| Mutagenic Potential of Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride (WR 740) in the Mouse Lymphoma Forward Mutation Assay |
OCT 88 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
John W. Harbell; Don W. Korte Jr; LETTERMAN ARMY INST OF RESEARCH PRESIDIO OF SAN FRANCISCO CA
|
 | The mutagenic potential of hydroxylamine HC1 (WR 740) was assessed in the mouse lymphoma thymidine kinase forward mutation assay both with and without metabolic activation by rat livers S-9. In an initial range-finding assay, cells were exposed to test compound concentrations ranging from 5 mg/ml to 0.001 mg/ ml. Cytotoxicity was observed at concentrations above 0.3 mg/ml which precluded cloning of these samples for mutation rate determination. Data from this ... |
|
| Use of Recombinant DNA Techniques for the Production of a More Effective Anthrax Vaccine |
31 AUG 88 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Donald L. Robertson; BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PROVO UT
|
| The overall goal of the present research is to construct safe and effective human anthrax vaccine using recombinant DNA techniques. During the course of this contract, we have isolated and characterized each of the Bacillus anthracis toxin genes. Although the PA (pag) gene was cloned and sequenced by researchers in the Bacteriology Division of USAMRIID, the cloning and characterization of the EF (cya) and LF (lef) genes were performed in ... |
|
| Synthetic Peptide Vaccines for the Control of Arenavirus Infections |
25 AUG 88 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
M. J. Buchmeier; Peter Southern; SCRIPPS CLINIC AND RESEARCH FOUNDATION LA JOLLA CA
|
| Arenaviruses are endemic on both the African and South American continents and represent significant public health hazards. Prophylactic immunization, precise diagnostic methods, and effective treatment protocols are not currently available. We are using genetic cloning methods to develop an effective vaccine against arenaviruses. Developmental studies have been carried out and techniques established with the prototype arenavirus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), and these methods can now be applied for rapid development ... |
|
| Natural Toxins. Characterization, Pharmacology and Therapeutics: Proceedings of the World Congress on Animal, Plant and Microbial Toxins (9th) Held in Stillwater, Oklahoma on 31 July - 5 August 1988 |
AUG 88 |
219 pages |
| Authors:
Charlotte L. Ownby; George V. Odell; OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV STILLWATER
|
| This book: 'Natural Toxins Characterization, Pharmacology and Therapeutics' contains pages presented at the 9th World Congress on Animal, Plant and Microbial Toxins, held in Stillwater, Oklahoma, on August 1988. Partial Contents include: Overview of Toxins; Freshwater Cyanobacteria (blue- green algae) Toxins; Mycotoxins; The Identification, Metabolism and Toxicity Associated with the Macrocyclic Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids; Interactions of Toxins with Ion Channels; The Molecular Pharmacology of Toxins That Modify Voltage- Gated Sodium Channels; ... |
|
| Evolution of Phosphofructokinase |
31 JUL 88 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Robert G. Kemp; UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES/CHICAGO MEDICAL SCHOOL IL DEPT OF BIOLOGICAL C HEMISTRY AND STRUCTURE
|
| Comparative sequence data suggests that mammalian phosphofructokinase (PFK) has evolved from a procaryotic precursors by gene duplication, fusion, and mutation of previous catalytic sites into new regulatory ligand binding sites. We are examining this process by two approaches. First, we are attempting to duplicate these process by recombinant DNA technology. The E. coli pfk gene is being recloned into a convenient plasmid. Using a synthetic oligonucleotide that matches the mammalian ... |
|
| Organization and Expression of Plasmodial Genes Required for Erythrocyte Invasion |
27 JUL 88 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey V. Ravetch; SLOAN-KETTERING INST FOR CANCER RESEARCH NEW YORK
|
| The invasion of erythrocytes and sequestration of infected cells in the microvasculature enables P. falciparum to minimize its interaction with the host, resulting, however in the significant morbidity and mortality of falciparum malaria. The molecular basis for parasite sequestration involves a complex macrostructure elicited on the infected erythrocyte surface called the knob. The interaction of parasite and host proteins to form this structure and the genetic regulation of this structure ... |
|
| Characterization of Marine Bioadhesive Proteins |
01 JUL 88 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Richard A. Laursen; BOSTON UNIV MA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| The objective of this research is to elucidate the amino acid sequences, via gene sequencing, of the adhesive proteins from several species of mussel and of other organisms, with the aim of understanding how these organisms attach themselves to we surfaces. During the past year, we have cloned and sequenced fragments of the adhesive protein genes from three species of mussel. Two classes of protein are now apparent: they are ... |
