| Evaluation of Volatile Organic Compound Emission from the Preparation and Application of BoeGel-EP-II |
2002 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
M. V. Henley; R. M. Weber; S. E. Wyatt; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB TYNDALL AFB FL MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
|
 | Efforts to reduce ground-level ozone production resulting from Department of Defense (DoD) operations often involve the substitution of materials with lower volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations. VOCs are known to react in the atmosphere and lead to the production of ozone, a regulated pollutant. However, the amount of ozone produced varies with each individual VOC and with the concentration of nitric oxides (NOx) present in the airshed. To better assess ... |
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| A Delicate Balance: Protecting the Environment and Strengthening Trade Through Controlling Aircraft Noise and Emissions |
31 AUG 2001 |
97 pages |
| Authors:
Linda L. Richardson; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| International trade and environmental law present a difficult and delicate balance for the commercial airline industry. The weight of real-world trade and environmental issues constantly shift the balance in opposing regulatory and normative directions. For instance, the environmental realities of running an airport, ranging from noise control and air emissions to less publicized issues of chemical runoff and waste disposal, foment anti-airport sentiment in the public and impose significant fiscal ... |
|
| Evaluation of Advanced Petroleum-Based Fuels |
AUG 2001 |
130 pages |
| Authors:
W. E. Likos; SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INST SAN ANTONIO TX TARDEC FUELS AND LUBRICANTS RESEARCH FACILITY
|
| The U.S. Department of Energy with the cooperation of DaimlerChrysler undertook a series of evaluations of diesel fuel formulation alternatives using the newly released Daimler-Benz OM 611 diesel engine as a surrogate for an advanced diesel engine as identified by Partnership for the Next Generation of Vehicles (PNGV) program. The first phase completed in 1998 (SAE 2000-01-2048) evaluated exhaust emissions and fuel economy benefits of several alternative diesel fuels without ... |
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| Electromagnetic Emissions from an Engineering Model BHT-200 Thruster |
JUL 2001 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
E. J. Beiting; J. E. Pollard; B. Pote; AEROSPACE CORP EL SEGUNDO CA TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS
|
| Radiated electric fields were measured from a BHT-200 Hall thruster from 10 kHz to 18 GHz following MIL-STD 461E (RE102) specifications. The thruster, operated by a laboratory power supply, was located in a fiberglass vacuum tank that was enclosed in a shielded semi-anechoic room. The measurements were made for discharge potentials of 225, 250, 275, and 300 volts and anode flow rates of 0.80 0.90, 0.94, and 1.0 mg/s (150-240 ... |
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| Training Munitions Health Risk Assessment NO. 39-EJ-1485-00 Residential Exposure from Inhalation of Air Emissions from the M918 40-MM Practice Cartridge or the M781 40-MM Practice Cartridge Department of Defense Identification Codes: B584 and B519 |
15 JUN 2001 |
92 pages |
| Authors:
Hsieng-Ye Chang; Stafford D. Coakley; Joleen Mobley; ARMY CENTER FOR HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH ENGINE
|
| This assessment evaluated the potential for human health effects to offsite residents breathing air emissions following use of the 40 mm Practice Cartridges. Ibis document present the evaluation of the potential for adverse human health effects to the offsite residents breathing air emissions following the use of military firing ranges during training exercises. Study results showed no potential for health risks to the hypothetical resident from inhalation of air emissions ... |
|
| Active Control of Combustion Instabilities in Gas Turbine Engines for Low Emissions. Part II: Adaptive Control Algorithm Development, Demonstration and Performance Limitations |
JUN 2001 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Andrzej Banaszuk; Youping Zhang; Clas A. Jacobson; UNITED TECHNOLOGIES RESEARCH CENTER EAST HARTFORD CT
|
| We present results of experiment with two distinct extremum-seeking adaptive algorithms for control of combustion instability suitable for reduction of acoustic pressure oscillations in gas turbine over large range of operating conditions. The algorithms consists of a frequency tracking Extended Kalman Filter to determine the in-phase component, the quadrature component, and the magnitude of the acoustic mode of interest, and a phase shifting controller with the controller phase tuned using ... |
