ARMOR PIERCING AMMUNITION - Storming Media

Carcinogenicity of Embedded Tungsten Alloys in Mice

Mar-2009

27 pages

Authors: John F Kalinich; JACKSON (HENRY M) FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE ROCKVILLE MD

The full text of this report is available for sale.

A variety of unique metal mixtures have entered the military arsenals of many countries in recent years. One such material is the tungsten alloys, which have been proposed as replacements for depleted uranium (DU) in armor-penetrating munitions. As a result, opportunities for exposure are increasingly likely. This leads to questions, similar to those originally surrounding DU, as to the health effects of exposure to the tungsten alloys, especially for embedded ...

Carcinogenicity of Embedded Tungsten Alloys in Mice

01-Mar-2008

12 pages

Authors: John F Kalinich; HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE ROCKVILLE MD

Neurobehavioral Effects of Sodium Tungstate Exposure on Rats and Their Progeny

30 JUN 2007

25 pages

Authors: S. M. Mclnturf; M. Y. Bekkedal; A. Olabisi; D. Arfsten; E. Wilfong; R. Casavant; W. Jederberg; P. G. Gunasekar; G. CHAPMAN; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER (DET) WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH EFFECTS LAB

In the mid 1990's, the use of tungsten as a replacement for lead and depleted uranium began for the manufacture of small arms munitions and armor penetrator munitions, respectively. Recent reports have demonstrated that tungsten can solubilize in soil and is present in some US drinking water supplies, however, little research has been conducted to determine the human health consequences of exposure. The purpose of this study was to use ...

Ballistic Testing of Australian Bisalloy Steel for Armor Applications

JUN 2007

18 pages

Authors: Dwight D. Showalter; William A. Gooch; Matt S. Burkins; Victoria Thorn; Stephen J. Cimpoeru; Russell Barnett; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE

The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and Australian Defense Science and Technology Organization (DSTO) have ballistically baselined a range of armor steels (277-321HB to 477-534HB) manufactured by the Australian company, Bisalloy Steels. Plate was tested in thicknesses from 10 mm to 20 mm and ARL and DSTO ballistically tested the plates against 0.30 caliber and 0.50 caliber armor piercing projectiles, 0.50 caliber and 20 mm Fragment Simulating Projectiles (FSPs) and ...

Stealing the Sword: Limiting Terrorist Use of Advanced Conventional Weapons

2007

Authors: James Bonomo; Giacomo Bergamo; David R. Frelinger; IV Gordon John; Brian A. Jackson; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA

The full text of this report is not available and therefore is not for sale. This information is provided for reference purposes only.

This book examines one manifestation of the general technical competition between terrorist groups and security organizations: the balance between the potential use by terrorists of advanced conventional weapons and the responses available to deter or counter them. Use of the term "advanced conventional weapons" is inclusive and broad: any new or unusual conventional weaponry developed for ordinary military forces. All weaponry is obviously designed to do damage, but new design ...

Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) in Iraq and Afghanistan: Effects and Countermeasures

25 SEP 2006

Authors: Clay Wilson; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE

Since October 2001, Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs, or roadside bombs) have been responsible for many of the more than 2,000 combat deaths in Iraq, and 178 combat deaths in Afghanistan. IEDs are hidden behind signs and guardrails, under roadside debris, or inside animal carcasses, and encounters with these bombs are becoming more numerous and deadly in both Iraq and Afghanistan. The threat includes vehicle-borne IEDs, in which extremists drive cars ...

Simulating the Formation and Evolution of Behind Armor Debris Fields

NOV 2005

14 pages

Authors: Stephen J. Schraml; Hubert W. Meyer; David S. Kleponis; Kent D. Kimsey; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE

The performance of the CTH shock physics code was evaluated on the Opteron cluster recently installed at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory Major Shared Resource Center. Scalability trials were conducted using up to 2048 processors and involved the simulation of the yawed, oblique impact of a long rod penetrator with a thin plate. The scalability of CTH on the Opteron cluster was studied for both fixed and adaptive meshes. After ...