|
| Conference on Receptor-Based Biosensors (3rd) Held in Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, September 1987 |
JUL 1988 |
|
| Authors:
James J. Valdes; Darrel E. Menking; Mia Paterno; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUNDMD
|
 | Advances in biotechnologies of fermentation and genetic engineering have created the potential for the large-scale production of toxins, creating a new chemical and biological (CB) warfare threat of incredible diversity that existing reconnaissance, detection, and identification methods cannot meet. CB agents owe their extreme toxicity to selective interaction with biological recognition sites known generically as receptors, which are vital for cellular function. A novel, target-oriented strategy has evolved to exploit ... |
|
| Synthesis and Characterization of High Molecular Weight Peptide Polymers and Copolymers Containing L-Dopa Residues |
JUL 88 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
Jon I. Williams; H. R. Bhattacharjee; I. Goldberg; A. J. Salerno; M. D. Swerdloff; ALLIED-SIGNAL INC MORRISTOWN NJ BIOSCIENCES LAB
|
| The sea mussel M. edulis utilizes a polyphenolic protein in its adhesive plaque which contains tandem repeats of variants of a decapeptide sequence. We have chemically synthesized members of several families of peptides (GLUE peptides) related to a decapeptide sequence found in the M. edulis polyphenolic protein and prepared them in high purity for structure-function analyses. Chemical polymerization of model peptides and GLUE peptides using diphenylphosphorylazide (DPPA) activation has provided ... |
|
| Gene Regulation of Methanogenesis from Acetate in the Acetotrophic Methane Producing Archaebacteria |
27 JUN 88 |
|
| Authors:
Robert P. Gunsalus; CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES DEPT OF MICROBIOLOGY
|
| The research objectives of the project were to develop genetic and molecular techniques that will permit the detection, isolation, and cloning of genes that are regulated during acetate catabolism in the Methanosarcina spp. These studies should provide a basis for examining the regulation of acetate utilization by the methanogenic Methanosarcina. We have concentrated on three areas in the two year period of the contract. They are: 1) refining plating techniques ... |
|
| Gene Regulation of Methanogenesis from Acetate in the Acetotrophic Methane-Producing Archaebacteria |
27 JUN 88 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Robert P. Gunsalus; CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES DEPT OF MICROBIOLOGY
|
| The research objectives of the project were to develop genetic and molecular techniques that will permit the detection, isolation, and cloning of genes that are regulated during acetate catabolism in the methanosarcina. These methods should provide a basis for examining the regulation of acetate utilization by the methanogenic Methanosarcina. We have concentrated on three areas in the second year of the contract: 1) refining plating techniques and selecting for auxotrophic ... |
|
| Phlyogenetic Analysis of Marine Picoplankton Using Ribosomal RNA sequences |
20 JUN 88 |
|
| Authors:
INDIANA UNIV AT BLOOMINGTON DEPT OF BIOLOGY
|
| The purpose of the program is to analyze phylogenetically the dominant constituents of marine picoplankton in selected Atlantic and Pacific Oceans oligotrophic sites using 16S ribosomal RNA gene cloning and sequencing procedures. Additional goals are the development of rRNA-based hybridization probes for the phylogenetic analysis of single cells and the continued accumulation of 16S rRna reference sequences. Recent efforts have resulted in the establishment of a recombinant DNA library of ... |
|
| Cloning Sequencing and Structural Manipulation of the Enterotoxin D and E Genes from Staphylococcus aureus |
01 JUN 88 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
John J. Iandolo; KANSAS STATE UNIV MANHATTAN DIV OF BIOLOGY
|
| We cloned the gene for exfoliative toxin A from the chromosome of S. aureus expression vector gamma gtll. The DNA fragment expressing exfoliative toxin A (ETA) was subcloned in E. coli and unlike the etb gene was fully expressed. Both eta and etb were completely sequenced and the coding regions for both toxins were compared. Significant stretches of both DNA and protein sequence similarities were found. We also report the ... |
|
| Firefly Luciferase-Structure and Function |
01 JUN 88 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
W. D. McElroy; CALIFORNIA UNIV SAN DIEGO LA JOLLA
|
| In order to better understand the enzymatic structure and function of firefly luciferase, the cDNA encoding this protein was recently cloned. In this report we present the extension of our earlier work with the cloning of several luciferases from a bioluminescent click beetle (Pyrophorus plagiophthalamus). The luciferases of this beetle produce bioluminescence of different colors. We isolated 13 cDNA clones which were capable of producing luminescence in E. coli of ... |
