| Trafficking in Persons Report |
Jun-2009 |
325 pages |
| Authors:
DEPARTMENT OF STATE WASHINGTON DC
|
 | The Department of State is required by law to submit each year to the U.S. Congress a report on foreign governments' efforts to eliminate severe forms of trafficking in persons. This is the 9th annual TIP Report; it seeks to increase global awareness of the human trafficking phenomenon by shedding new light on various facets of the problem and highlighting shared and individual efforts of the international community, and to ... |
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| Breast Density Assessment by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry in Women and Girls |
Jul-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Gertraud Maskarinec; HAWAII UNIV HONOLULU
|
| Increasing evidence suggests that breast cancer risk is determined early in life. Mammographic density has been used as a biomarker for breast cancer risk because of its strong association with breast cancer. However, use of this screening method is contraindicated in young women and girls because the risk of X-ray based mammograms outweighs potential benefits in that age group. In contrast, Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) has extremely low radiation ... |
|
| Iron Deficiency and Obesity: The Contribution of Inflammation and Diminished Iron Absorption |
Jan-2008 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
James P McClung; James P Karl; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA MILITARY NUTRITION DIV
|
| Poor iron status affects billions of people worldwide. The prevalence of obesity continues to rise in both developed and developing nations. An association between iron status and obesity has been described in children and adults. The mechanism explaining this relationship remains unknown; however, findings from recent reports suggest that body mass index and inflammation predict iron absorption and affect the response to iron fortification. The relationship between inflammation and iron ... |
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| Bone Growth, Mechanical Stimulus and IGF-I |
OCT 2007 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Vicente Gilsanz; CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL LOS ANGELES CA
|
| The purpose of this study was to assess the potential for brief periods of low magnitude high frequency mechanical stimulation signals in the musculoskeletal system. The major findings were that short bouts of extremely low-level mechanical signals, several orders of magnitude below that associated with vigorous exercise, increased bone and muscle mass in the weight bearing skeleton of young adult females with low bone density. Ultimately, this information could be ... |
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| The Impact of Breast Cancer on Adolescent Function |
01 JUL 2007 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Frances M. Lewis; WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE
|
| The primary aim of this study was to test a theoretically derived predictive model of adolescent functioning to maternal breast cancer. Standardized questionnaires with well-established validity and reliability were used to measure 6 theoretical concepts in the model and were obtained from 222 study participants, including mothers recently diagnosed with breast cancer, their spouse, and their adolescent child. Results from tests of the theoretical model revealed that the adolescent was ... |
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| Nutritional and Genetic Determinants of Early Puberty |
JUN 2007 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Loic Le Marchand; HAWAII UNIV HONOLULU
|
| Past studies suggest that early menarche, growth velocity, and specific hormonal patterns during breast development may be critical in determining risk of breast cancer later in life. Nutritional factors during childhood and puberty, and inherited genetic factors are suspected to interact in modulating these early-life exposures. However, the biological processes involved remain poorly understood. We propose to test the relationships between nutrition, genetic factors, hormonal levels and early life events ... |
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| Interrelationships of Prenatal and Postnatal Growth, Hormones, Diet, and Breast Cancer |
MAR 2006 |
168 pages |
| Authors:
Maureen Sanderson; TEXAS UNIV HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT HOUSTON
|
| The purpose of this Career Development Award was to expand Dr. Sanderson's current breast cancer research from the effect of intrauterine exposure to estrogen on breast cancer to the interrelationships of prenatal and postnatal growth, hormones, diet and breast cancer. Based on these interrelationships, we hypothesized that insulin resistance would be positively associated with breast cancer, and that genetic susceptibility, and adolescent/adult diet and physical activity would modify the effect ... |
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| Weight Maintenance: Determinants of Success |
