strict attention is paid to computational time, stability criteria, and accuracy. The project aims to show increased efficiency using the HELSI method over semi implicit ... |
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| Controlled Precipitation of Radiation Belt Particles |
23 AUG 2007 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Umran S. Inan; Timothy F. Bell; Timothy W. Chevalier; STANFORD UNIV CA SPACE TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND RADIOSCIENCE LAB (STAR)
|
| The Air Force Grant documented here directly resulted in the purchase of hardware eight VLF receivers. Five of these receivers have been deployed successfully and are operating regularly and reliably. The remaining are pending imminent deployment. The new receiver sites have enabled Stanford to jumpstart a fully-funded THY program, with funds from Stanford University and NASA, which will enable a great expansion of this network, and in addition, provides a ... |
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| Atmospheric Chemistry of Toxic Industrial Chemicals (Briefing Slides) |
11-Jan-2007 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Michael V Henley; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB TYNDALL AFB FL MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
|
| Large releases of volatile toxic industrial chemicals (TICs), either intentionally or unintentionally, pose serious threats to both military and civilian populations and operations. To predict and model the transport of any TIC requires some detailed information about its reactivity in the atmosphere. To understand the ultimate fate of a TIC, it is important to know how it is transformed during atmospheric transport and dispersion. Reactivity and fate can be addressed ... |
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| Computational Nonlinear Optics: Femtosecond Atmospheric Light String Applications |
20 SEP 2006 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Jerome V. Moloney; E. M. Wright; J. C. Diels; M. Brio; M. Kolesik; ARIZONA UNIV BOARD OF REGENTS TUCSON
|
| The main technical achievement of the project was the development of a comprehensive vector Maxwell unidirectional laser pulse propagator to accurately simulate intense ultra-short atmospheric light strings, white-light super-continuum generation across a broad landscape of applications, short range THz emission from plasma channels left in the wake of critically-collapsing light strings, nonlinear X- and O-wave generation in air, water and condensed matter and super-continuum shaping in sub-micron diameter fiber cores ... |
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| Atmospheric Retrieval Algorithms for Long-Wave Infrared and Solar Radiance Scenarios |
JUN 2006 |
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| Authors:
Michelle Hackett; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION EDINBURGH (AUSTRALIA) INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE AND RECONNAISSANCE DIV
|
 | Atmospheric retrieval is the extraction of atmospheric data from spectral radiance, as observed at a remote sensor. In particular, consider the retrieval of temperature and humidity profiles, and aerosol size distribution and the scattering refractive index from long-wave infrared and solar radiance spectra, respectively. The application of retrieval, in this report, primarily involves inversion of a radiative transfer equation (RTE). However, due to the ill-posed nature of the problem and ... |
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| Turbine Aerothermal Research |
APR 2006 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Rolf Sondergaard; Suichuan Ou; Richard B. Rivir; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| This is a summary of the work performed under Job Order Number 2307S315. This was an in-house task funded under AFOSR ILIR grants 92PR07COR and 02PR02COR. This task and its predecessors have been in continual operation since 1985 and have covered a broad range of topics relating to the aerodynamics and thermodynamics of the turbine module of gas turbine engines. The work initially focused on the effects of very high ... |
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| Development and Evolution of Cirrus in a Mesoscale Model |
MAR 2006 |
79 pages |
| Authors:
Michael M. Lewis; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF METEOROLOGY
|
| Cirrus cloud forecasting is of particular importance to various Department of Defense programs. This thesis takes a case study approach to study Air Force Weather Agency Mesoscale Model 5 (AFWA MM5) skill in forecasting cirrus clouds, which are not represented explicitly by the model (ice water mixing ratio is used as a surrogate.) Two cases are selected for study. For each case, an initial forecast time of interest is determined ... |
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| Use of the Vis-SWIR to Aid Atmospheric Correction of Multispectral and Hyperspectral Thermal Infrared (TIR) Imagery: The TIR Model |
2006 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
