| Second Report for Research and Modeling of Water Particles in Adverse Weather Simulation Facilities |
JUL 1998 |
139 pages |
| Authors:
R. J. Schulz; ARNOLD ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT CENTER ARNOLD AFS TN
|
 | This report describes a continuation of research into the modeling ofwater particle freezing for application to adverse weather simulation facilities. The research was initiated in FYI 996 to investigate the physics of freezing of submillimeter supercooled water particles or droplets in both natural and artificial or simulated adverse weather environments. The first phase of the research was reported and discussed in a report 1 and a paper 2. The work ... |
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| Water Mist Fire Tests For Class 2 & 3 Engine Rooms |
25 JUN 1998 |
83 pages |
| Authors:
Robert G. Bill Jr.; Donald E. Charlebois; Dennis L. Waters; Kevin Richards; FACTORY MUTUAL RESEARCH CORP NORWOOD MA
|
| Twenty three fire tests were conducted to determine the ability of typical current water mist technologies to extinguish fires specified in the International Maritime Organization (IMO) fire test procedure for Class 2 and Class 3 engine rooms. Sixteen of the 23 tests used fire scenarios specified in the IMO test procedure. They were conducted using nozzles installed at a 5 m height and 1.5 m spacing in a large test ... |
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| Spray Deposition Processing of Al/SiC MMC Armor Materials and Ta Alloys for Army Applications |
JUN 1998 |
176 pages |
| Authors:
E. J. Lavernia; F. A. Mohamed; CALIFORNIA UNIV IRVINE DEPT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
|
| In this research program, the spray atomization and deposition technique was both experimentally and numerically studied to process ceramic particulate reinforced (including functionally graded reinforcement distributions) A1 alloy metal matrix composites (MMCs) as armor materials and Ta alloys for Army applications such as shaped charged liners and explosively formed projectiles. In this final progress report, the aforementioned experimental and numerical results are described and discussed in five individual sections, which ... |
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| Thermal Spray Removal of Lead-Based Paint from the Viaduct Bridge at Rock Island Arsenal, IL |
JUN 1998 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey H. Boy; Robert A. Weber; Ashok Kumar; CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL
|
| Lead-based paint has in the past been used on many steel structures to control corrosion. Peeling lead-based paint cannot be overcoated but must be removed. During removal by conventional techniques, a tight containment structure is required to keep lead dust from contaminating air, soil, or water, and special worker protection is required. These protective measures are cumbersome and expensive. This report documents a field demonstration ... |
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| Electrically Charged Water Mists for Extinguishing Fires |
31 MAR 1998 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Charles H. Berman; Otto P. Andersen Jr.; Stuart A. Hoenig; AEROCHEM RESEARCH LABS INC PRINCETON NJ
|
| A brief experimental fire suppression study found that electrical charging of water mist can substantially reduce both the time and the amount of water required to extinguish a pool fire. Another benefit of charging was an increased spraying angle, which occurs even for low pressure sprays. It was also found that much lower voltages than reported by other workers can be very effective in charging the mist and extinguishing fires. ... |
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| Hazardous Waste Minimization of Paint Overspray Via Medialess Dynamic Particle Filtration |
25 MAR 1998 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
Steven R. Wright; Jeffrey H. Bond; INNOVATECH INC DURHAM NC
|
| A novel medialess dynamic particle filtration technique extending patented Boundary Layer Momentum Transfer (BLMT) technology, removes sticky aerosols without contaminating mechanical collection media. In this filter, incoming air passes through boundary layers generated on parallel stacks of rotating disks, excluding particles larger than a critical size, and allowing their agglomeration and collection. Because no paint solids accumulate on the rotating surfaces, flow, back pressure ... |
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| The Effect of Manifold Cross-Flow on the Discharge Coefficient Sharp- Edged Orifices |
16 MAR 1998 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
P. A. Strakey; D. G. Talley; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE WEST
|
| The objective of this study is to determine the effect of manifold cross-flow on the discharge coefficient and cavitation characteristics of sharp- edged orifices over a wide range of flow-rates, back-pressures and cross-flow velocities. The orifice geometries studied cover a range of orifice diameters, length to diameter ratios and orifice angles characteristic of impinging element liquid rocket injectors. Experimental results for an orifice angle of 900 with respect to the ... |
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| The Use of Small Probe Volumes with Phase Doppler Interferometry |
13 MAR 1998 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
P. A. Strakey; D. G. Talley; S. V. Sankar; W. D. Bachalo; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE WEST
|
| Phase Doppler interferometry utilizing a probe volume much smaller than the droplets being measured has been shown to work well when coupled with a phase and intensity validation scheme which is capable of eliminating trajectory dependent scattering errors. Measurements in monodispersed droplet streams have been performed to characterize the probe volume, and an intensity validation scheme and corresponding probe volume correction factor have been developed. Volume flux measurements in dilute ... |
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| A Maximum Entropy Moment Closure Approach to Describing Spray Flows |
05 MAR 1998 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
M. Archambault; R. W. MacCormack; C. F. Edwards; STANFORD UNIV CA DEPT OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS
|
| This paper describes a method to obtain a complete description of a spray flow by computing the evolution of its probability density function simultaneously with the gas flow in which it is embedded. Transport equations describing the evolution of certain moments of the probability density function are closed using a Maximum Entropy Formalism. Work is currently underway to test whether this method will yield significant advantages over conventional approaches to ... |
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| Prediction of Impact Loads Due to Extreme Vessel Motions |
20 JAN 98 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Armin W. Troesch; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR
|
| A sea loads based ship structural design technology includes components related to nonlinear hydrodynamics, nonlinear dynamics, and a probabilistic or reliability-based analysis of ship hydrodynamic loading. The thrust of the research conducted at the University of Michigan was on the prediction of local loads resulting from bottom impact and flare slamming. Details of spray jet development and flow separation points have been investigated and their influence on the overall hydrodynamic ... |
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| Health Risk Analysis of First Defense Pepper Spray Using an Acute Whole-Body Inhalation Exposure |
1998 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
David K. DuBay; Rusty E. Rush; DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY CORP CASPER WY
|
| The use of chemical agents on individuals has been practiced throughout this century in various arenas. The use of tear gas by the military in foreign conflicts first proved the effectiveness of this method to deal with combatants. Throughout this period, domestic law enforcement agencies the challenge of dealing with civil disturbances in the U.S. With the increased use of chemical agents by both the ... |
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| OC Powder - The Future of Riot Control |
1998 |
|
| Authors:
Scott E. Miller; MP LABS INC BLAIRSVILLE PA
|
 | The system concept which MP Laboratories, Inc. would like to represent, is a new chemical riot control agent. Currently, standard practice to control or disperse unruly crowds or demonstrators is to either launch or throw several pyrotechnic type tear gas grenades or projectiles. The pyrotechnic mixtures begin burning and release tremendous amounts of smoke, which contain the chemical agent. Today, tear gas grenades can be classified ... |
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| Innovation in Non-Lethal Weapon Technology |
1998 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Cameron Logman; ZARC INTERNATIONAL INC BETHESDA MD
|
| ZARC is the founder of Oleoresin Capsicum (0C Pepper Agent) non- lethal weapon technology. This proprietary OC technology is currently packaged in an aerosol form under the recognized brandname CAP-STUN, the very first pepper spray on the market developed for law enforcement and military application. ZARO's client list includes more than three thousand state and local law enforcement agencies as well as the US ... |
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| Determination of Structure, Temperature and Concentration in the Near- Injector Region of Impinging Jets Using Holographic Techniques |
01 DEC 97 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Dimos Poulikakos; ILLINOIS UNIV AT CHICAGO CIRCLE DEPT OFMECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| The purpose of this research is to study the fluid dynamics of the dense region of impinging jet atomizers using a novel holographic technique which is able to penetrate this region and to record reliably the non-spherical liquid elements which populate it. During the second year of the research significant progress was made in the study of both low and high speed impingement. The effect of several parameters such as ... |
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| 1997 Tri-Service Conference on Corrosion, November 17-21, 1997, Blockade Runner Hotel, Wrightsville Beach, NC. Vol. 1 - Proceedings |
21 NOV 1997 |
573 pages |
| Authors:
Gordon R. Holcomb; Bernard S. Covino Jr; Stephen D. Cramer; Sophie J. Bullard; NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER CARDEROCK DIV BETHESDA MD
|
| The Tri-Service Conference on Corrosion has been an interservice coordination in the area of corrosion research and corrosion control. The first conference, arranged by the U.S. Air Force, was held in Denver in 1967. This was followed by an organized meeting by the U.S. Navy at Annapolis in 1969, and the U.S. Army at Houston in 1972. Since 1972, one of the services has taken the lead in organizing the ... |
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| 1997 Tri-Service Conference on Corrosion, November 17-21, 1997, Blockade Runner Hotel, Wrightsville Beach, NC. Vol. 2 - Proceedings |
21 NOV 97 |
582 pages |
| Authors:
Gordon R. Holcomb; Bernard S. Covino Jr; Stephen D. Cramer; Sophie J. Bullard; NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER CARDEROCK DIV BETHESDA MD
|
| Several protection strategies for coastal infrastructure using thermal-spray technology are presented from research at the Albany Research Center. Thermal-sprayed zinc coatings for anodes in impressed current cathodic protection systems are used to extend the service lives of reinforced concrete bridges along the Oregon coast. Thermal-sprayed Ti is examined as an alternative to the consumable zinc anode. Sealed thermal-sprayed A1 is examined as an alternative coating to zinc dust filled polyurethane ... |
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| Automated Thermal Spray Technology for Rehabilitation and Maintenance of Civil Works Infrastructure |
NOV 97 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Raphael Benary; Robert Ganertz; Herbert Herman; Vincent F. Hock; CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL
|
| Lead-based paint is no longer used in the field, but repair crews, nearby communities, and the environment may be exposed to unacceptable levels of lead as older steel structures are abrasive-blasted before repainting. Onsite dust-containment enclosures used during surface preparation are either inadequate or expensive and cumbersome. Lead exposure problems may be mitigated by the application of long-lasting metal coatings, effectively reducing the frequency of the blast/recoat maintenance cycle. Automated ... |
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| Intra-Chamber Processes, Combustion and Gas Dynamics of Dispersed Systems, Second International Seminar |
AUG 97 |
120 pages |
| Authors:
BALTIC STATE TECHNICAL UNIV ST PETERSBURG (RUSSIA)
|
| The Final Proceedings for 2nd International Seminar on Intra-Chamber Processes, Combustion & Gas Dynamics, 30 June 1997 5 July 1997 The Topics covered include: Interior ballistics; heat & mass transfer, heat protection of channels; combustion of metal droplets in active media; spray combustion and two-phase flows. |
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| Annual Technical Report: Control of Sludge Destruction in Shipboard Incineration |
31 JUL 1997 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Ben T. Zinn; Lawrence M. Matta; GEORGIA INST OF TECH ATLANTA SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
|
