| Using Multiple Robust Parameter Design Techniques to Improve Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection Algorithm Performance |
Mar-2009 |
157 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew Davis; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
 | Detecting and identifying objects of interest is the goal of all remote sensing. New advances, specifically in hyperspectral imaging technology have provided the analyst with immense amounts of data requiring evaluation. Several filtering techniques or anomaly detection algorithms have been proposed. However, most new algorithms are insufficiently verified to be robust to the broad range of hyperspectral data being made available. One such algorithm, AutoGAD, is tested here via two ... |
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| Analysis and Application of the Bi-Directional Scatter Distribution Function of Photonic Crystals |
Mar-2009 |
85 pages |
| Authors:
Robert B Lamott; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT/DEPT OF ENGINEERING PHYSICS
|
| Photonic crystals (PCs) are periodic structures built from materials with different refractive indices repeated at sub-wavelength intervals, which results in unusual optical characteristics, including narrowband laser protection, and zero reflectance and high absorption anomalies. Most of the research into the optical properties of PCs has concentrated only on the small range of wavelengths and angles where these effects occur. To better understand where all light leaving a PC is scattered, ... |
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| Information and Motion Pattern Learning and Analysis Using Neural Techniques |
28-Feb-2009 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Brad Rhodes; Neil Bomberger; Majid Zandipour; Denis Garagic; James Dankert; BAE SYSTEMS ADVANCED INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES INC BURLINGTON MA
|
| This work addressed the development and application of neural models for higher-level information fusion at Levels 2+/3 according to the JDL Data Fusion Group Process Model. We explored several new concepts based on insights from neural processing, learning, and representation. Building on some initial prior work under AFOSR sponsorship, we continued investigation of mechanisms to rapidly and incrementally learn models of normal behavior exhibited by moving tracked entities. These models ... |
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| Proactive Self Defense in Cyberspace |
17-Feb-2009 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Bruce D Caulkins; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The most prevalent form of warfare in the 21st Century will occur in cyberspace. Cyberwarfare can take on many forms and levels of volatility and the persistent environment of cyberwarfare will force network and systems security specialists to continue improving upon their tools of the trade. Most of these tools are reactive in nature. The U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and other government agencies need to develop a blend of ... |
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| Development Strategy for Effective Sampling to Detect Possible Nutrient Fluxes in Oligotrophic Coastal Reef Waters in the Caribbean |
Jan-2009 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
W G Mendoza; R G Zika; J E Corredor; J S Morrel; D Ko; C N Mooers; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| The stress contributed by nutrients to the coral reef ecosystem is among many problems that may be resolved using the coastal ocean observing system developed by various institutions. Traditional nutrient sampling has been inadequate to resolve issues on episodic nutrient fluxes in reef regions due spatial variability. This paper illustrates sampling strategy using COOS information to identify areas that need critical investigation. The area investigated the Puerto Rico subdomain. Nutrient ... |
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| The Use of Geometric Diversity for Spectral Dominance in Underground Imaging |
Jan-2009 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Danilo Erricolo; Lo; Lorenzo Monte; Rashid Ansari; Michael C Wicks; ILLINOIS UNIV AT CHICAGO
|
| Underground imaging of dielectric and conductive anomalies performed using ground penetrating radars (GPRs) requires expensive wideband systems to increase the resolution. The advent of tomographic principles in multi-monostatic GPRs dramatically improved the imaging capabilities and suggested the possibility of reducing the bandwidth of the probing waveform. In this work we propose to extend the tomographic principles to the case of below-ground distributed sensing, thus taking advantage of the geometric diversity. ... |
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| An Analysis of the Ticonderoga Class Guided Missile Cruisers 1B1B Account |