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| Performance Enhancement of Gas-Turbine Combustor by Active Control of Fuel Injection and Mixing Process - Theory and Practice |
JUN 2001 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Christian O. Pascherelt; Ephraim Gutmark; Bruno Schuermans; CINCINNATI UNIV OH DEPT OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING MECHANICS
|
| Unstable thermoacoustic modes were investigated and controlled in an experimental low-emission swirl stabilized combustor, in which the acoustic boundary conditions were modified to obtain combustion instability. Axisymmetric and helical unstable modes wore identified for fully premixed combustion These unstable modes were associated with flow instabilities related to the recirculation region on the combustor axis and shear layer in- stabilities at the sudden expansion (dump plane). The combustion structure associated with ... |
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| Active Optimisation of the Performance of a Gas Turbine Combustor |
JUN 2001 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
M. M. Miyassato; V. G. McDOnell; G. S. Samuelsenx; CALIFORNIA UNIV IRVINE COMBUSTION LAB
|
| The increasingly stringent regulation of gas turbine exhaust emissions, combined with the need to reduce overall cost of operation is requiring advancements to be made in the combustion system. In particular the ability of these systems to attain both low emissions and high efficiency over increasingly longer periods of operation in order to reduce maintenance costs, is requiring new thinking with respect to the system control strategies. This new thinking ... |
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| An Experimental Examination of the Relationship between Chemiluminescent Light Emissions and Heat-release Rate Under Non-Adiabatic Conditions |
JUN 2001 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
L. C. Haber; U. Vandsburger; W. R. Saunders; V. K. Khanna; VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND STATE UNIV BLACKSBURG DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| Combustion instability research has matured over the last decade and with it the need for more detailed diagnostics has increased. One main gap in the diagnostics is the ability to obtain a reliable quantitative measure of unsteady heat-release rate. In an effort to move in this direction using chemiluminescence as the measured quantity, this paper examines the formation of chemiluminescence light in premixed flames under non-adiabatic conditions. The main chemiluminescence ... |
|
| Simulating Wet Deposition of Radiocesium from the Chernobyl Accident |
MAR 2001 |
124 pages |
| Authors:
Aaron M. Kinser; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| In response to the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident of 1986, a cesium-137 deposition dataset was assembled. Most of the airborne Chernobyl cesium was wet deposited, either via interception by falling raindrops or via absorption into cloud droplets destined to become raindrops. The Hybrid Single- Particle Lagrangian rated Transport (HYSPLIT) model, developed at Air Resources Laboratory, is used to simulate the transport and deposition of Chernobyl cesium-137. A cloud base ... |
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| Modeling of Pem Fuel Cell Systems Including Controls and Reforming Effects for Hybrid Automotive Applications |
2001 |
262 pages |
| Authors:
Daisie D. Boettner; OHIO STATE UNIV COLUMBUS
|
| Due to the nature of fuel cell reactions, fuel cells have the potential of being more fuel efficient while generating fewer harmful emissions than conventional automotive power systems. Additionally, by hybridizing a fuel cell system with a battery, opportunities may exist for significantly improving overall performance. This study develops models for a stand-alone Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack, a direct-hydrogen fuel cell system including auxiliaries, and a methanol ... |
|
| Charge Traps and Emission Kinetics in LuAP:Ce |
2001 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
J. Glodo; A. J. Wojtowicz; NICHOLAS COPERNICUS UNIV OF TORUN (POLAND) INST OF PHYSICS
|
| In this contribution we demonstrate the influence of shallow charge traps on emission kinetics of LuAlO3:Ce(3+) (LuAP:Ce) scintillator. Shallow traps through their interference with the recombination process not only introduce into the emission time profiles long components (afterglow) but also can change the rising and decaying parts of time profiles. The lifetime of excited Ce(3+) ion in LuAP crystal is ^ 18 ns, while the excitation at 78 nm leads ... |
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| 1999 Air Emissions Inventory for Malstrom Air Force Base, Montana |
