| Automatic Metaphase Finding by Inter-Chromosome Extrema Profile Analysis |
25 OCT 2001 |
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| Authors:
Leticia Vega-Alvarado; Jorge Marquez; Gabriel Corkidi; UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTONOMA DE MEXICO CUERNAVACA INST OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
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 | In this paper we report our experiences with a new texture coarseness measure, as a step towards automation of metaphase finding in cell proliferation studies, This measure is highly specific to grey-level inter-chromosome coarseness features in microscopic images of metaphase spreads, and allows to quantity the texture of the cytological objects analysing the intensity profile between chromosome-extrema samples Chromosome fragments produce patterns of pixels at low- resolution, and the local ... |
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| Wrist-Located Pulse Detection Using IR Signals, Activity and Nonlinear Artifact Cancellation |
25 OCT 2001 |
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| Authors:
Philippe Renevey; Rolf Vetter; Jens Krauss; Patrick Celka; Yves Depeursinge; SWISS CENTER FOR ELECTRONICS AND MICROTECHNOLOGY INC NEUCHATEL
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| We present a new integrated device for monitoring heart rate at the wrist using an optical measure. Motion robustness is obtained by using accurate motion reference signals of 3D low noise accelerometers together with dual channel optical sensing. Nonlinear modelling allows to remove the motion contributions in the optical signals and the spatial diversity of the sensors is used to remove reciprocal contributions in the two channels. Finally a statistical ... |
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| Contrast-Based Ultrasonic Blood Flow Measurements Based on Inflow/ Outflow Time Intensities |
25 OCT 2001 |
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| Authors:
Chih-Kuang Yeh; Sheng-Wuei Wang; Pai-Chi Li; NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIV TAIPEI DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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| Ultrasonic contrast specific blood flow measurement techniques offer new opportunities to assess blood flow information based on evaluation of time- intensity curves (TICs). Such curves are measured to estimate concentration of the microbubbles in the blood pool. Based on the indicator-dilution theory, hemodynamic parameters such as the volume flow rate can be directly related to the time constant estimated from the TICs. In this paper, the applicability of the indicator-dilution ... |
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| Segmentation of Clinical Endoscopic Image Based on Homogeneity and Hue |
25 OCT 2001 |
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| Authors:
M. P. Tjoa; S. M. Kirshnan; C. Kugean; P. Wang; R. Doraiswami; NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIV (SINGAPORE)SCHOOL OF ELECTRONIC AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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| A computer-assisted endoscopic analysis is intended and facilitates the diagnosis process. Segmentation of the image is an important step and a novel approach is proposed to segment clinical endoscopic images based on homogeneity and color feature hue. In the first stage, the regions are segmented using a peak-finding algorithm on a 2-D histogram of homogeneity and intensity values. In the second stage, histogram analysis of the color feature hue is ... |
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| Copper Sensor for Unattended Marine Operations IV: Exploration of a Dip Probe Approach Using Nafion 117 Membranes |
31 AUG 2001 |
71 pages |
| Authors:
R. A. Lamontagne; J. W. Foerster; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC CHEMISTRY DIV
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 | This study has shown that: (1) the use of the chemical procedure using BCS (the Standard Method) affords both a total copper and copper: (1) analysis; (2) BCP can be imbedded in Nafion 117 by both small batch laboratory procedures and small scale-up using commercial equipment with very similar results; (3) the chemical procedures for analysis are robust and reproducible; and (4) there is a knowledge base for continuing and ... |
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| Optimum Er Concentration for In situ Doped GaN Visible |
06 AUG 2001 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
D. S. Lee; J. Heikenfeld; A. J. Steckl; U. Hommerich; J. T. Seo; A. Braud; J. Zavada; CINCINNATI UNIV OH NANOELECTRONICS LAB
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| GaN thin films have been doped with varying Er concentrations (0.01 -10 at.%) during molecular-beam- epitaxy growth. As expected, the visible and infrared (IR) emissions, from photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL), are a strong function of Er concentration. We report on the determination of an optimum Er doping level for PL and EL intensity. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy and Rutherford backscattering measurements showed that the Er concentration in GaN increased ... |
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| Spacecraft Charging: Observations and Relationship to Satellite Anomalies |
01 AUG 2001 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
J. F. Fennell; H. C. Koons; J. L. Roeder; J. B. Blake; AEROSPACE CORP EL SEGUNDO CA LAB OPERATIONS
