| Targeting Transforming Growth Factor Beta to Enhance the Fracture Resistance of Bone |
Jan 2013 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffry S Nyman; VANDERBILT UNIV NASHVILLE TN
|
 | Because aging can lower the fracture resistance of bone in ways that are independent of bone mass, the present project investigated the possibility that transforming growth factor (TGF)-Beta inhibition could improve multiple measurements of fracture resistance in growing, mature adult, and old rodents. TGF-Beta inhibition was achieved with a neutralizing antibody known as 1D11. When administered to growing mice for 4 weeks (13 to 17 weeks of age), 1D11 substantially ... |
|
| Exploring the Effects of Demographic, Economic, and Social Factors on China's Economy |
14 Dec 2012 |
109 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy J Woodruff; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| This thesis examines demographic, social, and economic factors in China and their effect on China's economic growth. The thesis uses Michael Porter's economic development model and various economic indicators to compare China's economic growth from 1978 to 2011 to Japan's economic growth from 1945 to 1978, and to the United States' economic growth from 1919 to 1952. The purpose of this analysis is to identify whether China will become a ... |
|
| Molecular Targeted Therapies of Childhood Choroid Plexus Carcinoma |
Oct 2012 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
David Malkin; Diana Merino; HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN TORONTO (ONTARIO)
|
| Choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC) is a rare malignant brain tumor originating from the epithelial cells lining the cerebral ventricles. CPC represents less than 0.6% of brain tumors in all age groups, yet is more frequent in children (2-4%), especially in infants under the age of 1, accounting for over 20% of brain tumors in this age group (1). The molecular events that drive the malignant progression of this tumor are ... |
|
| The Risk and Clinical/Molecular Characteristics of Breast Cancer in Women with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 |
Oct 2012 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Xia Wang; Janice Kraniak; Dhananjay Chitale; HENRY FORD HEALTH SYSTEM DETROIT MI
|
| A total of 133 NF1 cases have been collected in the database. Among them, 101 cases are from HFHS site. There are currently 10 individuals with a previous breast cancer diagnosis. However, the analysis has not yet been performed. Two blood samples have been collected from individuals who developed breast cancer. Germline NF1 gene analysis will begin once more samples are collected. Five breast cancer tumor blocks have been collected. ... |
|
| Clinical Phase IIB Trial of Oxycyte Perflurocarbon in Severe Human Traumatic Brain Injury |
Oct 2012 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
M R Bullock; MIAMI UNIV FL
|
| Cerebral ischemia is a common secondary consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI), including penetrating TBI. Experimental models of closed brain injury (fluid percussion, subdural hematoma, etc.) have demonstrated a neuroprotective effect after perfluorocarbon (PFC) administration, however, there is no data relating to a pharmacological effect of PFC in penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI;Tortella model) that is characterized by acute, sustained significant hypoxia. In this report we present data on the ... |
|
| BMP7 Induces Dormancy of Prostatic Tumor Stem Cell in Bone |
Oct 2012 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Fei Xing; SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV SPRINGFIELD
|
| Bone is the most common metastatic site for prostate cancer. The growth of the tumor cells in the bone is generally slow and they often become dormant until an appropriate microenviroment is established for their re-growth. The recent stem cell theory predicts that the metastatic cells are a small population of stem-like cells in the primary tumor. However, the precise mechanism of dormancy is virtually unknown, and identifying the responsible ... |
|
| A Quantitative Analysis of Factors Affecting Retention of Female Aviators in U.S. Naval Aviation |
Sep 2012 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
Peter Bissonnette; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
|
| This study builds upon past research involving turnover among military women to develop a statistical model for active duty Female Naval Aviator (FNA) retention. A data set from Defense Manpower Data Center, which included FNAs from year groups 1989 to 1998 was analyzed to determine the impact of organizational, career, and personal factors on retention. A review of pertinent literature revealed that personal, organizational, and job factors unique to a ... |
|
| Cellular Consequences of Telomere Shortening in Histologically Normal Breast Tissues |