OCT 2000 |
457 pages |
| Authors:
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT CINNCINATI OH
|
| Contractor conducted a comprehensive air emissions inventory (AEI) for calendar year 1999 at Malstrom AFB, MT. The intent was to provide a representative emission estimate. Actual and potential emissions were estimated for regulated pollutants. Emissions for each source were determined using the guidance provided in "Air Emissions Inventory Guidance Document for Stationary Sources at Air Force Installations", May 1999. AEI indicates that potential emissions from stationary sources exceed the major ... |
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| Radio Continuum Emission from the Central Stars of M20, and the Detection of a New Supernova Remnant Near M20 |
10 SEP 2000 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
F. Yusef-Zadeh; Mark Shure; Mark Wardle; N. Kassim; NORTHWESTERN UNIV EVANSTON IL DEPT OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY
|
| The Trifid Nebula (M20) is a well-known prominent optical H II region trisected by obscuring dust lanes. Radio continuum VLA observations of this nebula show free-free emission at wavelength = 3.6 and 6 cm from three stellar sources lying close to the O7 V star at the center of the nebula. We argue that neutral material associated with these stars is photoionized externally by the UV radiation from the hot ... |
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| Pyrotechnics Health Risk Assessment NO. 39-EJ-1485-00 Residential Exposure from Inhalation of Air Emissions from the M18 Yellow-Colored Smoke Grenade |
05 SEP 2000 |
70 pages |
| Authors:
Joleen Mobley; Stafford D. Coakley; ARMY CENTER FOR HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH ENGINE
|
| This assessment evaluated the potential for human health effects to offsite residents breathing air emissions following use of the M19 Yellow- Colored Smoke Grenade. This document present the evaluation of the potential for adverse human health effects to the offsite residents breathing air emissions following the use of military firing ranges during training exercises. Study results showed no protential for health risks to the hypothetical resident from inhalation of air ... |
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| Pyrotechnics Health Risk Assessment NO. 39-EJ-1485-00 Residential Exposure from Inhalation of Air Emissions from the M18 Green-Colored Smoke Grenade |
04 SEP 2000 |
70 pages |
| Authors:
Joleen Mobley; Stafford D. Coakley; ARMY CENTER FOR HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE (PROVISIONAL) ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| This assessment evaluated the potential for human health effects to offsite residents breathing air emissions following use of the M19 Green-Colored Smoke Grenade. This document present the evaluation of the potential for adverse human health effects to the offsite residents breathing air emissions following the use of military firing ranges during training exercises. Study results showed no protential for health risks to the hypothetical resident from inhalation of air emissions ... |
|
| Neutron Emission Experiment on the Megajoule Plasma-Focus Facility Operated at the IPPLM |
24 AUG 2000 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Marek Scholz; INSTITUTE OF PLASMA PHYSICS AND LASER MICROFUSION WARSAW (POLAND) LASER PRODUCED PLASMA PHYSICS DEPT
|
| This report results from a contract tasking Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion as follows: The contractor will optimize the PF- 1000 Megajoule Plasma-Focus machine. Objectives are achievement of a maximum neutron yield for stored energy of 200-800 kJ and determination if and where the neutron yield saturates. He will also determine neutron emission characteristics and investigate the relation between the neutron yield and plasma sheath dynamics and plasma ... |
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| Residential Exposure from Inhalation of Air Emissions from the M126A1 Red Star Parachute Signal Flare, Department of Defense Identification Code: L311 |
19 JUN 2000 |
83 pages |
| Authors:
Joleen Mobley; Stafford D. Coakley; Jeffrey S. Grow; ARMY CENTER FOR HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH ENGINE
|
| This assessment evaluated the potential for human health effects to offsite residents breathing air emissions following use of the M126A1 Red Star Parachute Signal Flare during training exercises. The military uses pyrotechnics for signaling, obscuring, and illumination during training exercises to simulate battle conditions. Study results showed no protential for health risks to the hypothetical resident from inhalation of air emissions from the Ml26Al. To conduct this study, air emissions ... |
|
