| Nano-energetics Program |
09 Aug 2012 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Mitat A Birkan; AIR FORCE OFFICE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ARLINGTON VA
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| Performance-Enhancing Materials for Future Generation Explosives and Propellants |
25 May 2012 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Mark A Petrie; Gary Koolpe; Ripudaman Malhotra; Paul Penwell; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
|
 | During this grant, SRI has made progress in areas of interest to Navy work thrusts, specifically ammonium perchlorate oxidizer replacement and candidates for insensitive munitions. N-oxidation of nitro-heterocycles can boost oxygen content and increase density of the parent material. Through this work, synthesis methodology for more difficult ring N-oxidation of a variety of nitroheterocycles has been expanded. SRI has explored the limits of N-oxidation using hypofluorous acid (HOF) and persulfate ... |
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| Photo-ignition of Liquid Fuel Spray and Solid Rocket Fuel by Carbon Nanotube Utilizing a Camera Flash |
Dec 2011 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Alireza Badakhshan; Stephen Danczyk; David Wirth; Laurent Pilon; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIR
|
| We have studied the ignition of fuel sprays and solid rocket fuels by the photo-ignition of single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) with an ordinary camera flash. Our investigation includes the effects of O2 concentration and the presence of solid oxidizers such as ammonium perchlorate (AP) on the minimum ignition energy (MIE) as well as the duration and temperature of the reaction. We have shown that by mixing CNT with other ... |
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| Ignition of Liquid Fuel Spray and Simulated Solid Rocket Fuel by Photoignition of Carbon Nanotube Utilizing a Camera Flash |
Dec 2011 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
A Badakhshan; S A Danczyk; D Wirth; L Pilon; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIR
|
| We have studied the ignition of fuel sprays and simulated solid rocket fuels (SRF) by the photoignition of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with an ordinary camera flash. Our investigation includes the effect of solid additives such as aluminum nano-particles and solid oxidizers such as ammonium perchlorate (AP) on the photoignition characteristics. We have shown that by mixing CNT with other nanoparticles and powdered material, the ignition parameters such as; ... |
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| Trinitromethyl Ethers and Other Derivatives as Superior Oxidizers |
26 Aug 2011 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Robert D Chapman; Thomas J Groshens; Matthew C Davis; Wiliam W Lai; Lawrence C Baldwin; Richard A Hollins; Collin A Ladd; NAVAL WEAPONS CENTER CHINA LAKE CA CHEMISTRY DIV
|
| SERDP Statement of Need WPSEED-10-01 called for novel materials that can replace ammonium perchlorate (AP) as rocket motor oxidizers. The main objective of this SEED project was to develop synthetic methodology leading to any example of the chemical class of trinitromethyl ethers. There is no open-literature report of the preparation of trinitromethyl ethers, with the linkage (N02) 3C-O-C, a class of compounds that might have promise as superior oxidizers to ... |
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| Perchlorate and Halogen-Free High Energy Dense Oxidizers (HEDO) |
JUN 2011 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas M. Klapoetke; DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF DEFENSE RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING ARLINGTON VA STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM
|
| Several new CHNO compounds with a positive oxygen balance were synthesized and fully characterized. In addition poorly described and characterized compounds from literature proceedings were repeated, fully characterized and evaluated whether they can be used as oxidizer. Most of the derivatives described in this report are based on the trinitro(m)ethyl moiety. Full characterization includes X-ray diffraction, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, vibrational (IR and Raman) spectroscopy, elemental analysis and differential ... |
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| In Situ Bioremediation of Perchlorate in Vadose Zone Source Areas |
Jan 2011 |
252 pages |
| Authors:
Jay Diebold; SHAW ENVIRONMENTAL INC LAWRENCEVILLE NJ
|
| Ammonium perchlorate (NH4ClO4 Biological treatment has been successfully applied for ex situ remediation of perchlorate in groundwater beginning in 1998, and in situ applications are rapidly emerging. During the past decade, a variety of microbial strains have been isolated with the ability to degrade perchlorate by using the molecule as a terminal electron acceptor (Coates and Achenbach, 2004; Coates et al., 1999; Rikken et al., 1996; Wallace et al., 1996; ... |