|
| Biotechnology; Managing the Risks of Field Testing Genetically Engineered Organisms |
JUN 88 |
105 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC RESOURCES COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVE LOPMENT DIV
|
| The Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, House Committee on Energy and Commerce, requested that GAO review the federal risk management of genetically engineered organisms intended for agricultural and health uses in the environment. This report(1)evaluates the scope of regulatory policies applicable to deliberate, small-scale releases,(2)reviews the administrative procedures for implementing these policies, and(3)identifies technical methods available to control and monitor risks posed by field testing. It focuses on agencies directly ... |
|
| Development of Vaccines to Prevent Wound Infectious Due to Anaerobic Bacteria |
26 APR 88 |
|
| Authors:
Dennis L. Kasper; BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL BOSTON MA
|
| Progress on the two major objectives of this contract were made during this year. One lot of capsular polysaccharide of Bacteroides fragilis vaccine was tested for protective capacity in mice and found to function to induce a protective response. One human volunteer was immunized without adverse reactions occurring and the immunogenicity will be assessed. On the second specific aim, major progress was made in producing a specific T cell factor ... |
|
| Development of Vaccines to Prevent Wound Infections Due to Anaerobic Bacteria |
02 APR 88 |
|
| Authors:
Dennis L. Kasper; BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL BOSTON MA
|
| Progress on the two major objectives of this contract were made during this year. One lot of capsular polysaccharide of Bacteroides fragilis vaccine was tested for protective capacity in mice and found to function to induce a protective response. One human volunteer was immunized without adverse reactions occurring and the immunogenicity will be assessed. On the second specific aim, major progress was made in producing a special T cell factor ... |
|
| Cloning Sequencing and Structural Manipulation of the Enterotoxin D and E Genes from Staphylococcus aureus |
29 MAR 88 |
|
| Authors:
John J. Iandolo; KANSAS STATE UNIV MANHATTAN DIV OF BIOLOGY
|
| We identified the gene for exfoliative toxin B as residing on the plasmid pRW001. Transduction and transformational analysis firmly fixed he etb gene, the genes for bacteriocin production and immunity and the gene for cadmium resistance on the plasmid. We then cloned the etb gene and found that it was not expressed in E. coli unless positioned downstream from a gram negative promoter. The toxin produced in E. coli was ... |
|
| Development of Vaccines to Prevent Wound Infections Due to Anaerobic Bacteria |
10 MAR 88 |
|
| Authors:
Dennis L. Kasper; BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL BOSTON MA
|
| Progress on the two major objectives of this contract were made during this year. One lot of capsular polysaccharide of Bacteroides fragilis vaccine was tested for protective capacity in mice and found to function to induce a protective response. One human volunteer was immunized without adverse reactions occurring and the immunogenicity will be assessed. On the second specific aim, major progress was made in producing a specific T cell factor ... |
|
| Studies of Altered Response to Infection Induced by Severe Injury |
01 MAR 88 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Carol L. Miller; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV MEDICAL CENTER WORCESTER
|
| Twenty-six patients have been studied during this contract year, including 14 trauma and 12 burn patients. Of these patients, 2 burn and 4 trauma patients have succumed to fatal sepsis. Patients showed depressed monocyte (MO) plasminogen activator (PA) activity and depressed PHA induced T cell proliferation concomitant with elevated M0 prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, as well as increased tumor necrosis factor (TNF) activity and poor prognosis. A post-trauma shift in ... |
|
| A Heat Shock Operon in Coxiella burnetii Produces a Major Antigen Homologous to a Protein in Both Mycobacteria and Escherichia coli |
MAR 88 |
|
| Authors:
Michael H. Vodkin; Jim C. Williams; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Q fever is caused by a gram-variable and weakly acid-fast-staining obligate intracellular bacterial parasite of eucaryotic cells (16). This bacterium, Coxiella burnetti, is unique among the pathogenic rickettsiae because it replicates in the microbicidal milieu of the phagolysosome, where it carries out a developmental cycle which consists of sporogenic differentiation with both binary and unequal cell division. Humans can be infected after exposure to only one virulent phase I microorganism ... |
|
| Crotoxin: Structural Studies, Mechanism of Action and Cloning of its Gene |
MAR 88 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Ivan I. Kaiser; WYOMING UNIV LARAMIE DEPT OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