15 DEC 2005 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Cynthia L. Mitchell; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| This literature review was a selective examination of current obesity and physical activity research and opinions. Its purpose was more to evoke thought and discussion regarding the United States' obesity epidemic, rather than serve as an exhaustive account of prospective causes and solutions. Obesity and physical inactivity are major preventable health problems in the United States, but despite overwhelming evidence regarding the benefits of a healthy weight and regular physical ... |
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| Sleep and Predicted Cognitive Performance of New Cadets during Cadet Basic Training at the United States Military Academy |
SEP 2005 |
141 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel B. Miller; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The amount of sleep being received per day among New Cadets at West Point during Cadet Basic Training (CBT) was investigated. Sleep was measured using actigraphy on a stratified sample of 80 New Cadets. The results indicated that New Cadets slept an average of approximately 340 minutes or 5 hours, 40 minutes per night. The results were compared to self-reported survey data to determine whether sleep prior to arrival at ... |
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| Early Life and Risk of Breast Cancer |
AUG 2004 |
132 pages |
| Authors:
Mads Melbye; STATENS SERUM INST COPENHAGEN (DENMARK)
|
| The objective was to study was to investigate the influences of birth weight and growth during childhood and adolescence on risk of breast cancer. Information on birth weight, yearly measurements of weight and height during the school years, and age at menarche was obtained for 161,000 girls born from 1930 to 1975 who attended school in Copenhagen, Denmark. This information was computerized and linked to the Danish Civil Registration System ... |
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| Relationship Between Self-Report Physical Activity and Environmental Variables in Parents of Adolescents |
14 JUL 2004 |
63 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel G. Burnett; SAN DIEGO STATE UNIV CA
|
| Obesity is widely recognized as a significant and problematic epidemic in the United States (U.S.). Although some controversy exists as to the precise proportions different phenomena have played in creating this epidemic, clearly lack of adequate physical activity is a critical component. The most- recognized public health standard for minimally adequate or sufficient physical activity calls for at least 30 minutes of at least moderate-intensity activity on most, preferably all, ... |
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| Medical Managment of the Acute Radiation Syndrome: Recommendations of the Strategic National Stockpile Radiation Working Group |
15 JUN 2004 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Jamie K. Waselenka; Thomas J. MacVittie; William F. Blakely; Nicki Pesik; Albert L. Wiley; William E. Dickerson; Horace Tsu; Dennis L. Confer; Norman Coleman; Thomas Seed; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| Physicians, hospitals, and other health care facilities will assume the responsibility for aiding individuals injured by a terrorist act involving radioactive material. Scenarios have been developed for such acts that include a range of exposures resulting in few to many casualties. This consensus document was developed by the Strategic National Stockpile Radiation Working Group to provide a framework for physicians in internal medicine and the medical subspecialties to evaluate and ... |
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| Quantifying Sleep and Performance of West Point Cadets: A Baseline Study |
JUN 2004 |
105 pages |
| Authors:
Aileen Kenney; Daniel T. Neverosky; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This study reports the initial findings of a four-year longitudinal study undertaken to assess the total amount of sleep received by cadets at the United States Military Academy. Specifically, data on the Class of 2007 were collected and analyzed during the freshman year. Survey data were collected (n=1290) on sleep habits prior to the cadets reporting to the Academy. Actigraphy data were collected (n=80) during summer military training and during ... |
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| Air Pollution and Prevalence of Allergic Diseases in Georgian Adolescent Population |
JUN 2004 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Zhorzholiani Lia; Rusudan Karseladze; Liza Goderdzishvili; Mariam Tschakaia; NATIONAL PEDIATRIC RESEARCH INST TBILISI (GEORGIA)
|
| During the last few decades, scientists have devoted special attention to environmental pollution and outdoor allergens (e.g., SO2, NO2, phenol, combustion gases, etc.) and their increasing role in the etiology of allergic diseases. Children and adolescents are the subsets of the population that are most sensitive to the influence of environmental pollution. In this paper, the relationship between the frequency of allergic diseases in the young and air pollution intensity ... |