John Gruninger; Marsha Fox; Jamine Lee; Anthony J. Ratkowski; Michael L. Hoke; SPECTRAL SCIENCES INC BURLINGTON MA
|
| The atmospheric correction of thermal infrared (TIR) imagery involves the combined tasks of separation of atmospheric transmittance, downwelling flux and upwelling radiance from the surface material spectral emissivity and temperature. The problem is ill posed and is thus hampered by spectral ambiguity among several possible feasible combinations of atmospheric temperature, constituent profiles, and surface material emissivities and temperatures. For many materials, their reflectance spectra in the Vis-SWIR provide a means ... |
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| Daytime Detection of Space Objects |
MAR 2005 |
106 pages |
| Authors:
Alistair D. Funge; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Space Situational Awareness (SSA) requires repeated object updates for orbit accuracy. Detection of unknown objects is critical. A daytime model was developed that evaluated sun flares and assessed thermal emissions from space objects. Iridium satellites generate predictable sun glints. These were used as a model baseline for daytime detections. Flares and space object thermal emissions were examined for daytime detection. A variety of geometric, material and atmospheric characteristics affected this ... |
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| Creation of Visible Artificial Optical Emissions in the Aurora by High- Power Radio Waves |
03 FEB 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Todd R. Pedersen; Elizabeth A. Gerken; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB HANSCOM AFB MA SPACE VEHICLES DIRECTORATE
|
| Generation of artificial light in the sky by means of high-power radio waves interacting with the ionspheric plasma has been envisaged since the early days of radio exploration of the upper atmosphere, with proposed applications ranging from regional night-time street lighting to atmospheric measurements. Weak optical emissions have been produced for decades in such ionospheric "heating" experiments, where they serve as key indicators of electron acceleration, thermal heating, and other ... |
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| Overview of NRL's Maritime Laser Communication Test Facility |
2005 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher I. Moore; Harris R. Burris; William S. Rabinovich; Linda Wasiczko; Michele R. Suite; Lee A. Swingen; Rita Mahon; Mena F. Stell; G. C. Gilbreath; William J. Scharpf; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC ADVANCED SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY BRANCH
|
| NRL has established a 20 mile round trip laser communication test facility across the Chesapeake Bay for investigating lasercomm performance in a maritime environment. Experiments at this facility have successfully demonstrated links at data rates up to 2.5 Gbps and at lower rates in light rain and fog. This facility is currently being upgraded to allow long term monitoring of a one-way 10 mile link across the Bay. Parameters monitored ... |
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| Measurements of Intensity Scintillations and Probability Density Functions of Retroreflected Broadband 980-nm Laser Light in Atmospheric Turbulence |
NOV 2004 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Frederic M. Davidson; Stephane Bucaille; G. C. Gilbreath; Eun Oh; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
|
| Intensity scintillation variances and intensity probability density functions (PDFs) were experimentally measured for broadband (2 nm), 980-nm laser light reflected by two or more corner cube retroreflectors as a function of retroreflector lateral spacing over a short (75 m) atmospheric optical path. The PDFs transitioned from broad doublepeaked beta-shaped densities to lognormal as the retroreflector spacing was increased to exceed the optical field's lateral coherence length. Specific spacing for a ... |
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| Mathematical Description of the OMNIS Satellite Orbit Generation Program (OrbGen) |
OCT 2004 |
173 pages |
| Authors:
James W. O'Toole; NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER DAHLGREN DIV VA
|
| This document discusses the mathematical procedures used in the OMNIS orbit generation program. It provides a detailed description of the top-level procedures used for the numerical integration, references all of the force models employed and discusses those force models that have a substantial impact on the integration technique chosen. The document attempts to discuss the mathematics of the orbit integration but does not discuss the details of the implementation into ... |
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| BST Graphics Platform |
14 JUL 2004 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen J. Dow; ALABAMA UNIV IN HUNTSVILLE
|
| The SED Basic Skills Trainers (BST), which display targets moving over a background terrain scene, use a layer of graphics software we call the graphics platform to deal with the low-level construction of each video frame. The graphics platform used in the trainers fielded to date was mostly developed in the late 1990s and has limited ability to handle dynamic effects such as atmospheric obscurants and cannot perform continuous zoom. ... |