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| Engineered Intrinsic Bioremediation of Ammonium Perchlorate in Groundwater |
DEC 2010 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Andrzej Paszczynski; Ronald Crawford; Thomas Hess; IDAHO UNIV MOSCOW
|
| A variety of perchlorate remediation technologies are currently commercially available. One of them, biological degradation involves perchlorate reducing bacteria (PRBs), which are widespread in the environment. PRBs have the ability to grow in either the presence or absence of air, provided proper nutrients are available in the environment. Both in situ and ex situ biological treatment systems have already been applied at full scale to treat perchlorate contamination. Implementation of ... |
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| Development of Commercially Useable Codes to Simulate Aluminized Propellant Combustion and Related Issues |
03 Nov 2009 |
194 pages |
| Authors:
John Buckmaster; BUCKMASTER RESEARCH URBANA IL
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| We have modified and developed a large number of codes relevant to the task including: a packing code to generate propellant morphology models; a homogenization code to predict homogenized properties of a heterogeneous propellant; a combustion code that predicts fluctuations in the hot gases coming off the propellant surface; and fluids codes that describe the rocket chamber flow, the rocket nozzle flow, aluminum transport, and nozzle erosion. The packing code ... |
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| Aluminum Agglomeration and Trajectory in Solid Rocket Motors |
30 AUG 2007 |
89 pages |
| Authors:
DOUGLAS COATS; E. C. Hylin; Deborah Babbitt; James A. Tullos; Merrill Beckstead; Michael Webb; I. L. Davis; Anthony Dang; SOFTWARE AND ENGINEERING ASSOCIATES INC CARSON CITY NV
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| Report developed under STTR contract for Topic AF06-T012. The demand for higher performance rocket motors at a reduced cost requires continuous improvements in understanding and controlling propellant combustion. Numerous examples are available where seemingly minor modifications and improvements to existing solid rocket systems have caused previously well performing motors to exhibit unexpected and at times near catastrophic behavior. It is far cheaper to design out problems than fix them during ... |
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| Environmental Screening Assessment of Perchlorate Replacements |
AUG 2007 |
53 pages |
| Authors:
Jay L. Clausen; Stephen Clough; Michael Gray; Patrick Gwinn; ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB
|
| A screening level assessment of the fate, transport, and toxicity of four potential replacements for perchlorate was performed. Resulting data will allow for evaluation and minimization of the potential environmental liability associated with the use of energetic compounds as propellants. This report details methods used and assessment findings. Inorganic oxidizer ammonium di(nitramido)amine (ADNA); cyclic nitramine/ gem-dinitro compound 1,3,5,5-tetranitrohexahydropyrimidine (DNNC); 1,3,3,5,7,7-hexanitro-1,5-diazacyclooctane (HCO); and diammonium di(nitramido)dinitroethylene (ADNDNE) were evaluated. Their respective analogue ... |
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| Synthesis, Evaluation, and Formulation Studies on New Oxidizers as Alternatives to Ammonium Perchlorate in DoD Missile Propulsion Applications |
23 APR 2007 |
131 pages |
| Authors:
Michael A. Dewey; ATK LAUNCH SYSTEMS BRIGHAM CITY UT
|
| Perchlorate is found in groundwater and drinking water throughout the United States. This contamination is primarily attributed to the use of ammonium perchlorate in the solid fuel for rockets and missiles. The objective of the program is to develop environmentally benign solid rocket propellant formulations that do not rely on the use of ammonium perchlorate (AP) as an oxidizer. This objective supports the goal of reducing future AP contamination in ... |
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| Graded Polymer Composites Using Twin Screw Extrusion: A Combinatorial Approach to Developing New Energetic Materials |
Sep-2004 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
Frederick M Gallant; Hugh A Bruck; Suzanne Prickett; Mario Cesarec; MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| The development of new energetic materials is a time-consuming, laborious, and sometimes dangerous process. Batch approaches are most commonly used, especially for energetic materials consisting of polymer composites. Recently, a manufacturing technology known as Twin Screw Extrusion (TSE), has been demonstrated to increase the safety and affordability for manufacturing composite energetic materials. This technology is also ideally suited to manufacturing graded polymer composites through transient operating and/or feed conditions. In ... |
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| Nano/HEDM Technology: Late Stage Exploratory Effort |