| The goal of this project is the development of a novel, actively controlled, shipboard sludge incinerator using state of the art pulsating combustion technology. This study is aimed at determining the feasibility of such an incinerator, developing the technology to construct a suitable pulse combustor for exciting high amplitude velocity oscillations in the incinerator, and examining the benefits obtained from this technology. Two approaches have been taken towards the development ... |
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| Non-Toxic, Self-Cleaning Silicone Fouling Release Coatings |
JUN 97 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
James A. Cella; GENERAL ELECTRIC CORPORATE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT NISKAYUNA NY
|
| Because Duplex coatings containing silicone oils encapsulated with hard Thermoset wall materials exhibit poor abrasion resistance and a high degree of fouling, two microcapsule manufacturers have been identified for preparation of gel wall microencapsulations. A carbinol terminated PDMS and two ablative oils were synthesized for use in the compositions downselected for panel preparation for subcontractor sites. Twelve panels of each of twelve downselected formulations and a control were prepared, by ... |
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| Spray Processing and Mechanical Behavior of gamma-TiAl |
20 MAY 97 |
106 pages |
| Authors:
Enrique J. Lavernia; James C. Earthman; CALIFORNIA UNIV IRVINE DEPT OF CHEMICAL BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
|
| The principal developments during the three-year contract period may be described as follows: design and successful implementation of spray forming experiments using gamma-TiAl alloys; microstructural characterization and mechanical testing on spray formed gamma-TiAl alloys; two dimensional modeling of momentum and thermal behavior during spray atomization of gamma-TiAl; investigation of thermal residual stresses in spray formed gamma-TiAl using finite element methods; and finite element simulation of creep deformation and rupture of ... |
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| Development and Optimization of Powders for Large Area Powder Coatings |
MAY 1997 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
Kenneth J. Heater; METSS CORP COLUMBUS OH
|
| Technologies with the potential to produce mono-disperse powders for HVTS application and pigmented polymer beads for advanced aircraft coatings formulations were evaluated under this program. Conventional spray atomization techniques, including supercritical fluid spray atomization, and REES processing were determined to be ineffectual in meeting the objectives. However, experimental results of supercritical GAS processing and inkjet production methods demonstrated the potential of each of these ... |
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| Twenty-Sixty Symposium (International) on Combustion, Volume 2 |
APR 97 |
1577 pages |
| Authors:
Robert F. Sawyer; Anthony R. Burgess; Frederick L. Dryer; COMBUSTION INST PITTSBURGH PA
|
| Partial contents: Non-Premixed turbulent combustion; Premixed turbulent combustion; Elementary reactions kinetics; Kinetic mechanisms--models and experiments; Laminar premixed flames; Laminar diffusion flames; Microgravity combustion; Chemical flame inhibition; Fire safety; Spray combustion; Catalytic combustion. p1-16 pages vary. Materials synthesis; Metals combustion; Propellants; NOx formation and control; Soot formation and destruction; Incineration and fuel substitution; Diesel engines; Spark ignition engines; Gas turbines; Active combustion control; High speed combustion; Detonations; Coal and char combustion; ... |
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| Water Spray Cooling System for Extinguishment and Post Fire Suppression of Compartment Fires. |
26 FEB 1997 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald Sheinson; Alexandria Maranghides; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
| A water spray mist is used to cool a compartment fire before discharge of a gaseous fire suppression. As a result, less water and less fire suppression agent is needed than required with conventional method of suppressing compartment fires. The water spray may be continued for a short time after initial discharge of the fire suppression agent, and may be restarted after the fire has been extinguished. Also, the present ... |
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| Comparison Between Air-Assisted and Single-Fluid Pressure Atomizers for Direct-Injection SI Engines Via Spatial and Temporal Mass Flux Measurements |