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| Real Time RF Propagation Simulation Support for AFSOR |
24 JUN 2004 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen A. Fast; C. C. Marston; REMCOM INC STATE COLLEGE PA
|
| Recent research activities have been conducted to define the propagation and attenuation of communications signals through the atmosphere. These have, to a certain extent, allowed for the consideration of numerous factors, including multipath, ducting, diffraction, terrain, and weather phenomena. The Air Force Flight Test Center and the Navy Air Combat Environment, Test and Engineering Facility both require the capability to accurately represent the "real world" atmospheric propagation of communications signals ... |
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| Water Vapor Retrieval Using the FLAASH Atmospheric Correction Algorithm |
16 APR 2004 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Gerald W. Felde; Gail P. Anderson; James A. Gardner; Stephen M. Alder- Golden; Michael W. Matthew; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB HANSCOM AFB MA SPACE VEHICLES DIRECTORATE
|
| FLAASH (Fast Line-of-Sight Atmospheric Analysis of Spectral Hypercubes) is a first-principles atmospheric correction algorithm for visible to shortwave infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral data. The algorithm consists of two main steps. The first is retrieval of atmospheric parameters, visibility (which is related to the aerosol type and distribution) and column water vapor. The second step is solving the radiation transport equation for the given aerosol and column water and transformation to surface ... |
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| Coupling Simulated Ocean Reflectance to the Atmospheric Correction of Hyperspectral Images |
31 MAR 2004 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
W. P. Bissett III; FLORIDA ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INST TAMPA FL
|
| Ocean hyperspectral remote sensing is more difficult than terrestrial hyperspectral remote sensing. The difficulties stem from two major differences between oceanic and terrestrial systems. The first is in the "darkness" of the ocean target versus the terrestrial target. The second is in the spectral differences in the reflectance, particularly in the near infrared (NIR). While these factors were known qualitatively, this program focused on the quantification of the importance of ... |
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| MODTRAN5: A Reformulated Atmospheric Band Model with Auxiliary Species and Practical Multiple Scattering Options |
2004 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Alexander Berk; Gail P. Anderson; Prabhat K. Acharya; Lawrence S. Bernstein; Marsha Fox; SPECTRAL SCIENCES INC BURLINGTON MA
|
| The MODTRAN5 radiation transport (RT) model is a major advancement over earlier versions of the MODTRAN atmospheric transmittance and radiance model. The new model's features include the following: (1) finer spectral resolution via the Spectrally Enhanced Resolution MODTRAN (SERTRAN) molecular band model, (2) a fully coupled treatment of auxiliary molecular species, and (3) a rapid and high-fidelity multiple scattering (MS) option. The finer spectral resolution improves model accuracy, especially in ... |
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| Fetch-Limited Wind Wave Generation on the Continental Shelf |
DEC 2003 |
93 pages |
| Authors:
Kristen P. Watts; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The growth of wind waves in coastal areas is limited by the fetch. Understanding this sheltering effect of the coastline on the nearshore wave climate is of critical importance for Navy operations (e,g, amphibious assault and mine countermeasures) in shallow water. Whilst the effect of fetch limitation on the development of the wave field is well understood, the effects of bottom topography, the presence of swell and its interaction with ... |
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| Turbulence Parameterizations for Convective Boundary Layers in High- Resolution Mesoscale Models |
DEC 2003 |
160 pages |
| Authors:
Michelle K. Whisenhant; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF METEOROLOGY
|
| Several issues associated with grid resolution and the sub-grid scale (SGS) parameterizations in a mesoscale model are addressed in this study. Of particular concern is related to increasingly high-resolution mesoscale atmospheric numerical models, in that sub-grid scale parameterization of atmospheric processes becomes unclear when the grid resolution becomes comparable to the length scale of the phenomenon. These issues are studied through the careful analysis of in situ observations and mesoscale ... |
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| Optical Air Flow Measurements in Flight (Mesures optiques de l'ecoulement aerodynamique en vol) |
DEC 2003 |
|
| Authors:
R. K. Bogue; H. W. Jentink; NATO RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATION NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE (FRANCE)
|
| Providing an introductory practical overview of in-flight optical flow measurement techniques is the goal of this AGARDograph. This document is written for instrumentation engineer or research scientist having a need for making non-intrusive flow measurements on an aircraft. It is hoped that this document will be particularly useful for the technologist with a limited background in optical theory and limited experience in applying optical technology. The experience of the authors ... |
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| Using Rapid Environmental Assessment to Improve the Hazard Prediction and Assessment Capability for Weapons of Mass Destruction |
DEC 2003 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Victor B. Ross III; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF METEOROLOGY
|
| The Oceanographer of% the Navy is responsible for the environmental data portion of the "4-D cube". This is a new concept that creates a Virtual Natural Environment that must be capable of rapid environmental updates. This research investigates using in situ atmospheric measurements to improve the performance of the Navy mesoscale model, Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System. These enhanced, operational model forecasts are used to supply atmospheric forcing to a ... |
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| Influence of Wavelength on the Parameterization of Drag Coefficient and Surface Roughness |
31 OCT 2003 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Paul A. Hwang; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| Surface waves are the roughness element of the ocean surface, the air-sea interaction processes are influenced by the wave conditions. The dynamic influence of surface waves decays exponentially with distance from the air-water interface. The relevant length scale characterizing the decay rate is the wavelength. The parameterization of drag coefficient and surface roughness can be significantly improved by using wavelength as the reference length scale of atmospheric measurements. The wavelength ... |
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| Analysis and Measurement of Cloud Free Line of Sight and Related Cloud Statistical Behavior |
JUN 2003 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Janet E. Shields; Monette E. Karr; Art R. Burden; Richard W. Johnson; Justin G. Baker; SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY LA JOLLA CA MARINE PHYSICAL LAB
|
| The Atmospheric Optics Group at the Marine Physical Lab, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, has been developing Whole Sky Imagers (WSI) for many years. A Day/Night WSI which had 24- hour a day capability was initially developed in the early 1990's, and has been significantly upgraded in capability since that time. One of these instruments, Day/Night WSI Unit 2, was delivered to the Air Force Starfire ... |
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| Atmospheric Surface Layer Characterization: Preliminary Desert Lapse Rate Study 22-25 August 2000 |
MAY 2003 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Doyle S. Elliott; Gail Vaucher; Jimmy Yarbrough; David Quintis; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM
|
| Results of the August 2000 Desert Lapse Rate (DLR) Experiment are presented. The DLR Experiment was performed to document the night-to-day transition effects on the desert Atmospheric Surface Layer (ASL). During the DLR Experiment, simultaneous 32 m and 2 m thermodynamic and wind data were gathered 2 hrs prior to, through 2 hrs after sunrise. Solar radiation data were also gathered over the Experimental Period. A GPS radiosonde was launched ... |
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| Surface Layer Flux Sources and Parameterization Failure in Stable Conditions from CASES-99 Data Analysis: Impacts of Intermittent Turbulence its Sources and a Proposed Solution |
17 APR 2003 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
NORTHWEST RESEARCH ASSOCIATES INC BELLEVUE WA
|
| This work is comprised of a comprehensive investigation of the evolution and stability of and the turbulent mixing and fluxes within, the stable nocturnal boundary layer (NBL) using the Cooperative Atmosphere-Surface Exchange Study (CASES) instrumented site in south central Kansas and the greatly enhanced in-situ instrumentation to be deployed during CASES-99. It was motivated by the need to establish the role of the NBL and phenomena within the NBL in ... |
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| User Manual for the Microsoft Window Edition of the Scanning Fast-Field Program (WSCAFFIP) Version 3.0 |
JAN 2003 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
John M. Noble; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD
|