OCT 2003 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey C. Bottaro; Mark Petrie; Paul E. Penwell; Allen L. Dodge; Ripu Malhotra; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA CHEMISTRY LAB
|
| This work is focused on a continued, escalating effort to develop new energetic functional groups which offer enhanced energy, oxygen balance, and density in that order of priority. A continuation of the study of addition of nitrene precursors to N,N-dialkyl nitrosamines is described; the nitrene derived from 1-amino-3,5-dinitro-1 ,2,4-triazole has been approached by oxidation of the parent amine. Initial results were not successful; aminodinitrotriazole in the presence of lead tetra-acetate ... |
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| Towards New Polynitrogen Species: The Search for Viable Precursors |
31 MAR 2003 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Jerry A. Boatz; Karl Christie; Ralph Haiges; Stefan Schneider; Thorsten Schroer; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
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| First-Principles Calculations of the Adsorption of Nitromethane and 1,1- Diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) Molecules on the Al(111) Surface |
31 MAR 2003 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Dan C. Sorescu; Jerry A. Boatz; Donald L. Thompson; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| First-principles calculations based on spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) and the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) have been used to study the adsorption of nitromethane (NM) and 1,1-diamino-2,2- dinitroethylene (FOX-7) molecules on the Al(111) surface. The calculations employ (3x3) aluminum slab geometries and 3D periodic boundary conditions. Based on these calculations, we have determined that both dissociative and nondissociative adsorption mechanisms are possible, depending on the molecular orientation and the particular ... |
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| Annual Report to Congress - Fiscal Year 2002, from the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program |
MAR 2003 |
355 pages |
| Authors:
|
| The Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) is the Department of Defense's (DoD) corporate environmental science and technology program. To fulfill its mission to address environmental problems through innovative research and share that information across federal and private organizations, SERDP executes the program in partnership with the Department of Energy and the Environmental Protection Agency. Further, SERDP fully leverages complementary programs within the DoD and solicits interest from other ... |
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| Kodiak Launch Complex, Alaska 2002 Environmental Monitoring Studies April QRLV-2 Launch |
JUL 2002 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Sal V. Cuccarese; Daniel L. Bogan; Richard J. Hensel; Michael D. Kelly; John M. Kennish; ALASKA UNIV ANCHORAGE ENVIRONMENTAL AND NATURAL RESOURCES INST
|
| This document provides the results of environmental monitoring studies done in support of the 24 April 2002 launch of the Quick Reaction Launch Vehicle (QRLV-2) from the Kodiak Launch Complex (KLC), Kodiak Island, Alaska. The University of Alaska Anchorage's Environment and Natural Resources Institute (ENRI) conducted the studies under contract to the Alaska Aerospace Development Corporation (AADC), which is a state-owned entity. An Environmental Monitoring Plan (EMP) was developed by ... |
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| Annual Report to Congress - Fiscal Year 2000, from the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program |
MAR 2001 |
370 pages |
| Authors:
|
| The Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) is the Department of Defense's (DoD) corporate environmental science and technology program. To fulfill its mission to address environmental problems through innovative research and share that information across federal and private organizations, SERDP executes the program in partnership with the Department of Energy and the Environmental Protection Agency. Further, SERDP fully leverages complementary programs within the DoD and solicits interest from other ... |
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| A Neurodevelopmental Study of the Effects of Oral Ammonium Perchlorate Exposure on the Motor Activity of Pre-Weanling Rat Pups |
26 JUN 2000 |
|
| Authors:
Marni Y. Bekkedall; Tonya Carpenter; Julie Smith; Cynthia Ademujohn; Debra Maken; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH TOXICOLOGY DETACHMENT
|
 | The objective was to assess the neurotoxicity of ammonium perchlorate as it relates to the development of the motor system. Ammonium perchlorate is used in solid rocket propellant systems, and has been found in ground water at sites where this propellant is manufactured and stored. It readily dissociates in water and produces perchlorate ion that displaces the iodide (I-) anion and disrupts thyroid activity. The thyroid ... |
