| A Glycoform of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) as an Early Biomarker of Exposure to Nonhuman Substances |
Dec 2012 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy M Block; Songming Chen; Anand S Mehta; Terry J Henderson; INSTITUTE FOR HEPATITIS AND VIRUS RESEARCH (IHVR) DOYLESTOWN PA
|
 | We have identified an immunoglobulin G (IgG) subset that transiently exists in rabbits and mice following the introduction of various nonself antigens. This previously unrecognized IgG was named primebody because it appears to be involved in priming the humoral immune response rather than in neutralizing immunogens. Primebody was initially identified by its ability to bind the Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL) while still in its native conformation, in contrast to serum ... |
|
| Regulation of PCNA Function by Tyrosine Phosphorylation in Prostate Cancer |
Oct 2012 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Shao-Chun Wang; CINCINNATI UNIV OH
|
| The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) has been widely used as a molecular marker for tumor progression and patient prognosis in a variety of human cancers. The PCNA protein has two forms: a non-functional chromatin-unbound form, and a functional chromatin-associated form. The latter form is associated with cancer and tumor progression. Currently, there are no assays which can distinguish these two, distinct forms of the PCNA protein. As a result ... |
|
| Enhancing the Breadth and Efficacy of Therapeutic Vaccines for Breast Cancer |
Oct 2012 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Peter P Lee; CITY OF HOPE BECKMAN RESEARCH INST DUARTE CA
|
| Over the first 6 months of this award, we have focused on building a strong team, clinical collaborations, patient enrollment and samples acquisition. Our team has tested and optimized a number of protocols to process samples, generate antigen- presenting cells, and expand T cells for testing against tumor lysates from the Spellman group. This process is nearly complete, and we are positioned to work through the entire process as outlined ... |
|
| Enhancing the Breadth of Efficacy of Therapeutic Vaccines for Breast Cancer |
Oct 2012 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Jill E Slansky; John Kappler; Tullia Bruno; Daniel Munson; Taizo Nakano; COLORADO UNIV AURORA CO
|
| During the current funding period, we have started a collaborative effort between the laboratories of Peter Lee at City of Hope National Medical Center, Paul Spellman at Oregon Health Sciences University, and Jill Slansky at University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus. Our multi-team project is aimed at enhancing the function of pre-existing antitumor T cells from breast cancer patients. In the first year, we have focused on generating reagents and ... |
|
| Enhancing the Breadth and Efficacy of Therapeutic Vaccines for Breast Cancer |
Oct 2012 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Paul Spellman; Dmitri Rosanov; Kami Chiotti; OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCES UNIV PORTLAND
|
| The focus of the Spellman/Gray work group over the past year has been upon the generation of materials, tools, and data for the purpose of aiding and supporting the research and findings of the entire multi-team collaboration endeavoring to identify antigenic targets of breast cancer-infiltrating T cells. During this time, our group generated the breast cancer cell line lysates necessary to provide uniform sources of major antigens associated with each ... |
|
| Advanced Development of Leishmania Topical Skin Test Antigen |
28 Sep 2012 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Jr Nielson H S; ALLERMED LABS INC SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The lysate of Leishmania tropica promastigotes is a complex mixture of substances, including proteins in the range of 8 kDa to 70 kDa. In Leishmania na ve adult humans, the lysate can cause sensitization manifest by the conversion of a negative to positive delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin test. This was observed on the third skin test with 30 ug and 50 ug doses of the crude lysate administered intradermally at ... |
|
| A Randomized Phase 2 Trial of 177Lu Radiolabeled Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody J591in Patients with High-Risk Castrate, Biochemically Relapsed Prostate Cancer |
Sep 2012 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Scott T Tagawa; CORNELL UNIV NEW YORK
|
| Clinical trial has received WCMC IRB and CTSC approval with enrollment of initial 5 subjects at WCMC. An additional 18 subjects enrolled (15 treated) at participating sub-sites. Reports submitted to WCMC DSMB with recommendation to proceed with enrollment. |
|
| Genes Associated with Food Allergy and Eosinophilic Esophagitis |
Sep 2012 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
David Broide; CALIFORNIA UNIV SAN DIEGO LA JOLLA
|
| The ingestion of food antigens plays an essential role in the development of eosinophilic esophagitis (EE) as total removal of dietary antigens by using an amino acid based oral formula improves clinical symptoms and esophageal histology in 98% of patients with EE within a month. EE is thought to be mediated by both IgE and non-IgE mediated food allergy. In this study we are particularly interested in identifying genes in ... |
|
| Hetero-bivalent Imaging Agents for Simultaneous Targeting Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) and Hepsin |
Sep 2012 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Youngjoo Byun; KOREA UNIV YEONGI-GUN (KOREA) RESEARCH AND BUSINESS FOUNDATION
|
| The hypothesis of the original proposal was to improve the sensitivity and accuracy of prostate cancer diagnosis by targeting simultaneously PSMA and hepsin, which are highly expressed in advanced and metastatic prostate cancer. In Year 2, we successfully established the solid-phase synthetic strategy of PSMA-hepsin peptide conjugates and synthesized key intermediates to conjugate with imaging probes including optical dyes and radionuclides. The synthesized dual-targeting conjugates consist of PSMA-binding ligand (Lys-urea-Glu) ... |
|
| Patient-Specific B-Cell Antibody Factories to Treat Metastatic Disease |
Aug 2012 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin Claffey; CONNECTICUT UNIV HEALTH CENTER FARMINGTON
|
| Breast cancer patients often require surgical resection of tumor along with the tumor-draining lymph nodes which are termed sentinel lymph nodes. These sentinel lymph nodes are evaluated for any tumor cells which have metastasized from the primary tumor nodule, indicating higher grade tumors and informing clinical treatments for systemic chemotherapy. In this contract, we will apply novel technologies to identify highly reactive immune cells in patient-derived sentinel lymph nodes that ... |
|
| Design and Testing of a Thermostable Platform for Multimerization of Single Domain Antibodies |
Aug 2012 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Alena M Calm; James P Carney; Candice Warner; Ellen Goldman; Jinny L Liu; George P Anderson; ARMY EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER APG MD
|
| Immunoaffinity reagents are used to detect biothreat agents, but one limitation is the thermal sensitivity of standard antibodies. The abilities to maintain recognition and remain thermostable provide enhanced capability for fielding immunoaffinity-based sensors. One technology capable of delivering thermostability is single domain antibodies. These molecules have substantial thermostability, but affinity is often reduced as compared to monoclonal antibodies. Using recombination, we created single domain antibodies (sdAb s) in a thermostable ... |
|
| Fusions of Breast Carcinoma and Dendritic Cells as a Vaccine for the Treatment of Metatastic Breast Cancer |
Jul 2012 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Donald Kufe; Baldev Vasir; David Avigan; DANA-FARBER CANCER INST BOSTON MA
|
| The main objective of the study is to determine the safety, immunologic response, and clinical effect of vaccination with dendritic cell (DC)/breast cancer fusions administered in conjunction with IL-12 to patients with metastatic breast cancer. DC/breast carcinoma fusion cells present a broad array of tumor-associated antigens in the context of DC-mediated costimulation. In clinical studies, vaccination with fusion cells was well tolerated, induced immunologic responses in a majority of patients, ... |
|
| Mechanism of Prostate Cancer Prevention by Down-Regulation of the GH/IGF Axis |
Jul 2012 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Steven M Swanson; CHICAGO UNIV IL
|
| The purpose of this project was to test the hypothesis that growth hormone (GH) stimulates specific pathways, some of which are independent of IGF-I, for promoting proliferation and inhibiting death in prostate cancer cells. Our first aim is to determine which of the multiple signaling pathways stimulated by GH receptor are required to promote prostate cancer. Our strategy was to cross mice that develop prostate cancers due to a large ... |