Sep 2012 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher M Heaphy; Pedram Argani; Alan K Meeker; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD
|
| Three independent sets of normal breast tissues without evidence of cancer, either obtained from patients undergoing reduction mammoplasty or in women at time of autopsy, have been analyzed. The postdoctoral trainee has shown that moderate to dramatic telomere shortening occurs specifically in luminal epithelial cells, but not in myoepithelial cells, in the majority of histologically normal terminal ductal lobular units. However, the extent and degree of telomere shortening varies by ... |
|
| Management of Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis with an Integrated Orthotic and Rehabilitation Initiative |
Aug 2012 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Jeanne C Patzkowski; Johnny G Owens; Ryan V Blanck; Kevin L Kirk; Joseph R Hsu; ARMY INST OF SURGICAL RESEARCH FORT SAM HOUSTON TX
|
| Posttraumatic osteoarthritis affects approximately 5.6 million Americans annually. Those affected are typically younger and more active than persons with primary osteoarthritis. Arthrodesis is the typical management option for persons with end-stage ankle and subtalar posttraumatic arthritis. Arthroplasty is typically reserved for elderly persons. The functional limitations resulting from any of these strategies make treatment of this young population challenging. Combat wounds frequently lead to severe lower extremity injuries. We present ... |
|
| Iron Deficiency Anemia, Active Component, U.S. Armed Forces, 2002-2011 |
Jul 2012 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common cause of anemia in the United States, and it particularly affects women of child-bearing age and black, non-Hispanic race/ethnicity. During the surveillance period there were 10,157 incident (new) cases of IDA among active component service members the overall incidence rate was 7.1 per 10,000 person-years. The annual incidence rates increased in both males and females during the period. Rates of IDA were ... |
|
| China's Demographic Limits to Economic Growth |
Jun 2012 |
95 pages |
| Authors:
David M Truesdell; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF NATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS
|
| China's demographic transition will create great difficulty in continuing the scale of economic development seen over the last 30 years. This difficulty will be experienced through the costs of the demographic detour, which began during the Great Leap Forward and was then magnified through the birth limiting campaigns up to and including the One-Child Policy. While the skewing of the dependency ratio over the last 30 years resulted in significant ... |
|
| Incident Diagnoses of Cancers and Cancer-related Deaths, Active Component, U.S. Armed Forces, 2000-2011 |
Jun 2012 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| In the United States, cancer is one of the fi ve leading causes of death in all age groups among both men and women; overall, approximately one in four deaths is attributable to cancer. Compared to the general U.S. population military members have been estimated to have lower incidence rates of several cancers including colorectal, lung, and cervical cancers and higher rates of prostate, breast, and thyroid cancer. Between 2000 ... |
|
| The CXCR/EGFR Axis in the Initiation and Progression of Prostate Cancer |
May 2012 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Gwyneth H Nussloch; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR
|
| CXCL12 is a small molecular weight protein secreted by fibroblasts in the prostate stroma consequent to aging and activates CXCR4, a G-protein coupled receptor expressed in prostate epithelial cells. Activation of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis has been shown to promote prostate cancer cell proliferation, motility, and invasiveness; furthermore, previous reports have shown phosphorylation of EGFR and HER2 in response to CXCL12 treatment. Here I examined the dimerization of EGFR and HER2 ... |
|
| BMP7 Induces Dormancy of Prostatic Tumor Stem Cell in Bone |
Oct 2011 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Aya Kobayashi; SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV SCHOOL OF MEDICINE SPRINGFIELD
|
| Bone is the most common metastatic site for prostate cancer. The growth of the tumor cells in the bone is generally slow and they often become dormant until an appropriate microenviroment is established for their re-growth. The recent stem cell theory predicts that the metastatic cells are a small population of stem-like cells in the primary tumor. However, the precise mechanism of dormancy is virtually unknown, and identifying the responsible ... |
|
| Molecular Targeted Therapies of Childhood Choroid Plexus Carcinoma |
Oct 2011 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
David Malkin; HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN TORONTO (ONTARIO)
|
| Choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC) is a rare malignant brain tumor originating from the epithelial cells lining the cerebral ventricles. CPC represents less than 0.6% of brain tumors in all age groups, yet is more frequent in children (2-4%), especially in infants under the age of 1, accounting for over 20% of brain tumors in this age group (1). The molecular events that drive the malignant progression of this tumor are ... |
|
| Radio-Adaptive Response and Breast Cancer |
Oct 2011 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Pierre Y Desprez; CALIFORNIA PACIFIC MEDICAL CENTER RESEARCH INST SAN FRANCISCO
|
| Hormesis describes a phenomenon where low doses of toxic substances or radiation stimulate responses that might counteract the harmful effects of a subsequent high level of stress. We hypothesized that low doses of radiation received through mammography could be beneficial for patients. We therefore treated human breast epithelial cells with X-rays at low doses, high doses, or at low doses followed by high doses. We then scored cells for the ... |
|
| Determine the Role of Canonical Wnt Signaling in Ovarian Tumorigenesis |
Oct 2011 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Rugang Zhang; INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RESEARCH PHILADELPHIA PA
|
| Ovarian cancer ranks first as the cause of death for gynecological cancers. Obviously, there is an urgent need to develop novel treatment methods for ovarian cancer. To do this, we must better understand key events associated with ovarian cancer development. In order to combat cancer, a normal cell's typical response to a tumor-promoting genetic alteration is irreversible growth arrest, consequently preventing the normal human cell from progressing towards becoming a ... |
|
| Identification and Therapeutic Targeting of Paracrine Senescence Factors in the Prostate Tumor Microenvironment |
Oct 2011 |
67 pages |
| Authors:
James P Dean; FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER SEATTLE WA
|
| The goal of this proposal was to examine the induction of senescence by common effective treatments for prostate cancer, and to further identify and target senescence-associated factors which might mediate resistance to these therapies in the neoplastic epithelium. Senescence cell biomarkers (p16 and DcR2) were correlated with aging and prostate cancer. The senescence-associated factors GDF15 and STC1 were found to correlate with neoplasia, but not aging. Stressful environmental conditions leading ... |
|
| Smoking in the United States Air Force: Trends, Most Prevalent Diseases and their Association with Cost |
SEP 2011 |
160 pages |
| Authors:
Michail Gkoutouloudis; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| This research focuses on the smoking rates among the Active Duty Air Force (ADAF) personnel and the association of smoking and cost of hospitalization because of diseases related to smoking. The analysis of the data taken from the Air Force Web HA questionnaire provides information about the relationship between the smoking rates of the ADAF personnel and specific socio-demographic characteristics. The analysis of a second dataset associated with the cost ... |
|
| Flying Blind: Aeromedical Certification and Undiagnosed Age-Related Macular Degeneration |
Sep 2011 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Van B Nakagawara; Ronald W Montgomery; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROSPACE MEDICAL INST
|
| The love of flying seldom diminishes throughout a pilot's career. It is often the primary motivation for investing the time and expense necessary to attain and maintain a valid pilot license and medical certificate. However, a pilot's ability to meet the physical requirements for aeromedical certification may become compromised by advancing age or impairments. Individuals with physical limitations or the elderly in a number of states must pass a vision ... |
|
| Cellular Consequences of Telomere Shortening in Histologically Normal Breast Tissues |
Sep 2011 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher Heaphy; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD
|
| The investigator has shown that moderate telomere shortening occurs specifically in luminal epithelial cells, but not in myoepithelial cells, in the majority of histologically normal terminal ductal lobular units analyzed from patients undergoing reduction mammoplasty and in women at time of autopsy. However, the extent and degree of telomere shortening varies by the individual. These data imply that there is a reservoir of genetically altered, yet histologically normal, cells within ... |
|
| SIRT3 Is a Mitochondrial Tumor Suppressor and Genetic Loss Results in a Murine Model for ER/PR-Positive Mammary Tumors Connecting Metabolism and Carcinogenesis |
Sep 2011 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Sarki Abdulkadir; VANDERBILT UNIV MEDICAL CENTER ATLANTA GA
|