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| Many studies have shown that satellite charging can cause anomalies on spacecraft. The SCATHA (Spacecraft Charging AT High Altitude) satellite was flown to determine the conditions and document the existence of satellite charging. It was instrumented to measure charging and to detect electrostatic discharges that occurred. Discharges were observed and could be characterized as either surface or internal charging related. More recently, observations were made of charging on a high-inclination ... |
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| Convex Watershed-Reservoir Model for Risk Assessment of Spillways and Nonoverflow Dam Monoliths Subjected to Flood Hazard |
AUG 2001 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Luis A. DE Bejar; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS GEOTECHNICAL AND STRUCTURES LAB
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| This investigation introduces a convex model to describe the response of watershed-reservoir-dam systems to water-input events and to build corresponding flood hazard curves in support of evaluations of risk for dam safety. The following conclusions are derived from this investigation: (a) A rational theoretical model has been developed to represent the routing of a water-input event through a watershed-reservoir-dam system and to assess its response in terms of the inflow ... |
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| DETECTION OF MOTION BY STARING FTS SENSORS, |
AUG 2001 |
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| Authors:
RICHARD G. PREST; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
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| (U) THIS PAPER PRESENTS THE RESULTS OF A SIMULATION OF THE MTI PERFORMANCE OF THE HI-STAR SYSTEM. SINCE ACTUAL DATA FROM THE HI-STAR SYSTEM ITSELF WAS NOT AVAILABLE AS OF THE WRITING OF THE PAPER, LWIR DATA CUBES RECORDED BY THE DARK HORSE2 SENSOR IN THE HYDRA EXERCISE WAS USED IN THE SIMULATION. THE PAPER FOCUSES ON A SCENARIO OF THE DETECTION OF A MOVING CAMOUFLAGED VEHICLE IN WHICH THE ... |
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| Modulation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expression by Chemotherapeutic Agents in Breast Cancer Cell Lines |
JUL 2001 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
James N. Welch; GEORGETOWN UNIV WASHINGTON DC MEDICAL CENTER
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| The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a cell-surface protein that relays signals from the extracellular environment into the cell by binding specific polypeptide hormones followed by activation of intracellular signal transduction pathways. Although rarely an oncogene, the ability of EGFR-mediated signaling to generate diverse responses including growth, differentiation, stress response, apoptosis suppression, and altered mobility makes this protein a potentially powerful tumor promoter. The association between higher EGFR expression ... |
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| DNA Methylation Alterations in Breast Cancer |
JUL 2001 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Fumiichiro Yamamoto; BURNHAM INST LA JOLLA CA
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| We have characterized one band that exhibited a conspicuous increase in band intensity in breast cancer NotI-MseI MS-AFLP DNA fingerprints. The band contained a satellite DNA sequence in the pericentromeric regions of chromosomes. We have shown that this intensity change is frequently observed in breast cancer tissues and breast carcinoma cell lines and that it is caused by hypomethylation. |
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| Fort Benjamin Harrison Field Unit 1982 |
JUL 2001 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
B. S. Sterling; L. J. Williams; ARMY RESEARCH INST FOR THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES ALEXANDRIA VA
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| One working paper dealing with cohesion in Army units. This research investigated the dimensions of cohesion, intensity of cohesion and relation of cohesion to soldiers' attitudes and behaviors at squad, platoon, company and battalion levels. Results suggested that cohesion was unidimensional, especially at squad and platoon levels. At company level there was a tendency for the three dimensional model to fit the data while at battalion level neither model provided ... |
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| Correlation System for Security Validation and Verification Using An Encoded Phase Mask |
26 JUN 2001 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
David C. Weber; James D. Trolinger; METROLASER IRVINE CA
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| Verification technologies are needed to confirm the identity of personnel and to validate the authenticity of manufactured products. Rapid advances in computers, printers scanners, and copiers have made it increasingly easy to reproduce security emblems traditionally used for verification and authentication. Even holograms, once considered impenetrable, are now routinely counterfeited using techniques such as holographic contact copying. To circumvent the effectiveness of intensity sensitive devices to copy traditional security emblems, ... |
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| Planar Image Particle Analyzer for Whole Field Spray Applications |
19 JUN 2001 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Cecil Hess; METROLASER IRVINE CA
