| Sildenafil and Phosphofiesterase-5 Inhibitors to Reduce Cardiotoxicity and Enhance the Response of Breast Tumors to Doxrubicin |
01-Mar-2008 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
David A Gewirtz; VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV RICHMOND
|
 | In our studies of the interaction between sildenafil and adriamycin in breast tumor cells and cardiomyocytes, we have made the following observations. In breast tumor cells: 1. Sildenafil fails to protect various breast tumor cell lines against the toxicity of adriamycin. 2. Sildenafil moderately enhances the response to adriamycin in breast tumor cells .3. Sildenafil does not alter the extent of DNA damage induced by adriamycin in breast tumor cells. ... |
|
| Identification of Mechanisms of Breast Cancer Metastasis Using Tissue Specific Virus Delivery |
01-Mar-2008 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Martin Jechlinger; SLOAN-KETTERING INST FOR CANCER RESEARCH NEW YORK
|
| In the first year of support we established protocols for efficient in vitro cultivation and infection of mammary gland derived normal, hyperplastic and tumorigenic cells. For the second year we reported the analyses of mammary tumor cells when infected with candidate genes that are likely to promote invasion. We established a three dimensional basement membrane based cell culture system for primary mouse mammary cells that will allow us to examine ... |
|
| Prevention of the Angiogenic Switch in Human Breast Cancer |
MAR 2008 |
123 pages |
| Authors:
Judah Folkman; CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL CORP BOSTON MA
|
| Our overall goal is to determine if human breast cancer can be prevented from becoming angiogenic when it is still at a microscopic size (< ~ 1 mm3). Some of our key research accomplishments this year are: (i) Heat shock protein-27 (HSP-27) was identified as a gene that was upregulated 27-fold in the angiogenic breast cancer cells MDA-MB-436 as compared to the non-angiogenic dormant breast cancer cells. (ii) Increased expression ... |
|
| Revealing the Functions of Tenascin-C in 3-D Breast Cancer Models Using Cell Biological and in Silico Approaches |
MAR 2008 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Agne Tarasevicuite; PENNSYLVANIA UNIV PHILADELPHIA
|
| The extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein tenascin-C (TN-C) is induced in the breast stroma, where it is associated with both breast cancer development and progression, yet its role in this disease remains obscure. To investigate the effects of stromal TN-C on normal human mammary epithelium, we cultured MCF-10A cells in a three-dimensional (3-D) reconstituted basement membrane (Matrigel), either with or without exogenous TN-C. Whereas control cells formed polarized acinar structures, complete ... |
|
| Mammary Gland Tumor Development in Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Different Isoforms of the CDP/Cux Transcription Factor |
MAR 2008 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Chantal Cadieux; MCGILL UNIV MONTREAL (QUEBEC)
|
| Short CUX1 isoforms were found to be overexpressed in breast cancer cell lines, in human breast tumors and in uterine leiomyomas, suggesting that these proteins play a key role in tumor development and progression. My project consists in analyzing the effect of these CUX1 isoforms on mammary gland development and tumorigenesis. Also, I will work on the identification of targets of CUX1 that mediate its oncogenic properties. So far, I ... |
|
| The Role of Akt and its Substrates in Resistance of Breast Cancer to Trastuzumab |
Mar-2008 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Christian D Young; COLORADO UNIV AURORA CO
|
| We have crossed the MMTV-myr-Akt1 transgenic mice (which express constitutively active Akt1 in the mammary gland) with MMTV-c-ErbB2 transgenic mice to evaluate the role of Akt1 activation in ErbB2-induced mammary carcinoma. Bitransgenic MMTV-c-ErbB2, MMTV-myr-Akt1 mice develop mammary tumors twice as quickly as the MMTV-c-ErbB2 mice. Histology and activated caspase 3 immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the bitransgenic tumors were less organized and had fewer apoptotic cells, however many bitransgenic tumors displayed areas ... |
|
| The Significance of Focal Basal Cell Layer Disruptions-Induced Immuno-Cell Infiltration in Prostate Cancer Invasion |
MAR 2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Yan-Gao Man; AMERICAN REGISTRY OF PATHOLOGY WASHINGTON DC
|
| It is commonly held belief that prostate tumor invasion is triggered by the overproduction of proteolytic enzymes mainly by tumor cells which cause degradation of the basement membrane. This theory is consistent with data from cell cultures and animal models but results from recent worldwide clinical trials with enzyme inhibitors have been very disappointing casting doubt on the validity of the enzyme theory. Based on our own studies we have ... |
|
| Targeting Breast Cancers Featuring Activating Mutations in PIK3CA by Generating a Lethal Dose of PIP3 |