| The Scanning Past-Field Program (SCAFFIP) is an atmospheric acoustic propagation model that incorporates many of the effects of the environment on the sound field such as geometrical spreading, refraction, diffraction, molecular absorption, and complex ground impedance. SCAFFIP provides the user with the attenuation levels with range and frequency for a given geometry and meteorological profile. The meteorological profile and geometry provides the model with the ability to calculate the sound ... |
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| High-Resolution S-band Profiling of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer |
04 NOV 2002 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen J. Frasier; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV AMHERST DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
|
| An S-Band FMCW atmospheric radar was constructed, tested, and operated during the 1999 Cooperative Atmosphere Surface Exchange Study nocturnal boundary layer experiment (CASES-99). There the radar system provided real-time guidance to research aircraft and other sensors in locating gradients and turbulent layers. We participated in three subsequent CASES workshops and submitted a journal paper describing the instrument and initial CASES results. Finally, we have performed coordinated observations with the TEP ... |
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| Aerosol Optical Depth Retrieval With AVIRIS Data: A Test of Tafkaa |
SEP 2002 |
57 pages |
| Authors:
James O. Rasure; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Using solar wavelength radiance data obtained from the airborne AVIRIS instrument, during the LEO experiment, an analysis of aerosol optical depth (AOD) was completed using Tafkaa - a program developed by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). The objective of the analysis was to compare Tafkaa- retrieved AOD with AOD retrieved from SeaWiFS, and ground-based sun photometers. The intent of the study was to test enhanced AOD analysis using the hyperspectral ... |
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| A New Understanding of Chemical Agent Release |
29 JUL 2002 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Glen Nakafuji; Roxana Greenman; Theo Theofanous; LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LAB CA
|
| The evolution of thickened chemical agent released at supersonic velocities, due to a missile defense intercept or a properly functioning warhead, has been misunderstood. Current and historical experimental and modeling efforts have attributed agent breakup to a variety of droplet breakup mechanisms. According to this model, drops of agent fragment into subsequent generations of smaller drops until a stable drop size is reached. Recent experimental data conducted in a supersonic ... |
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| Automatization System for Aerophysical Experiments |
JUL 2002 |
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| Authors:
V . M. Gilyov; V. I. Zapryagaev; V. I. Zvegintsev; V. V. Garkusha; B. N. Pishchik; RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES NOVOSIBIRSK INST OF THEORETICAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS
|
| In connection with the wide introduction of personal computers, as well with the obvious obsolescence and physical degradation of available data acquisition facilities, there was posed a problem to develop a next-generation automated system for aerophysical studies based on modern electronic modules, computers and telecommunication means and employing advanced software facilities and technologies. |
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| Inverse Problem Research to Improve the Global Positioning System |
20 JUN 2002 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Brian DeFacio; MISSOURI UNIV-COLUMBIA DEPT OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY
|
| This is the Final Report of a three year (plus no-cost extension) research grant to study GPS. Techniques used were developed on earlier AFOSR/NM grants, and include inverse problems, wavelets, information theory, and geodesy. This project developed new signal processing methods, either: (1) to improve the accuracy of the GPS, (2) to generalize GPS to other planets and moons in our solar system or even beyond, or (3) to detect ... |
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| Analysis of Dual-Band Infrared Imagery from the Multidomain Smart Sensor Field Test |
JUN 2002 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
A. Goldberg; T. Fisher; S. Kennerly; S. Der; A. Chan; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD
|
| Included is dual-band infrared image data collected as part of the Multi-domain Smart Sensor effort at the U. S. Army Research Laboratory. The ultimate goal of this effort is to produce large format, staring focal plane arrays that are able to see the battlefield in both the 3 to 5 m (midwave infrared) and 8 to 12 m (longwave infrared) atmospheric transmission windows. The image data were collected using separate ... |
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| A Study of Sporadic E Layer Chemistry |
01 MAY 2002 |
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| Authors:
John M. Plane; UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA NORWICH (UNITED KINGDOM) SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