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| The purpose of this work is to develop a whole field measurement technique that is capable of simultaneously sizing multiple transparent droplets on a plane from scattered light features that are independent of laser beam intensity and obscuration. Light scattered by reflection and refraction from droplets immersed in a laser sheet is recorded holographically to yield the smallest possible probe volume and correspondingly largest number density. Last year we reported ... |
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| Effect of Shallow Water Internal Waves on Ocean Acoustic Striation Patterns |
01 JUN 2001 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel Rouseff; UNIV OF WASHINGTON SEATTLE APPLIED PHYSICS LAB
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| Contour plots of underwater acoustic intensity, mapped in range and frequency, often exhibit striations. It has been claimed that a scalar parameter 'beta', defined in terms of the slope of the striations, is invariant to the details of the acoustic waveguide. In shallow water, the canonical value for beta is one. In the present paper, the waveguide invariant is modeled as a distribution rather than a scalar. The effects of ... |
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| Energetic Electron Generation by Forward Stimulated Raman Scattering Using -.35 and 0.53 Micron Laser Light in a Plasma |
JUN 2001 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Michael A. Ortelli; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| This research investigates the use of high-powered lasers to produce 50-100 keV x-ray sources for applications for programs such as Stockpile Stewardship and nuclear weapons effects testing (NWET). To produce these x-ray sources requires irradiating targets with intense laser light to efficiently generate high-energy electrons. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) of intense laser light produces electron plasma waves, which in turn generate high-energy electrons. To make a high-energy x-ray source, the ... |
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| Active Dynamic Flow Control Studies on Rotor Blades |
JUN 2001 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
W. Geissler; M. Trenker; H. Sobieczky; DEUTSCHES ZENTRUM FUR LUFT-UND RAUMFAHRT E V GOTTINGEN (GERMANY) INSTITUT FUR STROMUNGSMECHANIK
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| Higher Harmonic Control (HHC) and Individual Blade Control (IBC) technologies have reduced noise and vibration levels of rotors considerably. Further improvements are expected with on-blade devices i.e. the rotor blade is active only along a limited spanwise section of high aerodynamic efficiency. On both advancing and retreating sides of side rotor disc local supersonic areas terminated by shock waves play a dominant role with respect to separation (dynamic stall) and ... |
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| The Effect of Exposure to 35,000 ft on Incidence of Altitude Decompression Sickness |
JUN 2001 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
James T. Webb; Andrew A. Pilmanis; Michele D. Fischer; Nandini Kannan; WYLE LABS LIFE SCIENCES AND SERVICES INC SAN ANTONIO TX
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| Exposure to 35,000 ft without preoxygenation, breathing 100% oxygen prior to decompression, can result in severe decompression sickness (DCS). Exercise while decompressed increases the incidence and severity of symptoms. Clarification of the level of activity versus time to symptom onset is needed to refine recommendations for current operations requiring 35,000-ft exposures. Currently, the USAF limits these operations to 30 min following 75 min of preoxygenation. The objective of this study ... |
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| Model and Expansion Based Methods of Detection of Small Masses in Radiographs of Dense Breasts |
JUN 2001 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew F. Laine; COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK
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| This report describes progress made in during the second year of study. Our goal is to detect masses in dense mammograms having a diameter less than 1 cm. The idea of this project is to detect subtle masses by tuning the central frequency and width of a basis function used in an overcomplete expansion. By modeling the shape of a mass through this flexibility we hope to detect small and ... |
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| Robust Detection of Masses in Digitized Mammograms |
JUN 2001 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Lihua Li; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA TAMPA
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| This project is to develop a robust computer aided diagnosis (CAD) system for mass detection with high sensitivity and specificity in digitized mammograms. The research scope in past year is on the study of preprocessing and adaptive strategy of CAD modules. Several major progresses have been made including (a) an image standardization algorithm was developed by applying a series of preprocessing to remove extrinsic signal, extract breast area, and normalize ... |
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| Three-Dimensional Sound Intensity Prediction System |
24 MAY 2001 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Dean A. Pollet; Michael M. Kordich; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
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| A sound intensity prediction system is disclosed that predicts the sound intensity created from a noise event and determines, on a three-dimensional basis taking into account cross winds and a moving noise source, the concentration of acoustic ray end points on land to indicate areas of noise intensification zones and where acoustic rays never touch down to indicate areas of quiet. |