Dec-2008 |
151 pages |
| Authors:
Brian M Johnson; Martin L Edmonds; Jeff A Finlay; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The purpose of this MBA Project is to review the current budgeting model and existing ship's Operating Target (OPTAR) data for fiscal year (FY) 2006 and 2007. The scope of analysis is limited to the Ticonderoga Class Cruiser (CG) 1B1B OPTAR other consumable (SO) account. The objective of this paper is to analyze the operating costs supporting the funding allocation method used by Commander, Naval Surface Force (CNSF) in support ... |
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| Multi-Sensor Information Integration and Automatic Understanding |
Nov-2008 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew Welborn; Austin Eliazar; SIGNAL INNOVATIONS GROUP INC DURHAM NC
|
| This document is submitted to ONR as a final report for the Year III effort of the ONR C2CS research carried out by the team of Signal Innovations Group (SIG), Lockheed Martin and NAVAIR (henceforth referred to as the research team) to developed technology to process general video data of interest for base and port security. This research effort has also produced a real-time implementation of the tracking and anomalous ... |
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| Demonstration of Helicopter Multi-sensor Towed Array Detection System (MTADS) Magnetometry at Former Camp Beale, California |
01-Oct-2008 |
94 pages |
| Authors:
David Wright; Jack Foley; SKY RESEARCH ASHLAND OR
|
| Helicopter Multisensor Towed Array Detection System (MTADS) Magnetometry (HeliMag) technology was demonstrated as part of the ESTCP Wide Area Assessment Pilot Program. This report documents the acquisition, processing, analysis, and interpretation of Helicopter Multisensor Towed Array Detection System Magnetometry data for unexploded ordnance related sites at nearly 5,000 acres at former Camp Beale, California. The performance criteria for positioning accuracy, system noise, data density, MEC parameter estimates, and operating parameters ... |
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| Demonstration of Helicopter Multi-Towed Array Detection System (MTADS) Magnetometry Technology at Pueblo Precision Bombing Range #2, Colorado |
28-Aug-2008 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
David Wright; Jack Foley; SKY RESEARCH ASHLAND OR
|
| The Pueblo Precision Bombing Range is located in Otero County, Colorado. This site is classified by the United States Government as a Formerly Used Defense Site (FUDS) and was a World War II-era military training facility. This demonstration utilized Helicopter Multi-Sensor Towed Array Detection System (MTADS) Magnetometry (HeliMag) technology, a wide area assessment technology. A data collection survey was conducted in September of 2005 and resulted in the survey of ... |
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| Next-Generation Botnet Detection and Response |
24-Jun-2008 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Wenke Lee; GEORGIA INST OF TECH ATLANTA CENTER FOR EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH IN COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| In this project, we developed dynamic DNS monitoring heuristics to identify domains used for botnet command and control, as well as anomaly detection algorithms for Recursive DNS servers at ISPs and enterprise networks to detect botnet command and control activities. We also developed botnet detection systems for enterprise networks. These systems include BotHunter, BotSniffer, BotMiner, and BotProbe. We formed a start-up company Damballa, Inc. to deliver anti-botnet technologies to government ... |
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| Climatic Variations in Tropical West African Rainfall and the Implications for Military Planners |
01-Jun-2008 |
111 pages |
| Authors:
Christi S Montgomery; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| We have identified statistical and dynamical relationships between summer rainfall variations in tropical West Africa (TWA) and El Nino/La Nina (ENLN) events in the tropical Pacific. Our primary data sets were the National Centers for Environmental Prediction / National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis fields and the Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI) for the period 1970-2007. Correlations of TWA rainfall and MEI time series showed that high (low) TWA rainfall was ... |
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| Demonstration of Airborne Wide Area Assessment Technologies at Kirtland Precision Bombing Range, New Mexico |
01-Apr-2008 |
58 pages |
| Authors:
ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY TECHNOLOGY CERTIFICATION PROGRAM OFFICE (DOD) ARLINGTON VA
|