|
| Evaluation of Immune Responses Mediated by Listeria-Stimulated Human Dendritic Cells: Implications for Cancer Vaccine Therapy |
Jul 2012 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
David J Chung; SLOAN-KETTERING INST FOR CANCER RESEARCH NEW YORK
|
| The purpose of this project is to study the immunomodulatory effect of Listeria on human dendritic cells (DCs) to optimize Listeria-based DC cancer vaccines. The project aims are: 1) Compare the activation and maturation of different human DC subsets in response to Listeria infection. 2) Define the induction of CD4+/CD8+ T-cell and NK cell responses to Listeriaactivated DCs presenting a melanoma tumor-associated antigen. 3) Augment the immunogenicity of Listeria-activated DCs ... |
|
| Microfluidic Flow Retardation Device for Tagless Cancer Cell Analysis for Metastatic Potential |
Jul 2012 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Rajan Kumar; GENOME DATA SYSTEMS INC TRENTON NJ
|
| We developed a microfluidic device to detect surface protein expression in individual cancer cells in small cell populations without prior labeling. We used LM2 cells (kind gift of Juan Massague, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, NY), derived from murine lung metastases of MDA-MB-231 cells with a unique lung metastatic potential. We selected LM2 cells for 100% sustained expression of IL-13R 2 and cells without expression. We coated the channel with an ... |
|
| Commensal Gut Derived Anaerobes as Novel Therapy for Inflammatory Autoimmune Diseases |
May 2012 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Ashutosh Mangalam; Veena Taneja; MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER MN
|
| Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are chronic inflammatory autoimmune diseases affecting millions of people. Here we are proposing a novel approach to cure MS, by administration of a specific strain of human commensal bacteria. Recent studies have shown that intestinal microflora plays an important role in the health of the host and posses probiotics like qualities. We hypothesize that Gram-negative commensal bacteria from human gut have the potential ... |
|
| Use of Synthetic Antibodies Targeted to the Jak/Stat Pathway in Breast Cancer |
Mar 2012 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Charles V Clevenger; Anthony A Kossiakoff; NORTHWESTERN UNIV EVANSTON IL
|
| This proposal seeks to generate sABs (synthetic antigen binders) against the PRLr (prolactin receptor)signaling complex to systematically inhibit and modulate its important activities in breast cancer. This complex has clearly been demonstrated to play a significant role in development and spread of this disease, and yet the generation of pharmacologic agents that can specifically block their function has been slow. We hypothesize that sABs can be generated to the PRLr, ... |
|
| Mining the Immune Cell Proteome to Identify Ovarian Cancer-Specific Biomarkers |
Mar 2012 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Manish S Patankar; WISCONSIN UNIV MADISON
|
| In previous studies we have demonstrated that the ovarian cancer antigen CA125 specifically binds to certain sunsets of immune cell. Based on these observations we have hypothesized that proteomic and transciptomic analysis of immune cells from ovarian cancer patients will result in the identification of specific biomarkers in the immune cells. The current proposal will further investigate this hypothesis by conducting in-depth proteomic analysis of immune cells from cancer patients ... |
|
| Understanding the Effects of Cytotoxic Chemotherapeutics on the Innate Immune System |
Mar 2012 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Elizabeth S Nakasone; COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB NY
|
| In breast cancer, myeloid cells recruitment into tumors following radiation therapy and chemotherapy is frequently observed in pre-clinical models. We therefore sought to determine the significance of myeloid cell recruitment following chemotherapy treatment and their role in therapeutic resistance. Using intravital imaging of tumors in live mice, we observed that the tumors of the polyoma middle T antigen (PyMT) mouse model of luminal breast cancer show a stage-dependent sensitivity to ... |