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| A New System of Automated Eco-genetic Database and Modern Conception of Prognosis of Bronchial Asthma |
JUN 2004 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Rusudan Karseladze; Zhorzholiani Lia; Liza Goderdzishvili; NATIONAL PEDIATRIC RESEARCH INST TBILISI (GEORGIA)
|
| The high incidence of bronchial asthma (BA), especially in children and adolescents, points to the possible influence of multiple factors in the etiology of the disease. At present, it is widely recognized that hereditary predisposition is the main factor for the formation of BA, however, heredity cannot play the only role. There is a need for an integrative study of the eco- genetic characteristics of BA. However, a unified assessment ... |
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| The Impact of Relaxation and Hypnosis on Medical Resources Utilization in Pediatric Asthma |
OCT 2003 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Nancy H. Barber; BROOKE ARMY MEDICAL CENTER FORT SAM HOUSTON TX
|
| Asthma is one of the most common chronic pediatric illnesses. Estimates about its prevalence among children and adolescents under the age of 18 range up to 7%/Compared to their peers, children with asthma missed an additional 10.1 million days of school, had 12.9 million more contacts with physicians, and were hospitalized 200,000,000 more times in 1988. The estimated economic impact of asthma in the United States exceeds $6.2 billion. Behavioral ... |
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| The Influence of Multimedia-Based Parent and Adolescent Interventions of Substance Abuse Among Poor Youth |
2003 |
165 pages |
| Authors:
Alfred J. Ozanian; COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK GRADUATE SCHOOLOF ARTS AND SCIENCES
|
| Several aspects of an adolescent's life have been shown to be influential in predicting their substance use. However, reaching specific areas of an adolescent's life has been hampered by various environmental and cultural barriers. Today, it may be possible to reach an adolescent, and those around them, with multi-media technologies. This study examines the effectiveness of using multimedia-based interactive technologies coupled with conventional interventions to prevent adolescent substance use. Computer ... |
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| Bone Growth, Mechanical Stimulus and IGF-I |
OCT 2002 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Vicente Gilsanz; CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL LOS ANGELES CA
|
| Available data indicate that the genetic susceptibility for low bone mass is present very early in life. The aim of this project is to establish whether bone acquisition in teenagers who have sustained a fracture and have low bone mass can be enhanced by changing environmental factors, such as mechanical loading. The effects of a twelve-month mechanical intervention on musculoskeletal development will be studied and the results will be compared ... |
|
| SPECIAL EDUCATION. Grant Programs Designed to Serve Children Ages 0 - 5 |
APR 2002 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| In fiscal year 2001, the federal government spent about $7 billion on three special education grant programs mandated by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). These grants are Special Education Grants to States (School-age Grants), Special Education Preschool Grants (Preschool Grants) and Special Education Grants for Infants and Families with Disabilities (Infant Grants). This review is one of four reports you have requested looking at overlap among early childhood ... |
|
| A Cohort Study of Health Effects of HTLV-I Infection in Jamaican Children and their Associations with Viral, Immunologic and Host Genetic Markers |
2002 |
133 pages |
| Authors:
Maloney Elizabeth Margaret; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD
|
| Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection is associated with infective dermatitis of childhood. Early childhood infection is also thought to play a role in development of a rare malignancy associated with HTLV- I, adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). ATL develops in <5.0% of persons infected with HTLV-I in childhood. Identifying markers associated with increased risk of ATL among infected persons could be used to target persons for early clinical intervention. ... |
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| JUVENILE JUSTICE: Better Documentation of Discretionary Grant Monitoring Is Needed |
OCT 2001 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| OJJDP, within the U.S. Department of Justice, is the primary federal agency responsible for the prevention and control of juvenile delinquency in the United States. This includes preventing, treating and controlling youth gang activity and violence through sponsored research, evaluation, and demonstrating new approaches for communities across the country. The initiatives are carried out by seven components within OJJDP: Research and Program Development Division, Training and Technical Assistance Division, Special ... |