| The former Kirtland Precision Bombing Range is located near Albuquerque, New Mexico. This site is classified by the United States Government as a Formerly Used Defense Site (FUDS) and was a World War II-era military training facility. This demonstration utilized Helicopter Multi-sensor Towed Array Detection System (MTADS) Magnetometry (HeliMag) technology, a wide area assessment technology. A data collection survey was conducted in October of 2005 and resulted in the survey ... |
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| Fundamental Electronic Structure Characteristics and Mechanical Behavior of Aerospace Materials |
APR 2008 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Arthur J. Freeman; Oleg Y. Kontsevoi; Yuri N. Gornostyrev; Nadezhda I. Medvedeva; NORTHWESTERN UNIV EVANSTON IL DEPT OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY
|
| To fulfill the great potential of intermetallic alloys for high temperature structural applications, it is essential to understand the mechanisms controlling their mechanical behavior on the microscopic level. We focus on the mechanical behavior of homogeneous intermetallics with LI 2 and B2 structures, two-phase `ly' alloys, and bcc transition metals and their alloys. Based on highly-accurate total energy calculations and large-scale Peierls-Nabarro and atomistic modeling, we investigated the relation between ... |
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| Evaluation of Target Picking Methods for Magnetic Data |
Mar-2008 |
122 pages |
| Authors:
Tom Furuya; Stephen Billings; SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL CORP (SAIC) CARY NC
|
| Due to the large numbers (up to tens of thousands) of possible targets identified in nominal UXO surveys, efficient and reliable machine-aided target pickers should be used to identify targets for subsequent characterization. When selecting anomalies, the goal is to identify all anomalous features that may be caused by UXO while minimizing operator time and eliminating operator bias. To facilitate advanced physics-based modeling, however, the target pickers should also be ... |
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| Long-Range Statistical Forecasting of Korean Summer Precipitation |
MAR 2008 |
145 pages |
| Authors:
Jr Tournay Robert C.; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| We examined long-range statistical forecasting methods for Korean summer precipitation (KSP). We reviewed existing literature on the East Asian summer monsoon to develop a background on current KSP research and on the relationship of KSP to climate variations. Second, we explored interannual variability of KSP using composite and correlation analyses. We found that circulation anomalies in the spring prior to the monsoon in the tropical northwest Pacific alter sea surface ... |
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| Dislocation Core and Cross Slip Properties in Metals and Intermetallics: Linking ab initio and Continuum Approaches |
13-Feb-2008 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Nicholas G Kioussis; CALIFORNIA STATE UNIV NORTHRIDGE DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| 1) Developed, tested, and implemented a novel concurrent multiscale approach which improves the coupling-quality between the quantum and the classical atomistic regions. This approach, which allows for the first time the study of the dislocation core structure and the effect of chemistry (impurities) on the dislocation core, was applied successfully to aluminum. 2) Developed and applied a novel sequential multiscale approach which couples ab initio and continuum approaches to study ... |
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| Dismantling the Deep Earth: Geochemical Constraints from Hotspot Lavas for the Origin and Lengthscales of Mantle Heterogeneity |
FEB 2008 |
|
| Authors:
Matthew G. Jackson; WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION MA
|
 | Chapter 1 presents the first published measurements of Sr-isotope variability in olivine-hosted melt inclusions. Melt inclusions in just two Samoan basalt hand samples exhibit most of the total Sr-isotope variability observed in Samoan lavas. Chapter 3 deals with the largest possible scales of mantle heterogeneity, and presents the highest magmatic 3He/4He (33.8 times atmospheric) discovered in Samoa and the southern hemisphere. Along with Samoa, the highest 3He/4He sample from each ... |
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| Ensemble-Based Estimates of the Predictability of Wind-Driven Coastal Ocean Flow Over Topography |
Jan-2008 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
Chris Snyder; R M Samelson; Sangil Kim; OREGON STATE UNIV CORVALLIS COLL OF OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
|
