| PTEN Loss Antagonizes Calcitriol-Mediated Growth Inhibition in Prostate Epithelial Cells |
May-2009 |
53 pages |
| Authors:
Linara S Axanova; WAKE FOREST UNIV WINSTON-SALEM NC SCHOOL OF HEALTH SCIENCES
|
 | 1-alpha, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) elicits antiproliferative effects in a variety of cancer cell types including prostate cells while the PI3K/AKT pathway stimulates pro-survival signals. The antiproliferative effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 almost universally involves upregulation of p21 and/or p27, while activation of PI3K/AKT downregulates p21 and p27 levels. We hypothesized that inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway synergizes with the antiproliferative signaling of 1,25(OH)2D3. We demonstrate that pharmacological inhibitors of PI3K or ... |
|
| Ethnicity and Prostate Cancer: Vitamin D Genetic and Sociodemographic Factors |
Mar-2009 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Kathleen C Torkko; COLORADO UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER AURORA CO
|
| During the 2nd year of the grant, genotyping and sociodemographic survey development and distribution was started and is on-going. The sociodemographic survey was developed, tested, and approved by the local internal review board. Initial distribution of the survey was carried out in January 2009. A second mailing is currently underway. So far approximately 50% of men have responded. Men who have not responded to two mailings will be asked to ... |
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| Vitamin D Supplementation in Submarines |
02-Dec-2008 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey Gertner; Wayne Horn; NAVAL SUBMARINE MEDICAL RESEARCH LAB GROTON CT
|
| Vitamin D is primarily recognized for its role in calcium homeostasis. However, recent research has suggested that the functions of vitamin D may be more numerous and complex. This paper is a review of basic physiology of vitamin D, recent research, and how it applies to submarine crews. Epidemiological and cellular research indicate that vitamin D may play a role in autoimmune disorders and cancer formation. These studies are not ... |
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| Vitamin D Supplementation in Submariners |
02-Dec-2008 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey Gertner; Wayne Horn; NAVAL SUBMARINE MEDICAL RESEARCH LAB GROTON CT
|
| Vitamin D is primarily recognized for its role in calcium homeostasis. However, recent research has suggested that the functions of vitamin D may be more numerous and complex. This paper is a review of basic physiology of vitamin D, recent research, and how it applies to submarine crews. Epidemiological and cellular research indicate that vitamin D may play a role in autoimmune disorders and cancer formation. These studies are not ... |
|
| The Role of Vitamin D Stimulation of Mullerian Inhibiting Substance (MIS) in Prostate Cancer Therapy |
Dec-2008 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
David Feldman; STANFORD UNIV CA
|
| This grant investigates the potential use of calcitriol regulation of mullerian inhibitory substance (MIS) expression as an incremental therapy for prostate cancer. We have established that calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) directly stimulates MIS expression by binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and directing the hormone-receptor complex to bind to a vitamin D regulatory element (VDRE) in the MIS promoter. We have attempted to demonstrate that combination of calcitriol and MIS ... |
|
| Vitamin D, Breast Cancer and Bone Health |
Oct-2008 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Eva Balint; STANFORD UNIV CA
|
| This is a multidisciplinary postdoctoral award investigating the role of vitamin D in aromatase inhibitor-induced osteoporosis in breast cancer, supporting studies in basic science, clinical research and epidemiology. During the reporting period, the recipient successfully made the transition towards becoming an independent investigator in translational research the breast cancer field. After several cycles of optimizing and re-designing the protocol, the clinical trial received all necessary approvals including the IND from ... |
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| Determination of Optimum Vitamin D Nutrition in Young Women |
Oct-2008 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
John C Gallagher; CREIGHTON UNIV OMAHA NE
|
| The main objective of the current proposal is to study the effect of increasing doses of vitamin D3 in a group of young women with hypovitaminosis D (serum 25OHD 20 ng/ml) and an adequate calcium intake of 1200 -1400mg/day. This is a double blind randomized placebo controlled study .There will be 5 treatment arms, four vitamin D3 dose groups ,400, 800, 1600, and 2400 IU/day and placebo .Calcium citrate tablets ... |