|
| Sporadic E layers in the lower thermosphere play a very important role in radio communications. The lifetimes of these transient layers are largely controlled by the ion-molecule chemistry of metallic ions, particularly iron (Fe), that are produced by meteoric ablation. The aim of this project was to study the role of atomic oxygen in controlling the rate at which Fe(+) ions are neutralised. The rate coefficients for the reactions of ... |
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| Use of Turbulent Eddy Profiler in Making Atmospheric Boundary Layer Measurements |
12 MAR 2002 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
D. H. Schaubert; S. J. Frasier; J. R. Carswell; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV AMHERST
|
| Following the purchase of a new TEP data acquisition system, TEP was deployed, along with UMass' FMCW profiler, during the CASES'99 Nocturnal Boundary Layer experiment near Leon, KS. During and following the experiment, several problems were identified in the new data acquisition system, and transmitter. During 2000, data acquisition problems were debugged, and a replacement transmitter was obtained in Spring 2001. TEP and the FMCW were deployed at a local ... |
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| Non-Equilibrium Radiative Transfer in Structured Atmospheres |
2002 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
R. H. Picard; J. R. Winick; P. P. Wintersteiner; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
|
| The nonequilibrium middle and upper atmosphere are very dynamic regions that are structured vertically and horizontally by the presence of persistent temperature inversion layers and by the passage of both atmospheric gravity waves and transient frontal disturbances or bores. The infrared emissions from this part of the atmosphere are already typically not in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) and are further perturbed by the presence of this pervasive atmospheric structure. The ... |
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| 2000 Physical Acoustics Summer School (PASS 00). Volume III: Background Materials |
30 SEP 2001 |
155 pages |
| Authors:
Henry E. Bass; Elizabeth A. Furr; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PHYSICAL ACOUSTICS UNIVERSITY MS
|
| Volume I of the Proceedings of the 2000 Physical Acoustics Summer School contains verbatim transcriptions of the lectures given at the summer school. Volume II of these proceedings contains copies of the transparencies used by the lecturers and Volume III contains background materials that were sent to student and discussion leader participants prior to the summer school. |
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| 2000 Physical Acoustics Summer School (PASS 00). Volume I: Transcripts |
30 SEP 2001 |
519 pages |
| Authors:
Henry E. Bass; Elizabeth A. Furr; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PHYSICAL ACOUSTICS UNIVERSITY MS
|
| Volume I of the Proceedings of the 2000 Physical Acoustics Summer School contains verbatim transcriptions of the lectures given at the summer school. Volume II of these proceedings contains copies of the transparencies used by the lecturers and Volume III contains background materials that were sent to student and discussion leader participants prior to the summer school. |
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| 2000 Physical Acoustics Summer School (PASS 00). Volume II: transparencies |
30 SEP 2001 |
530 pages |
| Authors:
Henry E. Bass; Elizabeth A. Furr; NATIONAL CENTER FOR PHYSICAL ACOUSTICS UNIVERSITY MS
|
| Volume I of the Proceedings of the 2000 Physical Acoustics Summer School contains verbatim transcriptions of the lectures given at the summer school. Volume II of these proceedings contains copies of the transparencies used by the lecturers and Volume III contains background materials that were sent to student and discussion leader participants prior to the summer school. |
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| Adjustment of Offshore Flow |
17 SEP 2001 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Larry Mahrt; OREGON STATE UNIV CORVALLIS COLL OF OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
|
| We have analyzed a variety of offshore data sets to study the fluxes of heat and momentum between the sea surface and the atmosphere in the coastal zone. We have found that the vertical structure of atmospheric offshore flow is much more complex than previously thought, especially in the case of advection of warm air from land over cooler water. We have developed new formulations for modeling sea surface fluxes. ... |
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| A Coastal Air-Ocean Coupled System for the East Asian Marginal Seas |
SEP 2001 |
591 pages |
| Authors:
Michael J. Roth; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| A Coastal air-ocean coupled system (CAOCS) that includes the Princeton Ocean Model (POM) as the ocean component and the Pennsylvania State University/National center for Atmospheric Research (PSU/NCAR) Mesoscale Model Fifth Generation (MM5) as the atmospheric component was developed for the east Asian marginal seas (EAMS) - a littoral environment that is a common operating area for the United States Navy (USN). CAOCS output verified against surface wind data from the ... |