| The goals of this synergistic project are to establish the mitochondria localized sirtuin protein SIRT3 as a tumor suppresso breast cancer and to define its role as a molecular link between aging and breast cancer. Sirt3 knockout mice develop ER/P positive breast tumors later in life. These ER/PR-positive tumors are histologically similar to breast tumors common in old women. In humans, loss of SIRT3 is seen in a significant fraction ... |
|
| Age-Related DNA Methylation Changes and Neoplastic Transformation of the Human Prostate |
Jul 2011 |
124 pages |
| Authors:
Bernard Kwabi-Addo; HOWARD UNIV WASHINGTON DC
|
| There is abundant evidence to suggest that epigenetic DNA methylation changes may appear early during prostate cancer (PCa) development than genetic changes, and are more common and consistent. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether aberrant DNA methylation occurs as a function of age and if it accompanies neoplastic transformation of the human prostate. RESULTS: Using methylated CpG island amplification coupled with promoter microarray and also genome-wide DNA ... |
|
| Identifying and Overcoming Barriers to Diabetes Management in the Elderly: An Intervention Study |
Jun 2011 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Medha Munshi; JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER BOSTON MA
|
| In this randomized controlled study, we evaluated the effect of assessment and intervention for age-specific barriers, on the glycemic control and other clinical, functional and psychosocial parameters in 100 subjects over the age of 69 years with poorly controlled diabetes. The intervention group had an assessment of age-specific barriers followed by designing strategies to improve their ability to follow diabetes management plans as prescribed by their providers. The interventions were ... |
|
| Novel Therapeutic Strategy for the Prevention of Bone Fractures |
Jun 2011 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Mark Hamrick; MEDICAL COLL OF GEORGIA AUGUSTA RESEARCH INST
|
| Our application seeks to develop myostatin inhibitors as novel therapeutic agents for improving muscle and bone strength, and preventing falls and fractures for aging veterans. Our goals for year 1 of the project were to determine how the expression of myostatin, its receptor, and the myostatin antagonist follistatin change with age in musculoskeletal tissues from aged mice and bone marrow samples obtained from young (18-30) and older (50-70) patients in ... |
|
| Checkpoint Pathways Activated by Re-Replication in Breast Cancer Cells |
MAY 2011 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
Jie Lin; VIRGINIA UNIV CHARLOTTESVILLE
|
| Emi-1 has been known as an inhibitor of APC (anaphase promoting complex). The depletion of Emi-1 would prematurely activate APC, lead to simultaneous degradation of geminin and cyclin A, and induce re-replication at least in colon cancer cell lines and breast epithelial cell MCF10A. We proposed Emi-1 depletion can induce re-replication in breast cancer cells, lead to gene amplification and stimulate tumor growth. We showed earlier that the depletion of ... |
|
| Purinergic Receptors in Quiescence and Localization of Leukemic Stem Cells |
May 2011 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Byeong-Chel Lee; PITTSBURGH UNIV PA
|
| A small subpopulation of drug- and radiation-resistant leukemia is an immediate concern for leukemia patients as this subtype remains the actual cause of morbidity and mortality. Our preliminary results showed that P2Y14 functions in bone marrow to preserve stem progenitor cells from premature senescence/cell death induced by genotoxic stress. As P2Y14 is highly expressed in differentiation resistant leukemia cells, P2Y14 expression in leukemia cells may function in preserving regenerative capacity ... |
|
| Cyberculture and Personnel Security: Report 1 - Orientation, Concerns, and Needs |
May 2011 |
74 pages |
| Authors:
John S Leggitt; Olga G Shechter; Eric L Lang; DEFENSE PERSONNEL SECURITY RESEARCH CENTER MONTEREY CA
|
| Computers and related technologies, such as smart phones and video games, are now a common part of everyday life. Many people spend a large portion of their waking hours using and socializing through these devices, forming what is known as a cyberculture. Personnel security investigative and adjudicative standards were developed before these products were widely available; however, cyberculture bears relevance to personnel security due both to the presence of existing ... |
|
| Identification and Therapeutic Targeting of Paracrine Senescence Factors in the Prostate Tumor Microenvironment |
MAR 2011 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
James Dean; FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER SEATTLE WA
|