|
| Regulation of CD1d-Medicated Antigen Presentation by Nf1 |
Feb 2012 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Randy Brutkiewicz; INDIANA UNIV INDIANAPOLIS
|
| The goal of this Exploration-Hypothesis Development Award is to analyze the role of NF1 in the functional expression of CD1d. During the second year of the award, we have analyzed the ability of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC) from wildtype (WT) and NF1+/- mice to stimulate fresh NKT cells. The original hypothesis was that we would observe more Th2 (i.e., anti-inflammatory)--as opposed to Th1 (i.e., pro-inflammatory)--cytokine production by NKT cells. ... |
|
| Progression of Pathogenic Events in Cynomolgus Macaques Infected with Variola Virus |
Oct 2011 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Victoria Wahl-Jensen; Jennifer A Cann; Kathleen H Rubins; John W Huggins; Robert W Fisher; Anthony J Johnson; Fabian de Kok-Mercado; Thomas Larsen; Jo L Raymond; Lisa E Hensley; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Smallpox, caused by variola virus (VARV), is a devastating human disease that affected millions worldwide until the virus was eradicated in the 1970 s. Subsequent cessation of vaccination has resulted in an immunologically naive human population that would be at risk should VARV be used as an agent of bioterrorism. The development of antivirals and improved vaccines to counter this threat would be facilitated by the development of animal models ... |
|
| A Reveiw of the Disruptive Potential of Botulinum Neurotoxins as Chemical Warfare Agents |
Oct 2011 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Patrick McNutt; Jonathan Farzanfar; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF CHEMICAL DEFENSE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) act with high specificity and high potency to prevent neurotransmitter release at the neuromuscular junction, causing sustained paralysis, and at sufficiently high doses death by asphyxiation. The seven BoNT serotypes are the most potent substance known to man and are the only toxins designated Tier 1 select agents. Modeling of toxin distribution, mortality rates and first response limitations suggests that deployment of small amounts by terrorists ... |
|
| Regulation of Mammary Tumor Formation and Lipid Biosynthesis by Spot14 |
Oct 2011 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Elizabeth Wellberg; COLORADO UNIV AURORA CO
|
| The objective of this study is to develop models to causatively link Spot 14 (S14) expression in the mammary epithelium and tumor formation, metabolism, and metastasis. Our hypothesis is that S14 promotes de novo lipid biosynthesis in tumor cells, causing enhanced proliferation and ultimately, tumor metastasis. Using a genetic model of spontaneous tumorigenesis, we have found that the presence of S14 significantly accelerates tumor latency, and is associated with branching ... |
|
| Development of a Native Fractionation Antigen Microarray for Autoantibody Profiling in Breast Cancer |
Oct 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Brian C Liu; BRIGHAM AND WOMENS HOSPITAL BOSTON MA
|
| The humoral response of a cancer patient may allow earlier detection of cancer than current methods allow. If so, the serum autoantibody repertoire from cancer patients might be exploited for autoantibody profiling, and aid in the serological diagnosis of cancer. In this final report, we report on the development of a whole proteome native antigen microarray for human breast cancer. Using this platform and sera from stage 1 and 2 ... |
|
| Identification of Autoantibodies to Breast Cancer Antigens in Breast Cancer Patients |
Oct 2011 |
80 pages |
| Authors:
Leah Novinger; VERMONT UNIV BURLINGTON
|
| The purpose of this project is to identify breast cancer antigens and autologous antibodies that breast cancer patients make to those antigens. The scope of this project is the development of new targeted therapeutics to treat breast cancer. Screening over a million clones from a patient tumor cDNA expression library with autologous serum has identified over 440 possible positive proteins revealing autoantibodies to at least six SEREX antigens and at ... |
|
| Immunotherapeutic Strategies in Breast Cancer: Preclinical and Clinical Trials |
Sep 2011 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Sandra J Gendler; MAYO CLINIC SCOTTSDALE AZ
|