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| Free Volume and Percolation in S-SEBS and Fluorocarbon Proton Conducting Membranes |
01 JUL 2001 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
C. A. Edmondson; J. J. Fontanella; NAVAL ACADEMY ANNAPOLIS MD
|
| Electrical conductivity results at a variety of pressures, temperatures and water contents arc evaluated for sulfonated styrene/ethylene- butylene/styrene. (S-SEBS) triblock polymer, Nafion 117, and Dow 800 proton conducting membranes. In addition, room temperature and atmospheric pressure diffusion coefficients determined from conductivity and H1 pulsed gradient spin- echo nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies are considered. While the S-SEBS and fluorocarbons exhibit a percolation threshold at 10 and 4 wt-%, respectively, all ... |
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| An Experimental Test to Compare Viability of Various Theories of Atmospheric Velocity Fluctuations |
25 JUN 2001 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Edmond M. Dewan; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
|
| Several theories of velocity fluctuations in the atmosphere are discussed in the context of the horizontal wavenumber power spectral density (PSD). The main purpose of this report is to provide an experimental method to decide the question of which of these various theories are viable. The presently existing explanations of this PSD fall into the following categories: (a) quasi- two-dimensional turbulence theories as proposed by Gage and by Lilly; (b) ... |
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| Agent Dispersion Prediction |
JUN 2001 |
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| Authors:
Ralph Gailis; Glenn Fulford; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION VICTORIA (AUSTRALIA) AERONAUTICAL AND MARITIME RESEARCH LAB
|
| An overview of atmospheric dispersion modelling is given, with particular attention paid to its application to chemical and biological (CB) warfare agent hazard assessment in an urban environment. A broad review of the various techniques in use for the modelling of agent transport, dispersion and meteorology is undertaken, with many useful current models available being discussed. The emphasis is on local expertise in the research and design of models. The ... |
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| Developing of Predictors for Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Activity Using Atmospheric Stability Indices |
MAR 2001 |
202 pages |
| Authors:
Kenneth C. Venzke; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
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| A detailed examination was performed on several commonly applied atmospheric stability indices and lightning activity from 1993 to 2000 to determine the indices usefulness as predictive tools for determining cloud-to- ground lightning activity. Predetermined radii of 50 nautical miles around upper-air stations in the Midwest U.S. were used for the lightning summaries. Also explored is an improvement upon the commonly accepted thresholds of the stability indices as general thunderstorm indicators. ... |
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| High-Resolution S-Band Profiling of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer |
23 JAN 2001 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen J. Frasier; Andrew L. Pazmany; Turker Ince; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV AMHERST
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| Over the past year, we have concentrated on analysis of FMCW radar data obtained during the CASES'99 experiment. Collected data have been quality controlled and processed to 5 second averaged profiles. Both radar images (GIFs) and data (NetCDF format) were provided to the NCAR JOSS data archive in May 2000. Since then, we have been working with other CASES investigators in studying particular events in various lOPs. Preliminary results were ... |
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| Parametric Study of Propagation in Evaporation Ducting and Subrefractive Conditions |
NOV 2000 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
R. A. Paulus; SPACE AND NAVAL WARFARE SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
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| This report quantifies propagation loss differences that result from approximating the full stability-dependent refractivity profiles with neutral- stability profiles parameterized by duct height. It also develops a parameterization for subrefractive profiles and quantifies the propagation loss differences that result from approximating the full stability-dependent refractivity profiles with neutral-stability profiles parameterized by subrefractive layer height. |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS