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| Combustion Mechanisms of Heterogeneous Solid Propellants |
FEB 2000 |
311 pages |
| Authors:
E. W. Price; S. R. Chakravarthy; R. K. Sigman; R. Jeenu; J. M. Freeman; GEORGIA INST OF TECH ATLANTA SCHOOL OFAEROSPACE ENGINEERING
|
| The bulk of the research on this contract was concerned with the mechanisms that cause plateau burning of ammonium perchlorate/hydrocarbon (AP/ HC) propellants. The long range goal is to identify the steps in the combustion process that dominate overall burning, and in particular to understand which of these steps in the combustion process lead to plateau burning. Burning alone, matrixes (mixture of binder, fine AP, ... |
|
| JANNAF Propulsion Meeting (49th) Held in Sheraton El Conquistador Resort, Tucson, Arizona on 14-18 December 1998. Volume 1 of 3 |
DEC 1999 |
|
| Authors:
Debra S. Eggleston; CHEMICAL PROPULSION INFORMATION AGENCY COLUMBIA MD
|
| This volume, the first of three volumes, is a collection of 15 unclassified/unlimited-distribution papers which were presented at the 49th Joint Army-Navy-NASA-Air Force (JANNAF) Propulsion Meeting, held 14-16 December 1999 at the Sheraton El Conquistador Resort in Tucson, Arizona. Specific subjects discussed include solid propellants; solid propellant ingredients, hazards, and demilitarization/disposal; composite materials used in propulsion applications; and sensors. ... |
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| Seawater Immersion of GEM II Propellant |
FEB 1999 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Calude I. Merrill; John D. O'Drobinakk; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE WEST
|
| Experimental data has shown that safety risks associated with GEM propellant from the 17 January 1997 Delta II flight failure diminish with time. It was shown that AP leached out of GEM propellant exposed to seawater at a logarithmic rate with a slope of 0.44 (% AP lost/week aged in seawater) and intercepts that depend on sample size. Friction and impact data on dried aged propellant samples showed no increased ... |
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| Perchlorate Ecological Risk Studies - A Report on Literature Reviews and Studies Conducted by the Ecological Impact/Transport and Transformation Subcommittee of the Interagency Perchlorate Steering Committee |
NOV 1998 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Clarence Callahan; Mark Sprenger; Guy C. Long; Ronald C. Porter; INSTITUTE FOR ENVIRONMENT SAFETY AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH RISK ANALYSIS BROOKSAFB TX RISK ANALYSIS DIRECTORA
|
| The Ecological Impact/Transport and Transformation Subcommittee of the Interagency Perchlorate Steering Committee was created in January 1998 to evaluate environmental fate and transport of perchlorate, an oxidizer found in solid rocket systems, and its potential effects on ecological receptors. A literature search was conducted to identify completed studies of various perchlorate salts (potassium, sodium, ammonium, etc) to evaluate dose levels that might cause adverse health effects in ecological receptors. Following ... |
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| Percholorate Ecological Risk Studies - A Report on Literature Reviews and Studies Conducted by the Ecological Impact/Transport and Transformation Subcommittee of the Interagency Perchlorate Steering Committee |
NOV 1998 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Guy C. Long; Ronald C. Porter; Clarence Callahan; Mark Sprenger; INSTITUTE FOR ENVIRONMENT SAFETY AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH RISK ANALYSIS BROOKSAFB TX RISK ANALYSIS DIRECTORA
|
| The Ecological Impact/Transport and Transformation Subcommittee of the Interagency Perchlorate Steering Committee was created in January 1998 to evaluate environmental fate and transport of perchlorate, an oxidizer found in solid rocket systems, and its potential effects on ecological receptors. A literature search was conducted to identify completed studies of various perchlorate salts (potassium, sodium, ammonium, etc) to evaluate dose levels that might cause adverse health effects in ecological receptors. Following ... |
|
| Sea Water Immersion of Gem II Propellant |
23 MAR 1998 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
C. I. Merrill; J. D. O'Drobinak; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA
|
| Following the Delta II flight failure on 17 Jan 97, the question of continuing safety for solid propellant that had fallen into the Atlantic ocean arose. With this failure, approximately 200,000 pounds of HTPB solid propellant were released. While large amounts of propellant were consumed in burning fragments and ground impact explosions, considerable amounts of unburned propellant fell onto the land and into the Atlantic ocean. It was quickly found ... |
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| PBXW-115, an Extremely Insensitive Detonating Substance? |
MAR 1998 |
|
| Authors:
Daniel J. Whelan; Gunter Bocksteiner; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION CANBERRA (AUSTRALIA)
