| Technology Requirements for Minefield Detection from Space |
APR 94 |
202 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas Anderson; Alan Poirier; FUTURES GROUP GLASTONBURY CT
|
 | An analysis of the technology requirements for minefield detection from space has produced a design for a space based sensor that can be used to detect anti-armor minefields. The project produced some minefield reflectance measurements to support the tactical requirements analysis. The project final report describes some potential signature phenomenology based upon several aircraft flights over an Army test range. The flights were planned to collect reflectance data with a ... |
|
| Optically Switched Submillimeter-Wave Oscillator |
08 FEB 94 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Michael G. Spencer; Xiao Tang; HOWARD UNIV WASHINGTON DC
|
| There exists a critical need for efficient local oscillators for heterodyne mixers operating in the 300 to 3000 GHz region. Applications include space-based submillimeter wave imaging arrays, airborne atmosphere spectroscopy, all-weather imaging radar, non-destructive testing, plasma diagnostics, weapon and contraband detection and communications. In order to address these problems, we propose a novel low power semiconductor device which uses time delays from a common optical pulse train to achieve a ... |
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| MILITARY SPACE PROGRAMS: Opportunities to Reduce Missile Warning and Communication Satellites' Costs |
02 FEB 1994 |
|
| Authors:
Louis J. Rodrigues; GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC NATIONAL SECURITY AND INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS DIV
|
 | DSP and Milstar are two of DOD's major multi-billion dollar space programs that were designed to operate in a global nuclear ballistic missile confrontation with the former Soviet Union. The histories of these programs have demonstrated DOD's commitment to develop advanced and sophisticated space-based technology to effectively deter the Soviet threat. However, military requirements now emphasize tactical warfighting capabilities for future regional conflicts. DOD'S action to terminate the current DSP ... |
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| EHF SATCOM Payload Frequency Synthesizer Study |
JAN 94 |
113 pages |
| Authors:
T. Romano; COM DEV LTD CAMBRIDGE (ONTARIO)
|
| This report describes the results of a detailed study into the development of an EHF STACOM payload frequency.hopping synthesizer. The synthesizer is required to provide an output between 20.2 GHz and 21.2 GHz, in steps of up to 200 Hz, with a switching time of less than 900 nanoseconds. A literature review of the various synthesizer architectures was conducted and used to devise three possible synthesizer solutions. These three solutions ... |
|
| Implications of Object vs. Space Based Theories of Attention in the Design of the Aircraft Head-Up Display |
94 |
|
| Authors:
Jeffry Long; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| Thirty-two pilots flew instrument approaches in a high-fidelity simulator. Location of flight symbology was manipulated head-up vs. head-down while controlling for optical distance and symbology format. Pilots were assigned to one of two symbology sets, conformal or non-conformal. Each pilot flew half of the trials with the symbology presented in a head-up location and half with the symbology located head-down. An unexpected far domain event was presented on one trial ... |
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| Charge Sensitive Preamplifier and Pulse Shaper using CMOS process for Germanium Spectroscopy |
1994 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
R. A. Kroeger; W. N. Johnson; R. L. Kinzer; J. D. Kurfess; M. D. Allen; G. T. Alley; C. L. Britton; L. C. Clonts; M. N. Ericson; M. L. Simpson; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| We have developed a low noise, low power charge sensitive amplifier and pulse shaping circuit. Our application is for a double-sided germanium strip detector, nominally providing 50 independent spectroscopy channels. An array of these detectors would provide significant improvements in imaging, spectroscopy, and sensitivity for space-based gamma-ray astronomy. The key features of these electronics are low noise, very low power, and small footprint per channel. Performance of our first circuit ... |
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| A Study of the Impact of Cirrus Clouds on High Altitude, Long Horizontal Path Laser Transmission |
23 DEC 93 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
G. G. Koenig; D. R. Longtin; J. R. Hummel; SPARTA INC LEXINGTON MA
|
| The Geophysics Directorate of the USAF Phillips Laboratory is supporting efforts to estimate the environmental impacts on the proposed AirBorne Laser (ABL) system, a laser system being considered for theater missile defense. One of the environmental factors of particular concern is cirrus clouds which can be found at the proposed levels for the ABL system. Cirrus clouds can have spatial extents ranging from several tens of meters to several thousands ... |