FEB 97 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey A. Hoffman; Eric Eberhardt; Jay K. Martin; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON
|
| Two distinct atomization strategies are contrasted through the measurement of time and spatially dependent mass flux. The two systems investigated include a pressure atomizer (6.9 MPa opening pressure) and an air assist atomizer. Both systems have potential for use in direct injection spark ignition engines. The mass flux data presented were obtained using a spray patternator that was developed to allow phased sampling of the spray. The temporal mass related ... |
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| Corrosion and Fatigue Research - Structural Issues and Relevance to Naval Aviation |
1997 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Margery E. Hoffman; Paul C. Hoffman; NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER AIRCRAFT DIV PATUXENT RIVER MD
|
| The sea environment is the most structurally hostile of environments within which aircraft operate. Naval aviation operations routinely expose structural components to salt spray and high loads, especially during landings. The result in component lives occasionally end prematurely due to corrosion- assisted fatigue, or fatigue with other compounding factors. The occurrences of these unplanned events increase with the number of years an aircraft remains in service. The susceptibility of aging ... |
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| Fundamental Studies in Cryogenic Cooling of Power Electronics |
SEP 96 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
L. C. Chow; X. Q. Chen; M. S. Sehmbey; KENTUCKY UNIV LEXINGTON DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| This report is divided into two studies. The first deals with the measurement and modeling of film thickness produced during spray cooling. The experiments were conducted using pressure and air atomizing nozzles. The film thickness increases with decrease in flow rate for pressure atomizing nozzles, although the decrease is small. For air atomizing nozzles, increase in flow rate causes an increase in film thickness while and increase in air velocity ... |
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| Chemical Mechanistic Approaches for the Suppression of Soot Formation in the Combustion of High Energy Density Fuels |
SEP 96 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
R. J. Santoro; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| Significant advantages can be gained by the use of high energy density fuels in volume limited applications. However, excessive soot formation that accompanies the combustion of these fuels presently limits their application. Fuel additive approaches prove attractive as they require minimal modifications to already existing equipment. In the present study, a variety of flame configurations were used to study the additive effects on soot formation. Through tests conducted on laminar ... |
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| Experiments in Turbulent Spray Combustion |
21 AUG 96 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Ian M. Kennedy; CALIFORNIA UNIV DAVIS
|
| One PhD student graduated during the course of the AASERT award. He undertook a one year post doctoral position at Sandia Laboratory in Livermore and is now an Assistant Professor at Florida State University. Another MS student graduated and found a position in manufacturing industry. One continuing PhD candidate graduate student was supported by the AASERT award. The student completed his course work and began full time research in the ... |
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| Swirl Effects on Coaxial Injector Atomization |
AUG 96 |
96 pages |
| Authors:
Robert J. Santoro; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| The focus of this AASERT grant was the investigation of atomization processes for swirl coaxial gas/liquid spray injection for rocket combustor applications. The work has included review and analysis of atomization literature for swirled and non-swirled gas/liquid sprays, design and fabrication of a rocket-scale swirl coaxial injector for research, and cold-flow and hot- fire characterizations of atomization and combustion with the designed injector. Two significant findings have emerged from the ... |
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| Pressure-Controlled Atomization Process (PCAP) for Dimensional Restoration of Aviation Parts. Part 2 |
JUL 96 |
158 pages |
| Authors:
John C. Tierney; Ronald J. Giovan; Ying-Ming Lee; MSE INC BUTTE MT
|