Acoustic Simulation API Requirements Model

SEP 2005

41 pages

Authors: Valdis Berzins; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

The purpose of the Acoustic Simulation API is to provide a standard interface to a variety of ocean acoustic models meeting the needs of application developers. The initially envisioned application domain is simulation support for training of sonar operators. Other likely applications include future mission planning, simulating artificial environments to support test and evaluation of new fleet systems, comparative scientific studies of different acoustic models and other unanticipated uses. The ...

Geometry and Grid Modeling for Numerical Simulation

JUN 2005

86 pages

Authors: John P. Steinbrenner; Todd Michal; Pat J. Yagle; J. P. Abelanet; POINTWISE INC FORT WORTH TX

An application programmer's interface known as API V2 was written to facilitate the sharing of unstructured meshing technology among computational analysts developing or requiring meshing methods. API V2's architecture consists of a database and a meshing library. The database library owns all mesh data and contains API functions for the transfer of data between the mesh library and the application. It also contains functions for dynamic loading of meshing libraries, ...

API Development for Persistent Data Sessions Support

MAR 2005

165 pages

Authors: Chayutra Pailom; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

This thesis studies and discusses the development of the API, called the persistency API, for supporting the persistent data sessions. Without persistent session support, network applications often need to be restarted from the beginning when intermittent physical connection loss happens. Application programmers can use the persistency API to achieve service continuity. The persistency API provides the interface that allows a program to continue to retrieve data from the point the connection is lost after the ...

Migration of a SEDRIS Application for Dismounted Infantry Simulation

JUL 2003

48 pages

Authors: Andrew M. Neiderer; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD

The U.S. Army Research Laboratory Dismounted Infantry Simulator has been updated for Synthetic Environment Data Representation and Interchange Specification (SEDRIS) 3.1.1 transmittal generation. Specifically, the SEDRIS 3. 0.3 specification. SEDRIS defines a comprehensive standard for the representation and distribution of environmental data. Our initial effort only involved two of the five components of the SEDRIS technology the Data Representation Model and the Application Programming Interface. The other three components will ...

Usability Analysis of the Channel Application Programming Interface

JUN 2003

147 pages

Authors: Christopher A. Brown; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

The Channel Application Programming Interface (API) provides a tool for loosely coupling components in Component Based Design (CBD) projects In the thesis that proposed and developed the API, the author provided a technical analysis of the API's performance with respect to communication metrics However, only the author/designer has ever used the API; hence, no analysis was accomplished with respect to usability attributes, The project sponsor desires public release of the ...

Experimental Characterization and Modeling of Damage in Composites Under Ballistic Impact

MAR 2003

121 pages

Authors: Namas Chandra; FLORIDA AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL UNIV TALLAHASSEE DIV OF SPONSORED RESEARCH

The primary focus of our research is to understand the ballistic behavior of composites. It is shown that the shock response of composites is quite different from that of the metals, and the presence of heterogeneous interfaces in composites can be attributed to this fact. The interfaces cause multiple scattering, and the magnitude of scattering depends on the level of heterogeneity as indicated by impedance mismatch. In this research work ...

SEDRIS Transmittal Generation for a Dismounted Infantry Simulator

AUG 2002

35 pages

Authors: Andrew M. Neiderer; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES

Interoperability of heterogeneous computer-based simulators is integral to today's military training Systems. This report presents a standardized solution for the distribution of environmental data resulting from a munition perforating an urban structure as computed by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory Dismounted Infantry Simulator (DISim). Synthetic Environment Data Representation and Interchange Specification (SEDRIS) transmittals are generated for such an interaction. Each SEDRIS transmittal contains resulting geometric and attribute data. The application ...

Networked Humanoid Animation Driven by Human Voice Using Extensible 3D (X3D), H-Anim and Java Speech Open Standards

MAR 2002

Authors: Ozan Apaydin; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA

Speech-recognition technology is beginning to be used in automobiles, telephones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), medical records, e-commerce, text dictation and editing. Speech recognition can also be integrated into Virtual Environments (VEs) to create responsive virtual entities, Like the mouse, keyboard, and the trackball, Speech-recognition technology can enhance the control of a computer and improve communication. Dramatically expanding interest in the Internet and VEs has been gated by limited interactivity with ...