| This project is focused on novel tumor vaccines directed at MUC1 and other tumor antigens. Our specific aims are: 1) To assess the effectiveness of vaccines against MUC1 and other tumor antigens in the prevention and treatment of spontaneous breast carcinomas in mice; 2) To translate an effective vaccine strategy into a phase I clinical trial in patients with undetectable disease following standard therapy. The model of spontaneous mammary cancer ... |
|
| Cloning and Expressing Recombinant Protective Antigen Domains of B. anthracis |
Sep 2011 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Deborah A Sarkes; Joshua M Kogot; Irene Val-Addo; Dimitra N Stratis-Cullum; Paul M Pellegrino; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD SENSORS AND ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE
|
| Protective antigen (PA) of Bacillus anthracis is a four-domain protein that is required for transport of edema factor (EF) and lethal factor (LF) into host cells during anthrax infection. Each of the four domains of PA plays a role in infection: host cell receptor binding, domain 4, PA heptamerization and host membrane insertion, domains 2 and 3, and EF and LF recognition and intracellular transport, domain 1. This report details ... |
|
| Advanced Developement of Leishmania Tropical Skin Test Antigen |
Sep 2011 |
139 pages |
| Authors:
Jr Nielsen H S; ALLERMED LABS INC SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Leishmania tropica Skin Test Antigen ( LtSTA) is lysate of microfluidized L. tropica promastigotes. The product is manufactured at a protein concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. Lot consistency is established by densitometry readings of SDS-PAGE gels and delayed-type skin tests in sensitized guinea pigs. The dominant proteins in the promastigote lysate are found at 8 kDa, 20kDa, 30kDa, and 56-58 kDa; of these, the 8 kDa and 56-58 kDa entities are ... |
|
| The Role of miRNAs in the Progression of Prostate Cancer from Androgen-Dependent to Androgen-Independent Stages |
Sep 2011 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Dandan Sun; VIRGINIA UNIV CHARLOTTESVILLE
|
| We used two genomic strategies for microRNA profiling, next generation sequencing and Locked Nucleic Acid miRNA microarrays, and verified the concordant changes by quantitative RT-PCR. miR-125b and members of miR-99 family (miR-99a, -99b, -100) were down-regulated in all three assays in the more advanced prostate cancer cell line C4-2 relative to the parental LNCaP cells. Similar decrease was seen in the transformed prostate cancer cell line WPE1-NB26 compared to its ... |
|
| Genes Associated with Food Allergy and Eosinophilic Esophagitis |
Sep 2011 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
David Broide; CALIFORNIA UNIV SAN DIEGO LA JOLLA
|
| The ingestion of food antigens plays an essential role in the development of eosinophilic esophagitis (EE) as total removal of dietary antigens by using an amino acid based oral formula improves clinical symptoms and esophageal histology in 98% of patients with EE within a month. EE is thought to be mediated by both IgE and non-IgE mediated food allergy. In this study we are particularly interested in identifying genes in ... |
|
| Development Of A Vaccine Targeting Triple-Negative Breast Cancer |
Sep 2011 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Denise Cecil; SEATTLE UNIV WA
|
| The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway plays an important role in breast cancer growth and metastasis. The IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) is over-expressed in almost 50% of triple negative breast cancers (TNBC). Thus, therapeutically targeting tumor cells which have upregulated IGF-IR may be a promising approach to treat TNBC. IGF-IR is immunogenic in breast cancer and is a potential target for active immunization. We sought to develop a vaccine that will ... |
|
| Lung Cancer Prevention Through Prophylactic Vaccination Against Endogenous Retroviral Antigens |
Sep 2011 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Hyam Levitsky; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD
|
| No form of disease prevention has had greater success than prophylactic immunization. Whereas therapeutic cancer vaccines have only marginal evidence of clinical efficacy, prophylactic vaccination against tumor-associated antigens can confer life-long protection in both transplantable and transgenic cancer models. Yet most non-virally associated cancers lack candidate antigens that could be targeted for human cancer prevention. Endogenous Retroviral sequences and other transposable elements (TEs) comprise almost 40% of the human genome. ... |