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| Adaptive Control for a Spacecraft Robotic Manipulator |
16 DEC 93 |
109 pages |
| Authors:
George Janvier Iv; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This research involves the development of an adaptive control law for a space based two-link robotic manipulator. Non-adaptive controllers are first obtained utilizing feedback linearization techniques. A direct adaptive controller is then developed through the linear parameterization of the system dynamics, and the implementation of a Kalman Filter based adaption law. The controllers are then simulated and compared for various levels of system parameter uncertainty. The adaptive controller is found ... |
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| LADAR Detection Statistics in the Presence of Pointing Errors |
15 DEC 1993 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Hal T. Yura; AEROSPACE CORP EL SEGUNDO CA TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS
|
| The probability of detection of optically rough targets by pulsed LADAR systems that employ direct detection is considered here. It is assumed that the LADAR operates under conditions of both unintentional pointing off-set bias (i.e., bore-sight error) and jitter. Under these conditions, the probability of detection of targets in both the near and far field of the collecting aperture (i.e., for resolved, partially resolved, and unresolved targets) and for both ... |
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| Enhanced Vehicle and Event Typing Software. Phase 1 |
03 DEC 93 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
John T. Wagner; Z. E. Schwarzbein; ANALYTICON CORP RANCHO PALOS VERDES CA
|
| Analyticon's Phase I SBIR effort emphasizes real-time typing of strategic military booster threats (ICBMs and SLBMs) from satellite-based infrared sensor measurements of received radiant intensity from their boost phase rockets. It is crucial to BMC3 planning and commanding of assets for strategic missile defense via boost-phase target interception and for TMD, BMD ground resources (sensor, weaponry) utilization, and early warning (EW) of threats. Accordingly it necessitates properly understanding salient analytical ... |
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| An Experimental Testbed for a Free-Floating Manipulator |
DEC 93 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas L. Maddox; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The attitude control of a multibody system in a gravity free environment has been an ongoing field of study for decades. Although most methods involve the use of thrusters, some algorithms exist that utilize internal motion of the system for reorientation. These algorithms reduce the expenditure of the limited amount of on board fuel so as to extend the useful life span of the system. An experimental facility for testing ... |
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| Feasibility Study of a Multiaperture Telescope for Deep-Space Earth Surveillance |
DEC 93 |
|
| Authors:
Charles V. Rothermich; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| Optical systems launched into space currently have a restriction on their size due to the shuttle's payload capacity. The size of optical systems on the shuttle is limited to 3 m in diameter. Multiaperture telescopes can overcome this limitation. Each subaperture of a multiaperture telescope samples the incoming signal. The waves sampled by each subaperture are combined to form a single image. The radiometric model is developed for a geosynchronous ... |
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| Performance Impacts for Actuator Misalignments and Failures in Large- Aperture Adaptive-Optic Telescopes |
DEC 93 |
106 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy D. Hogan; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| Large-aperture telescopes require adaptive optics in order to compensate for atmospheric turbulence which would otherwise negate the resolution advantages of using large apertures. This investigation analyzes the impacts of misalignments and failures, in the deformable mirror actuators, upon the performance of such systems. A numerical simulation of a standard adaptive optics system is used to generate characteristic optical transfer function (OTF) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) performance metrics. The performance impacts ... |
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| Design Analysis of a Combined Optical/LADAR Deep-Space Surveillance Satellite |
DEC 93 |
95 pages |
| Authors:
Bradley K. Fournier; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| This research determines the performance requirements of a combined optical/LADAR space-based system in order to detect and track deep-space satellites from a near-earth orbit satellite. The research derives the necessary equations to compare both direct and heterodyne detection techniques. The selection of the candidate laser systems is based on current space developed LADAR technology. The selection of the detector, detector size, and optic size are determined in order to maximize ... |
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| The Potential for the Department of Defense to Use Space-Based Remote Sensing to Support DoD and Other Government Agencies' Environmental Programs |
DEC 93 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Donald R. Artis Jr; ARMY TOPOGRAPHIC ENGINEERING CENTER FORT BELVOIR VA
|
| This paper describes the potential for the Department of Defense (DoD) to support other Government agencies in the management of national and worldwide environmental programs while continuing to conduct the traditional role of DoD as the military arm of the Federal Government. The DOD space-based remote sensing program must complement other programs, rather than replace or duplicate those programs. This may include defense-related remote sensing applying technologies to civil applications ... |
|
| FY94 Funding and Language, Ballistic Missile Defense Organization |
01 NOV 93 |
312 pages |
| Authors:
BALLISTIC MISSILE DEFENSE ORGANIZATION WASHINGTON DC
|
| Funding and language for the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization, describing requirements that must be met in the use of funds appropriated for FY94. |
|
| OrbitTransfer Rocket Engine Technology Program |
15 OCT 93 |
127 pages |
| Authors:
N. B. Gustafson; T. J. Harmon; ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL CANOGA PARK CA ROCKETDYNE DIV
|
| An advanced near term (1990's) space-based Orbit Transfer Vehicle Engine (OTVE) system was designed, and the technologies applicable to its construction, maintenance, and operations were developed under Tasks A through F of the Orbit Transfer Rocket Engine Technology Program. Task A was a reporting task. In Task 8, promising OTV turbomachinery technologies were explored: two stage partial admission turbines, high velocity ratio diffusing crossovers, soft wear ring seals, advanced bearing ... |
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| Orbit Transfer Rocket Engine Technology - 7.5K-LB Thrust Rocket Engine Preliminary Design |
15 OCT 93 |
|
| Authors:
T. J. Harmon; E. Roschak; ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL CANOGA PARK CA ROCKETDYNE DIV
|
| A preliminary design of an advanced LOX/ LH2 expander cycle rocket engine producing 7,500 lbf thrust for Orbital Transfer vehicle missions was completed. Engine system, component and turbomachinery analysis at both on design and off design conditions were completed. The preliminary design analysis results showed engine requirements and performance goals were met. Computer models are described and model outputs are presented. Engine system assembly layouts, component layouts and valve and ... |
|
| General Theory and Algorithms for the Non-Casual Inversion, Slewing and Control of Space-Based Articulated Structures |
OCT 93 |
197 pages |
| Authors:
E. Bayo; B. Paden; CALIFORNIA UNIV SANTA BARBARA DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| The following final report describes the accomplishments obtained by the research team at UCSB sponsored by the Directorate of Aerospace Sciences of the AFOSR. The major accomplishments are the following: General Procedures for the Non-Causal Inverse Dynamics of Nonlinear Articulated Structures; Inverse Dynamics of Nonlinear Articulated Structures: Simultaneous Trajectory Tracking and Vibration Reduction; Buckling Control of a Flexible Beam Using Piezoelectric Actuators; Nonlinear Inversion-Based Regulation. Flexible articulated structures, Dynamics, Control, ... |
|
| Far Ultraviolet Images of the Nightime Ionosphere |
23 SEP 93 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas P. Hekman; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The Naval Research Laboratory's Far Ultraviolet Cameras Experiment is part of an ongoing project to develop a means for real time space based monitoring of the upper atmosphere. The purpose of this paper is to develop a method by which useable data can be extracted from the images obtained from the cameras. The required output is an intensity profile of the light in the band of the camera as a ... |
|
| New Directions in Missile Defense Policy |
27 JUL 1993 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Sam Nunn; INSTITUTE FOR FOREIGN POLICY ANALYSIS INC WASHINGTON DC
|
| One of the most serious security challenges the US will face over the next 10-20 years is the proliferation of both weapons of mass destruction and the means to deliver them - ballistic missiles. To the extent that we have achieved consensus on meeting this threat, it was with the 1991 and 1992 Missile Defense Act. The heart of the Missile Defense Act is to provide the United States with ... |
|
| The Future of Remote Sensing from Space: Civilian Satellite Systems and Applications |
01 JUL 93 |
219 pages |
| Authors:
R. A. Williamson; A. Charo; B. McCue; S. Wooley; OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT WASHINGTON DC
|
| Since the first civilian remote sensing satellite was launched in 1960, the United States has come increasingly to rely on space-based remote sensing to serve a wide variety of needs for data about the atmosphere, land, and oceans (table 1-1). Other nations have followed the U.S. lead. The vantage point of space offers a broadscale view of Earth, with repetitive coverage unaffected by political boundaries Recent advances in sensors, telecommunications, ... |
|
| The Aerogel Mesh Contamination Collector |
JUL 93 |
99 pages |
| Authors:
Steven P. Hotaling; ROME LAB GRIFFISS AFB NY
|
| High performance optical and microelectronic components have ever tightening contamination specifications placed upon them. Contamination is now seen as a major reason for the degradation of space based optical systems and failure of high density integrated circuits used throughout industrial and military systems. To address this problem, contamination removal and collection techniques have been developed by Rome Laboratory (RL) However, some of these removal techniques create a flux of removed ... |
|
| Theater Ballistic Missile Defenses: Selected Issues |
JUL 1993 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
David Mosher; Raymond J. Hall; CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE (U S CONGRESS) WASHINGTON DC
|
| The United States is actively developing defenses to protect its troops and the citizens of friendly countries against attack by theater ballistic missiles. Those missiles -- the type that Iraq used during the Persian Gulf War -- have shorter ranges than the missiles with intercontinental range that the superpowers deploy as part of their nuclear arsenals. This memorandum is not intended as a complete analysis of issues related to theater ... |
|
| Super-Resolution of Multi-Pixel and Sub-Pixel Images for the SDI |
08 JUN 93 |
160 pages |
| Authors:
TITAN SPECTRON TUSTIN CA
|
| The recent profound shift in the global balance of power in favor of the United States of America has had major repercussions on Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) planning. In particular, the focus has shifted from the provision of protection for the United States against a massive raid, involving possibly thousands of reentry vehicles, to defense against a much more limited attack which could now, however, be launched from any part ... |
|
| The Impact of the Soviet Union's Demise on the U.S. Military Space Program |
19 APR 93 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
Gregory A. Keethler; AIR WAR COLL MAXWELL AFB AL
|
| The impact of the Soviet Union's demise on the US military space program is counterintuitive. Not only does our increasing dependence on space systems preclude a peace dividend from space, but the unspecified regional threats identified in US national strategy documents will likely be equipped with space capabilities much earlier than expected. This is due to the dire economic straits in which the former Soviet space program finds itself--it must ... |
|
| Proceedings of the Space Surveillance Workshop (11th) Held at Lexington, Massachusetts on 30 March-1 April 1993. Volume 2 |
01 APR 93 |
|
| Authors:
R. W. Miller; R Sridharan; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH LEXINGTON LINCOLN LAB
|
| The eleventh Annual Space Surveillance Workshop hosted by MIT Lincoln Laboratory was held 30-31 March and 1 April 1993. The purpose of the series of workshops is to provide a forum for the presentation and discussion of space surveillance issues. This Proceedings documents most of the presentations from this workshop. The papers contained were reproduced directly from copies supplied by their authors (with- minor mechanical changes where necessary). It is ... |
|
| Assessing Acquisition Schedules for Unmanned Spacecraft |
APR 93 |
|
| Authors:
Bruce R. Harmon; Neang I. Om; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| The research documented in this report was initiated to provide methods for assessing the reasonableness of proposed acquisition schedules for space-based elements of proposed SDS architectures and for the software associated with both space- based and ground-based segments of these systems. The approach used in accomplishing this task was to: (1) review the relevant literature; (2) collect historical schedule and technical data on acquisition programs for unmanned spacecraft; (3) compile ... |
|
| DoD Space Based Requirements: Increasing DoD Access to Space |
APR 93 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Mary D. Kelly; INDUSTRIAL COLL OF THE ARMED FORCES WASHINGTON DC
|