|
| The underwater polymer bonded explosives, PBXW-115 (Aust.), PBXN-111 and B2211, all have the same basic composition, viz., bimodal RDX (20 % by mass) , ammonium perchlorate (43 %) and aluminium (25 %) in a plasticised polyurethane binder. However, because the ingredients used in their formulations come from different sources and have their own characteristics (particle size distribution, shape, etc.), small but distinct differences in the properties of the three formulations ... |
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| Reduced Smoke Propellant Binder Residue as a Fuel Source: Feedstock Processing Technology |
APR 97 |
83 pages |
| Authors:
Kathryn F. Miks; Richard J. Scholze; CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL
|
| With an estimated 8.8 million lb of reduced smoke propellant targeted for demilitarization, recovery and beneficial reuse of propellant ingredients would reduce or minimize the quantity of waste requiring disposal. Recycling of ammonium perchlorate (AP), the primary propellant ingredient, has been established. Reuse of the AP-depleted binder residue has been studied on a limited basis; however, only aluminized Class 1.3 propellants have been evaluated. This study identifies and evaluates alternate ... |
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| Modification of the In Vitro Hydra Assay Developmental Toxicity Screen for Evaluation of Airborne Toxicants: Assessment of Ammonium Perchlorate and Vapor Expos |
DEC 96 |
|
| Authors:
Robin E. Wolfe; ARMSTRONG LAB BROOKS AFB TX
|
| When the Combat Exclusion Law was repealed, military women's duties were expanded to include duties that formally were exclusively performed by men. These military women are occupationally exposed to chemicals, including airborne toxicants, for which no developmental or reproductive toxicity testing has been performed. The reproductive toxicity of these chemical compounds needs serious consideration so that military women can continue to perform their mission responsibilities and remain healthy. An in ... |
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| Developmental Toxicity Screen of Ammonium Dinitramide Using Hydra attenuata |
NOV 96 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
R. E. Wolfe; E. R. Kinkead; P. D. Confer; ARMSTRONG LAB BROOKS AFB TX OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DIRECTORATE
|
| The immediate application for the propellant ammonium dinitramide (ADN) is as a clean burning replacement for ammonium perchlorate in a formulation that also gains in performance. Currently, Air Force personnel are working with ADN during field testing trials. Reproductive toxicity evaluation of ADN through use of a modified Screening Information Data Set study using Sprague-Dawley rats produced adverse effects on litter parameters of treated animals. An in vitro developmental toxicity ... |
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| Managing Crises in Defense Industry: The PEPCON and Avtex Cases |
NOV 1996 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
Steven R. Linke; NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV WASHINGTON DC INST FOR NATIONAL STRATEGIC STUDIES
|
| National planning for the expeditious recovery and expansion of essential industrial production facilities is often geared only to largescale declared emergencies. Under the worst scenario of a global war, all necessary authorities and funding are assumed to be available. But more often, lesser emergencies require responses without the broad powers and commitment associated with a declared national emergency. A real emergency can provide insight into the appropriateness of planned management ... |
|
| Surface Science for Advanced Propulsion |
AUG 96 |
313 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin P. Chaffee; John J. Rusek; PHILLIPS LAB EDWARDS AFB CA
|
| Complex composite structures are prevalent throughout the propulsion industry. Unavoidable are the many interfaces between materials of differing physical and chemical properties. In applications where nut-and-bolt fasteners are not appropriate, the 'adhesive' quality of the interface becomes a serious consideration with regard to overall system integrity and reliability. Indeed, it is the ability of the structure to transfer or distribute stress when subjected to, for example, thermal and mechanical loading, ... |
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| Study of Metal Agglomeration and Combustion |
96 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Valery Babuk; BALTIC STATE TECHNICAL UNIV ST PETERSBURG (RUSSIA)
|
| This report includes the results of the experimental investigation of the CCP properties close to the burning SRP surface depending on the oxidizer (ammonium perchlorate) dispersity at two levels of pressure. The morphological and chemical properties of agglomerates and HDO particles have been determined in the work. The obtained data has been analyzed and made it possible to determine more precisely the regularities in the CCP formation. A potential use ... |