01-Feb-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Jean J Zhao; DANA-FARBER CANCER INST BOSTON MA
|
| Our research described here is relevant to the pathogenesis and a potential novel therapy for breast cancers. The PIK3CA is the most commonly mutated oncogene in breast cancer and loss of the tumor suppressor, PTEN, occurs frequently in patients suffering from this disease. The most significant accomplishment during the second year of funding is the mammary gland tumor model induced by conditional expression of an oncogenic PIK3CA allele which will ... |
|
| A Tale of Two Disability Coding Systems: The Veterans Administration Schedule for Rating Disabilities (VASRD) vs. Diagnostic Coding Using the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Edition, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) |
JAN 2008 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
Nicole S. Bell; Ilyssa E. Hollander; Jeffrey O. Williams; Paul J. Amoroso; SOCIAL SECTORS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES INC BOSTON MA
|
| Disability rates have increased by approximately 10% per year over the past 25 years. Little is known about the etiology, in part because Veterans Administration Schedule for Rating Disabilities (VASRD) codes are not clinical diagnoses. This report describes results from analyses linking VASRD disability codes to International Classification of Disease, 9th Rev., Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) clinical diagnoses captured in hospital administrative records during disability case processing. Results suggest that while ... |
|
| Regulation of Akt/Protein Kinase B Signaling by a Novel Protein Phosphatase in Breast Cancer Cells |
JAN 2008 |
60 pages |
| Authors:
John Brognard; Alexandra Newton; CALIFORNIA UNIV SAN DIEGO LA JOLLA
|
| The major purpose of the proposed research was to determine if a novel phosphatase, entitled PHLPP2, negatively regulates the protoncogene Akt, by dephosphorylating this kinase at a key residue, Ser 473, where phosphorylation is required formaximal activity. Furthermore, we sought to determine if this phosphatase played a role in regulating downstream physiological effects of Akt signaling including: cell proliferation, growth, and apoptosis. Finally, since this phosphatase resides in a location ... |
|
| Development and Optimization of a Dedicated, Hybrid Dual-Modality SPECT-CmT System for Improved Breast Lesion Diagnosis |
JAN 2008 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
Priti Madhav; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| The overall objective of this project is to implement a dual-modality single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and x-ray computed mammotomography (CmT) system for the detection and staging of breast cancer monitoring of treatment therapies and improving surgical biopsy guidance. The sequential acquisition with emission (nuclear) and transmission (x-ray) 3D imaging systems can aid in localizing the radioactive uptake of a tumor from the emission image by using the anatomical ... |
|
| Early Detection of Breast Cancer Using Molecular Beacons |
JAN 2008 |
129 pages |
| Authors:
Lily Yang; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| The objective of this research project was to develop a novel fluorescence cell imaging method for the early detection of breast cancer. We proposed to use molecular beacon technology to detect the level of expression of several biomarker genes that are highly expressed in breast cancer cells but not in normal breast epithelial cells. As the result of this DOD Idea Award, we have developed molecular beacons that detect the ... |
|
| The Role of SnoN and Ski in Mammary Epithelial Cell Transformation |
DEC 2007 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Deng Pan; CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY
|
| Ski and SnoN are members of Ski oncoprotein family. Overexpression of Ski or SnoN can induce transformation of chicken embryonic fibroblast. Ski/SnoN is recently identified as a repressor of TGF signaling pathway which is an important tumor suppression pathway at the early stage of tumorigenesis. Higher level of Ski/SnoN is found in transformed mammary epithelial cells. Ski/SnoN might play a role in regulation of the transformation of mammary epithelial cell ... |
|
| Prevention of Radiation-Induced Breast Cancer by Amifostine |
DEC 2007 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Michael M. Weil; COLORADO STATE UNIV FORT COLLINS
|
| This project is a pre-clinical study designed to determine if amifostine might be effective in preventing breast cancer initiation by medical exposures to ionizing radiation. The experiments will determine if amifostine is protective in a murine model of breast cancer and, if so, determine the optimum dose, route and timing for its administration. The first year's objective was to test a high dose of amifostine administered I.P. prior to irradiation ... |
|