| The predictability of coastal ocean circulation over the central Oregon shelf, a region of strong wind-driven currents and variable topography, is studied using ensembles of 50-day primitive-equation ocean model simulations with realistic topography, simplified lateral boundary conditions, and forcing from both idealized and observed wind time-series representative of the summer upwelling season. The main focus is on the balance, relevant to practical predictability, between deterministic response to known or well-predicted ... |
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| Anomalous Conditions in the Middle Atmosphere During Boreal Winters of 2004 and 2006 |
31 DEC 2007 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Peter P. Wintersteiner; ARCON CORP WALTHAM MA
|
| An examination of SABER data for boreal winter reveals extraordinary conditions in the mesosphere early in 2004 and 2006. In portions of the polar region, during much but not all of the mid-January through mid-March period for which data are available in each of those years, the OH layer is unusually low and bright. The temperature structure in also greatly perturbed, from the stratosphere to the upper mesosphere. Specifically, the ... |
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| Proton Flux Anisotropy in Low Earth Orbit |
03 DEC 2007 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Gregory P. Ginet; Bronislaw K. Dichter; Donald H. Brautigam; Dan Madden; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
|
| Proton flux anisotropy as a function of altitude in the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) is investigated using data from the Compact Environment Sensor (CEASE) flown onboard the Tri-Service Experiment-5 (TSX-5) satellite from June 2000 to July 2006. In a 410 x 1710 km, 69 degree inclination orbit, TSX-5 spanned a broad range of the low Earth orbit regime. Using measurements of total dose, integral energy flux >40 MeV and the ... |
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| Hall Thruster Electron Mobility Investigation using Full 3D Monte Carlo Trajectory Simulations (Preprint) |
24 AUG 2007 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Darren A. Alman; Joshua L. Rovey; Robert A. Stubbers; Brian E. Jurczyk; STARFIRE INDUSTRIES LLC CHAMPAIGN IL
|
| Axial electron transport represents a loss in efficiency for crossed field devices, such as Hall-effect thrusters (HETs). Previous experimental and computational investigations have revealed an anomalous axial mobility that cannot be explained with classical theory. This work describes the development of a computational model that calculates electron mobility in HETs using known electric and magnetic fields. Specifically, a full 3D Monte Carlo trajectory simulation code is developed to simulate HET ... |
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| Evaluation of Airborne Remote Sensing Techniques for Predicting the Distribution of Energetic Compounds on Impact Areas |
AUG 2007 |
202 pages |
| Authors:
Mark R. Graves; Linda P. Dove; Thomas F. Jenkins; Susan Bigl; Marianne E. Walsh; Alan D. Hewitt; Dennis Lambert; Nancy Perron; Charles Ramsey; Jeff Gamey; Les Beard; William E. Doll; Dale Magoun; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| The characterization of impact area munitions constituents has typically employed traditional soil sampling approaches. These sampling approaches do not accurately account for the distribution of such contaminants over the landscape due to the distributed nature of explosive compound sources throughout impact areas, the highly localized distribution of contaminants surrounding these sources, and inaccurate records of historical target locations. Remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) technologies were utilized to assist ... |
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| Non-Invasive Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectral Characterization of Breast Tissue Anomalies Using Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence |
AUG 2007 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Jerry A. Darsey; Diana Lindquist; Dan Buzatu; Ronald Walker; Steven Harms; ARKANSAS UNIV AT LITTLE ROCK
|
| It is highly desirable to develop a non-invasive spectroscopic and pattern recognition technique that can detect and reliably interpret images or spectral data from small volumes of the breast. Due to the pervasive nature of breast cancer in society today, and the consequent need of a highly accurate, early diagnostic tool, this is a very timely proposal that could have a significant impact on women's health. Patient ROtating Delivery of ... |
|
| Multi-Sensor Information Integration and Automatic Understanding |
AUG 2007 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew Welborn; Samantha Venters; SIGNAL INNOVATIONS GROUP INC DURHAM NC
|
| During the last reporting period, important progress has been made in the system for both the object tracking and anomalous behavior algorithms. We have completed significant enhancements to the background color modeling that improves both the efficiency and performance of the overall system, allowing more consistent and robust object tracking and anomalous behavior detection. In addition, we have completed several data collection programs, including efforts that will support analysis for ... |