| Dredging Research. Volume 3, Number 2, June 2000. Measurement and Prediction of Volatile Emissions from Contamination Sediments in Confined Disposal Facilities |
JUN 2000 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Cynthia Price; ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER
|
| This bulletin is published in accordance with AR 25-30 as an information dissemination function of the Environmental Laboratory of the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center. The publication is part of the technology transfer mission of the Dredging Operations Technical Support (DOT program and includes information about various dredging research areas. Special emphasis will be placed on articles relating to application of research results ... |
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| Technology Demontration of Qualified Vehicle Modifier (QVM) Compressed Natural Gas and Gasoline Fueled Ford F-15O Series Bifuel Prep Vehicles at Ft Bliss, Texas |
MAY 2000 |
131 pages |
| Authors:
Ruben A. Alvarez; Douglas M. Yost; SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INST SAN ANTONIO TXTARDEC FUELS AND LUBRICANTS RESEARCH FACILITY
|
| A technology demonstration of Ford F-150 series bifuel COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) or gasoline Qualified Vehicle Modifier (QVM) vehicles was conducted at Ft. Bliss, Texas. The demonstration program at Ft. Bliss was a continuation of the initial fleet of General Motors dedicated CNG 1992 pickup trucks, which was prematurety hatted due to CNG cylinder failures at locations other than Ft. Bliss. This Department of Energy ... |
|
| Upper Limits on the Continuum Emission from Geminga at 74 and 326 MHz |
20 DEC 1999 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Namir E. Kassim; T. J. Lazio; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC REMOTE SENSING DIV
|
| We report a search for radio continuum emission from the gamma-ray pulsar Geminga. We have used the VLA to image the location of the optical counterpart of Geminga at 74 and 326 MHz. We detect no radio counterpart. We derive upper limits to the pulse-averaged flux density of Geminga, taking diffractive scintillation into account. We find that diffractive scintillation is probably quenched at 74 MHz and does not influence our ... |
|
| Particulate Emission Factors for Blasting Operations and Other Potential Sources |
18 SEP 1999 |
90 pages |
| Authors:
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION NORFOLK VA ATLANTIC MARINE CENTER
|
| This project examined the potential sources of particulate matter in various size ranges that are potentially generated from common shipyard processes and operations. An investigation was conducted to determine which shipyard sources would most likely generate particulate matter in both the course (10 microns in diameter) and fine (2.5 microns in diameter) size range. Based upon this investigation, a matrix was developed indicating whether a process was a known, possible, ... |
|
| Fuel Consumption and Exhaust Emissions From a Heavy-Duty Hybrid Bus |
JUL 1999 |
77 pages |
| Authors:
Steven G. Fritz; E. A. Bass; J. Steiber; Angela Tobin; SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INST SAN ANTONIO TXTARDEC FUELS AND LUBRICANTS RESEARCH FACILITY
|
| The introduction of prototype heavy-duty hybrid vehicles introduces a number of challenges in assessing emissions performance compared to conventionally powered diesel or gasoline-fueled, heavy-duty vehicles. Difficulty is encountered because the engine may be operated on an intermittent basis (as a function of load or state of charge of the energy storage system) and in a narrow speed/load range. An engine test alone would not characterize the hybrid vehicle's emissions or ... |
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| Characterization of Emissions from Heaters Burning Leaded Diesel Fuel inUnvented Tents |
JUN 1999 |
74 pages |
| Authors:
Yung-Sung Cheng; LOVELACE BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INST ALBUQUERQUE NM
|
| The human exposure to aerosols from unvented heaters in tents was simulated, so that the contribution of this exposure to the Gulf War Syndrome could be estimated. Exposures to particulate matter and combustion gases (CO, NO, and SO2) were estimated with three types of portable kerosene heaters and three fuels. The airborne concentration was also monitored continuously with a real-time monitor. The aerodynamic particle size ... |
|
| Air Emissions Inventory Guidance Document for Stationary Sources at Air Force Installations |
MAY 1999 |
307 pages |
| Authors:
Robert J. O'Brien; Kyle W. Blasch; Grant T. Johnson; INSTITUTE FOR ENVIRONMENT SAFETY AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH RISK ANALYSIS BROOKSAFB TX RISK ANALYSIS DIRECTORA
|