|
| Prostate Cancer Immunotherapy by Targeting Dendritic Cells In Vivo Using Receptor-Specific Aptamer Conjugated to Prostate Stem Cell Antigen (PSCA)-Encoding RNA |
Aug 2011 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Smita Nair; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| Dendritic cells (DCs), recognized as major antigen presenting cells, are uniquely equipped to initiate and regulate immune responses, making them a key target for developing new therapies. Although ex vivo DC therapy has shown promise, it is a customized, complex, patient-specific cell therapy that reduces its universal applicability for cancer. Directly targeting antigens to DCs in vivo will facilitate the development of an off-the-shelf tumor vaccine that circumvents the need ... |
|
| Immunotherapy With Magentorheologic Fluids |
Aug 2011 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
William J Murphy; Cahit Evrensel; CALIFORNIA UNIV SACRAMENTO CA DEPT OF DERMATOLOGY
|
| Successful anti-tumor effects are weakened by removal of the tumor antigen pool (i.e. surgery) or use of cytoreductive and immunosuppressive therapies (i.e. chemotherapy and radiation). We hypothesize that mechanical disruption of the tumor in situ will augment immune responses due to antigen release. Iron particles were injected as magneto-rheological fluid (MRF) into an orthotopic primary breast cancer and followed by application of a magnetic field to exert force and shear ... |
|
| Tulane/Xavier Vaccine Development/Engineering Project |
Aug 2011 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
John D Clements; Lucy Freytag; Vijay John; Tarun Mandal; TULANE UNIV NEW ORLEANS LA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| The Tulane/Xavier Biodefense Vaccine Development/Engineering project will develop new vaccines against biological threat agents to aid the war-fighter. Through the innovative use of nanotechnology, researchers and engineers from the Tulane University Schools of Medicine and Science & Engineering and the Xavier College of Pharmacy will fabricate nanoparticulate systems that are effective for transdermal and mucosal delivery of life-saving vaccines. One aim of this project will be to compare different nanocarriers ... |
|
| Development Of Medical Technology For Contingency Response To Marrow Toxic Agents |
29 JUL 2011 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen Spellman; NATIONAL MARROW DONOR PROGRAM MINNEAPOLIS MN
|
| This research covers four areas: 1. Contingency Preparedness: Collect information from transplant centers, build awareness of the Transplant Center Contingency Planning Committee and educate the transplant community about the critical importance of establishing a nationwide contingency response plan. 2. Rapid Identification of Matched Donors : Increase operational efficiencies that accelerate the search process and increase patient access are key to preparedness in a contingency event. 3. Immunogenetic Studies: Increase understanding ... |
|
| Targeting Tim-1 to Circumvent Immune Tolerance in Prostate Cancer |
JUL 2011 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Mohamed S. Arredouani; BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER BOSTON MA
|
| We have previously shown that manipulating lymphocytes through Tim1 receptor, a membrane protein that regulates the vigor and differentiation of T cells, using an agonist monoclonal antibody, enhances cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) responses to a model prostate tumor-associated antigen (SV40 T antigen) in tumor-free and tumor-bearing mice. This provided a tool to break immune tolerance to prostate tumor antigens in prostate cancer. We now demonstrate, using Tim1 deficient mice, that the ... |
|
| Dehydroepiandrosterone Derivatives as Potent Antiandrogens With Marginal Agonist Activity |
Jul 2011 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Hiroshi Miyamoto; ROCHESTER UNIV NY
|
| Enter a brief (approximately 200 words) We hypothesized that dehydroepiandrosterone metabolites or their synthetic derivatives are able to bind to the androgen receptor with low, if any, agonist activity and thus function as better antiandrogens than currently available ones. We previously identified three potential compounds with marginal androgenic activity. Using different prostate cancer cell lines, we evaluated the effects of these steroids on cell proliferation/apoptosis, cell migration/invasion, and the expression ... |