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| Constitutive Modelling of the Shock Behaviour of a Highly Porous Material |
JUL 2007 |
|
| Authors:
A. D. Resnyansky; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION EDINBURGH (AUSTRALIA) WEAPONS SYSTEMS DIV
|
| The report studies the constitutive behaviour of highly porous materials. This study is driven by efforts for the development and validation of a multi-phase modelling capability in DSTO, which aims at an enhanced evaluation of blast mitigation by porous materials. A two-phase model is employed for the description of a porous material, for which experimental shock velocity data are widely available in literature. The method deriving Hugoniots from the shock ... |
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| Developing Collaborative Profiles of Attackers: A Longitudinal Study |
04 MAY 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Salvatore Stolfo; Janak Parekh; Michael Locasto; COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| We implemented a new content anomaly detector, Anagram, which models a mixture of high-order n-grams (n > 1) designed to detect anomalous and "suspicious" network packet payloads. For both Anagram and previously developed anomaly detector, Payl, we explored possible ways in which payload-based correlation can be applied, so that the alerts generated by both sensors can be included in our "collaborative security" infrastructure, called Worminator. Worminator is designed to exchange ... |
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| Sensor Fusion for Intelligent Behavior on Small Unmanned Ground Vehicles |
02-May-2007 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
H R Everett; G Kogut; G Ahuja; B Sights; E B Pacis; SPACE AND NAVAL WARFARE SYSTEMS COMMAND SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Sensors commonly mounted on small unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) include visible light and thermal cameras, scanning LIDAR, and ranging sonar. Sensor data from these sensors is vital to emerging autonomous robotic behaviors. However, sensor data from any given sensor can become noisy or erroneous under a range of conditions, reducing the reliability of autonomous operations. We seek to increase this reliability through data fusion. Data fusion includes characterizing the strengths ... |
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| Demonstration of Airborne Wide Area Assessment Technologies at the Toussaint River, Ohio |
17 APR 2007 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Jack Foley; David Wright; SKY RESEARCH ASHLAND OR
|
| The former Erie Army Depot, Ottawa County, Ohio, is located along the western shore of Lake Erie. This site and the associated impact areas are classified by the United States Government as Formerly Used Defense Sites (FUDS) and was formerly used for artillery testing, resulting in impact areas on land and in Lake Erie. This demonstration utilized Helicopter Multi-Towed Array Detection System (MTADS) Magnetometry (HeliMag) technology, a wide area assessment ... |
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| Is Host-Based Anomaly Detection + Temporal Correlation = Worm Causality |
06 MAR 2007 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Vyas Sekar; Yinglian Xie; Michael K. Reiter; Hui Zhang; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| Epidemic-spreading attacks (e.g., worm and botnet propagation) have a natural notion of attack causality - a single network flow causes a victim host to get infected and subsequently spread the attack. This paper is motivated by a simple question regarding the diagnosis of such attacks - is it possible to establish attack-causality through network-level monitoring, without relying on signatures and attack-specific properties? Using the observation that communication patterns of normal ... |
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| Improved Hyperspectral Image Testing Using Synthetic Imagery and Factorial Designed Experiments |
MAR 2007 |
113 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph P. Bellucci; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| The goal of any remote sensing system is to gather data about the geography it is imaging. In order to gain knowledge of the earth's landscape, post-processing algorithms are developed to extract information from the collected data. The algorithms can be intended to classify the various ground covers in a scene, identify specific targets of interest, or detect anomalies in an image. After the design of an algorithm comes the ... |