| This report serves as a guidance document for the preparation of stationary source air emissions inventories at U.S. Air Force installations. Air emissions inventories are prepared at Air Force installations to comply with Federal, State, and local air quality regulatory requirements. Inventories are also used in the implementation of various environmental programs, including pollution prevention opportunities, emissions trading, risk assessments, and environmental auditing. In the past, inventories have been prepared ... |
|
| Measurements of the Progress-M Main Engine Retrofiring Plume at Orbital Conditions. AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting (37th) and Exhibit Held in Reno, NV on January 11-14, 1999 |
14 JAN 1999 |
|
| Authors:
G. F. Karabadzhak; Yu. Plastinin; A. Afanasiev; E. Szhenov; J. A. Drakes; AMERICAN INST OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS NEW YORK
|
 | An experiment set has been performed using the Progress-M spacecraft and a set of dedicated and non-dedicated maneuvers in the vicinity of the Mir space station. The purpose of the experiment was to acquire ultraviolet data from the far-field glow of rocket exhaust plumes at very high altitudes. Ultraviolet imagery of the Progress main engine was acquired using a camera with a response function that peaked ... |
|
| J-Aggregation and Excimer Emission of Anisotropic Solutions and Solid Films of a Liquid Crystalline Conjugated Polymer |
11 JAN 1999 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Samson A. Jenekhe; Xuejun Zhang; Shujian Yi; ROCHESTER UNIV NY DEPT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
|
| Novel features in the absorption and emission processes in liquid crystalline solutions and solvent-cast, self-ordered solid films of a luminescent conjugated polymer are reported. Dominant excimer emission with a minor blue edge aggregate emission were observed in isotropic solid films spin coated from isotropic solutions of polyquinoline 2. New, strongly red shifted, absorption and excitation bands observed in concentrated solutions exhibiting Smectic C like mesophase evidenced J-aggregation but the emission ... |
|
| Removal and Recovery of Organic Vapor Emissions by Fixed-Bed Activated Carbon Fiber Adsorber-Cryogenic Condenser |
DEC 1998 |
|
| Authors:
K. J. Hay; Mark J. Rood; Shaoying Qi; Mehrdad Lordgooei; Chloe S. Reece; CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL
|
| Abatement of toxic volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) emitted to the atmosphere has become a concern because of the magnitude of the emissions and their potential health effects to humans and deleterious effects to the environment. New control technologies are being developed to separate and remove those toxic compounds from gas streams for reuse of the TVOCs in the process that generated them. This project evaluated the ability of an activated ... |
|
| Engine Gaseous, Aerosol Precursor and Particulate at Simulated Flight Altitude Conditions |
OCT 1998 |
176 pages |
| Authors:
C. C. Wey; NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION CLEVELAND OH LEWIS RESEARCH CENTER
|
| The overall objective of the NASA Atmospheric Effects of Aviation Project (AEAP) is to develop scientific bases for assessing atmospheric impacts of the exhaust emissions by both current and future fleets of subsonic and supersonic aircraft. Among the six primary elements of the AEAP is Emissions Characterization. The objective of the Emission Characterization effort is to determine the exhaust emission constituents and concentrations at the ... |
|
| Infrared Emissions Modeling. Part 1 |
SEP 1998 |
244 pages |
| Authors:
B. D. Green; W. T. Rawlins; L. G. Piper; G. E. Caledonia; M. E. Fraser; PHYSICAL SCIENCES INC ANDOVER MA
|
| This report summarizes a multi-year program to analyze upper atmospheric radiance data to deduce product distributions, extract the operative kinetic mechanisms, and quantitatively determine local conditions in the emission volume. Spectral and kinetic models were used to analyze emissions from several molecules including NO, NO+, ozone, and excited nitrogen. Radiances rom the mesosphere both under equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions were analyzed. The radiance changes produced by ... |
|
| Infrared Emissions Modeling. Part 2 |
SEP 1998 |
207 pages |
| Authors:
B. D. Green; W. T. Rawlins; L. G. Piper; G. E. Caledonia; M. E. Fraser; PHYSICAL SCIENCES INC ANDOVER MA
|
| This report summarizes a multi-year program to analyze upper atmospheric radiance data to deduce product distributions, extract the operative kinetic mechanisms, and quantitatively determine local conditions in the emission volume. Spectral and kinetic models were used to analyze emissions from several molecules including NO, NO +, ozone, and excited nitrogen. Radiances rom the mesosphere both under equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions were analyzed. The radiance changes produced by ... |