Ammunition Suite for the FCS Multi-role Armament and Ammunition System (MRAAS)

20 JUN 2001

Authors: Ernie Logsdon; ARMY TANK-AUTOMOTIVE COMMAND WARREN MI

Design and Implementation of Web Based Supply Centers Material Request and Tracking (SMART) System Using With JAVA and JAVA Servlets

MAR 2001

173 pages

Authors: Cemalettin Ciftci; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA

In order for decision makers to efficiently make accurate decisions, pertinent information must be accessed easily and quickly. Component based architectures are suitable for creating today's three-tiered client-server systems. Experts in each particular field can develop each tier independently. The first tier can be built using HTML and web browsers. The middle tier can be implemented by using existing server side programming technologies that enable dynamic web page creation. The ...

Simulations Varying Projectile Sabot Front-Bell Stiffness and its Effect on Dispersion

JAN 2001

34 pages

Authors: Thomas F. Erline; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD

This report extends the results of XM881 dispersion modeling done previously by changing the front-bell spring stiffness. The models studied show the effect on dispersion of the XM88 1 when changing the sabot front-bell stiffness by a power of 10 softer and stiffer. These two modified cases are compared to the nominal case. The basis for this work comes from modeling and experimenting. All mathematical modeling results come from the ...

The Effect of Thermo-mechanical Processing on the Ballistic Limit Velocity of Extra Low Interstitial Titanium Alloy Ti-6AL- 4V

JUL 2000

69 pages

Authors: Matthew S. Burkins; Jeffrey S. Hansen; Jack I. Paige; Paul C. Turner; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE

Although titanium alloys have been widely used for aerospace applications, they have seldom been used in armor systems. In an effort to provide increased information to armored vehicle designers, the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and the U.S. Department of Energy's Albany Research Center (ARC) performed a joint research program to evaluate the effect of thermo-mechanical processing on the ballistic limit velocity for an extra-low ...

Application of the Depth-of-Penetration Test Methodology to CharacterizeCeramics for Personnel Protection

APR 2000

43 pages

Authors: Thomas J. Moynihan; Shun-Chin Chou; Audreyk L. Mihalcin; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD

The depth of penetration (DOP) or thick-backing technique allows the ballistic evaluation and ranking of armor ceramics independent of armor configuration. The test projectile is fired into a ceramic tile backed by a semi-infinite block. The residual penetration into the backing material is measured and compared to the penetration of the projectile into a monolithic block of the backing material. This report adapts this technique ...

Visualization of Weapons Effects for Training and Test & Evaluation - Technical Report (Final) (Computer diskette)

15 DEC 1999

1 pages

Authors: Brian Cahill; DUAL CORP LAKE MARY FL SIMULATION AND TRAINING DIV

ELECTRONIC FILE CHARACTERISTICS: 1 file; MS Word; text, col. ill. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: 1 HD computer diskette; 3 1/2 in.; 1.1MB. SYSTEMS DETAIL NOTE: IBM PC-compatible. ABSTRACT: This final technical report is prepared under Contract N00421-99-C-1383 to document and summarize technical accomplishments of the program. The Virtual Environment for Weapons Effects Visualization (VEWEV) is a Phase I effort of the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Topic N99-062 of DoD Program Solicitation ...

Visualization of Weapons Effects for Training and Test & Evaluation

09 OCT 1999

21 pages

Authors: Brian Cahill; DUAL CORP LAKE MARY FL SIMULATION AND TRAINING DIV

The goals of the project are to: (1) demonstrate that ballistic effects can be visualized, and (2) demonstrate that visualization of ballistics effects can be embedded in a training device. Goal 1 is the primary goal of the Phase 1 effort, and is nearly fully realized, using representative models of a rotary wing air vehicle and a light ground vehicle. Goal 2 will be the main focus of Phase 2. ...