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| Possible Gravitational Anomalies in Quantum Materials. Phase 2: Experiment Assembly, Qualification and Test Results |
FEB 2007 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
M. Tajmar; AUSTRIAN RESEARCH CENTERS SEIBERSDORF RESEARCH (ARCS) SEIBERSDORF (AUSTRIA)
|
| The author recently published a paper, suggesting for the first time that a reported disagreement between experimental measurements and theoretical predictions for the magnetic field in rotating superconductors might arise from an anomalous high-order gravitomagnetic contribution (also known as frame dragging or Lense-Thirring effect). In normal matter, the ratio between electromagnetic and gravitational fields is given by the difference in the respective permeabilities. However, magnetic fields generated as a consequence ... |
|
| Effects of Conjugation in Length and Dimension on Two-Photon Properties of Fluorene-Based Chromophores (Preprint) |
JAN 2007 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Ruth Pachter; Kiet A. Nguyen; Paul N. Day; Ramamurthi Kannan; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
|
| We report the computed two-photon (TPA) absorption spectra based upon the results obtained from quadratic response time-dependent density functional theory for fluorine-based donor-pi-acceptor molecules. Coulomb attenuated functionals with a long-range exchange contribution are applied to predict TPA excitation energies and cross sections and to account for the observed spectral anomalies. The effects of conjugation and multibranching on the TPA spectra are discussed. |
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| New Metrics for Characterizing and Predicting Network Behavior |
JAN 2007 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph E. Johnson; Vladimir Gudkov; Chin-Tser Huang; Cilia Farkas; Duncan Buell; SOUTH CAROLINA UNIV RESEARCH FOUNDATION COLUMBIA
|
| Networks are systems of point (nodes) with connections among some pairs of nodes measuring the degree of linkage. Networks represent an entire problem domain of many of the most difficult and unsolved mathematical problems. The objective of this effort was to formulate a foundational structure for networks and specifically develop new mathematical metrics for the description of networks in order to usefully describe both the static and dynamic properties of ... |
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| Traffic Profiling in Wireless Sensor Networks |
DEC 2006 |
87 pages |
| Authors:
Georgios Kirykos; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Network security is vital in wireless networks that are widely used today. We desire wireless networks that maintain a high degree of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Wireless sensor networks pose unique challenges and limitations to the traditional schemes, which are used in the other wireless networks for security protection, and are due mainly to the increased vulnerability of physical attacks, energy and communication limitations. This thesis introduces the foundations of ... |
|
| Clutter Removal and Inversion of Eddy-Current Impedance Data (Postprint) |
DEC 2006 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Harold A. Sabbagh; Elias H. Sabbagh; R. K. Murphy; John C. Aldrin; Jeremy S. Knopp; Eric Lindgren; VICTOR TECHNOLOGIES LLC BLOOMINGTON IN
|
| A wide variety of problems in computational electromagnetics have been successfully solved using a volume-integral approach along with conjugate-gradient methods. The volume integral algorithm is particularly well suited to the notion of model-based inversion of eddy-current impedance data in the arena of quantitative nondestructive evaluation (NDE). The first step in preparing data for inversion is to remove 'clutter,' which can originate in systematic measurement errors, or simply be a large ... |
|
| Center for Advanced Sensors, Year One Funding (FY2005) |
30 OCT 2006 |
76 pages |
| Authors:
Carl Halford; Stacie Patterson; MEMPHIS UNIV TN
|
| The Center for Advanced Sensors presents the research results for the first year of effort. Research is reported on networked sensors, modeling performance for sensors with image processing enhancements, THz imager modeling, mammalian vision, infrared displays, and wavefront sensors. The Annual Program Plan goals and objectives were met. Milestones included: (1) building an ontology-based, knowledge repository of representative sensors, (2) establishing methodology for incorporating image processing techniques into existing performance ... |
|
| Characterization of Breast Masses Using a new Method of Ultrasound Contract Agent Imaging in 3D Mapping of Vascular Anomalies |
OCT 2006 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
Gerald L. LeCarpentier; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR
|