|
| Development of Venturi/Vortex Scrubber Technology for Controlling Chromium Electroplating Hazardous Air Emissions |
JUL 1998 |
58 pages |
| Authors:
K. J. Hay; Shaoying Qi; Jearldine I. Northrup; Steven R. Heck; CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL
|
| Chromium has a combination of qualities that give chromium electroplating an important role in coating military hardware and armament. However, chromium electroplating and chromium anodizing operations create hazardous air pollutants in the form of hexavalent chromium. Conventional technologies for controlling this pollutant are expensive, noisy, and use a lot of energy and water. Consequently, an air pollution problem is turned into a water ... |
|
| Factors Affecting the Relative Success of EPA's NOx CAP-and-Trade Program |
JUN 1998 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE (U S CONGRESS) WASHINGTON DC
|
| The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has proposed a rule that requires 22 eastern states and the District of Columbia to reduce their emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx), the principal component of smog. The aim of that rule--sometimes referred to as the Ozone Transport Rule-is to help areas meet the Clean Air Act's National Ambient Air Quality Standard for ground-level ozone in a cost-effective way. Wind patterns frequently carry ozone and ... |
|
| Communications and Information: Emission Security |
01 MAY 1998 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
SECRETARY OF THE AIR FORCE WASHINGTON DC
|
| The Air Force EMSEC process has experienced many changes. Although these changes were attempts to meet the variances of a dynamic world, they require security protection measures far beyond the needs of the average user. In the past, EMSEC tended to stand alone; however, IP now requires a more balanced approach not only to the control of compromising emanations, NONSTOP, and HIJACK, but to communications security (COMSEC); COMPUSEC; and SATE ... |
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| DI Diesel Performance and Emissions Model |
31 MAR 1998 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
A. M. Mellor; W. L. Easley; J. P. Mello; M. A. Psota; VANDERBILT UNIV NASHVILLE TN
|
| Based on findings indicating that both the Zeldovich and N2O mechanisms are important in the formation and decomposition of NO in direct injection (DI) Diesel engines a skeletal mechanism consisting of seven elementary reactions is used to develop a two-zone model for NO(x) emissions from DI Diesel engines. Characteristic chemical kinetic times for NO formation in zone 1 and NO decomposition in zone 2 are formulated from the law of ... |
|
| Exciplex Emission from Bilayers of Poly (vinyl carbazole) and Pyridine- Based Conjugated Polymers |
06 FEB 98 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
D. D. Gebler; Y. Z. Wang; D. K. Fu; T. M. Swager; A. J. Epstein; OHIO STATE UNIV COLUMBUS DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| We present photoluminescence and electroluminescence studies of bilayers and blends formed from poly (vinyl carbazole) (PVK) and poly (pyridyl vinylene phenylene vinylene) (PPyVPV copolymer derivatives. Bilayers of PVK and the PPyVPV) copolymers have a photoluminescence emission which cannot be assigned to either the photoluminescence of PVK or the PPyVPV layer. The blends of the two polymers show a similar new photoluminescence emission for a large range of concentrations. Absorption and ... |
|
| Third and Seventh Harmonic Free Electron Laser Coherent Millimeter Radiation, and Studies of Short-Pulse Emission from FEL |
DEC 97 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
T. C. Marshall; COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK DEPT OF APPLIEDPHYSICS
|
| Two and one-half years research at the Columbia Free Electron Laser facility are are are summarized with an introductory overview followed by a selection of key reprints. Topics include: Short pulse high power millimeter emission using the Cerenkov effect in a dielectric-loaded waveguide, and coherent phase-reference harmonic radiation from a waveguide FEL. The latter is an experimental demonstration, while the first two topics are theoretical studies. |
|
| Spatially and Temporally Resolved Emission from Aggregates in Conjugated Polymers |
20 SEP 97 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
J. W. Blatchford; T. L. Gustafson; A. J. Epstein; D. A. Vanden Bout; J. Kerimo; OHIO STATE UNIV COLUMBUS DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| We present results of ew, time-resolved and spatially resolved spectroscopic studies of emission and absorption in a model conjugated polymer, poly (p-pyridyl vinylene) (PPyV). The redshifted film spectra suggest the formation of aggregated regions. The approx. 4x reduction in emission efficiency in films vs. solution is attributed to a longer radiative lifetime for aggregate excitons, as is evidenced by time-resolved fluorescence measurements. We present the first direct optical imaging of ... |
|
| Final Summary Report on Project 3310 Marine Diesel Exhaust Emissions (Alternative Fuels) |
SEP 1997 |
106 pages |
| Authors:
Alan P. Bentz; JBL ASSOCIATES INC GROTON CT
|
| This report summarizes the results of a 5-year study to ascertain the magnitude of emission problems from Coast Guard and commercial vessels; to develop methodology applicable for use on small vessels by using portable emission analyzers, and to examine various potential means of reducing excessive emissions. During this project, the Coast Guard R&D Center tested eight vessels (of six types); and the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center ... |
|
| Reciprocity Method for Obtaining the Far Fields Generated by a Source Inside or Near a Microparticle |
SEP 97 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Steven C. Hill; Gorden Videen; J. D. Pendleton; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD
|
| We show that the far fields generated by a source inside or near a microparticle can be obtained readily by using the reciprocity theorem along with the internal or near fields generated by plane wave illumination. The method is useful for solving problems for which the scattered fields generated with plane wave illumination have already been obtained. We illustrate the method for the case of a homogeneous sphere, and then ... |
|
| Characterization of Emissions from Heaters Burning Leaded Diesel Fuel in Unvented Tents |
JUL 97 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Yung-Sung Cheng; LOVELACE BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INST ALBUQUERQUE NM
|
| During and after the Persian Gulf War, a proportion of returned American service personnel was diagnosed as having a "mystery illness" or "Gulf War Syndrome." Only limited information is available to study possible links between environmental exposures and the Gulf War Syndrome. The purpose of this protocol is to conduct a study that simulates human exposure to aerosols produced by unvented heaters in tents used in the Persian Gulf, so ... |
|
| The Reduction of NOx Emissions from Marine Power Plants |
JUN 1997 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Herman B. Urbach; Donald T. Knauss; Balfour L. Wallace; John H. Wasser; Michael R. Sexton; NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER ANNAPOLIS MD
|
| The EPA has proposed a 9.2 g/kWh NOx limit for maritime diesel engines. Gas turbines, which are always cleaner burning, have escaped maritime NOx mandates at this time. However, in Europe, increasingly stricter exhaust emission limits for shipboard turbines near high-pollution ports undergo periodic review. Anticipating these proposed mandates, the Navy has been directed by OPNAVINST 5090 1A to comply therewith. EPA studies show that two- cycle marine diesel configurations ... |
|
| Controlling Combustion-Source Emissions at Air Force Sites. Phase 2 |
JUN 1997 |
110 pages |
| Authors:
S. G. Nelson; R. A. Babyak; B. C. Cianciolo; SORBENT TECHNOLOGIES TWINSBURG OH
|
| This report describes the development and demonstration of several new technologies for controlling air pollutants, particularly nitrogen oxides (NOX) and small particulates. It provides the results of a project undertaken to investigate potential NOx problems at military sites and to develop potential solutions. Work on the project was performed primarily at McClellan AFB in California and at Sorbent Technologies' facilities in Ohio. The research work involved gas-cleaning approaches and centered ... |
|
| Development of Biotrickling Filters to Treat Sulfur and VOC Emissions. Phase II |
29 MAY 97 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
ENVIROGEN INC LAWRENCEVILLE NJ
|
| The Phase II project was initiated on September 30, 1996. The goal of this SBIR project is to develop a cost-effective, efficient biological treatment system, a biotrickiing filter, to treat air emissions of significance to the Navy. These emissions include odors from oily bilge holding tanks, and point sources of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) such as paint spray booths. Biotrickling filters are similar to scrubbers, but rely on microorganisms on ... |
|
| Final Technical Report on Investigation of Selective Non-Catalytic Processes for In-Situ Reduction of NOx and CO Emissions from Marine Gas Turbines and Diesel Engines |
15 MAY 97 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Craig T. Bowman; Ronald K. Hanson; STANFORD UNIV CA DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