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| Development of an Inverse Ultrasonic Radiative Transfer Technique |
07 MAY 2001 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin D. Smith; NAVAL ACADEMY ANNAPOLIS MD
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| The focus of this research is the development of an inverse ultrasonic radiative transfer technique for materials characterization. The technique characterizes multiple scattering materials by estimating the way a typical scatterer redirects ultrasonic intensity into new directions. The way in which a scatterer redistributes ultrasonic intensity is described by the shape of its phase function. The developed technique relies on the gathering of backscattered ultrasonic intensity for the purpose of ... |
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| Mechanisms and Control of Chaos and Halos in High Power Microwave Tubes |
04 APR 2001 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Chiping Chen; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE PLASMA FUSION CENTER
|
| This report summarizes our research carried out under the auspices of the above referenced grant from July 1, 1997 to June 30, 2000. The goal of this research is to investigate chaos, halos and confinement in beam plasmas in regimes relevant to the development of advanced microwave/millimeter wave sources. An important issue in the design of HPM tubes is how to prevent high- intensity relativistic electron beams from forming halos ... |
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| Anti-Icing Endurance Time Tests of Two Certified SAE Type 1 Aurcraft Deicing Fluids |
APR 2001 |
68 pages |
| Authors:
Kathy Bouchard; Jean-Louis Laforte; Arlene Beisswenger; QUEBEC UNIV CHICOUTIMI
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| This report presents the results of Anti-Icing Endurance Time (AET) tests performed with unsheared samples of two certified SAE Type I aircraft deicing fluids from September 5 to October 15, 1999, at the Anti-Icing Materials International Laboratory (AMIL). Over 100 tests, including 25 calibration and 50 fluid tests, were conducted at various temperatures and icing intensities, under the six environmental conditions addressed in the holdover time (HOT) guidelines published by ... |
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| The Collinear Crack Problem in a Graded Medium |
MAR 2001 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Murat Ozturk; Fazil Erdogan; LEHIGH UNIV BETHLEHEM PA
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| The collinear crack problem in an inhomogeneous orthotropic medium is considered under Mode I plane strain or plane stress loading conditions. It is shown that by introducing certain averaged orthotropy parameters, aside from a scaling parameter the results become only weakly dependent on the orthotropy constants. The main results of the study consist of the stress intensity factors at various crack tips as influenced by the material inhomogeneity parameter and ... |
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| Crack Problems in Graded Coatings |
MAR 2001 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Bora Yildirim; Fazil Erdogan; LEHIGH UNIV BETHLEHEM PA
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| In this report a two-dimensional finite element technique is developed to study various mechanical, thermal and fracture mechanics problems encountered in the failure analysis of thermal barrier coatings. The system considered consists of the substrate, bond coat, thermally grown oxide and the top coat. The fracture problems studied include edge debonding, surface cracking, T-shaped cracks and periodic debond cracks along the bond coat / thermally grown oxide interface. The results ... |
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| Analyzing the Effects of Meteorology on Radar Measured Index of Refraction Structure Parameter |
MAR 2001 |
115 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey W. Budai; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| Forecasting optical turbulence is essential for the Air Force's Airborne Laser program to optimize placement of aircraft. To find bow meteorology affects C(sub n)(sup 2), the intensity of turbulence in the index of refraction, case studies of synoptically interesting times are first chosen. Correlation coefficients are then computed between radar measured C(sub n)(2) and meteorological quantities. The potential for mechanically turbulent activity is looked at. In the analysis of this ... |
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| Application of Mercuric Iodide Detectors to the Monitoring and Evaluation of Stored Special Nuclear Materials |
2001 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
L. van den Berg; A. E. Proctor; K. R. Pohl; CONSTELLATION TECHNOLOGY CORP LARGO FL
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| Mercuric iodide is a very promising material for the monitoring of stored nuclear materials that can be characterized by the energies and relative intensities of the gamma ray spectra that the materials produce. The high density and high average atomic number of mercuric iodide results in higher efficiency than other solid-state detectors such as CdTe, CZTe, CZT or HPGe. In addition, the high resistivity of the material at room temperature ... |
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| Controlling Zebra Mussels, Quagga Mussels, and Biofilm Growth with the Plasma Sparker |
DEC 2000 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER
|
| A plasma sparker has been developed by Sparktec Environmental, Inc., to control zebra mussels (Dreissenapolymorpha) and quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis). The device produces aplasma pulse, which is a physical, nonchemical, nonthermal process that introduces energy directly into an aqueous solution. When the plasma sparker is activated, electrical energy stored by capacitors is released in microseconds between two submersed electrodes. A plasma channel is formed because of this high current/high voltage ... |
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| Tropical Cyclone and Mid-Latitude Characteristics and Physical Mechanisms Contributing to Extratropical Transition in the Western North Pacific |
DEC 2000 |
262 pages |
| Authors:
Peter M. Klein; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This study of extratropical transition (ET) of tropical cyclones (TCs) in the western North Pacific examines 30 cases during 1 June through 31 October 1994-98 using Navy analyses, plus geostationary satellite visible, infrared, water vapor, and microwave imagery. Based on the similarity of all 30 ET cases in satellite imagery, a three-dimensional conceptual model of the transformation stage of ET is proposed to describe how these ET cases evolve into ... |
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| Investigation of Passive Control Devices for Potential Application to a Launch Vehicle Structure to Reduce the Interior Noise Levels During Launch |
14 NOV 2000 |
75 pages |
| Authors:
Colin Hansen; ADELAIDE UNIV (AUSTRALIA) DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| The work discussed in the report is an extension of work undertaken by Dr. Steve Griffin of the Air Force Research Lab at Kirtland AFB, NM, during his participation in an AFOSR Windows on Science program at the University of Adelaide, South Australia in 1998. The previous work involved an investigation of the application of active feedback control of the launch vehicle structural vibration using radiation mode vibration levels as ... |
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| Transonic Buffet of a Supercritical Airfoil |
01 OCT 2000 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
X. Z. Huang; NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF CANADA OTTAWA (ONTARIO) INST FOR AEROSPACE RESEARCH
|
| This investigation was carried out in the Institute for Aerospace Research (IAR) 2D High Reynolds Test Facility (Ref. 1 to Ref. 3 and Fig. 1) to study the buffet characteristics of a supercritical airfoil DGK No. I (Fig. 2). Steady unsteady surface pressure and normal force were measured at various angles of attack and Mach numbers. The statistical properties of the normal force and pressure were carried out by spectral ... |
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| Effect of Endogenous 17B Estradiol on Core Temperature and Skin Blood Flow in Healthy, Eumenorrheic Women: A Report of Three Studies |
OCT 2000 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Margaret A. Kolka; Catherine B. Boulant; Leslie Levine; Lou A. Stephenson; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA
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| These studies were done to describe the pre-ovulatory phase core temperature decrease in healthy, eumenorrheic women as a change in the regulated body temperature set point. In Study 1, subjects walked at a moderate exercise intensity wearing personal protective equipment. In Study 2, the environment mimicked that under the PPE in the first study during cycle exercise when dressed in t-shirts and shorts. In Study 3, ... |
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| An Assessment of the Effects of Four Acoustic Energy Devices on Animal Behavior |
OCT 2000 |
80 pages |
| Authors:
Clifford F. Sherry; Michael C. Cook; G. C. Brown; James R. Jauchem; James H. Merritt; VERIDIAN CORP SAN ANTONIO TX
|
| To determine if narrow-band, high-intensity acoustic energy in the audible frequency range could be used as a non-lethal weapon, four acoustic devices were tested: (a) a compressed-air-driven siren (CADS); (b) a combustion- driven siren (the Dismounted Battlefield Battle Laboratory, or DBBL); (c) an impulsive acoustic device, the Sequential Arc Discharge Acoustic Generator (SADAG); and (d) a complex waveform generator, the Gayl Blaster. The Primate Equilibrium Platform (PEP) is a continuous, ... |
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| Operations Analysis of Fleet Battle Experiments Using the Battlespace Information War Methodology |
OCT 2000 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Donald P. Gaver; Patricia A. Jacobs; Steven E. Pilnick; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA INST FOR JOINT WARFARE ANALYSIS
|
| This report outlines an approach for quantitative operations analysis of aspects of Fleet Battle Experiments (FBEs) using the methodology underlying the Battlespace Information War (BAT/IW) analytical tool. The general approach of this analysis methodology is to focus on a specific experimental initiative from one or more FBEs, such as Time Critical Targeting (TCT). BAT/IW models are then tailored to the experimental situation using actual data obtained from one or more ... |
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| Oral Contraceptives and Bone Health in Female Runners |
OCT 2000 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Jennifer L. Kelsey; STANFORD UNIV CA RYAN LAB
|
| Highly trained female athletes may experience loss of menses, low bone mass, and an increased frequency of stress fractures because of their participation in intense physical activity. Low serum estrogen levels are believed to be a principal cause of the bone loss. If so, re-establishing normal estrogen levels in these women should prevent or retard bone loss and decrease the incidence of stress fractures. This study is a two-year randomized ... |
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| The Surface Crack Problem for a Functionally Graded Coating Bonded to a Homogeneous Layer |
OCT 2000 |
267 pages |
| Authors:
Fazil Erdogan; Matheendra Kasmaklar; LEHIGH UNIV BETHLEHEM PA
|
| In the continuing search for materials which can withstand the grueling requirements of modem day applications, Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs) seem to be a promising alternative to conventional materials. These nonhomogeneous materials offer better interfacial properties by improving bond strength and reducing thermal mismatch. Before putting these materials into application, an important step in the design of FGMs is the stress analysis and fracture characterization. The fracture performance of FGM ... |
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| Upgrade of LLU Proton Synchrotron and Switchyard for Performing Beam Scanning of Large Irregular Targets in Human Patients with Cancer |
OCT 2000 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Richard P. Levy; James M. Slater; LOMA LINDA UNIV CA
|
| Optimal proton radiation treatment of tumors having broad regional- disease patterns of spread places specific design requirements on the synchrotron and switchyard at Loma Linda University Medical Center. The purpose of this project is to perform engineering upgrades to the synchrotron accelerator and switchyard to permit the delivery of therapeutic proton radiation with the essential beam characteristics needed to treat such tumors. The modified design will permit modulation of beam ... |
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| Coherent and Incoherent Phase Retrieval Using Gaussian Beam Modes |
29 SEP 2000 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Creidhe O'Sullivan; Stafford Withington; J. A. Murphy; CAMBRIDGE UNIV (UNITED KINGDOM) CAVENDISH LAB
|
| Phase retrieval techniques are important at terahertz frequencies where it is often difficult to determine the phase of a field directly. In this paper we present a phase retrieval technique based on a Gaussian-Beam formalism. We show how the complex mode coefficients of a coherent field can be determined by fitting to intensity distributions at any two planes. We extend the analysis to incoherent or partially-coherent fields by working in ... |
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| Breast Cancer Screening Using Photonic Technology |
SEP 2000 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Robert R. Alfano; CITY UNIV OF NEW YORK
|
| The research performed during the current reporting period included: (a) time-sliced and spectroscopic two-dimensional (2-D) near-infrared transillumination imaging of normal and cancerous in vitro human breast tissue specimens; (b) derivation of analytical solutions of the Boltzmann radiative transport equation; and (c) development of theoretical formalism and computer algorithm for three-dimensional (3-D) inverse image reconstruction method using back-propagating light. Images recorded with earlier temporal slices of transmitted light were found to ... |
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| Development of Optical Stress Gauges for Use in Shock Wave Experiments |
SEP 2000 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Yogendra M. Gupta; WASHINGTON STATE UNIV PULLMAN DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| Experiments and analyses were carried out to demonstrate the successful development and use of the ruby stress gauges under shock wave loading. The predictive capability of our theoretical model, developed earlier, was established by the good agreement obtained between the calculated and measured R-line shifts for shock wave compression of r-cut samples. The feasibility of using stimulated emission to enhance the signal intensity from shocked ruby crystals was demonstrated. The ... |
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| Evaluation of Optical Sonography TM for Real-Time Breast Imaging and Biopsy Guidance |
AUG 2000 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
George Garlick; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH AND MATERIEL COMMAND FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Significant progress has been made over the last decade to detect and diagnose breast disease using several imaging modalities. However, x-ray, reflective ultrasound and MRI have limitations and fully satisfactory imaging methods have not been identified. Breast imaging is ready for a method using non-ionizing radiation, less compression, and which holds the possibility of detecting lesions within the dense breast and differentiating subtle variations in tissue properties. The purpose of ... |
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| Electro-Optical Measurement of Highly Intense Electric Field With High Frequency |
JUL 2000 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Xiaojun Zeng; Haiqing Chen; HUAZHONG UNIV OF SCIENCE AND TECH WUHAN(CHINA) DEPT OF OPTOELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
|
| The transient electric field of highly intense electromagnetic pulse (EMP) will seriously damage the military and civil installations, so it is significantly important to measure such electric field of EMP with high frequency. This paper describes a fiber-optic sensor for measuring highly intense electric field with high frequency. The sensor consists of a probe of electrooptic(EO) crystal, optic fiber, polarizer, photodetector, processing circuits and single-chip microprocessor. According to Pockels effect, ... |