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| Desensitized Solid Rocket Propellant Formulation. |
12 DEC 1995 |
|
| Authors:
Anh N. Duong; George B. Wilmot; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
| A composite propellant composition and process are disclosed for reducing the reactive violence during cook-off and to improve the performance of a potassium perchlorate/ammonium perchlorate propellant composition wherein 0.25-2.0% by weight, of iron oxide replaces 0.25-2.0% by weight, of potassium perchlorate in the composition. |
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| Model of Chlorocarbon (CFC-12) Chemisorption on Solid Rocket Motor Alumina Exhaust Particles |
DEC 95 |
142 pages |
| Authors:
Gary E. Lund; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| Solid Rocket (SRMs) that power Titan IV rockets and Space Shuttles, exhaust large quantities of potentially ozone damaging pollutants directly into the stratosphere, while in powered flight. In the past, studies on potential stratospheric impact of the exhaust products from aluminum/ammonium perchlorate based SRMs have focused on the effect of gaseous HCl from SRMs on the stratosphere. Until recently, the impact of heterogeneous chemistry on stratospheric ozone was believed to ... |
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| Reproductive Toxicity Screen of Ammonium Dinitramide Administered in the Drinking Water of Sprague-Dawley Rats |
NOV 95 |
|
| Authors:
E. R. Kinkead; R. E. Wolfe; C. D. Flemming; H. F. Leahy; D. J. Caldwell; MANTECH ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY INC DAYTON OH
|
| The Department of Defense is currently considering replacing ammonium perchlorate with ammonium dinitramide (ADN). The ADN, a class 1.1 explosive oxidizer, will be used in solid rocket propellant mixtures and explosives. This study was intended to evaluate the potential of ADN to produce alterations in paternal fertility, maternal pregnancy and lactation, and growth and development of offspring. Male and female rats received drinking water treated with 2000, 1000, or 200 ... |
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| The Effects of Ferrocenic and Carborane Derivative Burn Rate Catalysts in AP Composite Propellant Combustion: Mechanism of Ferrocene-Catalysed Combustion |
AUG 95 |
|
| Authors:
T. T. Nguyen; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATION CANBERRA (AUSTRALIA)
|
| The combustion of HTPB/AP propellants containing ferrocene-type and carborane-type burn rate catalysts was examined. The ferrocenic catalysts are good burn rate enhancers, but the carborane-type compounds showed little improvement, even at 3% catalyst concentration. An order of relative catalyst effectiveness was established for 1% catalyst concentration at 20 deg C. Examination reveals the enhancing effect of 1% Catocene is approximately equivalent to 0.5% Butacene. Characteristic surface features observed for the ... |
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| Environmentally Sound Processing Technology: JANNAF Safety and Environmental Protection Subcommittee and Propellant Development and Characterization Subcommittee Joint Workshop Held in San Diego, California on 13-14 July 1995 |
JUL 95 |
|
| Authors:
Lorri A. Pickett; CHEMICAL PROPULSION INFORMATION AGENCY COLUMBIA MD
|
| This document contains the proceedings of a workshop entitled "Environmentally Sound Processing Technology," sponsored by the Joint Army-Navy- NASA-Air Force (JANNAF) Safety & Environmental Protection Subcommittee (S&EPS) and the Propellant Development & Characterization Subcommittee (PDCS) on July 13-1 4, 1 995, at the Sheraton Harbor Island, San Diego, CA. Mr. George Nauflett, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Indian Head, MD, and Ms. Roxanne Quintana, Naval Air Warfare Center, China Lake, CA, ... |
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| A SNIFTIRS Study of the Diffuse Double Layer at Single Crystal Platinum Electrodes in Acetonitrile |
26 MAY 95 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Nebojsa S. Marinkovic; Mathias Hecht; John S. Loring; W. R. Fawcett; CALIFORNIA UNIV DAVIS DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| In situ reflection infrared spectroscopy with electrochemical modulation has been used to investigate the structure of the double layer for the system: Pt(hkl)/acetonitrile. The electrolytes used were tetraethylammonium perchlorate and sodium perchlorate. It has been found that acetonitrile is preferentially chemisorbed on the surface either through the non-bonding electrons on the nitrogen atom at potentials positive of the point of zero charge, or on its side in a rehybridized form ... |
|
| Biodegradation of Nitroglycerin and Perchlorate in Propellant Wastewater |
SEP 1994 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
Hubert Attaway; ADVANCED SCIENCES INC ALBUQUERQUE NM
|