|
| Microfluidic Flow Retardation for Tagless Cancer Cell Analysis |
Jul 2011 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Robert Wieder; NEW JERSEY MEDICAL SCHOOL NEWARK
|
| We developed a microfluidic device to detect surface protein expression in individual cancer cells in small cell populations without prior labeling. We used LM2 cells (kind gift of Juan Massague, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, NY), derived from murine lung metastases of MDA-MB-231 cells that have a unique potential to re-metastasize to lung. We selected LM2 cells for 100% sustained expression of IL-13RA2 and cells without expression. We coated the channel ... |
|
| Genotype Diversity and Distribution of Orientia tsutsugamushi Causing Scrub Typhus in Thailand |
Jul 2011 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Toon Ruang-areerate; Pimmada Jeamwattanalert; Wuttikorn Rodkvamtook; Allen L Richards; Piyanate Sunyakumthorn; Jariyanart Gaywee; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Scrub typhus, caused by antigenically disparate isolates of Orientia tsutsugamushi, is a widely distributed mite-borne human disease in the Asia Pacific region. Information regarding the heterogeneity of the immunodominant 56-kDa type-specific antigen (TSA) gene is crucial for the design and evaluation of scrub typhusspecific diagnostic assays and vaccines. Using indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFA) and PCR assays, 0.tsutsugamushi was detected samples from rodents and patients with fever of unknown origin obtained ... |
|
| Enhancing Therapeutic Cellular Prostate Cancer Vaccines |
JUN 2011 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Christian Gomez; MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER MN
|
| Prostate cancer (CaP) is characterized by unique prostate-associated antigens; hence, it has been considered a prime candidate for immunotherapy. Despite numerous laboratory advances, clinical outcomes have been partial and transient. The overall goal of the proposed studies is to optimize the effectiveness of therapeutic whole-cell CaP vaccines by taking into consideration tumor-associated hypoxia as a relevant determinant of tumor antigenicity. Transcriptome studies revealed that gene expression in hypoxically cultured cells ... |
|
| Synthesis of PSA Inhibitors as SPECT- and PET-Based Imaging Agents for Prostate Cancer |
Jun 2011 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Maya Kostova; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD
|
| Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) is a well known serine protease used extensively as a biomarker for prostate cancer. PSA is produced by the normal epithelial cells of the prostate. High levels of enzymatically active PSA (high g to mg/ml concentrations, in the extracellular fluid) are produced by androgen dependent as well as androgen independent prostate cancers. Even though the expression of PSA is closely related to the cancer progression its role ... |
|
| Immunotherapy of Prostate Cancer With Genetically Enhanced Tumor-Specific T-Cell Precursors |
Jun 2011 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Marcel van den Brink; SLOAN-KETTERING INST FOR CANCER RESEARCH NEW YORK
|
| Precursor (Pre) T cells, when adoptively transferred further develop in the thymus into mature T cells, that is capable of lysing tumors. The overall objective of this project is to develop an effective off the shelf adoptive cell therapy with PreT cells targeting prostate cancer. To enhance the anti-tumor activity of PreT cells we transduced these cells with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-Pz1 targeting the prostate cancer associated antigen - ... |
|
| National Biocontainment Training Center |
Jun 2011 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
James LeDuc; TEXAS UNIV MEDICAL BRANCH AT GALVESTON
|
| The National Biocontainment Training Center (NBTC) provides standards-based theoretical and practical training to trainees and professionals preparing for work in biocontainment laboratories where especially dangerous pathogens will be handled. Training is staged and appropriately targeted to requirements for biological safety level 2 (BSL-2), BSL-3 and BSL-4. Structured coursework is designed to prepare trainees to safely manipulate pathogens, including growth, genetic and antigenic characterization, and molecular studies of pathogenesis. Coursework includes ... |