| Deaths due to prostate cancer- the second leading cause of cancer death in men in the United States - could be prevented with more effective treatments. Overcoming tumor cell resistance to the effects of androgen deprivation and chemotherapies would significantly improve the morbidity and mortality of prostate cancer. We hypothesize that the induction of cellular senescence in the tumor microenvironment by androgen deprivation and cytotoxic chemotherapy promotes the resistance and ... |
|
| What Role Can Immigration Play in Shaping Europe's Future? |
28 Feb 2011 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Fernando Paglialunga; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| Europe is experiencing a steady population decline, which is sharpened by the aging of its population. Nothing is more determinant for Europe's future than the question of whether the Old Continent will be able to solve this acute demographic problem, and if so, how. This project will examine this issue through the lens of critical thinking, explain the main problems related to the issue, and propose policy options. In the ... |
|
| Contagious Weakness in an Elderly Couple with Neurologic Emergencies |
Feb 2011 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Cari E Matthews; Vikram K Garg; Pallabi Sanyal; Kandan Baban; Kenneth Grudko; Adam G Field; NAVAL MEDICAL CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| We present an unusual neurologic emergency in an elderly male patient. Given his presentation and risk factors, we presumed the initial symptoms to be secondary to a cerebrovascular accident. As the case evolved, however, it became apparent that a more unusual pathology was present. This case report showcases a rare condition masquerading as a common neurologic emergency. |
|
| Hsf1 in Her2-positive Breast Cancer |
Feb 2011 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Sherman; BOSTON UNIV MEDICAL CAMPUS MA
|
| In the first year of the grant we addressed tasks 1, 2 and 3. Specifically we demonstrated that Hsf1 controls development of Her2-positive cancer both at the stage of initiation, where is affects the oncogene-induced senescence, and later at the stage of progression, where it affects tumor angiogenesis. We also dissected the mechanism of effects of Hsf1 on tumor angiogenesis, and demonstrated that Hsf1 regulates expression of the major angiogenesis ... |
|
| Examination of Post-Service Health-Related Quality of Life Among Rural and Urban Military Members of The Millennium Cohort Study |
Jan 2011 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Susan P Proctor; Kelly A Jones; Timothy S Wells; Edward J Boyko; Tyler C Smith; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA
|
| Little information exists on the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of U.S. veterans based on rural (versus urban) status, especially those in younger age groups, and whether deployment influences this outcome. We addressed these questions in the Millennium Cohort Study, a prospective investigation of U.S. military personnel assessed first in 2001 and then subsequently every three years via self-administered questionnaires. Participants separated from the military at the time of the ... |
|
| Thermal Stress |
2011 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
L. R. Leon; C. J. Gordon; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA THERMAL AND MOUNTAIN MEDICINE DIVISION
|
| Thermal stress can have a significant impact on normal physiological functioning if precipitous increases in core temperature are not adequately controlled with behavioral and autonomic mechanisms of body cooling. The United States experiences approximately 200 heat stroke deaths per year with the incidence of heat illness expected to rise as the average life span increases, the rate of obesity is accelerated, and global warming is realized. Heat illness affects all ... |
|
| Who Ate Whom: Population Dynamics With Age-Structured Predation |
15 Oct 2010 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
David Goluskin; WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION MA
|
| We study a population model in which there are two species, one of which has a juvenile and adult life stage. The adults of the first species prey on the second species which in turn preys on the juveniles of the first. One version of the model represents systems where neither species can survive on its own, although we find that both can survive through mutual predation. To avoid extinction, ... |
|
| Cellular Consequences of Telomere Shortening in Histologically Normal Breast Tissues |
SEP 2010 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher M. Heaphy; Pedram Argani; Alan K. Meeker; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD
|
| We recently demonstrated that telomere lengths were shorter in more aggressive breast cancer subtypes, such as luminal B, HER-2 positive and triple-negative tumors, suggesting tumor telomere length may have clinical utility as a prognostic and/or risk marker for breast cancer. Interestingly, the investigator has shown that moderate telomere shortening occurs specifically in luminal epithelial cells, but not in myoepithelial cells, in the majority of histologically normal terminal ductal lobular units ... |