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| Numerical Analysis of Near-Field Optical Trapping Using Tapered Fiber Probe |
JUL 2000 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Guoping Zhang; Zhongru Zhu; Yanping Li; Ge Xia; Qi Lin; CENTRAL CHINA NORMAL UNIV WAHUN DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| A new scheme for optical trapping is presented in this paper. The method is based on a tapered fiber probe with a tip diameter less than a light wavelength. A three-dimension gradient optical field is formed within the optical near field of the fiber probe, and a particle approaching the fiber probe tip will be trapped. The evanescent electromagnetic field in the vicinity of the fiber tip is calculated by ... |
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| A Novel CMOS Photosensor With a Gate-Body Tied NMOSFET Structure |
JUL 2000 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Youn-Jae Kook; Jae-Hun Jeong; Young-June Park; Hong-Shick Min; SEOUL NATIONAL UNIV (REPUBLIC OF KOREA) SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
|
| A novel CMOS photosensor with a gate-body tied NMOSFET structure realized in the triple well is presented. The photocurrent is amplified by the lateral and vertical BJT action, which results in two different output photocurrents, which can be used for different applications within a pixel. The lateral action results in the drain current with higher sensitivity at low light intensity. And the vertical action results in the collector current with ... |
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| Stress Intensity Factors for Cracks Within and Near to Bondlines in Soft Incompressible Materials |
16 JUN 2000 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
C. W. Smith; K. T. Gloss; D. M. Constantinescu; C. T. Liu; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA SPACE AND MISSILE PROPULSION DIV
|
| Using a polyurethane photoelastic material, thick test specimens of several configurations with bonded end tabs are examined for measuring stress intensity factors (SIFs) for cracks within and near to bondlines in bonded photoelastic models. Effects of specimen height, glued end tabs, bondline and crack size and location are studied and analyzed using a two parameter model for extracting the SIFs and results are compared with cracked, homogeneous model results. |
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| Response of the South China Sea to Tropical Cyclone Ernie 1996 |
15 JUN 2000 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Peter C. Chu; Joseph M. Veneziano; Chenwu Fan; Michael J. Carron; W. T. Liu; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF OCEANOGRAPHY
|
| A moving tropical cyclone is an intense localized source of surface wind stress and wind stress curl that produces a significant response in the ocean environment, especially in the ocean thermal structure, the upper ocean currents, and the sea surface elevation. Such a response has been well identified in the open ocean region, but not in the coastal ocean region. In this study we use the Princeton Ocean Model with ... |
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| Calibration to Determine Pressure and Temperature Sensitivities of a Pressure-Sensitive Paint |
JUN 2000 |
88 pages |
| Authors:
Judith A. Muller; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| In order to obtain quantitative surface pressure measurements of a transonic compressor rotor using pressure sensitive paint (PSP), the temperature dependence of the paint must be taken into consideration. In the present study, a calibration chamber was built and instrumented such that pressure and temperature could be controlled independently. Photodiodes were used to measure the intensity of light emitted by the PSP. An acquisition program was ... |
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| Model and Expansion Based Methods of Detection of Small Masses in Radiographs of Dense Breasts |
JUN 2000 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew F. Laine; COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK
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| This report describes progress made in during the first year of study. Our goal is to detect masses m dense mammograms having a diameter less than 1 Cm. The "idea" of this project is to detect subtle masses by tuning the central frequency and width of a basis function generating overcomplete expansions. By modeling the shape of a mass through this flexibility we hope to detect small and subtle masses ... |
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| Attention Filtering in the Design of Electronic Map Displays: A Comparison of Color-Coding, Intensity Coding, and Decluttering Techniques |
JUN 2000 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Michelle Yeh; Christoper D. Wickens; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN SAVOYAVIATION RESEARCH LAB
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| In a series of experiments, the use of color-coding, intensity coding, and decluttering were compared order to assess their potential benefits for accessing information from electronic map displays. Participants viewed electronic battlefield maps containing five classes of information discriminable by color, intensity, or in the decluttering condition, displayed or removed entirely by a keypress. Participants were asked questions requiring them to focus on objects within a class (i.e., objects presented ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
INTENSITY