GCCS Spatial Data Base Module

AUG 1998

34 pages

Authors: Paul Bell; David Kolassa; Michael McQuinn; Sandra Stoltz; David Kane; STERLING SOFTWARE INC ROME NY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DIV

The Global Command and Control Systems (GCCS) is the DoD's primary joint command, control, communications, computer, and intelligence systems. The Joint Mapping Toolkit (JMTK) provides the mapping function to the Core Operating Environment (COE) of the GCCS. JMTK is divided into three primary areas: (1) Visual, (2) Analysis (non-visual), and (3) Spatial Data Base (SDBM). The primary objective of the SDBM effort is to define, design, develop ...

GCCS Spatial Data Base Module Extensions

JUL 1998

40 pages

Authors: Paul Bell; David Kolassa; Michael McQuinn; Sandra Stoltz; William Reid; STERLING SOFTWARE INC ROME NY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DIV

The Global Command and Control Systems (GCCS) is the DoD's primary joint command, control, communications, computer, and intelligence systems. The Joint Mapping Toolkit (JMTK) provides the mapping function to the Core Operating Environment (COE) of the GCCS. JMTK is divided into three primary areas: (1) Visual, (2) Analysis (nonvisual), and (3) Spatial Data Base (SDBM). The primary objective of the SDBM effort is to define, design, ...

MacFS: A Portable Macintosh File System Library

JUL 1998

Authors: Peter A. Dinda; George C. Necula; Morgan Price; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

We have created a Macintosh file system library which is portable to a variety of operating systems and platforms. It presents a programming interface sufficient for creating a user level API as well as file system drivers for operating systems that support them. We implemented and tested such a user level API and utility programs based on it as well as an experimental Unix Virtual ...

Training Ammunition for Force XXI

01 APR 97

9 pages

Authors: ARMY ARMOR CENTER AND FORT KNOX KY

Tank gunnery training in M1A1 and M1A2 units is currently accomplished with only two kinds of main gun training ammunition; M865 Target Practice, Cone Stabilized, Discarding Sabot-Tracer (TPCSDS-T) and M831 High Explosive, Antitank-Target Practice-Tracer (HEAT-TP-T). Until recently, this has been adequate, only because Sabot and HEAT were the only service rounds available. This situation has already changed and will continue to change for the foreseeable future. Changes in the threats ...

Concrete Penetration by Eroding Projectiles: Experiments and Analysis

DEC 96

34 pages

Authors: Vladimir M. Gold; ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER PICATINNY ARSENAL N J

Spherical-nose copper and tantalum rods with aspect ratios between 4. 0 and 14.6 were gun launched against 91-cm dia and 91-cm long concrete and simulant reinforced concrete targets with velocities ranging from 0.15 cmlps to 0.19 cm1%s. Targets were instrumented with a sequence of break gages which provided valuable data for characterizing the penetration process. Target hole profiles and projectile residual masses were measured and reported. Analysis of the penetration ...

A Toolbox for Health Risk Related Decisions

MAY 1996

Authors: Clay E. Easterly; Troyce D. Jones; OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LAB TN

Development efforts since the late 1970s have resulted in a generalized method for ranking health hazards. This method provides the basis for a wide range of applications where decisions are needed for allocating resources on the basis of health risk considerations. It has been used for more than a decade to solve real problems and it is supported by 23 publications in the open literature. The diversity of this generalized ...

Weapon Systems United States Army 1996

274 pages

Authors: DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY WASHINGTON DC

The Army continues to evolve, parlaying fewer resources into an improved capability to respond to contemporary and future threats to national and international security. Force XXI is the term used to describe how the United States Army of the 21st century will prevail both in total war, and in low intensity conflict, anywhere in the world. Force XXI will be well equipped for its growing leadership role outside of direct ...