|
| Biological Impact of Senescence Induction in Prostate Cancer |
Jan 2010 |
53 pages |
| Authors:
David F Jarrard; WISCONSIN UNIV MADISON
|
| Recently, it has been recognized that a distinct mechanism of terminal proliferation arrest after chemotherapy involves the reactivation of senescence. However, whether this phenotype occurs in vivo is unclear, as is the biological impact of senescence induction. We have previously identified pathways and genes involved in human senescence that may serve as senescence markers, and have demonstrated that senescence occurs in prostate cancer cell lines after chemotherapy. In this proposal, ... |
|
| Advanced Processing for Biomedical Informatics (APBI) |
OCT 2009 |
72 pages |
| Authors:
Craig D. Shriver; HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE ROCKVILLE MD
|
| A research consortium including Windber Research Institute (WRI), the US Army Space and Missile Defense Command (USASMDC), the Joyce Murtha Breast Care Center (JMBCC), and the Clinical Breast Care Project (CBCP) Walter Reed Army Medical Center (WRAMC) has been formed to evaluate the use of minimally-invasive methods for screening including mammography, ultrasound, proteomics and genomics, in the serum and breast for early detection of markers for risk of disease or ... |
|
| Inflammatory Cytokines Induce Ubiquitination and Loss of the Prostate Suppressor Protein NKX3.1 |
OCT 2007 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Erin E. Muhlbradt; GEORGETOWN UNIV WASHINGTON DC
|
| During the normal aging process in the prostate a variety of histologic changes are seen including regions termed inflammatory atrophy where mononuclear infiltrating cells are seen adjacent to atrophic glands. Moreover both clinical and subclinical prostatitis is a risk factor for the development of prostate cancer. This thesis describes a causative link between prostatic inflammatory processes and reductions in expression of the prostate suppressor protein NKX3.1. Reduction of the suppressor ... |
|
| Validation of a Pre-Clinical Model for the Investigation of Menarcheal Age on Breast Cancer Risk |
SEP 2007 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Pepper J. Schedin; COLORADO UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER AURORA CO
|
| Validation of a Pre-Clinical Model for the Investigation of Menarcheal Age on Breast Cancer Risk. Beginning Date 09-01-2005, with a one year extension granted for an ending date of 08-31-2007. A one year extension was granted because the PI, Dr. Pepper Schedin, moved her lab from AMC Cancer Research Center in Denver, CO to the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center. This move resulted in a 6 month delay in ... |
|
| Role of p53 in Mammary Epithelial Cell Senescence |
MAY 2007 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
Goberdhan P. Dimri; EVANSTON NORTHWESTERN HEALTHCARE RESEARCH INST IL
|
| The tumor suppressor p53 plays an important role in a variety of cancers including breast cancer. It inhibits the growth of malignant cells either by inducing G1 arrest, apoptosis or senescence. We are determining the role of p53 in human mammary epithelial cell (HMEC) senescence and the requirement of p53 inactivation in transformation of HMECs. In this report, we have found that p53 downregulation is required to overcome H-Ras induced ... |
|
| Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase 2 as an Endogenous Inhibitor of Prostate Cancer Development |
Mar 2006 |
74 pages |
| Authors:
Dean G Tang; TEXAS UNIV SMITHVILLE MD ANDERSON CANCER CENTER
|
| Our recent work has demonstrated that: 1) 15-lipoxygenase 2 (15-LOX2), which metabolizes AA to generate 15(S)-HETE, is the major LOX expressed in adult prostate epithelial cells but down-regulated or lost in PCa in vitro as well as in vivo; 2) 15-LOX2 expression is inversely correlated with the pathological grade and Gleason scores of PCapatients; 3) 15-LOX2 is a negative cell-cycle regulator in normal human prostate (NHP) epithelial cells; 4) 15(S)-HETE ... |
|
| The Nigrostriatal Dopamine System and Methamphetamine: Roles for Excitotoxicity and Environmental, Metabolic and Oxidative Stress |
14 SEP 2005 |
176 pages |
| Authors:
Bryan Yamamoto; BOSTON UNIV MA
|
| Degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopamine system is linked to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease. Similarly, the psychostimulant drug, methamphetamine also produces relatively selective damage to nigrostriatal dopamine neurons and is a widespread problem and drug of abuse throughout the U.S. However, the neurochemical underpinnings that mediate methamphetamine toxicity and Parkinson's disease are unknown. Several variables common to methamphetamine toxicity and Parkinson's disease, each of which may be important but alone ... |
|
| Role of Mitochondrial DNA Mutations in Cellular Vulnerability to Mitochondria-Specific Environmental Toxins |
