| Absence of Protective Immunity Against Diphtheria in a Large Proportion of Young Adults, |
APR 1992 |
|
| Authors:
R. Rappuoli; A. Podda; F. Giovannoni; L. Nencioni; M. Pragallo; SCLAVO S P A RESEARCH CENTER SIENA (ITALY)
|
 | The schedule of vaccination which is recommended worldwide for diphtheria, tetanus and other diseases, provides good immunity during childhood. However, little attention has been paid to keep an effective immunity in adults. We have collected sera from 334 recruits of the Italian Army and tested them for the presence of protective immunity against diphtheria and tetanus. In vivo neutralization assays were performed on rabbits and mice -and the values below ... |
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| Future Approaches to Vaccine Development Single-Dose Vaccines Using Controlled-Release Delivery Systems, |
APR 1992 |
|
| Authors:
Dr. M. T. Aguado; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION GENEVA (SWITZERLAND)
|
| The development of new vaccines, both more efficacious and easier to deliver, has become an area of research that can certainly benefit from recent technical developments. In particular, the conversion of multiple-dose vaccines into single-dose vaccines may represent an important advance which should lead to improved vaccination coverage, as well as to a reduction in vaccination costs. In order to be fully immunized against diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, poliomyeltis and hepatitis ... |
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| Development of an Antibody that Binds Sulfur Mustard |
Jan-1992 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
C N Lieske; R S Klopcic; C L Gross; J H Clark; T W Dolzine; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF CHEMICAL DEFENSE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
 | An antibody that binds bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide (sulfur mustard) was developed. The immunizing antigen was prepared from the hapten 4-(2-chloroethyl) benzoic acid covalently bound to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). The antibody was monitored by a solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The test antigen consisted of a second hapten, 8-chlorocaprylic acid, covalently bound to bovine serum albumin (BSA). The test antigen was absorbed to the wells of 96-well plates. The immunizing and ... |
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| Lipospheres as a Vaccine Carrier System: Effects of Size, Charge, and Phospholipid Composition |
1992 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Shimon Amselem; Abraham J. Domb; Carl R. Alving; WALTER REED ARMY INST OF RESEARCH WASHINGTON DC
|
| This study describes a new fat-based vehicle (liposphere) that has been developed as a carrier for vaccines. Manufacture of lipospheres is accomplished by gently melting neutral fat in the presence of phospholipid and antigen, and then dispersing the melted mixture in an aqueous suspension by vigorous shaking. Upon cooling of this mixture a phospholipid-stabilized solid hydrophobic fat core containing antigen forms spontaneously. A typical composition of the lipid phase of ... |
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| Synthetic Vaccines for the Control of Arenavirus Infections |
22 OCT 91 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Michael J. Buchmeier; SCRIPPS CLINIC AND RESEARCH FOUNDATION LA JOLLA CA
|
| During the contract year August 1, 1990 through July 31, 1991, we made substantial progress in several important aspects of our goal to define a strategy to employ synthetic vaccine strategies to immunization against arenavirus infections: (1) Refinements of our model of the arenavirus spike structure to include the GP-l/GP-2 interaction and the predicted conformation of GP-2 and its interaction an on with the membrane and viral nucleocapsid core. (2) ... |
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| Effectiveness of the Revaccination of Hamadryas Baboons with Dried Live Plague Vaccine NIIS and Yersinia Pestis Fraction I |
91 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
A. A. Byvalov; V. N. Paumov; Yu. V. Chicherin; V. A. Levedinskiy; V. I. Yevtigneyev; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| In order to prevent illnesses in plague endemic regions the USSR is using a live vaccine made on the basis of the EV plague microbe strain. Numerous studies have demonstrated that among the mass methods of plague vaccine immunization, the inhalation method has the greatest productivity, simplicity and is highly effective. At the the same time it is known that a single injection of live vaccine, including by inhalation, does ... |
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| Development of a Controlled Release Delivery System for Immunogens |
15 FEB 90 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Judith P. Kitchell; DYNAGEN INC CAMBRIDGE MA
|
| The development program addresses the problem of effectively protecting military personnel from bacterial, viral, or toxic incapacitation. At the present, logistical problems in carrying out a protective program remain formidable because vaccination programs involve: multiple injections; administration by trained medical personnel; and careful medical record maintenance. An approach to reducing the 'Logistical problems is to modify immunization formulations so that single doses confer complete immunity. The overall program goal is ... |
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| Immunization against Anthrax with Aromatic-Dependent (Aro-) Mutants of Bacillus anthracis and with Recombinant Strains of Bacillus subtilis Producing Anthrax Protective Antigen |
13 OCT 89 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Bruce E. Ivins; Susan L. Welkos; Gregory B. Knudson; Stephen F. Little; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| The safety and efficacy of five prototype, live anthrax vaccines were studied in Hartly guinea pigs and CBA/J and A/J mice. Two of the strains, Bacillus anthracis FD111 and FD112, are Aro-mutants derived by transposon mutagenesis UM23-1. B. subtilis strains PA1 and PA2 contain a recombinant plasmid, pPA101 or pPA102 respectively, that carriers the gene from B. anthracis encoding protective antigen (PA). B. subtilis DB-104 transformed with pPA101. All five ... |
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| Immunogenic Characterization of the Dengue Virus Specified Nonstructural Glycoprotein GP48 (NV3, Soluble Complement Fixing Antigen) |
09 SEP 88 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Jacob J. Schlesinger; ROCHESTER GENERAL HOSPITAL NY INFECTIOUS DISEASE UNIT
|
| Efforts have been concerned with mechanisms of the protective immune response to the flavivirus nonstructural protein NS1 and identification of protective NS1 domains for incorporation in possible future subunit flavivirus vaccines. We have reported that immunization with yellow fever (YF) NS1 protects mice and monkeys against lethal YF infection and that mice immunized with dengue (DEN)-2 NS1 are similarly protected against the flavivirus. These observations have since been confirmed and ... |
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| Immunological Analysis of Cell-Associated Antigens of Bacillus anthracis |
FEB 88 |
|
| Authors:
John W. Ezzell Jr.; Teresa G. Abshire; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Sera from Hartley guinea pigs vaccinated with a veterinary live spore anthrax vaccine were compared with sera from guinea pigs vaccinated with the human anthrax, vaccine, which consists of aluminum hydroxide-adsorbed culture proteins of Bacillus anthracis V770-NP-1R. Sera from animals vaccinated with the spore vaccine recognized two major B. anthracis vegetative cell-associated proteins that were either not recognized or poorly recognized by sera from animals that received the human vaccine. ... |
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| A Flagellar Pocket Membrane Fraction from Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense: Immunogold Localization and Nonvariant Immunoprotection |
JAN 88 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
John G. Olenick; Ruth Wolff; Robert K. Nauman; John McLaughlin; WALTER REED ARMY INST OF RESEARCH WASHINGTON DC
|
| In contrast to the abundance of detailed information on variant- specific surface coat antigens of African trypanosomes, data on possible common or nonvariant antigens within these protozoa are surprisingly limited. In this study, the cellular localization and protective potential of a previously characterized flagellar pocket membrane (FPM) fraction were determined. Immunogold staining of live trypanosome suspensions at 0 to 4 C by using anti- FPM hyperimmune serum ... |
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| An Investigation of the Memory Response of the Local Immune System to Shigella Antigens |
30 JUN 87 |
|
| Authors:
David F. Keren; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR
|
| The chronically isolated ileal loop model has been established in rabbits as a probe for following the mucosal immune response to enteropathogens and their toxic products. We have studied several modes of immunization and several potential vaccine preparations with this model system. Our emphasis has been to use routes of antigen administration which would be feasible in human immunization attempts. With this model system, we have been able to follow ... |
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| Passive Immunization against Saxitoxin Administered Intravenously or Via the Respiratory Tract |
01 MAY 87 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
D. A. Creasia; Stephen R. Davio; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Saxitoxin, one of the most lethal non-protein toxins known, is produced by dinoflagellates of the genus Gonyaulax. Gonyaulax dinoflagellates can contaminate shellfish, which, when eaten by humans, have been known to cause numbness, paralysis and death due to respiratory arrest. The primary therapy for saxitoxin poisoning in man is artificial respiration; there is no specific antidote accepted. In a previous paper, DAVIO (1985) reported that anti- saxitoxin rabbit serum injected ... |
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| Control of Typhoid Fever in Bangkok, Thailand, by Annual Immunization ofSchoolchildren with Parenteral Typhoid Vaccine |
87 |
|
| Authors:
Ladaporn Bodhidatta; David N. Taylor; Usa Thisyakorn; Peter Echeverria; ARMED FORCES RESEARCH INST OF MEDICAL SCIENCES APO SAN FRANCISCO 96346
|
| The number of cases of typhoid fever in Bangkok, Thailand, began to increase sharply in 1974 and peaked in 1976. In 1977, as part of a national typhoid immunization program, Thai schoolchildren aged seven to 12 years began to receive annually a single 0.25-ml subcutaneous dose (2.5 X 10 to the 8th power organisms) of a heat/phenol-inactivated typhoid vaccine. Isolations of Salmonella typhi in Bangkok decreased from ... |
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| Immunization Requirements |
09 OCT 86 |
|
| Authors:
ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (FORCE MANAGEMENT AND PERSONNEL) WASHINGTON DC
|
|
| Potential for Cross-Reactive Protection Using Peptides and Adjuvants or Carrier Molecules |
07 OCT 86 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Francis A. Ennis; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV MEDICAL SCHOOL WORCESTER DEPT OF MEDICINE
|
| We have reported that an influenza virus-specific polypeptide produced in E.coli induced influenza virus-subtype-specific memory and secondary H-2 restricted CTL responses in mice. The c13 protein is a hybrid protein of the first 81 amino acids of the NS1 viral non-structural protein and the HA2 subunit of the viral hemagglutinin. We now report results which show that target cells exposed to c13 protein are lysed by virus-immune CTL in a ... |
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| Immunization against Infection Using Anti-Idiotype AB |
05 JUN 86 |
|
| Authors:
Ernest D. Marquez; BIOASSAY SYSTEMS CORP WOBURN MA
|
| Immunoglobulin molecules such as IgG recognize an antigenic determinant (epitope) by means of binding sites located in the variable region of the antibody called the antigen-binding site or idiotype. It is possible to produce anti-idiotypic (anti-Id) antibodies that recognize and bind to this site and that in turn contain an internal image of the antigen. These antibodies thus resemble the actual antigen and offer a means of immunizing against specific ... |
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| Oral Vaccine for Immunization against Enteric Disease. |
22 MAY 1986 |
|
| Authors:
Samuel B. Formal; Louis S. Baron; Dennis J. Kopecko; DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY WASHINGTON DC
|
| A living, attenuated, oral vaccine system and method for making oral vaccine strains is described for the immunization against enterically acquired diseases. An oval vaccine strain, according to this invention, is a genetic hybrid derivative of an attenuated galactose epimeraseless strain of S. typhi which carries at least one protective antigen other than normal S. typhi antigens. The oral vaccine can provide protection against typhoid fever and/or at least one ... |
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| Prevention of Influenza and Other Respiratory Diseases - Laboratory Studies |
01 FEB 86 |
|
| Authors:
Gordon Meiklejohn; Theodore C. Eickhoff; COLORADO UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER DENVER
|
| During the winter season of 1983-84, both Influenza A H1N1 and Influenza B were present on the Base. The student population was affected very slightly by either virus. The permanent party had a somewhat higher incidence of Influenza B. Response to vaccination in the fall of 1984: Serum from 120 students vaccinated at the time of induction at Lackland Air Force Base showed excellent response to Influenza A H3N2 and ... |
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| Immunization against Leishmaniasis in Laboratory Animals |
10 JAN 86 |
|
| Authors:
Robert Herman; RUTGERS - THE STATE UNIV NEW BRUNSWICK N J
|
| The present study showed that injection of 10 to the 7th power promastigotes of Leishmania braziliensis panamensis into footpads of C57B1/6J mice and hamsters significantly reduced the parasite burdens of these hosts following L. donovani challenge. In C57B1/6J immunized mice, mean liver parasite burdens were usually 2 to 4 times less than in unimmunized controls. L. b. panamensis was isolated by culture of spleen and politeal lymph nodes draining injected ... |
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| Treatment of Junin Virus-Infected Guinea Pigs with Immune Serum: Development of Late Neurological Disease |
86 |
|
| Authors:
Richard H. Kenyon; David E. Green; Gerald A. Eddy; Clarence J. Peters; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Guinea pigs infected with Argentine hemorrhagic fever (Junin) were treated with pooled, homologous convalescent sera. Use of 15,000 or 5,000 therapeutic units of immune sera prevented all signs of illness when administered within 24 hr of infection. We could also prevent illness and death in infected guinea pigs as late as 6 days after infection if we used more antisera (30,000 therapeutic units/ kg). In some treatment groups, surviving animals ... |
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| Treatment of Junin Virus-Infected Guinea Pigs with Immune Serum. Development of Late Neurological Disease |
86 |
|
| Authors:
Richard H. Kenyon; David E. Green; Gerald A. Eddy; Clarence J. Peters; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Guinea pigs infected with Argentine hemorrhagic fever virus (Junin) were treated with pooled, homologous convalescent sera. Use of 15,000 or 5,000 therapeutic units of immune sera prevented all signs of illness when administered within 24 hr of infection. We could also prevent illness and death in infected guinea pigs as late as 6 days after infection if we used more antisera (30,000 therapeutic units/kg). In some treatment groups, surviving animals ... |
|
| Control of Hepatitus Virus Infections by New Methods |
DEC 85 |
|
| Authors:
Joseph L. Melnick; BAYLOR COLL OF MEDICINE HOUSTON TX
|
| Studies were performed in a young adult population with an HBsAg/adw polypeptide vaccine prepared from native intact HBsAg particles. It was demonstrated that on a weight basis the polypeptide vaccine was superior to Heptavax-B in generating an antiHBs response, indicating that the critical antigenic determinants for inducing an antiHBs response are associated with the low-molecular-weight polypeptides of HBsAg. In addition to the excellent peak antibody response generated by the polypeptide ... |
|
| Molecular Approaches to Selective Immunization |
30 SEP 85 |
|
| Authors:
F. H. Bach; MINNESOTA UNIV MINNEAPOLIS
|
| The sequence polymorphism underlying T lymphocyte recognition as related to the DR alpha beta dimer has been studied using cDNA libraries. DR beta genes form homozygous typing cells expressing the same serologically- defined DR antigen but differing in their Dw subtype, have allowed the pinpointing of single amino acid differences underlying this allotypic variation in some combinations, and two to three amino acid differences in others. (Author) |
|
| Studies to Control Endemic Typhoid Fever in Chile |
SEP 85 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Myron M. Levine; Catterine Ferreccio; MARYLAND UNIV BALTIMORE CENTER FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT
|
| A multi-faceted program of applied research has been undertaken in collaboration with the Ministry of Health of Chile intended to lead to control of endemic typhoid fever in Santiago, Chile. Information derived from these studies is directly applicable to the prevention of typhoid fever in United States military personnel deployed in endemic areas. During the past contract year, activities that were emphasized include: Maintenance of prospective epidemiologic and bacteriologic surveillance ... |
|
| Actions of Interferons on Macrophages |
01 JUN 85 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
E. A. Havell; TRUDEAU INST INC SARANAC LAKE NY
|
| Mice intravenously infected with an immunizing dose of the gram- positive bacterium, Listeria monocytogenes, produced circulating interferon (IFN) during the inductive phase of the anti-Listeria immune response. In addition to inducing IFN, the Listeria also dramatically altered the host's responsiveness to IFN inducing agents. Within 24 hours of infection, mice acquired a 50-fold greater than normal capacity to produce the alpha and/or beta IFN classes (IFN alpha/Beta) following intravenous injection ... |
|
| Infectious Hepatitis in Canadian Forces Personnel |
85 |
|
| Authors:
J. A. Embil; DALHOUSIE UNIV HALIFAX (NOVA SCOTIA)
|
| This study was established to study the prevalence of infectious Hepatitis (Hepatitis A) antibody (anti-HAV) in several groups of CF personnel in order to assist the Surgeon General in assessing the hazard of the disease and to indicate the effectiveness of conventional immune globulin administration for prevention of infection among personnel posted in areas of high risk. In additio;n, itd is expected that a vaccine for Hepatitis A will become ... |
|
| Studies to Control Endemic Typhoid Fever in Chile |
14 JUL 84 |
81 pages |
| Authors:
Myron M. Levine; Robert E. Black; Catterine Lanata; Mary L. Clements; Stephen Sears; MARYLAND UNIV BALTIMORE CENTER FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT
|
| A multi-faceted program of applied research was undertaken to control endemic typhoid fever in Santiago, Chile. These studies included: 1) epidemiologic study to identify risk factors and incriminate specific vehicles involved in transmission of S. typhi; 2) environmental bacteriology studies; 3) simple serologic screening test to identify chronic S. typhi carriers; 4) a simple, practical, non-surgical treatment for chronic S. typhi carriers; and 5) two large-scale trials of Ty21a attenuated ... |
|
| Ultrasensitive Detection of Chemical Substances |
31 JAN 1984 |
|
| Authors:
R. G. Dean; NEW MEXICO UNIV ALBUQUERQUE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| The most important element in our scheme of detection is the ability to produce monoclonal antibodies, particularly to the determinate specific for the complex between the hapten and trapping agent. We have been quite successful in producing monoclonal antibodies. We have now five monoclonal antibodies against AChE-DFP conjugates. Another important element in developing an ultrasensitive assay is to produce signal packets with appropriate fluorescent signal characteristics and the ability to ... |
|
| Immunologic Control of Diarrheal Disease Due to Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli |
JAN 84 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
M. M. Levine; R. E. Black; M. L. Clements; J. B. Kaper; MARYLAND UNIV BALTIMORE CENTER FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT
|
| A long-term program has been undertaken to develop effective immunizing agents to control enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) diarrheal disease. Acute traveler's diarrhea is a major cause of loss of effectiveness in United States Military personnel assigned in less-developed areas and that ETEC are the most frequent etiologic agent of acute travelers' diarrhea. Two separate approaches are being followed to develop vaccines against ETEC. One involves purification of colonization factor antigen ... |
|
| Military Need for Research and Development of a Malaria Vaccine |
03 JUN 1983 |
114 pages |
| Authors:
Kenneth E. Spencer; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| This study examines a military need for research and development of a malaria vaccine from several aspects: (1) the documentation of the incidence of malaria and the resultant noneffectiveness time experienced by American soldiers during two general and two limited wars; (2) an evaluation of past and current antimalarial prevention and control measures to institute during combat operations in endemic areas; (3) a review of the United States interests in ... |
|
| Ultrasensitive Detection of Chemical Substances |
30 MAR 1983 |
|
| Authors:
Roger G. Dean; NEW MEXICO UNIV ALBUQUERQUE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| Studies are being conducted on hybridoma and monoclonal antibody development. Work is summarized for the following tasks: Preparation/ purification of hapten carriers; Formation of hapten carrier adducts; Production of hybridoma cell lines; Production selection and characterization of monoclonal antibodies with specificity for trapped target molecules; Fabrication of solid supports with bound trapping moiety, Production of fluorescent loaded antibody signal packets; and Initial evaluation of concept feasibility. |
|
| Controlled Release of Antigens for One Dose Immunization |
83 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
John E. Van Hamont; ARMY INST OF DENTAL RESEARCH WASHINGTON DC
|
| The main objective of this study was to develop a biodegradable, controlled-release adjuvant system capable of eliminating the need for multistep vaccination schedules. This investigation was designed to: determine in an animal model hepatitis B vaccine release rate characteristics desirable for single-step immunization, incorporate those release rate characteristics into a one-step biodegradable poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (DL-PLG) microencapsulated hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) vaccine, and conduct an in vivo trial comparing the effectiveness ... |
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| Immunological Interrelationships of Coliform Heat-Labile and Heat-Stable Enterotoxins |
SEP 1981 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Frederick A. Klipstein; ROCHESTER UNIV NY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY
|
| Investigations conducted during the four period (1977 to 1981) of support by the USAMRDC have accomplished the following. (1) The enterotoxigenicity of certain coliform species which contaminate the small bowel in different diarrheal disorders has been established. (2) Immunization regimens have been developed which provide protection against enterotoxigenic strains of E. coli in experimental animals. (Author) |
|
| Immunological Interrelationships of Coliform Heat-Labile and Heat-Stable Enterotoxins |
JAN 1981 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Frederick A. Klipstein; ROCHESTER UNIV NY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY
|
| The goal of these studies is the development of an immunization program to prevent acute diarrheal disease due to intestinal contamination of enterotoxigeneic strains of Escherichia coli. We have demonstrated (a) that the holotoxin is the most immunogenic form of the E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin, (b) that immunization with this material protects rats against challenge with heterologous serotypes of E. coli, and (c) that the degree of protection is influenced ... |
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| Isolation and Characterization of Plasmodial and Babesial Antigens. |
20 MAY 1980 |
|
| Authors:
Julius P. Kreier; OHIO STATE UNIV RESEARCH FOUNDATION COLUMBUS
|
| The continuous flow sonic system developed in this laboratory and various other methods for freeing malaria parasites from their host erythrocytes were evaluated from the standpoint of the morphological integrity of the freed parasites and the utility of the freed parasites as sources of antigen for immune and serological tests. Our attempts to identify which antigens are protective by immunization have demonstrated that a soluble component of Plasmodium berghei is ... |
|
| Immunologic Interrelationships of Coliform Heat-Labile and Heat-Stable Enterotoxins |
15 JAN 1980 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Frederick A. Klipstein; ROCHESTER UNIV NY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY
|
| The goal of these studies is the development of an immunization program to prevent diarrheal disease due to intestinal contamination by enterotoxigenic strains of coliform bacteria. We have found that immunization with the polymyxin-release form of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin by means of a parenteral prime followed by peroral boosts yields the combination of maximum immediate and extended protection and demonstrated that this immunization regimen is totally protective when gnotobiotic ... |
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| Effects of Long-Term Immunization with Multiple Antigens. |
JAN 1980 |
|
| Authors:
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES-NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL WASHINGTON DC
|
| A study of the literature on the long-term effects of multiple immunization over a prolonged period. Except for a small (approximately 99 persons) follow-up of Fort Detrick personnel, studies were not directly pertinent to the question. Recommendations are made for newer screening studies which might be undertaken on larger groups to resolve this question. (Author) |
|
| Immunologic Interrelationships of Coliform Heat-Labile and Heat-Stable Enterotoxins |
15 JAN 1979 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Frederick A. Klipstein; ROCHESTER UNIV NY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY
|
| The goal of these studies is the development of an immunization program to prevent diarrheal disease due to intestinal contamination by enterotoxigenic strains of coliform bacteria. We have demonstrated that (a) active immunization with a purified preparation of the polymyxin release form of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin yields protection against strains of this bacteria which produce this form of toxin; (b) the use of cimetidine renders the peroral route of ... |
|
| Human-Derived Immune Globulins for the Treatment of Botulism, |
1979 |
|
| Authors:
Joseph F. Metzger ; George E. Lewis Jr; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FREDERICK MD
|
|
| Immunologic Protection Against the Legionnaires' Disease Bacterium in the AKR/J Mouse, |
15 NOV 1978 |
|
| Authors:
Kenneth W. Hedlund; Virginia G. McGann; Diana S. Copeland; Stephen F. Little; Richard G. Allen ; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FREDERICK MD
|
|
| Antibody Formation and Release in Ileal Loops Exposed to Enterotoxin. |
NOV 1977 |
|
| Authors:
John H. Yardley; David F. Keren; Stanley R. Hamilton; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD
|
| Formation of local antibody to cholera toxin (CT) was studied in fluid from Thiry-Vella intestinal loops in rabbits. IgA anti-CT production was maximal in the fluid when only intraloop (i.l.) immunization was used, and was minimal after subcutaneous (s.c.) immunization alone. Combined i.l. and s.c. routes led to intermediate production of IgA anti-CT in the fluid, suggesting suppression of local immune response to CT by the s.c. inoculations. The IgA ... |
|
| Comparative Characteristics of Productiveness of Various Methods of Plague Immunization, |
23 MAY 1977 |
|
| Authors:
V. I. Agafonov; Ye. I. Babkin; D. G. Vdovin; V. M. Vorobeichikov; A. A. Vorobiyer; FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY DIV WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OHIO
|
| The peroral, aerosol, and needleless methods which were tested with mass vaccination against plague showed much higher (by 10-15 times) productiveness in comparison with the classic subcutaneous and skin methods. Considering the absence of any advantages (reactivity, immunogenicity) of the subcutaneous and skin methods in comparison with mass methods of inoculations, we can recommend the latter (peroral, aerosol, needleless) for introduction into the anti-epidemic practice of the struggle against plague ... |
|
| Immunology of Malaria. |
12 DEC 1976 |
|
| Authors:
Karl H. Rieckmann; RUSH-PRESBYTERIAN-ST LUKE'S MEDICAL CHICAGO ILL
|
| Clinical investigations were conducted to determine whether non-immune persons can be immunized against vivax or falciparum malaria after exposure to X-irradiated sporozoites of Plasmodium vivax or Plasmodium falciparum. Batches of Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes were infected with malaria and, 12 to 18 days later, they were irradiated with X-rays until they had received a dose of at least 12 Krads. The findings indicate that protection against malaria can be obtained by ... |
|
| Persistence in Humans of Antibody to Subtypes of Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis (VEE) Virus after Immunization with Attenuated (TC-83) VEE Virus Vaccine, |
20 SEP 1976 |
|
| Authors:
Donald S. Burke; Helen H. Ramsburg; Robert Edelman; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FREDERICK MD
|
|
| Effective Smallpox Immunization of Young Adults. |
JUL 1976 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Abram S. Benenson; Irving A. Phillips; KENTUCKY UNIV LEXINGTON DEPT OF COMMUNITY MEDICINE
|
| The study defines the adverse reactions associated with primary immunization of young adults, their frequency and resulting morbidity, develops effective immunizing techniques associated with minimal morbidity, and develops diagnostic techniques permitting rapid recognition of smallpox. |
|
| Acquired Resistance in Skin against Schistosoma Infection by Active Immunization. |
31 DEC 1975 |
|
| Authors:
S. Y. Li Hsu ; IOWA UNIV IOWA CITY DEPT OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
|
| The present work was concentrated upon revealing the mechanism of immunity to schistosome infection by histopathological, immunohistochemical, and in vitro experimental methods. These studies were made on the skin-acquired resistance of rhesus monkeys induced by active immunization with highly X-irradiated cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum and S. mansoni. The results indicate that cell-mediated immunity is the initiator of the immune mechanism, that T-cells produce eosinophil chemotactic lymphokine to attract eosinophils which ... |
|
| Immunological Studies on Herion Addiction. |
OCT 1975 |
|
| Authors:
Chi-Tan Liu; Frank L. Adler; PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH INST OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK INC
|
| Hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) procedures for the detection of morphine, methadone and barbiturates have been devised, developed and validated to the point of their adoption by diagnostic laboratories, and the necessary reagents have become available through commercial sources. The HI test for the detection of the major cocaine metabolites suffers from interference by unidentified substances found in some human urine specimens. After appropriate adjustment for this interference the test detects cocaine metabolites ... |
|
| Studies on African Trypanosomiasis. |
30 SEP 1975 |
|
| Authors:
I. E. Muriithi; D. E. Wykoff; R. M. Kovatch; B. T. Wellde; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH UNIT (KENYA)
|
| Isolates of T. rhodesiense were collected from patients in Lambwe Valley, South Nyanza, Western Kenya. Parasites of the T. brucei group were also collected from cattle in the same area. When these parasites were tested by neutralization with antisera collected from bovines which had undergone long term infections with various isolates, 12 of 16 T. rhodesiense isolates reacted with the same antiserum indicating antigenic similarities which has persisted for at ... |
|
| Sequential Immunization of Spider Monkeys with Three Group B Arboviruses: Yellow Fever, Langat, and Dengue-2. |
JUN 1975 |
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| Authors:
Jordi Casals-Ariet; YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CONN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
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| Spider monkeys were sequentially vaccinated with yellow fever, Langat and dengue type 2 attenuated viruses; three months later they and control monkeys which had been inoculated with the vaccine substrates but no virus were subcutaneously challenged with dengue type 4. Five vaccinated and 5 control monkeys were challenged with a small dose; 6 vaccinated and 5 control animals were given a large dose. As anticipated none of the animals developed ... |
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