| The Pressure-controlled Atomization Process (PCAP) is a new thermal spray process in which a metal is atomized in a supersonic nozzle, which also directs the spray to a suitable substrate. The Casting Project was jointly sponsored by the United States Air Force, Armstrong Laboratory Environics Directorate at Tyndall AFB, and the United States Department of Energy, Office of Technology Development (OTD) under the U. S. Air Force - DOE Memorandum ... |
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| Advanced Rotor Blade Erosion Protection System |
JUL 96 |
293 pages |
| Authors:
William D. Weigel; KAMAN AEROSPACE CORP BLOOMFIELD CT
|
| Two new hydrolysis-free elastomeric materials have been identified, tested and fabricated into full length leading edge erosion guards. The were applied to K747 composite main rotor blades for operational flight evaluation on the AH-1 Cobra helicopter. One exhibits more than four times the rain resistance and twice the sand resistance as the current material. The other has six times the sand resistance and equivalent rain resistance. A worldwide survey was ... |
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| Pressure-Controlled Atomization Process (PCAP) for Dimensional Restoration of Aviation Parts. Part 1 |
JUL 96 |
208 pages |
| Authors:
John C. Tierney; Ronald J. Giovan; Ying-Ming Lee; MSE INC BUTTE MT
|
| The Pressure-Controlled Atomization Process (PCAP) is a new thermal spray process in which a liquid metal is atomized in a supersonic nozzle, which also directs the spray to a suitable substrate. The Spray Casting Project was jointly sponsored by the United States Air Force, Armstrong Laboratory Environics Directorate at Tyndall AFB, and the United States Department of Energy, Office of Technology Development (DOE-OTD) under the U.S. Air Force-DOE Memorandum of ... |
|
| Continuous Fluid Atomization of Materials in a Rapidly Spinning Cup. |
14 JUN 1996 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Jack D. Ayers; Khershed Cooper; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
| Fine powders are made from molten metals and alloys on a continuous basis. A rapidly spinning shallow cup has an atomizing fluid such as water, oil or any other hydrocarbon supplied to the cup to form a thin sheet or layer which is distributed on the inner surface of the cup. Within the cup a stream or spray of molten metal is propelled into this thin sheet of atomizing fluid. ... |
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| Heat Transfer Evaluation of HFC-236EA and CFC-114 in Condensation and Evaporation |
JUN 1996 |
144 pages |
| Authors:
W. W. Huesbach; M. B. Pate; IOWA STATE UNIV AMES
|
| The report gives results of a heat transfer evaluation of the refrigerants hexafluoropropane and 1,1,2,2-dichloro-tetrafluoroethane. This research focuses on comparing refrigerants not only in condensation and pool boiling, but also with various tube surfaces. The test facility used in this study was initially used for spray evaporation testing; however, it was redesigned and modified for use with condensation, pool boiling, or spray evaporation testing. During pool boiling or spray evaporation, ... |
|
| Modeling for Microstructural Control in Spray Forming |
JUN 96 |
170 pages |
| Authors:
Roger D. Doherty; P. Mathur; S. Annavarapu; Cheng Cai; DREXEL UNIV PHILADELPHIA PA DEPT OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING
|
| The earlier 'Drexel' model of Spray Forming was modified with improved measurements of the atomization process: particle size distribution, radial mass flux and gas velocity field as a function of process parameters. The model was also extended to predict, successfully, the droplet undercoolings, the deposit shapes and, in a two dimensional model, the temperatures in the deposit. (A three dimensional thermal model was started but not completed under this funding) ... |
|
| ALLSPD-3D. Version 1.Oa |
APR 96 |
166 pages |
| Authors:
K. H. Chen; B. Duncan; D. Fricker; J. Lee; A. Quealy; NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION CLEVELAND OH LEWIS RESEARCH CEN TER
|
| This report describes the ALLSPD-3D computer program for the calculation of thee-dimensional, chemically reacting flows with sprays. ALLSPD- 3D employs a coupled, strongly implicit solution procedure for turbulent spray combustion flows. ALLSPD-3D utilizes generalized curvilinear coordinates with both multi-block and flexible internal blockage capabilities to handle complex geometries. The ALLSPD-3D algorithm, which employs preconditioning and eigenvalue rescaling techniques, is capable of providing efficient solution of flows over a wide range ... |
|