| Doppler ultrasound and other imaging modalities have been used to assess characteristics of vasculature associated with malignant breast masses. 3D contrast refill imaging should help visualize slow-flow in small neo-vasculature associated with these masses. The dual-transducer method investigated is expected to provide vascular mapping while minimizing acquisition time, the major limitation of techniques such as interval-imaging (I-I) and real-time (RT) imaging. Phantom tube-flow studies confirmed the method as viable in ... |
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| Distinguishing Novel Usage From Novel Attacks |
SEP 2006 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Carla Marceau; ATC-NY ITHACA NY
|
| In this project, ATC-NY is developing methods for evaluating anomalous behavior concurrently with reacting to it. Anomalous events that are not so suspicious as to cause an immediate alarm are continually reexamined in the light of later events, with the goal of eventually understanding whether they are benign or malign. As time goes on, the IDS should become familiar with common attacks, even while it continually adapts to small changes ... |
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| Sample Entropy and Random Forests: A Methodology for Anomaly-based Intrusion Detection and Classification of Low-bandwidth Malware Attacks |
SEP 2006 |
81 pages |
| Authors:
Bret M. Hyla; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Sample Entropy examines changes in the normal distribution of network traffic to identify anomalies. Normalized Information examines the overall probability distribution in a data set. Random Forests is a supervised learning algorithm which is efficient at classifying highlyimbalanced data. Anomalies are exceedingly rare compared to the overall volume of network traffic. The combination of these methods enables low-bandwidth anomalies to easily be identified in high-bandwidth network traffic. Using only low-dimensional ... |
|
| Non-Invasive Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectral Characterization of Breast Tissue Anomalies Using Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence |
AUG 2006 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Jerry A. Darsey; Diana Lindquist; Dan Buzatu; Ronald Walker; Steven Harms; ARKANSAS UNIV AT LITTLE ROCK
|
| It is highly desirable to develop a non-invasive and pattern recognition technique that can detect and reliably interpret images or spectral data from small volumes of the breast. Due to the pervasive nature of breast cancer in society today, and the consequent need of a highly accurate, early diagnostic tool, this is a very timely proposal that could have a significant impact on women's health. Patient ROtating Delivery of Excitation ... |
|
| A Comprehensive Reasoning Framework for Information Survivability (User Intent Encapsulation and Reasoning About Intrusion: Implementation and Performance Assessment) |
AUG 2006 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
Shambhu Upadhyaya; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| This effort approaches the problem of user-level intrusion detection by investigating the design and implementation of a practical online user-level intrusion detection system. The outcome of this research is a Dynamic Reasoning based User Intent Driven (DRUID) intrusion detection system. It is important to pay attention to deployment-time issues such as usability and evasion, otherwise it may lead to a situation where the security system is deployed but is either ... |
|
| MINDS: Architecture & Design |
14 JUL 2006 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Varun Chandola; Eric Eilertson; Levent Ertoz; Gyorgy Simon; Vipin Kumar; MINNESOTA UNIV MINNEAPOLIS DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| This chapter provides an overview of the Minnesota Intrusion Detection System (MINDS), which uses a suite of data mining based algorithms to address diff erent aspects of cyber security. The various components of MINDS such as the scan detector, anomaly detector and the profiling module detect different types of attacks and intrusions on a computer network. The scan detector aims at detecting scans which are the percusors to any network ... |
|
| Morphology of Southern Hemisphere Riometer Auroral Absorption |
01 JUN 2006 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
A. J. Foppiano; UNIVERSIDAD DE CONCEPCION (CHILE) DEPARTAMENTO DE GEOFISICA
|
| A morphology of riometer auroral absorption is derived from hourly values, determined at several Southern Hemisphere stations, located both near the centre of the auroral absorption zone and at higher and lower latitude fringes of the zone. Since spatial coverage of the data precludes a detailed morphology determination, use was made as guideline at all stages of an auroral absorption model derived for the Northern Hemisphere (NH). The day-to-day variability ... |
|