|
| A Study of Critical Army Family Programs |
16 MAR 2001 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
James H. Comish; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| Current U.S. policy supports quality of life improvements for the well-being of the military and their family members. In spite of strong words of support by senior leaders, military policies seem to be failing. Many soldiers are leaving the Army for other careers owing in part to the inadequacy of family support programs and quality of life factors. This strategic research project addresses recent concerns expressed by soldiers and family ... |
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| Accountability for After-School Care. Devising Standards and Measuring Adherence to Them |
2001 |
|
| Authors:
Megan Beckett; Angela Hawken; Alison Jacknowitz; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
|
 | Several long-term trends have led to increased interest on the part of the American public in how and where children spend their time after school. Among these are the following: * The percentage of parents at home when school lets out has steadily declined in the past several decades. * A number of highly publicized violent incidents have occurred involving children and adolescents. * A move toward academic accountability has ... |
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| Labor and Population Program: Analyzing the Costs and Benefits of Early Childhood Interventions |
2001 |
|
| Authors:
RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
|
| As they pay more attention to accountability, funders and implementers of early childhood interventions are becoming more interested in comparing the benefits their programs produce and the costs they incur. RAND has issued a volume providing general guidance for performing such analyses. The report (Assessing Costs and Benefits you of Early Childhood Intervention Programs) also offers, as a case study, application of the guidance to a decision faced by the ... |
|
| RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Mental Health Care for Youth. Who Gets It? How Much Does It Costs? Who Pays? Where Does the Money Go? |
2001 |
|
| Authors:
RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
|
| In the National Action Agenda for Childrens Mental Health, the U.S. Surgeon General warns that the nation is facing public crisis in caring for children and adolescents with behavioral, psychological, and emotional problems. The report, released in January 2001, notes that 1 in 10 young people suffer from mental illness severe enough to cause some level of impairment. Yet fewer than 20 percent of these children receive needed treatment in ... |
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| Directions for Cost and Outcome Analysis of Starting Early Starting Smart. Summary of a Cost Expert Meeting |
2001 |
|
| Authors:
Jill S. Cannon; Lynn A. Karoly; M. R. Kilburn; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
|
| This document summarizes the proceedings of a meeting of cost analysis experts held August 1-2, 2000, convened by RAND on behalf of the Casey Family Programs and the Office of Early Childhood, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). The purpose of the meeting was to address the potential for cost-benefit and related analyses of subsequent demonstration studies of the Starting Early Starting Smart (SESS) program, which is a ... |
|
| Social and Emotional Functioning of Children with NF-1 and Their Families: A Case Controlled Study |
OCT 2000 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Robert B. Noll; CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL CINCINNATI OH
|
| The first objective of this work is to evaluate the social, emotional, and behavioral quality of life (QOL) of children with NF and explore potential linkages between NF and QOL in these 3 domains. The second objective of this work is to evaluate parental distress, family functioning, and child rearing practices. It is hypothesized that the social and emotional status of children with NF plays an important role in predicting ... |
|
| The Role of PTHrP in Mammary Gland Development and Tumorigenesis |
SEP 2000 |
88 pages |
| Authors:
John J. Wysolmerski; YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CT
|
| PTHrP was discovered as The tumor product responsible for the syndrome of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. It is know known to be an important developmental regulatory molecule in several sites, including the mammary gland. Over the four years of this grant, we have used a variety of animal models to investigate the functions of PTHrP during mammary development. We have discovered that PTHrP is necessary for mammary gland formation in ... |
|
| The Role of PTHrp in Epithelial Stromal Interactions During Breast Development |
JUL 2000 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
Maureen Dunbar; Broadus; YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CT SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| We have previously shown that PTHrP is necessary for mammary development. Our studies have suggested that PTHrP is involved in regulating epithe!ial-mesenchymal interactions during both embryonic development as well as ductal outgowth during adolescence. It is our hypothesis that PTHrP is an epithelial signals that modulates the ability of the mammary mesenchyme to support epithelial morphogenesis. Over the three years of this project, we have generated data to support this ... |
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| Quality of Care for Oncologic Conditions and HIV: A Review of the Literature and Quality Indicators |
2000 |
|
| Authors:
Steven M. Asch; Eve A. Kerr; Eric G. Hamilton; Jennifer L. Reifel; Elizabeth A. McGlynn; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
|
| Developing and implementing a valid system of-quality assessment is essential for effective functioning of the health care system. Although a number of groups have produced quality assessment tools, these tools typically suffer from a variety of limitations. Information is obtained on only a few dimensions of quality, the tools rely exclusively on administrative data, they examine quality only for users of services rather than the population, or they fail to ... |
|
| The Role of PTHrP in Mammary Gland Development and Tumorigenesis |
SEP 1999 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
John J. Wysolmerski; YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CT
|
| PTHrP was discovered as the tumor product responsible for the syndrome of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. Experiments in the first two years of this project have shown that PTHrP has an important role during embryonic mammary development. In the third year of this project we have gained a deeper understanding of PTHrP's functions in the embryonic development of the mammary gland. PTHrP is expressed within epithelial cells, during the early ... |
|
| Modeling the Individual Enlistment Decision: Final Study Report |
JUN 1999 |
253 pages |
| Authors:
Paul J. Sticha; Janice H. Laurence; Rodney A. McCloy; Eric S. Wetzel; C. M Knerr; WESTAT INC ROCKVILLE MD
|
| Results of the Youth Attitude Tracking Study (YATS) show declining propensity to enlist among youth and suggest a need for greater attention to theServices' recruiting mission. Additional measures are needed to help determine the segments in which propensity has declined and how this affects the quality and number of enlistees. YATS data were analyzed to identify items that might heused to supplement current propensity variables. Research was reviewed to suggest ... |
|
| Pathways to the Future: A Review of Military Family Research |
JUN 1999 |
335 pages |
| Authors:
Peggy McClure; MARYWOOD COLL SCRANTON PA MILITARY FAMILY INST
|
| Each chapter in this compendium focuses on a particular topic area and reviews what we have learned, identifies gaps in our present knowledge, and suggests directions for future research on military members and their families. In several cases, theoretical issues pertaining to a given substantive area are explored as well. This review of military family research reveals the value of theory and the need for more effort in that direction. ... |
|
| Puberty Differentiation and Breast Cancer Risk |
OCT 1998 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Lewis Chodosh; Stephen Master; PENNSYLVANIA UNIV PHILADELPHIA
|
| BRCA2 is a tumor suppressor gene which has been implicated in a large number of inherited breast cancers. We have generated a full-length human BRCA2 cDNA clone which incorporates silent mutations creating unique restriction sites. Furthermore, we describe a rabbit polyclonal antisernm raised against murine Brca2 which is suitable for both Western blotting and immunoprecipitation. We demonstrate that Brca2 is a nuclear phosphoprotein in a murine mammary epithelial cell line ... |
|
| Cost Impact of Residue Sampling and Collection Strategies for Drug and Explosive Residues |
13 AUG 1998 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph J. Fortuna; Daniel Lucero; CHEMICAL DETECTION SERVICES INC LORTON VA
|
| Screening operations for illicit drug or explosives residues comprise two basic processes: 1) sampling and collection of the residue on an appropriate matrix, and 2) analysis of the sample or residue by an analytical device. Commercially available analytical devices require an initial capital investment. The analysis process is not labor intensive. Conversely, the sampling and collection process is a labor intensive process with high consumption of expendables. ... |
|
| Changing Patterns of Drug Use Among High School Seniors (1976-1995) Who Entered Military Service: Implications for Drug Abuse Prevention |
JUL 1998 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
J. Bachman; P. Freeman-Doan; P. O'Malley; L. Johnston; D. Segal; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR INST FOR SOCIAL RESEARCH
|