| This report describes studies on the degradation of nitroglycerin and nitroglycerin/perchlorate mixtures by an anaerobic mixed culture containing the perchlorate reducing bacterium HAP1. The final goal was to demonstrate the feasibility of biotreating a model hazard class 1.1 propellant (CYH) wastewater containing these compounds. The results showed that nitroglycerin rapidly disappeared under culture growth conditions. The disappearance appeared to be due to non-enzymatic chemical denitration ... |
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| Detectability of Explosives Using Quadrupole Resonance |
SEP 94 |
|
| Authors:
Julian Shaw; QUANTUM MAGNETICS INC SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The purpose of this report is to summarize the currently available information on (1) quadrupole resonance (QR) characteristics of explosive materials and their accessibility to QR detection, and (2) the potential of detecting explosives in explosive mixtures by using the quadrupole resonance signals of other materials commonly found as additives, such as plasticizers, binders and stabilizers. (MM) |
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| Acute and Subacute Toxicity Evaluation of Ammonium Dinitramide |
APR 94 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
E. R. Kinkead; S. A. Salins; R. E. Wolfe; G. B. Marit; MANTECH ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY INC DAYTON OH
|
| The Department of Defense is considering replacing ammonium perchiorate with ammonium dinitramide (ADN). Ammonium dinitramide, a Class 1.1 explosive oxidizer, would be used in solid rocket engine propellant mixtures as well as used as a high explosive. The first objective of this study was to provide acute hazard information on ADN to industrial hygienists responsible for the safe handling of this material. Because the most likely form of accidental exposure ... |
|
| Proceedings of International Detonation Symposium (10th), Held in Boston, Massachusetts on July 12 - 16, 1993 |
JUL 93 |
1037 pages |
| Authors:
OFFICE OF NAVAL RESEARCH ARLINGTON VA
|
|
| The Effect of Alkyl Substituents on the Macrocycle Ring on Enantiomeric Recognition by Chiral Pyridino-18-Crown-6 for 1-Naphthylethylamine |
20 MAY 93 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
J. K. Hathaway; L.-y. Zhu; P. Huszthy; J. S. Bradshaw; R. M. Izatt; BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PROVO UT DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| This paper discusses the effect that various dialkyl substituents on chiral pyridino-18-crown-6 ligands have on the molecular recognition of these ligands for the (R) and (S)-(alpha-(1-naphthyl)ethyl) ammonium perchlorate. We have systematically synthesized the necessary chiral pyridino-18-crown-6 macrocycles and determined the extent of molecular recognition by titration calorimetry. This paper also discusses possible mechanisms of recognition. (Author) |
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| Effect of Wind on FM-aCW Radar Backscatter from a Wet Snowcover. |
MAY 1992 |
|
| Authors:
G. Koh; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
|
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| Statistical and Spatial Properties of Forest Clutter Measured with Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). |
MAY 1992 |
|
| Authors:
D. R. Sheen; L. P. Johnston; ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INST OF MICHIGAN ANN ARBOR ADVANCED CONCEPTS DIV
|
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| Recognition of the Enantiomers of Chiral Organic Ammonium Salts by Chiral Dibenzyl- and Diphenyl-Substituted Diamido-or Dithionoamidopyridino-18- crown-6 Ligands |
24 MAR 92 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
P. Huszthy; J. S. Bradshaw; C. Y. Zhu; T. Wang; R. M. Izatt; BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PROVO UT DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| New chiral pyridino-18-crown-6 ligands containing two amide, thionoamide or amine units and two benzyl or phenyl substituents on chiral macroring positions have been synthesized (see Figure 1). Some of these chiral ligands exhibit only moderate or no recognition for the enantiomers of (alpha- (1-naphthyl)ethyl)ammonium perchlorate as determined by 1H NMR spectral techniques. |
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| Military Laser Systems - A Costly Search for Ultimate Weapons. |
JUL 1991 |
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| Authors:
J. Grossman; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
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| Design and Processing Considerations for mm-Wave Multifunction MMICs. |
JUN 1991 |
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| Authors:
R. Ramachandran; G. Metze; PACIFIC MONOLITHICS INC SUNNYVALE CA
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| Stability of the Boundary Layer on a Spinning Blunt-Nosed Cylinder. |
MAY 1991 |
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| Authors:
K. H. Kao; C. Y. Chow; COLORADO UNIV AT BOULDER DEPT OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING SCIENCES
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Reports by Keyword(s)
AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE