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| The effectiveness of selective non-catalytic (SNCR) gas-phase reaction processes for NO(x) removal from combustion products at elevated pressures was investigated in a combined experimental and modeling research program. Calculations using existing chemical models for SNCR indicate that the temperature window for NO(x) removal by SNCR widens as pressure increases, resulting in NO(x) removal at higher temperatures than at ambient pressure. The calculations also show a significant reduction in the reaction ... |
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| Spray Combustion and Emissions in a Direct- Injection Two Stroke Engine with Wall-Stabilization of an Air-Assisted Spray |
FEB 97 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V. Casarella; Marc L. Syvertsen; Jay K. Martin; Jeffrey A. Hoffman; Jaal B. Ghandhi; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON
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| Previous experiments using an air-assisted spray in a impinge two- stroke direct-injected engine demonstrated a significant improvement in combustion stability at part-load conditions when a wide injection spray was used. It was hypothesized caused that the decrease in variability was due to the spray following the combustion chamber wall, making it less affected by variations in the in-cylinder gas flows. For this study, experiments were conducted to investigate engine spray ... |
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| Acoustical Emission from Bubbles and Dynamics of Bubbles and Bubble Clouds |
JAN 97 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Michael S. Longuet-Higgins; CALIFORNIA UNIV SAN DIEGO LA JOLLA OFFICE OF CONTRACT AND GRANT ADMINISTRATIO N
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| The aim of the research was to further our understanding of the natural sources of sound near the ocean surface, which are known to be due mainly to oscillating bubbles and bubble clouds. A theory has been given for the damping of bubble oscillations by nonlinear coupling between different modes of oscillation of a spherical bubble. Some experimental confirmation was found by later workers. A simple statistical model has been ... |
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| X-Ray Measurements With Films Masked by Staggered Absorption Layers of Aluminum |
JAN 1997 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Thad J. Englert; Sue E. Englert; James H. Degnan; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB KIRTLAND AFB NM
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| A technique for measuring x-ray emissions within the photon energy range 1 keV to 10 keV is described. A staggered set of aluminum absorbers, supported by kimfoil, is used to mask x-ray-sensitive film. Response functions of aluminum and kimfoil absorbers, along with the response function of the film, provide reasonable energy discrimination. Integrated incident energy along with modest spectral resolution may be obtained by convolution of the transmission of x-rays ... |
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| Oscillations in Gas-Turbine Combustors; Control of Rumble, Pattern Factor and Emissions |
DEC 96 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
J. H. Whitelaw; EUROPEAN RESEARCH OFFICE LONDON (UNITED KINGDOM)
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| The proposal which led to the above contract required that measurements be obtained in the combustor of a small gas turbine so as to determine the extent to which oscillations of the gaseous fuel supply would lead to reductions in NO(x) emissions and improvements in pattern factor. The 60 degree sector of the annular combustor in which the measurements were obtained is shown on figure 1 and has been used ... |
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| Ultraviolet Emission Cross Sections by Electron Impact: Application to UV Dayglow and Auroral Satellite Observations |
NOV 96 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph Ajello; COLORADO UNIV AT BOULDER LAB FOR ATMOSPHERIC AND SPACE PHYSICS
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| This program has developed for the Air Force a high resolution spectrometer, including EUV and FUV array detectors, which is the highest resolution single scattering instrument available in the US for the measurement of emission cross sections. Electron impact induced fluorescence studies have been made of emission spectra of atomic hydrogen and of molecular hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. Three fully operational UV emission cross section instruments, ranging in resolving power ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
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