| Early in the 198O's, the U.S. &med forces adopted "zero tolerance" policies concerning illicit drug use, and later developed policies to discourage tobacco and alcohol abuse. This article examines patterns of drug use among young recruits both before and after enlistment, compaired with age-mates who did not enter the military, and documents historical shifts across the past two decades. These analyses employed longitudinal panel data from ... |
|
| Report of the NIH Panel to Define Principles of Therapy of HIV Infection and Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents. Vol. 47/No. RR-5 |
25 APR 1998 |
92 pages |
| Authors:
Mark B. Feinberg; Jonathan E. Kaplan; CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL ATLANTA GA
|
| Recent research advances have afforded substantially improved understanding of the biology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the pathogenesis of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). With the advent of sensitive tools for monitoring HIV replication in in fected persons, the risk of disease progression and death can be assessed accurately and the efficacy of anti-HIV therapies can be determined directly. Furthermore, when used appropriate/v, combinations of newly available, potent ... |
|
| Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in Pediatric HIV infection. Vol. 47/No. RR-4 |
17 APR 1998 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICESWASHINGTON DC
|
| Although the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the general virologic and immunologic principles underlying the use of antiretroviral therapy are similar for all HIV infected persons, there are unique considerations needed for HIV-infected infants, children, and adolescents, including: (a) acquisition of infection through perinatal exposure for many infected children; (b) in utero exposure to zidovudine (ZDV) and other antiretroviral viral medications in many perinatally infected children; (c) ... |
|
| A Prospective Evaluation of Stress Fractures/Overuse Injuries in a Population of West Point Cadets |
JUL 1997 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Charles E. Wade; John B. Ryan; John B. Copley; Jill S. Lindberg; Virginia L. Gildengorin; KELLER ARMY COMMUNITY HOSPITAL WEST POINT NY
|
| The objective of this study was to examine the effect of physical training in adolescent males and females on the interrelationship of the hypothaliunic-pituitary-gonadal axis, bone mineral density, and incidence of stress fractures. Participants consisted of male and female Cadets enrolled at the U.S. Military Academy, West Point, NY. Both male and female Cadets had reduced plasma gonadal steroid levels during an intense period of physical training over the first ... |
|
| Violence Prevention and Control Programs in the Navy: A Review of Programs, Program Effectiveness, and Factors Affecting Program Success |
APR 97 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Hal H. Rosen; John P. Sheposh; Joyce Shettel-Dutcher; Annie S. Barnes; Jill M. Ralston; NAVY PERSONNEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The prevalence of violence in everyday life is of universal concern. Terrorism, domestic violence, child abuse, and gang violence exemplify the types of violence that make people feel more vulnerable and cause them to feel that they exist in an increasingly violence prone society. This concern of the prevalence of violence in every day life is not limited to the civilian population. The U.S. military is increasingly concerned with the ... |
|
| Sex Differences and the Effects of Stress on Subsequent Opioid Consumption in Adult Rats Following Adolescent Nicotine Exposure: A Psychopharmacologic Examination of the Gateway Hypothesis |
1997 |
174 pages |
| Authors:
Laura C. Klein; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD
|
| The present experiment examined effects of nicotine administration during adolescence on subsequent opioid consumption in male and female rats. Forty-one day old rats received saline (n =40), 6 mg nicotine/kg/day (n =40), or 12 mg nicotine/kg/day (n =40) by osmotic mini%pump for 24 hours/day for 19 days. After a 7-day cessation period, consumption of fentanyl-HCl solution was evaluated for 4 weeks. Throughout the opioid consumption phase, rats received either 20 ... |
|
| Reducing Unplanned Pregnancies in the Navy |
APR 96 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Marjorie H. Royle; Patricia J. Thomas; NAVY PERSONNEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The objective of this study was to identify promising approaches to reduce unplanned pregnancies in the Navy. A message was sent to Navy commands with women to collect information on efforts to address this problem. Using 1988 and 1992 surveys, responses of first-term enlisted women with planned and unplanned pregnancies were compared to responses of nonpregnant women to identify demographic differences. Finally, civilian studies of efforts to prevent pregnancy among ... |
|
| A 50-Year Prospective Study of the Psychological Sequelae of World War II Combat |
JAN 96 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Kimberly A. Lee; George E. Vaillant; William C. Torrey; Glen H. Elder Jr; NORTH CAROLINA UNIV AT CHAPEL HILL
|