IOC Advance Planning Briefing for Industry U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC)

128 pages

Authors: ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER PICATINNY ARSENAL N J

This document gives the technology strategy for FY 1995 through FY 2000. This includes: (1) Maintaining existing heavy force capabilities and the 'World's Best; (2) Improving the lethality and deployability of the Light Forces; (3) Pursuing new technology opportunities such as Less than Lethal; and (4) Maintaining a solid base in smart munitions, energetics, warheads, automation, ammunition logistics and environmental protection.

Airborne Intercept: Boost- and Ascent-Phase Options and Issues

Authors: David R. Vaughan; Jeffrey A. Isaucson; Joel S. Kvitky; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA

This report documents an analysis of countering theater ballistic missiles (TBMs) by using manned aircraft with onboard radar sensors in an airborne intercept role. Although current defense planning does not anticipate such a role for manned aircraft, more- advanced airborne intercept options harbor significant uncertainties with respect to development, and it remains to be demonstrated that they will prove practicable in the decade ahead. Thus, the approaches we analyzed and ...

Tomahawks Stop the Attacking Regiments

10 pages

Authors: Edmund R. Anderson; Walter E. Bowen; John W. Fischer; Charles R. Hall Iii.; Thomas E. Klocek; NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER WEAPONS DIV CHINA LAKE CA

Tomahawk Stops the Attacking Regiments (TSTAR) is the latest upgrade to the Tomahawk Weapon System (TWS). It expands the existing mission capabilities of the conventional Tomahawk Land Attack Missile (TLAM) submunition dispensing variants to include real-time engagements with mobile armored forces, either en route to the battlefield or stationary in assembly areas. TSTAR will combine real-time targeting, re-targeting, and smart submunition performance with the long-range, precision attack capability already planned ...

Traction Launch of Scaled Laboratory

JUL 95

36 pages

Authors: Brett R. Sorensen; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD

This report discusses the design, analysis, and testing phases of a modification in subscale, kinetic energy projectile technology. Typically, subscale penetrators are posh launched, while the actual full-scale penetrators are traction launched. This condition was acceptable until recently when posh launch technology could no longer fully satisfy the needs of the researcher. Therefore, a technique for implementing traction launch technology into the subscale laboratory environment was needed. This report presents ...

The MAVEN Approximation Method within the MUVES Environment

JUL 95

41 pages

Authors: Mark D. Burdeshaw; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD

The Modular Air-System Vulnerability Estimation Network (MAVEN) is a stochastic, pointburst model for all classes of air targets to include fixed, and rotary-wing aircraft and missiles. MAVEN is an approximation method under the Modular UNix-based Vulnerability Estimation Suite (MUVES) and follows the Ballistic Vulnerability/Lethality Division (BVLD) Vulnerability/Lethality (VIL) process structure. MAVEN is intended to be used during all phases of the acquisition life cycle, from research and development through test ...

Transfer of Skills Among Programming Languages

JUN 95

14 pages

Authors: John R. Anderson; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY

The general picture that has emerged from this research is one in which programming skill is to be conceived as translation from one surface representation to another. While the successful student will have this surface representation annotated with rich representation of its functionality, the skill is still quite specific to the notational details of the representations involved. The initial context for this research was set by two things supported by ...

155MM Metal Field Artillery Projectile Pallet (FAPP) First Article Testing (FAT)

SEP 94

72 pages

Authors: William R. Meyer; ARMY DEFENSE AMMUNITION CENTER AND SCHOOL SAVANNA IL

The U.S. Army Defense Ammunition Center and School (USADACS), Validation Engineering Division (SMCAC-DEV), was tasked by the U.S. Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC) to conduct MIL- STD-1660 and rail impact tests on the 155mm Field Artillery Projectile Pallet (FAPP). This report contains test results with the 155mm FAPP meeting MIL-STD- 1660, Design Criteria for Ammunition Unit Loads, and rail impact testing requirements.

Numerical Simulation of Sabot Discard Aerodynamics

SEP 93

44 pages

Authors: Michael J. Nusca; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solutions of the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations have been applied to sabot discard aerodynamics for gun- launched, saboted, armor-piercing projectiles. The portion of the launch cycle that involves strong aerodynamic interference between the projectile and discarding sabot (carrier) components has been investigated. Three sabot components were location symmetrically at various positions near the projectile and at angle of attack. The complex system of shock/boundary-layer interactions between multiple ...