|
| Second-Generation Therapeutic DNA Lymphoma Vaccines |
MAY 2011 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Larry Kwak; M D ANDERSON CANCER CENTER HOUSTON TX
|
| The idea of genetic vaccination originated from the observation that injection of DNA into living animals resulted in expression of gene products in vivo. Preclinical studies revealed that genetic immunization induced both antigen-specific antibody and cytotoxic T lymphocyte. Early human trials of DNA vaccines have been mainly focused on infectious disease, and vaccines against malignant disease have activated anti-tumor immunity in cancer patients and extended remission. Compared with proteins or ... |
|
| A Novel Anti-Beta2-Microglobulin Antibody Inhibition of Androgen Receptor Expression, Survival, and Progression in Prostate Cancer Cells |
MAY 2011 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Wen-Chin Huang; CEDARS-SINAI MEDICAL CENTER LOS ANGELES CA
|
| Beta2-microglobulin (beta2M) is a signaling and growth-promoting factor stimulating prostate cancer cell proliferation and progression. Blockade of the beta2M signaling axis by anti-beta2M monoclonal antibody (beta2M mAb) resulted in the inhibition of androgen receptor (AR) and its target gene, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and the induction of programmed death of prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. We identified a new cis-acting element, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) binding site, ... |
|
| Mechanisms of Invariant Natural Killer T Cell-Mediated Immunoregulation in Cancer |
May 2011 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Karsten Pilones; NEW YORK UNIV NY
|
| Invariant natural killer (iNKT) cells are a unique population of immune cells that rapidly secrete a variety of cytokines upon activation and have been implicated in a autoimmune diseases, infection as well as cancer. In cancer, iNKT cells have generally been attributed potent anti-tumor functions but our studies using the murine 4T1 mammary carcinoma indicate a regulatory/ suppressive function that markedly affects response to treatment with radioimmunotherapy. We proposed to ... |
|
| Commensal Gut-Derived Anaerobes as Novel Therapy for Inflammatory Autoimmune Diseases |
May 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Ashutosh Mangalam; MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER MN
|
| Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are chronic inflammatory autoimmune diseases affecting millions of people. Here we are proposing a novel approach to cure MS, by administration of a specific strain of human commensal-bacteria. Recent studies have shown that intestinal microflora plays an important role in the health of the host and posses probiotics like qualities. We hypothesize that Gram-negative commensal bacteria from human gut have the potential to ... |
|
| Discrimination of Major Capsular Types of Campylobacter jejuni by Multiplex PCR |
May 2011 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Frederic Poly; Oralak Serichatalergs; Marc Schulman; Jennifer Ju; Cory N Cates; Margaret Kanipes; Carl Mason; Patricia Guerry; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| The polysaccharide capsule (CPS) of Campylobacler jejuni is the major serodeterminant of the Pennel' serotyping scheme. There are 47 Penner serotypes of C. jejuni, 22 of which fall into complexes of related se.-otypes. A multiplex J CR method for determination of capsule types of Campy/obacler jejuni which is simpler and more affordable than classical Penner typing was developed. Primers specific for each capsule type were designed on the basis or ... |
|
| Solidago Vigaurea for Prostate Cancer Therapy |
APR 2011 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
Kounsouke Watabe; SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV SPRINGFIELD
|
| Adenocarcinoma of the prostate is currently the most prevalent cancer in men in the United States and represents 36% of all cancers among men (1). It is estimated that more than 210,000 new cases are diagnosed and 32,000 patients succumb to this disease every year (1). Although patients with localized lesions can be cured by radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy, more than 90% of cancer deaths are attributed to metastatic disease ... |
|
Reports by Keyword(s)
ANTIGENS