| The authors take advantage of a 50-year prospective study of World War II veterans to examine the predictors and correlates of combat exposure, posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and trait neuroticism (NEO). The subjects were 107 veterans who had been extensively studied before and immediately after serving overseas in World War II. All served as members of the study until the present time, and 91 filled out both questionnaires of ... |
|
| Assessment of Potential for Leadership Phase 1: Development of the Measures |
SEP 95 |
164 pages |
| Authors:
Robert F. Morrison; Rhonda M. Lovec; Barbara A. Woods; Ross R. Vickers Jr; NAVY PERSONNEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| A technology was required to identify potential leaders from among recruits who did not have the technical knowledge required for direct entry into 'A' schools with such requirements. To potentially fulfill this need, an experimental biodata form that emphasized teenage leadership opportunities was developed and an appropriate commercially available personality measure was identified. A major consideration during the above work was to ensure that such technology provided an equal opportunity ... |
|
| Early Childhood Programs: Local Perspectives on Barriers to Providing Head Start Services |
DEC 94 |
|
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC HEALTH EDUCATION AND HUMAN SERVICES D IV
|
|
| Assessment of Two Data Collection Approaches for Fort Bragg Child/ Adolescent Mental Health Demonstration Project Using Power Analysis |
JUL 93 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Barbara E. Wojcik; Catherine R. Stein; Scott A. Optenberg; ARMY HEALTH CARE STUDIES AND CLINICAL INVESTIGATION ACTIVITY FORT SAM HOUSTON TX
|
| This report presents the statistical review regarding an extension of the Fort Bragg Evaluation Project by Vanderbilt University Center for Mental Health Policy. It contains an assessment of two data collection plans using power analysis. The Monte Carlo power analysis performed by Vanderbilt University is also evaluated. Based on the current short-term data collection plan submitted by the State of North Carolina, the statistical power is computed to be 80.258%. ... |
|
| Assessment of Two Data Collection Approaches for Fort Bragg Child/ Adolescent Mental Health Demonstration Project Using Power Analysis. Part 1. Revision |
JUN 93 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Barbara E. Wojcik; Catherine R. Stein; Scott A. Optenberg; ARMY HEALTH CARE STUDIES AND CLINICAL INVESTIGATION ACTIVITY FORT SAM HOUSTON TX
|
| This report presents the statistical review regarding an extension of the Fort Bragg Evaluation Project by Vanderbilt University Center for Mental Health Policy. It contains an assessment of two data collection plans using Power analysis. The Monte Carlo power analysis performed by Vanderbilt University is also evaluated. Based on the current short-tern data collection plan submitted by the State of North Carolina, the statistical power is computed to be 80.258%. ... |
|
| Influences on the Military Enlistment Decision-Making Process: Findings from the 1991 Youth Attitude Tracking Study |
MAY 93 |
92 pages |
| Authors:
Pat Lerro; Janice H Laurence; Peter F Ramsberger; HUMAN RESOURCES RESEARCH ORGANIZATION ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| This report examines data from the 1991 Youth Attitude Tracking Study (YATS) survey concerning the influence of perceptions, people, and policies on the enlistment decision making process. The data examined include: stated reasons for and against enlisting; perceptions of the military in general military life, and the individual Services: the impact of current events on stated likelihood of enlisting; the influence of others with whom military service was discussed; knowledge ... |
|
| Youth Attitude Tracking Study 1991: Propensity and Advertising Report |
23 APR 93 |
117 pages |
| Authors:
Veronica Nieva; Michael Wilson; Elizabeth Kolmstetter; James Greenless; Mary Madigan; WESTAT INC ROCKVILLE MD
|
| This Propensity Report provides a summary of the Fall 1991 Youth Attitude Tracking Study. It includes a discussion of the demographic characteristics of the YATS population, as well as data on enlistment propensity and its sociodemographic correlates for the various active and Reserve components, respectively. This year's report also includes a section on military advertising awareness and slogan recognition among the youth interviewed. Advertising awareness is discussed in relation to ... |
|
| The Effect of Combat on the Developing Personality |
23 APR 93 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Leonard J. Ruotolo; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| Although the great majority of physiological development of the individual is completed just prior to or during adolescence, his personality is still undergoing crucial formative processes. It is during this time when most young men are called to initial military service. Further, men of this critical age period are most often those engaged in direct combat. The practice of putting these men into direct combat can cause arrest and deformation ... |
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