14 SEP 2005 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Etienne C. Hirsch; INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICALE (INSERM) PARIS (FRANCE)
|
| In recent years, growing evidence has shown that mutations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are an important cause of mitochondrial disorders in humans, and have been associated with common neurodegenerative disorders, aging and cancers. In line with this, it has been proposed that those mutations could genetically predispose an individual to some environmental factors thereby initiating the disease process. To test such a hypothesis in Parkinson's disease we proposed to: 1) ... |
|
| Role of p53 Mammary Epithelial Cell Senescence |
MAY 2005 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Goberdhan P. Dimri; NEW ENGLAND MEDICAL CENTER HOSPITAL BOSTON MA
|
| The tumor suppressor p53 plays an important role in a variety of cancers including breast cancer. it inhibits the growth of malignant cells either by inducing Gi and G2 arrest, apoptosis or senescence. We are determining the role of p53 in human mammary epithelial cell (HMEC) senescence. We previously showed that p53 and its target gene p21 are significantly upregulated during senescence in post-selection HMECs. We also showed that cells ... |
|
| Neurotoxins and Neurodegenerative Disorders in Japanese-American Men Living in Hawaii |
APR 2005 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
G. W. Ross; PACIFIC HEALTH RESEARCH INST HONOLULU HI
|
| Pesticide exposure has been associated with increased Parkinson's disease (PD) risk. Results from the Honolulu-Asia Aging Study (HAAS) supported by this project showed PD risk doubled in individuals who worked on plantations over 20 years. Others have found high organochlorine levels in brains from decedents with PD relative to controls and dopaminergic neuron toxicity has been demonstrated in vitro but not proven in humans. This supplement aim was to measure ... |
|
| Cloning and Characterization of a Cell Senescence Gene for Breast Cancer Cells |
JUL 2004 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Raghbir S. Athwal; TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION PHILADELPHIA PA
|
| Applying a functional strategy, starting with the transfer of an intact chromosome 16 into breast tumor cells, we identified a replicative senescence gene, SENl6, at l6q24.3. Positional information led to the isolation of a BAC clone that restores normal growth pattern and senescence in immortal breast tumor cells. The nucleotide sequences of cDNA clones, located on the BAC, were compared to recognize overlapping clones. Four full- length cDNAs, representing three ... |
|
| Role of Oligomeric a-Synuclein in Mitochondrial Membrane Permeabilization and Neurodegeneration in Parkinson's Disease |
DEC 2003 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Sueng-Jae Lee; PARKINSONS INST SUNNYVALE CA
|
| A growing body of evidence suggests that aggregation of alpha-syn might be the fundamental cause of many neurodegenerative diseases. Several groups have developed cell culture models to study the cytotoxic effect of alpha-synuclein, and some of them indeed have observed enhanced cell death when alpha-syn, especially its mutant forms, was overexpressed. However, the link between alpha-syn aggregation and cell death has not been clearly addressed in these model systems, nor ... |
|
| Aging Families and Breast Cancer: Multigenerational Issues |
JUL 2003 |
94 pages |
| Authors:
Victoria H. Raveis; COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK
|
| With the continuing shift of cancer care to community-based care the necessity to develop programs that will enable the family to meet patients' needs for support and assistance is of paramount importance. Overall goal of this exploratory investigation is to obtain information the will: identify adult daughter caregivers in need of psychosocial support interventions to enable them to meet their mothers' needs for illness-related emotional support and assistance; reduce daughter' ... |
|
| Isolation of Factors That Disrupt Critical Protein/Protein Interactions Within the Telomerase Holoenzyme for Use in Breast Cancer Therapies |
JUN 2003 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Michael A. White; TEXAS UNIV AT DALLAS SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER
|
| Telomerase activity is required to maintain telomere integrity on chromosomes of proliferating cells and thus is critically involved in regulating cellular replicative lifespan. Telomerase is repressed in most adult somatic cells, and activation of telomerase activity is an early event associated with tumor progression. Expression of telomerase is sufficient to greatly prolong proliferative lifespan of human cells in culture. Because telomerase activity is not required to maintain viability of post-mitotic ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
AGING(PHYSIOLOGY)