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| Nanospheric Chemotherapeutic and Chemoprotective Agents |
01-Sep-2008 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Larisa Sheihet; RUTGERS - THE STATE UNIV NEW BRUNSWICK NJ
|
| The purpose of this research is to explore the ability of tyrosine-derived nanospheres to improve the anti-tumor activity while simultaneously targeting the drug-nanosphere complex to diseased cells thereby minimizing unwanted effects on healthy cells. This report describes the optimization of nanospheres binding efficiency of three anti-cancer agents: camptothecin paclitaxel and vitamin D3 Tyrosine-derived nanospheres efficiently encapsulate vitamin D3 and paclitaxel under all investigated conditions. However our nanospheres bind only limited ... |
|
| Vitamin D and Influenza |
Jul-2008 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
John Umhau; NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH BETHESDA MD
|
| A briefing on the health benefits of Vitamin D, including discussion of its use in cold and flu prevention. |
|
| Ethnicity and Prostate Cancer: Vitamin D Genetic and Sociodemographic Factors |
01-Mar-2008 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
Kathleen C Torkko; COLORADO UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER AURORA CO
|
| During the first year of the grant, one paper was accepted for publication based on the grantees PhD work. This paper would not have been completed without the additional resources provided by this grant and the grant is duly acknowledged in the paper. One other paper was published in the year as a result of collaborations with some of the grantees mentors. Both papers examined differences in genetic polymorphisms in ... |
|
| Treatment of Prostate Cancer with a DBP-MAF-Vitamin D Complex to Target Angiogenesis and Tumorigenesis |
01-Feb-2008 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Michael W Fannon; KENTUCKY UNIV LEXINGTON
|
| The purpose of this study has been to determine the efficacy of combined therapy using vitamin D binding protein-macrophage activating factor (DBP-maf) and vitamin D as therapy for human prostate cancer. We had found that in endothelial tube formation vitamin D and DBP-maf inhibited the tube formation. Both molecules were effective on their own however the vitamin D showed evidence of toxicity at higher concentration. We here show that the ... |
|
| Enhancement of Vitamin D Action in Prostate Cancer through Silencing of CYP24 |
FEB 2008 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Dolores J. Lamb; BAYLOR COLL OF MEDICINE HOUSTON TX
|
| This study focuses on the enzyme, CYP24 which hydroxylates vitamin D acting to catalyze the first step in the breakdown of Vitamin D, effectively limiting this growth inhibitory signaling pathway. We are testing the hypothesis that through the inhibition of CYP24 using an siRNA approach we can convert prostate cancer cells that are resistant to the antiproliferative actions of Vitamin D to cells that are growth inhibited at low concentrations ... |
|
| Efficacy of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation for the Prevention of Stress Fractures in Female Naval Recruits |
SEP 2007 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Joan M. Lappe; CREIGHTON UNIV OMAHA NE
|
| The goal was to determine if calcium and vitamin D supplementation can reduce the incidence of stress fracture in female Naval recruits during basic training. The secondary goal was to examine the potential mechanisms for increasing bone adaptation to intense mechanical loading. We recruited 5201 females who were randomly assigned to calcium 2000 mg and vitamin D 800 I.U. per day or a control placebo group. The intervention and stress ... |
|
| Ethnic and Environmental Influences on Vitamin D Requirement in Military Personnel |
SEP 2007 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Robert P. Heaney; CREIGHTON UNIV OMAHA NE
|
| The purposes of this study are to provide quantitative estimates of 1) the effective amount of vitamin D produced in the skin as a function of skin pigmentation; and 2) the rate of utilization of vitamin D as a function of ethnicity. The outcome consist of estimates of the amount of vitamin D that must be given orally to military personnel of different races and in different assigned locations so ... |
|
| To Investigate the Therapeutic Effects of the COX-2 Inhibitor NS-398 as a Single Agent, and in Combination with Vitamin D, in Vitro and in Vivo |
JAN 2007 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Yi-Fen Lee; ROCHESTER UNIV NY
|
| The incidence of prostate cancer has increased and effort is needed towards understanding mechanisms involved in development/progression of prostate cancer and developing new strategies for prevention/treatment. Studies suggested nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as COX-2 inhibitor, act as chemopreventative agents and found COX-2 expression in prostate cancer correlated with cancer progression. Treatment of prostate cancer cells with COX-2 inhibitor, NS-398, induces VDR expression, and might increase vitamin D sensitivity. Treatment of ... |
|
| The Role of Vitamin D Stimulation of Mullerian Inhibiting Substance (MIS) in Prostate Cancer Therapy |
DEC 2006 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
David Feldman; STANFORD UNIV CA
|
| We propose that MIS regulation may be an important element contributing to the ability of 1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) to inhibit the growth and progression of prostate cancer cells. We have shown that calcitriol acts by several pathways to inhibit the growth of prostate cancer cells [1-5]. In the current studies we show that calcitriol also stimulates the expression of MIS in a standard human prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP. ... |
|
| Molecular Mechanisms of Differential Effects of Calcitriol on Endothelial Cells Isolated from Prostate Tumor and Normal Microenvironment |
01-Oct-2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Ivy Chung; HEALTH RESEARCH INC BUFFALO NY
|
| The focus of this project is to evaluate the effects of calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol), the active form of vitamin D and/or dexamethasone on endothelial cells found in both tumor and non-tumor or normal microenvironments. Calcitriol has significant anti-tumor effects in LNCaP, PC-3, and MLL Dunning rat prostate models. Dexamethasone potentiates the antitumor effects of calcitriol. In mice, we have demonstrated that calcitriol s effect in vivo could contribute to its action ... |
|
| Vitamin D-Prostaglandin Interactions and Effects in Prostate Cancer |
OCT 2006 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Jacqueline Moreno; LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIV STANFORD CA
|
| 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol), the active form of vitamin D3 is a hormone with anti-proliferative and prodifferentiation effects in prostate cancer (PCa) cells. Our ultimate goal is to identify novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of PCa with calcitriol. Previous to this study, we have used cDNA microarray analysis of established human PCa cell lines identifying, among others, the regulation of genes implicated in prostaglandin (PG) bioactivity. PGs are implicated in ... |
|
| Efficacy of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation for the Prevention of Stress Fractures in Female Naval Recruits |
OCT 2006 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Joan M. Lappe; CREIGHTON UNIV OMAHA NE
|
| The goal is to determine if calcium and vitamin 0 supplementation can reduce the incidence of stress fracture by at least 50% in female Naval recruits during basic training. The secondary goal is to examine the potential mechanisms for increasing bone adaptation to intense mechanical loading. The Command Officers at the Great Lakes Naval Station stopped the study on xxx because we had recruited our originally targeted sample size. We ... |
|
| Ethnic and Environmental Influences on Vitamin D Requirement in Military Personnel |
OCT 2006 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Robert P. Heaney; CREIGHTON UNIV OMAHA NE
|
| The purposes of this study are to provide quantitative estimates of 1) the effective amount of vitamin D produced in the skin as a function of skin pigmentation; and 2) the rate of utilization of vitamin D as a function of ethnicity. The outcome will be estimates of the amount of vitamin D that must be given orally to military personnel of different races and in different assigned locations so ... |
|
| Alkylating Derivatives of Vitamin D Hormone for Prostate Cancer |
OCT 2006 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Rahul Ray; BOSTON UNIV MA
|
| The most significant achievement of this period is the development of a synthetic scheme to produce substantial quantity of our target compound i.e. 1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3-3-bromoacetate. This is extremely important for the current project and for the future development of this compound for prostate cancer. We have also screened this compound against prostate and kidney cancer cells for its antiproloferative activity. In addition we have developed a mouse xenograft model ... |
|
| UV Exposure, Vitamin D, and Prostate Cancer Risk in African Americans |
AUG 2006 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Yasmine Kanaan; HOWARD UNIV WASHINGTON DC
|
| African American men have the highest incidence of prostate cancer compared to other ethnic groups. This cohort also tends to present at an advanced stage with aggressive histology and increased cancer-related mortality. There is accumulating evidence that vitamin D may be an important determinant of the occurrence and progression of prostate cancer. Because the prostate cancer mortality rate increases significantly as the availability of ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure decreases, and ... |
|
| Susceptibility to Radiation Induced Apoptosis and Senescence in p53 Wild Type and p53 Mutant Breast Tumor Cells |
JUL 2006 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Gerald DeMasters; VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV RICHMOND
|
| 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) and vitamin D3 analogs such as EB 1089 potentiate the response to ionizing radiation in breast tumor cells. The current studies address the basis for this interaction by evaluating DNA damage and repair, the impact of interference with reactive oxygen generation, the involvement of p53 and caspase 3, signaling through c-myc, as well as the induction of senescence and multiple modes of cell death. EB 1089 failed ... |
|
| Vitamin D Treatment of Prostate Cancer: The Inhibitory Role of IGFBP-3 |
JAN 2006 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
David Feldman; STANFORD UNIV CA
|
| Calcitriol plays a critical role in maintaining mineral homeostasis but also exhibits antiproliferative activity in many cancers. We have shown that the antiproliferative actions of calcitriol in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells are mediated mainly by induction of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3). We also found that androgens increase expression of IGFBP-3 and cause a major enhancement of IGFBP-3 stimulation by calcitriol. The purpose of this study was ... |
|
| Molecular Mechanism for Prostate Cancer Resistance to the Anti-Tumor Activity |
NOV 2005 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Larisa Nonn; LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIV STANFORD CA
|
| The original purpose of this research, as proposed in the statement of work, was to determine the mechanism by which prostate cancer (PCa) cells become resistant to the anti-tumor activity of vitamin D. The proposal focused on a PCa-specific deficiency in a key vitamin D metabolizing enzyme, 1alpha-hydroxylase (1alphaOH). We encountered unforeseen difficulties with one of the key techniques in the original proposal. Therefore we decided to focus on vitamin ... |
|
| Efficacy of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation for the Prevention of Stress Fractures in Female Naval Recruits |
OCT 2005 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Joan M. Lappe; CREIGHTON UNIV OMAHA NE
|
| The goal of this project is to determine if calcium and vitamin D intervention can reduce the incidence of stress fracture by at least 50% in female Naval recruits during basic training. The secondary goal is to examine the potential mechanisms for increasing bone adaptation to intense mechanical loading. We will recruit 5200 recruits who will be randomly assigned to an intervention group given calcium 2000 mg and vitamin D ... |
|
| Ethnic and Environmental Influence on Vitamin D Requirement in Military Personnel |
OCT 2005 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Robert P. Heaney; CREIGHTON UNIV OMAHA NE
|
| The purposes of this study are to provide quantitative estimates of 1) the effective amount of vitamin D produced in the skin as a function of skin pigmentation; and 2) the rate of utilization of vitamin D as a function of ethnicity. The outcome will be estimates of the amount of vitamin D that must be given orally to military personnel of different races and in different assigned locations so ... |
|
| Vitamin D-Prostaglandin Interactions and Effects on Prostate Cancer |
OCT 2005 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
Jacqueline Moreno; LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIV STANFORD CA
|
| Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death in North American men [1]. According to the American Cancer Society more than 232,000 men will be diagnosed with PCa in 2005 and approximately 10% of these men will die of the disease [1]. Primary therapy for PCa involves the removal of the prostate by surgery or radiation therapy. Unfortunately, after initial treatment ... |
|
| Prevention of Post-Radiotherapy Failure in Prostate Cancer by Vitamin D |
MAR 2005 |
112 pages |
| Authors:
Srinivasan Vijayakumar; CALIFORNIA UNIV DAVIS
|
| Prostate cancer patients receive either surgery or radiation therapy as treatment for cancer. Among patients receiving radiation therapy, nearly 50% have an elevation of PSA within five years of treatment. These patients then receive hormone treatment. In this study, we wish to test the theory that chemopreventive agents, which show the ability to prevent or delay the growth of prostate cancer cells in the laboratory, may also prevent or delay ... |
|
| Vitamin D. Treatment of Prostate Cancer: The Inhibitory Role of IGFBP-3 |
JAN 2005 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
David Feldman; Lihong Peng; STANFORD UNIV CA
|
| Calcitriol plays a critical role in maintaining mineral homeostasis but also exhibits antiproliferative activity in many cancers. We have shown that the antiproliferative actions of calcitriol in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells are mediated mainly by induction of insulin-like growth factor binding protein- 3(IGFBP-3). We also found that androgens increase expression of IGFBP-3 and cause a major enhancement of IGFBP-3 stimulation by calcitriol. The purpose of this study was to ... |
|
| Efficacy of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation for the Prevention of Stress Fractures in Female Naval Recruits |
OCT 2004 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Joan M. Lappe; CREIGHTON UNIV OMAHA NE
|
| The goal of this project is to determine if calcium and vitamin D intervention can reduce the incidence of stress fracture by at least 50% in female Naval recruits during basic training. We will recruit 5200 recruits who will be randomly assigned to an intervention group given calcium 2000 mg and vitamin D 800 I.U. per day or a control placebo group. The recruit intervention and stress fracture monitoring will ... |
|
| Ethnic and Environmental Influence on Vitamin D Requirement in Military Personnel |
OCT 2004 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Robert P. Heaney; CREIGHTON UNIV OMAHA NE
|
| The purposes of this study are to provide quantitative estimates of 1) the effective amount of vitamin D produced in the skin as a function of skin pigmentation; and 2) the rate of utilization of vitamin D as a function of ethnicity. The outcome will be estimates of the amount of vitamin D that must be given orally to military personnel of different races and in different assigned locations so ... |
|
| Regulation of Vitamin D Metabolism |
OCT 2004 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Norman H. Bell; MEDICAL UNIV OF SOUTH CAROLINA CHARLESTON
|
| Compared to whites, blacks and Asian Indians have a reduction in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH)D as a consequence of increased skin pigment that causes a diminished rate of dermal production of vitamin D3 from 7- dehydrocholesterol and possibly of increased activity of 25(OH)D-24-hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme for degradation of vitamin D metabolites, in cultured skin fibroblasts. Thus, production and degradation of 25(OH)D may be altered in these two racial groups. ... |
|
| 1 ALPHA-Hydroxyvitamin D5 as a Chemotherapeutic and Possibly Chemopreventive Agent |
SEP 2004 |
95 pages |
| Authors:
Tapas K. Das Gupta; ILLINOIS UNIV AT CHICAGO
|
| We identified a novel vitamin D analog, 1 alpha-hydroxy-24 ethyl vitamin D5 (1 alpha(OH)D5) that showed potent growth inhibitory and cell- differentiating actions in breast cancer cells. Based on our findings in vitro and in vivo, we hypothesized that 1 alpha(OH)D5 (D5), when administered to women with breast cancer, will induce differentiation of dedifferentiated cells and thereby prevent progression of malignancy. In 1999-2000, we completed preclinical studies in rats, showing ... |
|
| Mechanism of Action of a Novel Analog of Vitamin D3 1 Alpha-hydroxy-24- ethyl Cholecalciferol (D5) in Normal and Transformed Human Breast Epithelial Cells |
MAY 2004 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Erum A. Hussain; Rajendra G. Mehta; ILLINOIS UNIV AT CHICAGO
|
| It is now well established that the active metabolite of vitamin D3, 1alpha, 25 (OH)2D3, regulates cell growth and differentiation in various in vitro models. However, its clinical use is precluded due to its hypercalcemic activity in vivo. Hence, several less calcemic vitamin D3 analogs have been synthesized and evaluated for their chemopreventive and therapeutic efficacy in experimental carcinogenesis models. We have previously reported an analog of vitamin D3, 1-hydroxy-24-ethyl ... |
|
| 1 A-Hydroxyvitamin D5 as a Chemotherapeutic and Possibly Chemopreventive Agent |
SEP 2003 |
82 pages |
| Authors:
Tepas K. Das Gupta; ILLINOIS UNIV AT CHICAGO
|
| We identified a novel vitamin D analog, la-hydroxy-24 ethyl vitamin D5 (1alpha(OH)D5) that showed potent growth inhibitory and cell-differentiating actions in breast cancer cells. Based On our findings in vitro and in vivo, we hypothesized that 1alpha(0H)Ds(D5)when administered to women with breast cancer, will induce differentiation of dedifferentiated cells and thereby prevent progression of malignancy. 1999-2000, we completed preclinical studies in rats, showing that D5 has no serious toxicity; a ... |
|
| Role of Map Kinase in Mediating the Effects of Vitamin D3 Metabolites on Growth Plate Chondrocytes |
MAY 2003 |
75 pages |
| Authors:
Ehland Haris; TEXAS UNIV HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT SANANTONIO
|
| Endochondral bone formation involves a developmental cascade of cell differentiation and maturation, which culminates in mineralization of the extracellular matrix by chondrocytes. The process is required for normal long bone growth and in certain kinds of bone repair. Vitamin D3 plays an important regulatory role in chondrocyte differentiation and maturation and therefore is essential for proper endochondral ossification. The vitamin D3 family contains two metabolites, 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 and 24R,25(OH)2D3, which have ... |
|
| Prevention of Post-Radiotherapy Failure in Prostate Cancer by Vitamin D |
MAR 2003 |
192 pages |
| Authors:
Srinivasan Vijayakumar; CALIFORNIA UNIV DAVIS
|
| Prostate cancer patients receive surgery or radiation therapy (RT) as treatment for cancer. Among patients receiving RT, 50% have an elevation of PSA within five years of treatment. These patients then receive hormones. We will test the theory that chemopreventive agents, which can prevent or delay the growth of prostate cancer cells in the laboratory, may prevent or delay the reappearance of prostate cancer in patients who have undergone RT ... |
|
| The Emerging Role of Vitamin D in Cancer Risk Reduction |
2003 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Cedric F. Garland; Frank C. Garland; Edward D. Gorham; Martin Lipkin; Harold Newmark; Michael F. Holick; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Recent advances confirming a role of vitamin D in reduction of the risk of cancer have created a new field of clinical interest. This is a review of the laboratory, clinical, epidemiological evidence supporting the role of vitamin D in reduction of the incidence of breast, colon and prostate cancer, and the biological mechanisms of vitamin D anticarcinogenesis. It describes the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the United States ... |
|
| Androgen and Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Risk |
OCT 2002 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
John A. Baron; DARTMOUTH COLL HANOVER NH
|
| This project assessed the association between breast cancer risk and polymorphisms of the androgen receptor (AR) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) genes among subjects in a population-based case-control study in Sweden. From this study population, breast cancer cases and control women have been randomly selected for genomic DNA analysis. The collection of blood or tissue specimens has been funded from other sources; this award was for the measurement of the ... |
|
| Ethnic and Environmental Influence on Vitamin D Requirement in Military Personnel |
OCT 2002 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Robert P. Heaney; CREIGHTON UNIV OMAHA NE
|
| This is the first annual report with respect to the above-referenced award. Although the award was made as of 1 October 2001, authorization to proceed was not received from USAMRMC until 15 July 2002. Hence this report, although technically covering the first year of the award, describes work performed only from 15 July 2002 until submission of this report, i.e., a period of roughly only 2.5 months. |
|
| Mechanism of Action of a Novel Analog of Vitamin D, 1 alpha-hydroxy-24- ethyl Cholecalciferol (VD5), in Normal and Transformed Human Breast Epithelial Cells |
MAY 2002 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Erum A. Hussain; Rajendra G. Mehta; ILLINOIS UNIV AT CHICAGO
|
| Several epidemiological studies had suggested a correlation between increased breast cancer mortality rates and lower serum levels of vitamin D3. The active form of vitamin D (1,25(OH)2 D3) has now been well recognized as an effective suppressing agent for leukemia, breast, colon, and prostate cancers. However, due to its hypercalcemic activity it is toxic at levels that are necessary for its chemopreventive effects. Therefore, much attention has been paid to ... |
|
| Intercellular Communication and Chemoprevention of Prostate Cancer by Analogs of Vitamin A and D |
JAN 2002 |
80 pages |
| Authors:
Parmender P. Mehta; NEBRASKA UNIV MEDICAL CENTER OMAHA
|
| Though the natural and synthetic analogs of vitamin A and D are used as chemopreventive agents, their use in clinical trials has been hampered due to toxic effects. We have identified 2 genes that regulate the invasiveness of prostate cancer (PCA) cells. They code for proteins called connexins which assemble to form specialized structures called gap junctions that allow the exchange of small molecules between cells - a phenomenon called ... |
|
| Adjuvant Action of Hepatocyte Growth Factor in Vitamin D Therapy of Androgen-Unresponsive Prostate Cancer |
DEC 2001 |
84 pages |
| Authors:
Bernard A. Ross; MIAMI UNIV FL SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| This research is aimed at discovering new therapies for advanced prostate cancer and developing in preclinical models a treatment for androgen- independent prostate cancer that bolsters vitamin D's antitumor actions. We are examining separate and combined growth- regulatory actions of growth factors and hormones with vitamin D. While we are focused on paradoxical growth-inhibitory actions of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), we are also seeking agents that act similarly with vitamin ... |
|
| Androgen and Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Risk |
OCT 2001 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
John A. Baron; DARTMOUTH COLL HANOVER NH
|
| This project will assess the association between breast cancer risk and polymorphisms of the androgen receptor (AR) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) genes among subjects in a population-based case-control study in Sweden. From this study population, breast cancer cases and control women have been randomly selected for genomic DNA analysis. The collection of blood or tissue specimens has been funded from other sources; this award is for the measurement of ... |
|
| IGF-1, 1,25 (OH) Vitamin D, and Prostate Cancer |
OCT 2001 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Edward L. Giovannucci; HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH BOSTON MA
|
| The scientific rationale for this Idea Grant was to clarify whether modifiable, mainly nutritional, influence levels of IGF-l, IGFBP-3, 1,25 (OH)2 vitamin D (l,25(OH)2D), and 25(OH)vitamin D. High levels of IGF-l and low l, 25(OH)2D have been shown to be related to elevated risk of prostate cancer. Some dietary factors that hypothetically impact on these serological factors, including total energy intake, calcium intake and protein intake, have been associated with ... |
|
| 1 A-Hydroxyvitamin D5 as a Chemotherapeutic and Possibly Chemopreventive Agent |
SEP 2001 |
305 pages |
| Authors:
Tapas K. Das Gupta; ILLINOIS UNIV AT CHICAGO
|
| Recently we identified a novel vitamin D analog, 1alpha-hydroxy-24 ethyl vitamin D5 (1alpha(OH)D5) that showed potent growth inhibitory and cell- differentiating actions in breast cancer cells. Based on our findings in in vitro and in vivo experimental model systems, we hypothesized that 1alpha(OH)D5, when administered to women with breast cancer, will induce differentiation of dedifferentiated cells and thereby prevent progression of malignancy. In 1999- 2000, we completed the preclinical study ... |
|
| Modulation of Paclitaxel Antitumor Effects by Calcitriol: Preclinical Studies of Mechanism, Toxicity and Efficacy in Prostate Cancer |
APR 2001 |
126 pages |
| Authors:
Donald Trump; PITTSBURGH UNIV PA
|
| Vitamin D or 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (calcitriol)inhibits proliferation, induces differentiation and modulates cell cycle progression in a variety of normal and malignant cells. We demonstrated in the Dunning rate prostate cancer(Mat-Ly-Lu) and a human xenograft model (PC-3) that calcitriol has significant anti-proliferative activity, arrests cells in GO/G1, modulates expression of p27 and p21, induces PARP cleavage and significantly enhances the anti-tumor activity of conventional chemotherapeutic agents, especially paclitaxel. In addition, we have ... |
|
| Vitamin D-Androgen Interaction in Prostate Cancer |
MAR 2001 |
57 pages |
| Authors:
David Feldman; STANFORD UNIV CA
|
| The purpose of this research is to gain an understanding of the vitamin D - androgen interaction in prostate cancer. Calcitriol, the active hormonal form of vitamin D, induces androgen receptors (AR) in prostate cells. Major findings thus far involve studies in two areas. First, the ability of vitamin D and retinoids to regulate AR levels in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells. These studies have led to a publication which ... |
|
| Anti-Breast Cancer Effects of Vitamin D3 Analogs Either Alone or in Combination with Other Agents |
NOV 2000 |
121 pages |
| Authors:
H. O. Koeffler; CEDARS-SINAI MEDICAL CENTER LOS ANGELESCA
|
| We have studied the effects of various vitamin D analogs alone and in combination against breast cancer cells. We have found the vitamin D analog EBlO89 to be particularly potent against in vivo breast cancer cells (MCF-7), without causing hypercalcemia or other major side-effects. An additive effect was observed when a vitamin D analog and Taxol were administered together. EBl089 plus Taxol was the most active combination. Our studies have ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
*VITAMIN D