| Computer Assisted Cancer Device -- 3D Imaging |
31-Oct-2007 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Liebman; Kevin Woods; Albert V Porambo; JACKSON (HENRY M) FOUNDATION ROCKVILLE MD
|
| It is well documented that breast cancer is frequently missed on mammograms, leading to delayed detection and potentially less successful treatment. Our studies show that approximately 32% of cancers can be detected early using mammograms. While current Computer-Assisted Detection (CAD) technology is designed to capture as many of these cancers as possible, it is not able to offer information specific enough to assist the radiologist in determining the best course ... |
|
| Genetic Analysis of Ets-2 in Tumor-Associated Macrophages During Breast Cancer Progression |
01-Oct-2007 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Tahera Zabuawala; OHIO STATE UNIV COLUMBUS
|
| While it is known that the most common human tumors are derived from epithelial cells that have undergone multiple genetic alterations, it is also becoming clear that the alterations in the tumor micro-environment are necessary for tumor progression. One such stromal component is the macrophage. Recent studies have shown that deletion of CSF-1, an essential growth factor for growth and differentiation of macrophages, delays pulmonary metastasis in the PyMT breast ... |
|
| Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor Binding Protein-1 in Mammary Development and Tumorigesis |
01-Oct-2007 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV WASHINGTON DC
|
| Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are vital modulators of development as well as angiogenesis. They play a large role in vascular formation body axis patterning cell migration and organ branching. The scientific community is still piecing together the role that distinct FGFs play due to the complexity of the FGF network which involves 22 distinct members that signal through 4 receptors to activate 3 major signaling pathways. FGFs act as major ... |
|
| Center for the Evaluation of Biomarkers for Early Detection of Breast Cancer |
OCT 2007 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Nicole Urban; FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER SEATTLE WA
|
| Breast Cancer remains a leading cause of death for women in the US despite the popularity of mammography as a preventive tool. At diagnosis many breast cancers are at an advanced stage of disease even for women undergoing annual screening resulting in costly and painful follow-up procedures. It has been shown that molecular markers can increase our ability to diagnose early stages tumors. This has been demonstrated by current clinical ... |
|
| Temporal Subtraction of Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Images for Improved Mass Detection |
OCT 2007 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Christina M. Li; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) strives to overcome the obstacles presented in conventional 2D mammography by taking multiple projections over a fixed angle and reconstructing volumetric data isolates overlying anatomy from in-plane structures and amplify the conspicuity of lesions. Temporal subtraction automates the process of comparative analysis by using two images taken sequentially and subtracting them in order to find temporal discrepancies. The purpose of this project is to determine the ... |
|
| Automation and Preclinical Evaluation of a Dedicated Emission Mammotomography System for Fully 3-D Molecular Breast Imaging |
OCT 2007 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Spencer J. Cutler; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| The overall objective of this proposal is to fully automate and optimize the performance of a 3-D dedicated emission mammotomography system for enhanced semi-automated clinical testing. A retrospective study of 103 clinical MRI uncompressed breast scans was conducted to create surface renderings of the uncompressed breasts and analyze how to adapt existing acquisition orbits for varying breast shapes. Laser ribbon ranging sensors and associated hardware to fully automate the radius ... |
|
| Complement and Immunotheraphy of Breast Cancer |
OCT 2007 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Michelle Rapisardo; Tomlinson Stephen; MEDICAL UNIV OF SOUTH CAROLINA CHARLESTON
|
| A humoral immune response to breast cancer cells is generally not therapeutically effective, likely due, at least in part, to overexpression of complement inhibitors expressed on tumor cell surfaces. Here we proposed to investigate two novel fusion proteins aimed at overcoming complement inhibition of breast tumor cells. During year one it was proposed to construct plasmids encoding MUC1 and MUC1-C3d; express and purify MUC1, MUC1-C3d and the recombinant fusion protein ... |
|
| Flt-1 Function and Signaling in Breast Cancer |
OCT 2007 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Charlotte M. Harwood; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV MEDICAL SCHOOL WORCESTER
|
| The VEGF receptor Flt-1 mediates VEGF survival signaling in cancer cells and has been correlated with a high risk metastasis and relapse in breast cancer. However, the function of Flt-1 in breast cancer is not yet known. Here we report an increase in Flt-1 expression in breast tumor cells exposed to a hypoxic environment. Interestingly, no increase in Flt-1 expression was observed in pre-malignant breast epithelial cells. Furthermore, Flt-1 was ... |
|
| Pilot Study on Factors Secreted by Differentiating Mammary Epithelial Cells (MECs) That Can Suppress Proliferation of Breast Cancer Cells |
Oct-2007 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Xuning E Guo; CALIFORNIA UNIV IRVINE
|
| In normal cells, proliferation and differentiation are regulated and coordinated in a way that activation of differentiation in normal cells is typically associated with cessation of proliferation. However, the balance between the two is usually disrupted in tumorigenesis, ultimately leading to a complex cellular phenotype typical of cancer cells. In attempts to identify the differentiation-inducing factors in conditioned medium, conditioned medium was fractioned and applied to breast cancer cell, MCF7, ... |
|
| Therapeutic Implications of Progesterone Receptor-Mediated Regulation of Cell Cycle in Breast Cancer |
OCT 2007 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Hilary Ogden; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| Our studies show that agonist-bound PR-B can stimulate the proliferation of breast cancer cells by functioning in a direct manner to induce transcription of E2F1 and E2F2, key regulators of cell cycle progression. We demonstrate that although the MAPK pathway is important for phosphorylation of RB and release of E2F, its activation is not dependent on PR signaling through Src family kinases. Further, we found that PRMs such as asoprisnil ... |
|
| Combined Biology and Bioinformatics Approaches to Breast Cancer |
OCT 2007 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
Zhongxian Lu; CALIFORNIA UNIV IRVINE
|
| LMO4 is highly expressed in breast epithelial cells and is related to cell proliferation and/or invasion in vivo. Because these cellular features are associated with breast carcinogenesis and since LMO4 is overexpressed in more than 50% of breast cancer cases, we hypothesize that LMO4 may play roles in oncogenesis of breast epithelial cells by regulating proliferation, invasion and/or other cellular features. Using LMO4 over-expression or shRNA expression system in vitro, ... |
|
| Advanced Processing for Biomedical Informatics (APBI) |
Oct 2007 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Craig D Shriver; HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE ROCKVILLE MD
|
| A research consortium including Windber Research Institute (WRI), the US Army Space and Missile Defense Command (USASMDC), the Joyce Murtha Breast Care Center (JMBCC), and the Clinical Breast Care Project (CBCP) Walter Reed Army Medical Center (WRAMC) has been formed to evaluate the use of minimally-invasive methods for screening including mammography, ultrasound, proteomics and genomics, in the serum and breast for early detection of markers for risk of disease or ... |
|
| Estrogen Mobilizes Circulating Bone Marrow Progenitor Cells to Promote Tumor Neovasculature: Lessions from Ischemic Model Provide a Novel Breast Cancer Target |
01 SEP 2007 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Raj K. Tiwari; NEW YORK MEDICAL COLL VALHALLA
|
| Breast cancer growth and metastases is dependent on neovasculature. The cells that actually trigger the formation of new blood vessels are poorly characterized but it has been hypothesized that some of the precursor blood vessel cells originate in the bone marrow and then home to tumor tissues. Although estrogen is a major stimulus, its role as a bone marrow originating endothelial cell mobilizing agent has not been demonstrated. We propose ... |
|
| The Role of ERBP in Breast Cancer Progression |
01-Sep-2007 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Yijun Zhu; NORTHWESTERN UNIV EVANSTON IL
|
| Metastasis, a process during which primary tumor disseminates into distal sites, likely occurs when primary tumor cells obtain additional genetic or epigenetic alteration. ERBP (estrogen receptor binding protein) is an estrogen receptor binding protein which potentiates the transcriptional activity of estrogen receptor. Unlike most coactivators which interact with AF2 domain of estrogen receptor, ERBP interacts with the DNA binding domain of estrogen receptor. The altered expression of ERBP could promote ... |
|
| Prostate Derived Ets Factor, An Immunogenic Breast Cancer Antigen |
SEP 2007 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Ashwani Sood; ROSWELL PARK CANCER INST BUFFALO NY
|
| The goal of the proposed research was to test the following concept: Due to the prostate restricted expression of Pse in normal tissues of mice Pse is likely to be immunogenic in female mice. T cell responses of male and female mice to Pse and a control antigen Her2lneu were compared. Two different assays were used for this purpose; the ELlspot assay and the Cytotoxicity assay. We found that in ... |
|
| The Role of Alternative Splicing in Breast Cancer Progression |
SEP 2007 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Klemens J. Hertel; CALIFORNIA UNIV IRVINE
|
| Alternative pre-mRNA splicing generates thousands of different mRNA isoforms in metazoan organisms. It is unknown if breast-cancer associated alternative splicing is regulated like tissue-specific splicing, or whether it is caused by changes in the splicing accuracy. To test the hypothesis that the accuracy of the spliceosome is compromised in breast tumor cells, we have designed a quantitative real-time PCR assay to determine the number of incorrectly spliced mRNA products made ... |
|
| Breast Cancer Prevention by Inducing Apoptosis in DCIS Using Breast Ductal Lavage |
SEP 2007 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Patrick P. Koty; WAKE FOREST UNIV WINSTON-SALEM NC
|
| Current prevention focuses on oral administration of chemopreventive agents which decreases breast cancer incidence but increases the risk for secondary treatment-induced disease and may not be effective in preventing those lesions that are estrogen receptor (ER) negative. We hypothesize that programmed cell death is dysregulated in premalignant breast cells which permits these cells to avoid cell death. Our studies indicate the ductal carcinoma in situ cell line DCIS3A overexpresses the ... |
|
| Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine IL-10 and Mammary Gland Development |
SEP 2007 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Shiu-Ming Kuo; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO AMHERST
|
| This investigation seeks to determine the relationship between anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and mammary gland development. To achieve this goal, the authors propose to compare mammary glands from wild type and IL-10 knockout female mice at different stages of development: at day 21, day 55, day 80, day 150, and 2 days after giving birth. There are two major tasks: to breed and raise wild type and IL-10 knockout female mice ... |
|
| Fluorescence and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy for Breast Cancer Diagnosis During Core Needle Biopsy |
SEP 2007 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
Changfang Zhu; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON
|
| The goal of this project is to explore the potential of using tissue fluorescence and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for breast cancer detection during a core needle breast biopsy. Both empirically based and model based approaches have been explored for the extraction of diagnostically useful information from the tissue spectra, as well as the diagnosis of breast cancer based on these extracted features. For the sample set investigated in our study, ... |
|
| Identification of the Her-2 Functional Site: Blockage of Receptor Heterodimerization |
SEP 2007 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Ruth Lupu; EVANSTON NORTHWESTERN HEALTHCARE RESEARCH INST IL
|
| Targeting HER2 is not as straightforward as it was originally predicted since many breast tumors express multiple HER receptors and co-express one or more HER ligands. This cross-talk network negatively impacts the response to the currently used HER2-targeted agents, highlighting the urgent need for a novel anti-HER2 molecule(s) presenting a combination strategy. Activation of the HER2 receptor is attained by several means: 1) receptor overexpression leads to homodimerization; 2) EGF ... |
|
| Optical Spectroscopy and Multiphoton Imaging for the Diagnosis and Characterization of Hyperplasias in the Mouse Mammary Gland |
SEP 2007 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Melissa C. Skala; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| In these studies, the potential of optical techniques for early breast cancer detection were tested in animal models and cell culture. Optical spectroscopy, in vivo and in vitro microscopy studies indicate that optical methods show great promise for the early diagnosis of cancer, and may potentially provide biologically relevant information that could aid in treatment decisions. The features extracted from diffuse reflectance spectra measured in vivo from the hamster cheek ... |
|
| Predictors of Lymphedema Following Breast Cancer Surgery |
SEP 2007 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Karen K. Swenson; PARK NICOLLET INST ST LOUIS PARK MN
|
| Surgery for breast cancer includes removal of the breast tumor along with axillarylymph nodes. Unfortunately, a relatively common side effect following axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is upper-extremity lymphedema. The purpose of this study is to identify risk factors for lymphedema among women with breast cancer surgery. A case-control study was conducted with 94 cases with lymphedema and 94 controls that were frequency matched on type of axillary surgery and ... |
|
| Evaluation of Listeria Monocytogenes Based Vaccines for HER-2/neu in Mouse Transgenic Models of Breast Cancer |
SEP 2007 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Jeff H. Tsai; William M. Lee; PENNSYLVANIA UNIV PHILADELPHIA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| The potential benefits of antiangiogenic therapy have been dramatically shown in mouse tumor models but have been less striking in human clinical trials. A possible explanation for this disparity in treatment outcomes is that the vasculature of human tumors may be more resistant to antiangiogenic therapies. This may be due, at least in part, to extensive pericyte coverage of vessels in many common human cancers, such as breast cancers, compared ... |
|
| Interaction Between Cry61 and avbeta3 in Breast Cancer: Role in Texan Resistance |
SEP 2007 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Ruth Lupu; EVANSTON NORTHWESTERN HEALTHCARE RESEARCH INST IL
|
| The angiogenic factor Cyr61 (also known as CCN1) plays a key role in both the maintenance and the enhancement of a malignant phenotype in breast cancer. Cyr61 is overexpressed in about 30% of triple negative breast carcinomas, whereas Cyr61 expression levels in normal breast tissues are negligible. Our recent studies showed that Cyr61 overexpression renders human breast cancer cells highly resistance to the microtubule-interfering agent paclitaxel (Taxol), a current drug ... |
|
| X Chromosome Inactivation and Breast Cancer: Epigenetic Alteration in Tumor Initiation and Progression |
SEP 2007 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Barbara Panning; CALIFORNIA UNIV SAN FRANCISCO
|
| We tested whether reactivation of the inactive X chromosome in the mouse mammary gland contributes to tumorigenesis in vivo and whether that reactivation of the inactive X can cooperate with the MYC oncogene in tumor progression. We found no evidence for a role of reactivation of the inactive X in tumor initiation or progression. We also examined whether the inactive X was reactivated in a number of different mouse breast ... |
|
| Muscle Contraction Arrests Tumor Growth |
SEP 2007 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Kim C. Westerlind; COLORADO UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER AURORA CO
|
| We examined the hypothesis that a fatigue factor(s) is released by contracting muscle resulting in tumor inhibition. We used extracts from hind leg muscles stimulated (STIM) with moderate intensity to evaluate effects MCF7 and MDA MB 231 cells. The extracts were tested in vitro using 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine incorporation and an apoptosis index based on morphology. STIM extracts increased apoptosis 127% (MCF7) and 190% (MDA MB 231) (p = 0.05) compared to ... |
|
| Seladin-1: A Novel Tumor Suppressor Gene Involved in Breast Cancer? |
01 AUG 2007 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Konstantin I. Galaktionov; BAYLOR COLL OF MEDICINE HOUSTON TX
|
| Seladin-1 maps to the human chromosome region 1p31-1p32 that shows frequent loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in human breast tumors. Publicly available data (Entrez, GEO) also show a significant variability between levels of Seladin-1 expression in breast cancer cell lines and normal breast epithelium. Is Seladin-1 a tumor suppressor on 1p31-1p32 that is involved in breast cancer? Our concept is that it is. In order to determine if Seladin-1 is a ... |
|
| D2 as an Integrator of Oncogenic Stimuli in Breast Cancer |
AUG 2007 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Ruth A. Keri; CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV CLEVELAND OH
|
| This proposal focused on the role of Inhibitor of Differentiation (Id) proteins, which are transcription factors, in mammary gland development and carcinogenesis. Although Id2 regulates mammary gland growth and development and is important for mycinduced transformation of certain cell types, its role in breast cancer has not been thoroughly addressed. We have found that Id2 is upregulated in two mouse models of breast cancer: one that involves hormone-induction of carcinogenesis ... |
|
| Radiopaque, Tumor-Targeted Nanoparticles for Improved Mammographic Detection of Breast Cancer |
AUG 2007 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Gregory P. Adams; INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RESEARCH PHILADELPHIA PA
|
| Despite the widespread use of X-ray mammography for routine breast cancer (BC) screening the technique suffers from a number of major limitations including a false-negative rate of at least 10-15% and a positive predictive value (PPV2) of only 25-40%. Accordingly a large number of patients either do not receive treatment when they should or are subjected to needless physical and emotional trauma. The weakness of X-ray mammography stems from its ... |
|
| Novel Transgenic Mouse Model for Testing the Effect of Circulating IGF-I on Mammary Stem/Progenitor Cell Number and Tumorigenesis |
AUG 2007 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Adrian V. Lee; BAYLOR COLL OF MEDICINE HOUSTON TX
|
| Epidemiological evidence indicates that high levels of circulating IGF-I (within the normal range) predict risk of breast cancer. To examine this experimentally investigators have previously injected mice with IGF-I and shown that this increases mammary cancer incidence and progression. However injection of IGF-I may create non-physiological peaks of IGF-I in the circulation. In this proposal we tested whether transgenic mice (TTR-IGF-I) that had a 30% increase in circulating levels of ... |
|
| In Vivo Molecular Imaging of Mammary Tumorigenesis in Murine Model Systems |
AUG 2007 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Margaret S. Saha; COLLEGE OF WILLIAM AND MARY WILLIAMSBURG VA
|
| The development of accurate diagnostic tools and effective breast cancer treatments requires the ability to detect the presence of pre-cancerous, cancerous, and metastatic tissue and to identify the particular subtype or class of tumor. It is equally imperative to develop the capability of performing a "molecular diagnosis" non-invasively, employing in vivo imaging technologies in order to follow the tumor progression over time. This project entails an interdisciplinary approach which employs ... |
|
| Reversal of Breast Cancer Phenotype to Normal in Vitro by Transposon-Mediated Mutagenesis and Identification of Associated Genetic Changes |
AUG 2007 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Anirban Datta; CALIFORNIA UNIV SAN FRANCISCO
|
| The highly organized architecture of cells in normal epithelial organs such as the mammary glands is lost in cancer cells. Both the normal as well as the neoplastic phenotypes can be recapitulated in 3- dimensional cell cultures in vitro. Our goal was to revert transformed breast cancer cell lines in vitro back to normal and identify the molecular and genetic changes required for this reversal. We have identified the Rho ... |
|
| Non-Invasive Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectral Characterization of Breast Tissue Anomalies Using Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence |
AUG 2007 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Jerry A. Darsey; Diana Lindquist; Dan Buzatu; Ronald Walker; Steven Harms; ARKANSAS UNIV AT LITTLE ROCK
|
| It is highly desirable to develop a non-invasive spectroscopic and pattern recognition technique that can detect and reliably interpret images or spectral data from small volumes of the breast. Due to the pervasive nature of breast cancer in society today, and the consequent need of a highly accurate, early diagnostic tool, this is a very timely proposal that could have a significant impact on women's health. Patient ROtating Delivery of ... |
|
| MicroRNA and Breast Cancer Progression |
AUG 2007 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Konstantin Galaktionov; BAYLOR COLL OF MEDICINE HOUSTON TX
|
| We hypothesized that certain miRNA species are differentially expressed in the normal breast epithelium and breast cancer cells. Our concept was that these miRNAs are involved in breast cancer progression by promoting either loss or alternatively an increase (in case of miRNA downregulation) in specific target mRNA translation or stability. In order to determine if certain miRNAs are involved in breast cancer we proposed to: 1. Identify the changes in ... |
|
| Delphinidin: A Novel Agent for Inhibition of Breast Tumor Kinase Signaling by Targeting EGFR |
AUG 2007 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Farrukh Afaq; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON
|
| Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is expressed at high levels in at least 25% of breast cancers and is associated with poor prognosis. Upon epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulation breast tumor kinase (Brk) is recruited to the EGFR and this event activates the catalytic activity of Brk which in turn phosphorylates paxillin a binding partner and substrate for Brk. The phosphorylation of paxillin promotes the activation of RacI thereby stimulating cell ... |
|
| The Significance of Erythropoietin Receptor (EpoR) Acquisition by Breast Cancer Cells |
AUG 2007 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Laurie Feldman; BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER BOSTON MA
|
| Data from our lab and others indicate that normal breast cells do not express the erythropoietin receptor (EpoR); conversely breast cancer (Ca Br) cells express functional EpoR. Expression of EpoR appears greatest in poorly oxygenated tumor regions and in patients with negative estrogen receptor status a sign of more aggressive disease. Additionally one study demonstrated that the EpoR gene is overexpressed in patients with micrometastatic disease. The differential expression of ... |
|
Reports by Keyword(s)
MAMMARY GLANDS