| This paper concerns itself with an examination of DoD's need to expand space based capabilities to support military operations while focusing on the current launch environment as the greatest limiting factor to achieving expanded exploitation of space for DoD requirements. There is a discussion of existing launch systems, facilities and capacity as well as current and experimental efforts in both payload and launch vehicle technology. A description of commercial practices ... |
|
| Why GPALS ? A Suggested Approach for the Implementation of the System |
APR 93 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Samuel E. Garcia; AIR WAR COLL MAXWELL AFB AL
|
| GPALS, the Global Protection Against Limited Strikes system, is the most recent evolution of the Strategic Defense Initiative. It is proposed for deployment in three parts: the theater segment, the national segment, and the Global Missile Defense segment containing the Brilliant Pebbles interceptor. Basic arguments both for and against the system are based on cost, the threat, the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty which bans space-based ABM systems, perceived Soviet opposition, ... |
|
| The Need for an Antisatellite Capability in the Twenty-First Century |
APR 93 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Robert S. Ward; AIR WAR COLL MAXWELL AFB AL
|
| The US must develop an antisatellite (ASAT) capability because it will probably face adversaries in the next century that have access to force- enhancing satellites. This is likely because: (1) satellites made significant contributions to the success of US-led coalition forces in the Gulf War; (2) analysts from other countries have recognized this; (3) many countries already have satellites that could provide their forces with space-based capabilities comparable to those ... |
|
| Obtaining Surface Optical Properties from Space-Based Lidar Systems |
30 MAR 1993 |
|
| Authors:
John R. Hummel; James R. Jones; David R. Longtin; Richard R. Zeoli; SPARTA INC LEXINGTON MA
|
| Space-based lidar systems are planned for a number of applications. One application being considered is to use a space-based lidar to infer information about the visibility near the surface from remote or inaccessible areas. This can be accomplished if one can obtain information about the optical properties near the surface. The concept would involve using a lidar on a space platform probing the atmosphere and underlying surface along its orbital ... |
|
| Obtaining Surface Optical Properties from Space-Based Lidar Systems. |
30 MAR 1993 |
|
| Authors:
John R. Hummel; James R. Jones; David R. Longtin; Richard R. Zeoli; SPARTA INC LEXINGTON MA
|
| Space-based lidar systems are planned for a number of applications. One application being considered is to use a space-based lidar to infer information about the visibility near the surface from remote or inaccessible areas. This can be accomplished if one can obtain information about the optical properties near the surface. The concept would involve using a lidar on a space platform probing the atmosphere and underlying surface along its orbital ... |
|
| The Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program: A New Paradigm for Space, the Environment, and National Security |
17 MAR 93 |
|
| Authors:
Thomas C. Suermann; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| Future U.S. national security objectives will encompass a broader range of technological systems and applications than they have in the past. Dual-use technologies will be vitally important to maintaining U.S. leadership in the world community, in space-based security, and in global environmental security and stewardship. The Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP), as well as NASA's emerging. Mission-To-Planet-Earth Program, individually and collectively offer national ways of leveraging technology. They ... |
|
| Analysis of Topaz II and Space-R Space Nuclear Power Plants Using a Modified Thermionic Model |
MAR 1993 |
108 pages |
| Authors:
Otto D. Habedank; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| Models based on the TDS thermionic diode model were developed for TOPAZ II and SPACER nuclear power systems. Several parameter studies were conducted with the TOPAZ II model. These determined system performance and efficiency while varying the following: (1) Coolant flow inlet temperatures. (2) Rate of coolant temperature change. (3) Power profile of the core. (4) Cesium reservoir temperature. Analysis of results indicate the model accurately represented the TOPAZ II ... |
|
| Target Scheduling for Directed Energy Weapon Platforms |
JAN 1993 |
175 pages |
| Authors:
G. C. Corynen; CALIFORNIA UNIV LIVERMORE RADIATION LAB
|
| This final report documents the results of a three-year technology development program sponsored by the Rome Laboratory (RL) as part of the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) and executed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The major objectives of this program were to develop, test, and deliver algorithms for managing Directed Energy Weapons (DEW) platforms during defensive engagements with a number of offensive weapons, which we shall call the targets. ... |