Army P/M Research and Development Overview

MAY 93

23 pages

Authors: Robert J. Dowding; Martin G. Wells; Andrew Crowson; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WATERTOWN MA

The Army uses of powder metallurgy (P/M) extend from the conventional press and sinter to the more exotic processes of liquid phase sintering of tungsten heavy alloys (WHA) and powder injection molding (PIM). Many of the more advanced high performance applications require extensive research and development (R and D) prior to fielding of the application. Examples arc the intense research into WHA in the last ten years. This research has ...

The Development of a Tungsten Heavy Alloy That Fails by an Adiabatic Shear Mechanism. Phase 1

APR 93

120 pages

Authors: Sumit Guha; Christos Kyriacou; James C. Withers; Raouf O. Loutfy; MATERIALS AND ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH CORP TUCSON AZ

Kinetic Energy penetrators made from Depleted Uranium (DU) alloys have consistently performed better than equi-density and geometrically similar penetrators made from conventional tungsten heavy alloys (WHA) during ballistic penetration tests into semi-infinite Rolled Homogeneous Armor (RHA) steel targets. The superior penetration behavior of DU penetrators is presently attributed to these penetrators maintaining a 'chisel' nose by failure along adiabatic shear bands which is in contrast to the 'mushroom' head observed ...

The Effect of Material Strength on Segment Penetration Behavior

APR 93

23 pages

Authors: Todd W. Bjerke; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD

The effects of penetrator material strength on the terminal ballistic behavior of tungsten alloy segments fired into armor plate was determined by a series of impact experiments. Three different strength tungsten alloys were machined into cylinders with an aspect ratio of 4 and were subsequently impacted into rolled homogeneous armor at 1.5 km/s. The depth of penetration and the shape of the penetrator material remaining in the penetration cavity were ...

An experimental and Analytical Study on the Penetration of Rods into Ceramic Faced Armours

JAN 93

Authors: Paul C. den Reijer; PRINS MAURITS LABORATORIUM TNO RIJSWIJK (NETHERLANDS)

AKZO's ballistic Arall program has led to the development of an analytic lightweight armour response model (ALARM) which can be used to predict the behaviour of these armour systems when impacted by various projectiles. In order to verify and improve the understanding of phenomena governing the projectile-armour interaction process, an experimental programme was proposed and set up. This report deals with the second and final phase of this programme. The ...

Development of Aluminum Nitride: A New Low-Cost Armor

01 DEC 92

144 pages

Authors: William Rafaniello; DOW CHEMICAL CO MIDLAND MI

High performance and low cost are the two essential requirements necessary for advanced ceramics to be considered for incorporation into future armor systems. This work involved a comprehensive program, focused on aluminum nitride based ceramics, which examined the critical ceramic processing parameters and studied the impact these modifications had on ballistic performance. The accomplished objective was to demonstrate that low-cost fabrication methods could be utilized to produce high performance AlN ...

Experimental Measurement of Tailboom Strain During Charge Ignition

OCT 91

Authors: Joseph W. Colburn; Arthur A. Koszoru; ARMY BALLISTIC RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD

The evolution of Armor Piercing Fin Stabilized Discarding Sabot (APFSDS) projectiles has lead to projectiles which protrude substantially into the gun chamber, affecting igniter design, path of flamespread through the charge, and projectile loading. This study focuses on a method of detecting loading of the projectile tailboom during the early phase of the interior ballistic cycle. Using a clear acrylic gun chamber simulator with an instrumented projectile, charge ignition and ...

Computational Fluid Dynamics Application to the Aerodynamics of Symmetric Sabot Discard

OCT 90

Authors: Michael J. Nusca; ARMY BALLISTIC RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD

Computational fluid dynamics solutions of the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations have been applied to sabot discard aerodynamics for gun- launched, saboted, armor-piercing projectiles. The portion of the launch cycle which involves strong aerodynamic interference between the projectiles and discarding sabot components has been investigated. The complex system of shock/ boundary-layer interactions between the projectile and sabot, during the discard sequence, has been numerically simulated. Three sabot components were located symmetrically at ...