| Full Scale Tests of Water Mist Fire Suppression Systems for Navy Shipboard Machinery Spaces: Phase 1 - Unobstructed Spaces |
08 MAR 96 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
G. G. Back; P. J. DiNenno; Joseph T. Leonard; R. L. Darwin; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| Full scale tests of candidate water mist systems were conducted in a simulated machinery space on the ex-USS Shadwell. There were no obstructions in the space and the fire threats were both pan and spray fires of up to 10 MW. These tests demonstrated the potential ability of water mist to extinguish both shielded and unshielded Class B fires in full scale, relatively uncluttered machinery space applications. Of particular importance ... |
|
| The National Shipbuilding Research Program. Impact of Recent and Anticipated Changes in Airborne Emission Exposure Limits on Shipyard Workers |
MAR 1996 |
112 pages |
| Authors:
Charles L. Null; John Bishop; Joy Erdman; Paul Bureau; Kent Shoemaker; Chris Lonie; PETERSON BUILDERS INC STURGEON BAY WI
|
| The Navy and the National Shipbuilding Research Program Welding Panel (SP-7) are concerned with the recent and anticipated future reductions in Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) worker exposure limits for airborne emissions. these changes involve nickel (Ni), manpanese (Mn), and hexavalent chromium (Cr(Vl)) . The concerns are due to the potential impact these reductions may have on operations in Navy facilities, ... |
|
| Droplet-Turbulence Interactions Over a Wide Spectral Range |
29 FEB 96 |
95 pages |
| Authors:
W. A. Sirignano; S. E. Elghobashi; I. Kim; M. Masoudi; CALIFORNIA UNIV IRVINE DEPT OF MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
|
| The unsteady, three dimensional, incompressible, viscous flow interactions between a single vortex tube or a pair of vortex tubes advected by a uniform free stream and a spherical particle held fixed in space were investigated numerically for a range of particle Reynolds numbers between 20 and 100. Useful correlations of lift coefficient, moment coefficient, and drag coefficient with velocity fluctuation, Reynolds number, offset distance, and initial vortex size were obtained ... |
|
| Atomization of Viscous Liquid Sheets |
27 FEB 96 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
Essam A. Ibrahim; TUSKEGEE UNIV AL
|
| The atomization of liquid sheets is investigated via the linear and nonlinear instability theory. It is found that liquid viscosity reduces the growth rate and dominant wave number of disturbances. An increase in the gas-to- liquid density ratio raises the growth rate of disturbances. Surface tension always opposes the development of instability. Sinuous waves dominate the instability process at large We number. The results of the nonlinear theory indicate that ... |
|
| Oscillations in Gas-Turbine Combustors; Control of Rumble, Pattern Factor and Emissions |
01 JAN 96 |
1 pages |
| Authors:
J. H. Whitelaw; EUROPEAN RESEARCH OFFICE LONDON (UNITED KINGDOM)
|
| The results of experiments performed with combustion of kerosene in a combustor sector rig, based on a helicopter engine, have been assembled and examined. The measurements were conducted at two air-fuel and two air-preheat temperatures corresponding to cruise and take off and at atmospheric pressure and include temperatures and concentrations of major and minor species at the exit plane of the combustor without and with a turn-around duct. They show ... |
|
| Determination of Structure Temperature and Concentration in the Near Injector Region of Impinging Jets Using Holographic Techniques. |
JAN 1996 |
113 pages |
| Authors:
Dimos Poulikakos; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA MECHANICAL ENGINEERING LAB
|
| The purpose of this research was to investigate the dense region of a spray generated by two high speed impinging jets, using a novel holographic technique developed and tested under the present grant. The dense spray region was shown to contain a large population of non-spherical liquid elements. This region cannot be studied with more conventional optical methods. The structure of the liquid elements near the jet impact point was ... |
|
| Corrosion Control of Inter-Hull Spaces |
JAN 96 |
124 pages |
| Authors:
M. Kikuta; M. Shimko; D. Ciscon; ROSENBLATT (M) AND SON INC ARLINGTON VA
|
| This report expands upon the work conducted by the U.S. Navy to develop a tank preservation protocol with a service life of 15 to 20 years. This report focuses on controlling corrosion in the region between the inner and outer hulls in new double hull designs. This area is treated as either a void or a seawater ballast tank. The Oil Pollution Act of 1990 has precipitated increased interest by ... |