|
| Investigations of the Transient Behavior of the Cathode Fall Region in Planar and Hollow Cathodes |
21 DEC 92 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
B. Cheo; D. Bruno; POLYTECHNIC UNIV FARMINGDALE NY WEBER RESEARCH INST
|
| Recently there has risen a strong interest in producing negatively charged ion beams such as H-, for space based accelerators. The negative ions are generated in the plasma of an arc or glow discharge. The electrons are separated from the negative ions by a magnetic field. In such an environment various plasma and discharge instabilities can occur resulting in undesirable Megahertz noise of broad spectrum in the beam. It has ... |
|
| A Model of Global Positioning System (GPS) Master Control Station (MCS) Operations |
15 DEC 92 |
210 pages |
| Authors:
David N. Koster; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| The United States Air Force's Navstar Global Positioning System (GPS) provides high-accuracy space-based navigation and time distribution to suitably- equipped military and civilian users. The system consists of earth-orbiting satellites and a world-wide network of ground stations. A single operational control center, the GPS Master Control Station (MCS) monitors, maintains, and commands the GPS satellite constellation. The on-going deployment of the complete satellite constellation and recent changes in the operational ... |
|
| Russian/CIS Space Capabilities: Issues and Opportunities |
NOV 92 |
|
| Authors:
Hamilton Hagar; Joan F. Cartier; Susan L. Clark; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| The current and evolving space capabilities of the former Soviet Union are described, including the impact of political and institutional changes that have occurred since the breakup of the USSR. The implications of these changes for the U.S. space program are discussed, and issues and opportunities for cooperative relationships, both commercial and governmental, are identified. Despite the traumatic breakup, and the fecklessness of the Commonwealth Independent States, the former Soviet ... |
|
| Diamond Based Microelectronics |
NOV 1992 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
J. R. Zeidler; C. A. Hewett; NAVAL COMMAND CONTROL AND OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CENTER RDT AND E DIV SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The need for electronic devices which will reliable operate in the temperature range from 400 to 600 deg C has made it essential to look beyond conventional electronic materials such as silicon or gallium arsenide. Devices based on these materials are presently able to meet a limited number of elevated temperature demands, but only with the added cost and complexity of an environmental cooling system. Sensors and control devices mounted ... |
|
| Optimal Three-Dimensional Matched Filter Processing for Detection of Point-Like Moving Objects in Clutter |
30 SEP 92 |
|
| Authors:
John N. Sanders; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH LEXINGTON LINCOLN LAB
|
| A simple model of a time sequence of star images containing a moving point object (satellite) is developed. Optimal signal enhancement and detection processing theory is applied to this model and a three-dimensional Fourier matched filter implementation is derived to compute clutter-to-noise ratio (CNR) suppression, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) enhancement, and probability of detection (Pd) and false alarm (Pfa) rate estimates as a function of input single pixel SNR. Using this ... |
|
| Earth Observing System: Information on NASA's Incorporation of Existing Data Into EOSDIS |
25 SEP 92 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC INFORMATION MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY DIV
|
| NASA plans to include a variety of data in the early EOSDIS, including reprocessed versions of certain key large-volume data sets that have been collected over many years. However, few of the data sets earmarked for reprocessing will be sufficiently reworked to be available for users to test early EOSDIS capabilities and provide feedback. Although EOSDIS Version 0 is scheduled to become operational in 1994, none of the six large ... |
|
| Computer Simulation of a Space-Based Infrared Surveillance Sensor |
07 SEP 92 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
R. Lucke; W. Shaffer; R. Rhodes; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| Simulation of a Naval Research Laboratory space-based infrared surveillance sensor must include such basic effects as the time-varying geometry of the satellite-to-earth line of sight (LOS), atmospheric emission and attenuation, the optical blur of the sensor's telescope, and the noise and nonuniform response characteristics of the solid-state detectors. A user- oriented, menu-driven software, package called the End-to-End Simulation Package (EESP) has been developed to perform the necessary calculations. In addition ... |