Appendix D: Kinetic Energy Penetrator Environmental and Health Considerations

JUL 1990

207 pages

Authors: SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INC MCLEAN VA

The U.S. Army is currently formulating a strategy for future kinetic energy penetrating materials. This report addresses the environmental and health issues associated with depleted uranium (DU) and tungsten penetrators. The objective of this study was to perform a preliminary assessment to investigate the environmental and health issues associated with DU and tungsten penetrator manufacturing, testing and recycle facilities. This work also included an assessment of requirements for decontamination of ...

The Aerodynamic Characteristics of .50 Ball, M33, API, M8, and APIT, M20 Ammunition

JAN 90

79 pages

Authors: Robert L. McCoy; ARMY BALLISTIC RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD

The caliber .50 Ball, M33, API, M8, and APIT, M20 munitions were recently fired in the BRL spark photography ranges, to determine the complete aeroballistic characteristics required for a fire control study. Aerodynamic drag, gyroscopic stability, dynamic stability and yaw damping rates were determined at supersonic, transonic and subsonic speeds. The observed non-linear behavior of the Magnus moment coefficient predicts a slow arm limit cycle yaw at transonic and subsonic ...

Evaluation of 2090-T8E48 Aluminum-Lithium Plates

NOV 89

22 pages

Authors: Ernest S. Chin; Marietta R. Cappucci; Robert M. Huie; ARMY LAB COMMAND WATERTOWN MA MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY LAB

A 1.5-inch-thick 2090-T8E48 aluminum-lithium (Al-Li) alloy plate was evaluated in conjunction with the Navy Cooperative Test Program. Mechanical characterization included testing of tensile specimens in the longitudinal, transverse, and short direction, and testing of compact tension/slow bend specimens covering the L-T, T-L, L-S, S-L, S-T, and T-S directions. In addition, ballistic tolerance against caliber .30 armor piercing projectile and 20-mm fragment simulated projectile was determined. Corrosion and stress corrosion studies ...

Hydrocode Modelling of the MISAR Anti-Tank Mine

DEC 88

Authors: David L. Smith; Ross J. Kummer; MATERIALS RESEARCH LABS ASCOT VALE (AUSTRALIA)

Version 121 of the HULL code was used to predict the properties of the explosively-formed copper penetrator from the MISAR anti-tank mine. The code was run in pure Lagrange mode. Full HULL inputs are listed. The Lagrange rezoner for HULL was de-bugged, and a change deck to fix the rezoner is included.

An Evaluation of Stabilization/Solidification of Fluidized Bed Incinerator Ash (K048 and K051)

DEC 88

Authors: R. M. Bricka; Teresa Holmes; M. J. Cullinane; ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB

This report presents the results of testing performed on a stabilized/solidified (S/S) incinerator ash. This study was conducted in support of the US Environmental Protection Agency, Best Demonstrated Available Technology program. The ash samples evaluated in the study were residuals resulting from the incineration of a mixture of dissolved air-flotation float (K048), API separator oily sludge (K051), and a biological sludge. Three S/S processes were evaluated in this study. They ...

Analysis of System Factors Affecting Range-Related Accuracy of the 25mm Gun of the Bradley Fighting Vehicle

SEP 88

Authors: Mike S. Perkins; Paul R. Roberson; LITTON COMPUTER SERVICES DIV MOUNTAIN VIEW CA

This analysis was conducted to determine if system errors in the Bradley Fighting Vehicle (BFV) negatively affect elevation or range-related aspects of 25mm gunnery accuracy. A Soviet BMP vehicle is about 2.15m high, but the horizontal ranging stadia of the integrated sight unit (ISU) on a fielded BFV was designed to determine range for a target of from 1.5 to 1.7m high (depending on the part of stadia used). For ...