|
| Aerosol Technology Overview and Bibliography |
NOV 95 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
Everett W. Heinonen; Robert Tapscott; Charles J. Kibert; Chun-Li Peng; MARINE AND FISHERIES ENGINEERING RESEARCH INST INC WOODS HOLE MA
|
| The production of halons for use as total-flood firefighting agents ended in December 1993, and a search has been undertaken to develop alternatives. One of these alternatives involves fine particulate or droplet aerosols. A library search has been accomplished by the New Mexico Engineering Research Institute and the University of Florida to identify references to aerosol usage as replacements for Halon 1301 in total-flood firefighting applications. Two main areas were ... |
|
| Proceedings of the JANNAF Combustion Subcommittee Meeting (32nd) and Propulsion Engineering Research Center Annual Symposium (7th) Held in Huntsville, Alabama on 23-27 October 1995. Volume 2 |
27 OCT 95 |
|
| Authors:
Ronald S. Fry; Mary T. Gannaway; CHEMICAL PROPULSION INFORMATION AGENCY COLUMBIA MD
|
| This volume, the second of four volumes, is a collection of 40 unclassified/unlimited papers which were presented at the 32nd Joint Army-Navy- NASA-Air Force (JANNAF) Combustion Subcommittee Meeting in conjunction with the Propulsion Systems Hazards Subcommittee, the 22nd Exhaust Plume Technology Subcommittee, the 4th SPIRITS User Group Meeting and the Pennsylvania State University 7th Propulsion Engineering Research Center (PERC) Symposium held 23- 27 October 1995 at the NASA Marshall Space ... |
|
| Limited Effects Weapons Study: Catalog of Currently Available Weapons and Devices. Edition 1 |
25 OCT 1995 |
402 pages |
| Authors:
R. Delong; D. Bennett; R. Larriva; BATTELLE COLUMBUS OPERATIONS OH
|
| The purpose of this catalog is to provide an up-to-date listing of currently available limited effects weapons and devices. The catalog is divided into two main sections: Antipersonnel and Anti-materiel. Much of the information contained in the document came from various manufacturers and the data has not been tested or verified by the government. |
|
| Contact Corrosion Between Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials and High-Strength Metals |
09 AUG 95 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Mantong Gao; Changgan Xu; Zeyi Du; Tiemin Wang; NATIONAL AIR INTELLIGENCE CENTER WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| Experimental results show that when carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite materials are joined with high-strength titanium alloys, aluminum alloys, lCrl8Ni9Ti stainless steel, or other structural materials, galvanic corrosion and crevice corrosion take place on the contact boundaries. This corrosion is primarily determined by the electrochemical properties of the materials. It is also related to the materials' mutual coupling situation, treatment technology, and environmental conditions. Galvanic corrosion is affected by the coupled ... |
|
| Evaluation of the Boiler Plant at Malmstrom Air Force Base, Montana. An Air Quality Permit Review |
AUG 95 |
144 pages |
| Authors:
Jearldine I. Northrup; Charles Schmidt; Robert Brinkley; CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL
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| An evaluation of the Malmstrom Air Force Base (MAFB) coal-fired Central Heat Plant (CHP) was begun in January 1995. The system was evaluated and tested, on-site improvements were made, and recommendations were made to continue improved system performance. Local conditions favor continued use of coal technology, and it was found that the control equipment, as installed, will perform at the level required to meet environmental regulatory standards. However, since the ... |
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| Particle Dispersion in Turbulent Sprays |
31 JUL 95 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
Ian M. Kennedy; Wolfgang Kollmann; CALIFORNIA UNIV DAVIS
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| A Large Eddy Simulation (LES) was used to model a two phase turbulent round jet. The LES for the continuous phase used the Smagorinsky model for the sub-grid scale motion. A simple model for the effect of the particles on the continuous phase was developed. The model was essentially a momentum balance for a fluid volume containing particles moving relative to the continuous phase. The simulation showed that particles accelerated ... |
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