| Morphological Characteristics of L-Band Scintillations and Their Impact on GPS Signals - A Quantitative Study on the Precursors for the Occurrence of Scintillations |
01 JUN 2006 |
80 pages |
| Authors:
P. V. Rao; S. T. Ram; S. G. Krishua; K. Niranjan; D. S. Prasad; ANDHRA UNIV VISHAKHAPATNAM (INDIA) DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| The scintillation data (S4-index) at the L-band frequency of 1.575 GHz recorded from 18 GPS receivers installed at different locations in India under the GAGAN project has given an unique opportunity, for the first time in the Indian region, to make a simultaneous study of spatio-temporal and intensity characteristics of the trans-ionospheric scintillations during the low sunspot activity (LSSA) period from January 2004 to July 2005. During this period the ... |
|
| Dynamics of Eastern Boundary Currents and Their Effects on Sound Speed Structure |
01 JUN 2006 |
91 pages |
| Authors:
Vanessa M. Guthrie; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Identifying the influence of eastern boundary current (EBC) dynamical processes on sound speed structure can provide better ocean models for acoustic predictions in littoral regions. This study will explore the effects of currents, wind and eddies on the sound speed structure of two different EBC models, the North Canary Current System (NCCS) and the Leeuwin Current System (LCS). These systems represent classical features of EBCs as well as regional anomalies. ... |
|
| Variability in Global-Scale Circulations and Their Impacts on Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Activity |
JUN 2006 |
99 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew J. Rosencrans; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF METEOROLOGY
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| In this study, intraseasonal variations in Southern Hemisphere mid-latitude large-scale circulations are examined with respect to environmental factors over the tropical North Atlantic that may be favorable or unfavorable for tropical cyclone formation. Favorable impacts on tropical Atlantic circulation characteristics are defined by an increase in low-level relative vorticity, a decrease in westerly vertical wind shear, and increased convection in the West African monsoon (WAM). The second and third modes ... |
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| The Northwest Tropical Atlantic Station (NTAS): NTAS-4 Mooring Turnaround Cruise Report |
MAY 2006 |
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| Authors:
Albert J. Plueddemann; William M. Ostrom; Nancy R. Gaibraith; Paul R. Bouchard; Brian P. Hogue; Brandon R. Wasnewski; M. A. alsh; WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION MA
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| The Northwest Tropical Atlantic Station (NTAS) was established to address the need for accurate air-sea flux estimates and upper ocean measurements in a region with strong sea surface temperature anomalies and the likelihood of significant local air-sea interaction on interannual to decadal timescales. The approach is to maintain a surface mooring outfitted for meteorological and oceanographic measurements at a site near 150N, 510W by successive mooring turnarounds. These observations will ... |
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| Mitigating the Insider Threat Using High-Dimensional Search and Modeling |
APR 2006 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Eric Van Den Berg; Shambhu Uphadyaya; Phi H. Ngo; Muthu Muthukrishnan; Rajago Palan; TELCORDIA TECHNOLOGIES INC PISCATAWAY NJ
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| In this project a system was built aimed at mitigating insider attacks centered around a high-dimensional search engine for correlating the large number of monitoring streams necessary for detecting insider attacks. Further accomplishments in this project include an insider attack modeling and analysis tool called MAPIT, developed by SUNY Buffalo, and a novel sketch-based anomaly detection sensor developed by Rutgers University, which can be used for detecting anomalies in IP ... |
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| Neural Methods for Imagery, GMTI, and Information Fusion |
15 MAR 2006 |
123 pages |
| Authors:
Brad Rhodes; Neil Bomberger; Michael Seibert; Allen Waxman; BAE SYSTEMS ADVANCED INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES INC BURLINGTON MA
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| This work addressed the development and application of neural models of multi-sensor, multi-modal data and information fusion at Levels 0, 1, 2, and 2+/3 according to the JDL Data Fusion Group Process Model. In order to support multisensor IMINT and GMTI fusion and 3D visualization, we constructed a 3D site model of the docks and surrounding areas in Mobile, AL, which enables search using our existing image mining tools, and ... |
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