|
| Effects of Cryocontaminants on Cryogenic Superpolished Mirror and Superpolished Quartz Crystal Microbalance |
SEP 92 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
B. L. Seiber; R. J. Bryson; R. P. Young Sr.; B. E. Wood; ARNOLD ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT CENTER ARNOLD AFS TN
|
| Effects of contaminants on optical surfaces is a concern for space- based systems. Many systems contain cryogenic optical systems that operate at temperatures where gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water will condense. This study presents experimental results of the effects of these gases condensed on highly polished (superpolished) mirror surfaces cooled, under vacuum, to temperatures as low as 15 K. Using these gases as contaminants, the bidirectional ... |
|
| STRATEGIC DEFENSE INITIATIVE: Some Claims Overstated for Early Flight Tests of Interceptors |
SEP 1992 |
|
| Authors:
B. Hathaway; J. K. Spencer; C. A. Walter; GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC NATIONAL SECURITY AND INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS DIV
|
| The Strategic Defense Initiative program is developing a family of kinetic kill interceptors to destroy missiles by colliding with them. From January 1990 through March 1992, the Strategic Defense Initiative Organization (SDIO) conducted seven flight tests of early experimental versions. The Chairman, Legislation and National Security Subcommittee, House Committee on Government Operations, asked GAO to determine the accuracy of SDIO's claims for these tests. Kinetic kill interceptors use head-on collisions ... |
|
| Fuzzy Control and Fuzzy Kinematic Mapping for a Redundant Space Robot |
AUG 92 |
|
| Authors:
Alois Schacherbauer; Yangsheng Xu; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA ROBOTICS INST
|
| This report documents parts of the research in the Self Mobile Space Manipulator project at Carnegie Mellon University. We developed Fuzzy Logic Friction Compensation schemes that improve motion performance Of SM2. Both static and dynamic errors are reduced. Also, we propose Fuzzy Inverse Kinematic Mapping to resolve the redundancy problem in SM2. The proposed scheme works identically for redundant and non-redundant robots, does not require any constraints to be imposed ... |
|
| Enhancement of Multiple Target Track Simulation |
AUG 92 |
|
| Authors:
Jeffrey L. Penatzer; ANALYTICAL SYSTEMS ENGINEERING CORP ROME NY
|
| The Enhancement of Multiple Target Track Simulation task had as its primary objective the development of an integrated simulation of Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) Acquisition, Tracking, Pointing, and Fire Control (ATP- FC) functions from previously developed simulations of a subset of the individual functions which would be required for a complete end-to-end simulation of a space-based Directed Energy Weapon (DEW) platform. The functions integrated were the Target Detection, Multiple Target ... |
|
| The Delayed Gamma Environment Produced by Exoatmospheric Nuclear Weapons Detonation |
JUL 92 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Barry L. Spletzer; SANDIA NATIONAL LABS ALBUQUERQUE NM
|
| The production of delayed gamma ray radiation from the debris following a nuclear weapon detonation in space can produce an environment that is detrimental to various sensor systems on space-based assets. This report examines the nature of this delayed gamma environment and provides guidelines for assessing its severity. A full derivation of the environment is presented- based on a simple symmetric model. Included in the environment are single burst and ... |
|
| High Energy Propulsion System (HEPS) Analysis |
JUL 92 |
117 pages |
| Authors:
Robert T. Nachtrieb; PHILLIPS LAB EDWARDS AFB CA
|
| Deep space missions will require high specific impulse (I sub sp) and large changes in velocity (Delta v). The compact energy storage of nuclear fission systems and advanced fusion reactor concepts make them ideal power source candidates for future space applications. Fusion is particularly attractive because it produces more energy than fission, and does not produce long-lived radioactive waste. The purpose of this study was to produce a FORTRAN computer ... |
|
| NASA: Changes to the Scope, Schedule, and Estimated Cost of the Earth Observing System |
JUL 92 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC NATIONAL SECURITY AND INTERNATIONAL A FFAIRS DIV
|
| The Earth Observing System (EOS) program is the principal contribution of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to the government's study of climate and other global changes. This report describes E0S and the major changes made to its scope, schedule, and estimated cost due to its recent restructuring. Congress funded EOS as a new NASA program beginning in fiscal year 1991. NASA proposed to launch about 30 types of ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
SPACE BASED