|
| The purpose of this project is to (1) gain greater insight into crotoxin and crotoxin homolog structure, in order to provide a better understanding of this class of rattlesnake neurotoxin; (2) develop an in vitro system for examining presynaptic neurotoxin mechanism of action; (3) clone the crotoxin gene as a first step in creating a non-toxic, but immunoreactive crotoxin analog; and (4) explore other possible non-toxic, crotoxin immunogens as potential ... |
|
| Structure and Expression of Genes for Flavivirus Immunogens |
01 FEB 88 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Maurille J. Fournier; Thomas L. Mason; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV AMHERST DEPT OF BIOCHEMISTRY
|
| Progress during the reporting period included: mapping of antibody binding sites for the envelope (E) and non-structural-one (NS1) proteins specified by the Japanese encephalitis (JE) and dengue-one (DEN-1) viruses; positive identification of JE virus coding segments that encode a previously undetected variant of the NS1 protein (larger), the previously undetected ns4 protein and one of the putative polymerase proteins, NS5; and extension of the nucleotide sequence analysis of the JE ... |
|
| Cloning and Characterization of the RecA Gene of Aquaspirillum magnetotacticum |
88 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Amy E. Berson; Debra V. Hudson; Nahid S. Waleh; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA MOLECULAR BIOLOGY DEPT
|
| The recA gene of Aquaspirillum magnetotacticum has been isolated from a genomic library and introduced into a recA mutant strain of Escherichia coli K12. The cloned gene complemented both the recombination and DNA repair deficiency of the host and its protein product promoted the proteolytic cleavage of the LexA protein. A protein whose molecular weight is similar to that of the RecA protein of E. coli was associated with the ... |
|
| Sequence and Analysis of the DNA Encoding Protective Antigen of Bacillus anthracis |
1988 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
S. L. Welkos; J. R. Lowe; F. Eden-McCutchan; M. Vodkin; S. H. Leppla; J. J. Schmidt; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD BACTERIOLOGY DIV
|
| The nucleotide sequence of the protective antigen (PA) gene from Bacillus anthracis and the 5' and 3' flanking sequences were determined. PA is one of three proteins comprising anthrax toxin; and its nucleotide sequence is the first to be reported from B. anthracis. The open reading fram (ORF) is 2319 bp long, of which 2205 bp encode the 735 amino acids of the secreted protein. This region is preceded by ... |
|
| Cloning and Expression of Genes for Dengue Virus Type-2 Encoded-Antigens for Rapid Diagnosis and Vaccine Development |
17 NOV 87 |
53 pages |
| Authors:
Radha K. Padmanabhan; KANSAS UNIV MEDICAL CENTER KANSAS CITY
|
| We carried out DNA sequence analysis of dengue virus type 2 cDNA clones 505, A4, and B2, which were cloned in our laboratory at KUMC. In addition, we sequenced the cDNA clone, pRP2 which was cloned by Dr. Robert Putnak at WRAIR. The pRP2 clone encodes the region from the carboxy terminal region of E glycoprotein to the N- terminal region of NS2A. The sequence data obtained by Maxam-Gilbert method ... |
|
| Materials Biotechnology Symposium Proceedings Held in Natick, Massachusetts on June 23 and 24, 1987 |
05 NOV 87 |
295 pages |
| Authors:
David L. Kaplan; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER MA
|
| The Materials Biotechnology Symposium was held at the U.S. Army Natick Research. The Symposium sessions included were: structure/function relationships for proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids; protein engineering; recombinant DNA; production, processing and analysis of biopolymers; and polymers, pigments and other bio-products. Partial Contents: Conformational Analysis of Polypeptides and Proteins for the Study of Protein Folding, Molecular Recognition, and Molecular Design; Modern NMR Techniques in Structure Analysis of Glycoproteins and Carbohydrates; Lipid-Based ... |
|
| The Electrofusion Mechanism in Erythrocyte Ghost Membranes |
30 OCT 87 |
|
| Authors:
Arthur E. Sowers; JEROME H HOLLAND LAB ROCKVILLE MD
|
| Electrofusion is the method by which two parallel and closespaced biological membranes can be fused into one membrane with an electric field pulse. Results of our experiments indirectly suggest that electropores are either not involved in the fusion mechanism or, if they are, then additional factors and processes are also involved. Results are our experiments directly and clearly suggest not only that electroosmosis takes place in the vicinity of electropores ... |
|
| Development and Evaluation of Adeno-HTLV-III Hybrid Virus and Non- Cytopathic HTLV-III Mutant for Vaccine Use |
28 OCT 87 |
|
| Authors:
Martha T. Lubet; Sandra K. Dusing; BIOTECH RESEARCH LABS INC ROCKVILLE MD
|
| Acquired immunodeficiency disease syndrome (AIDS) was initially recognized as a separate disease in 1981. Results from research groups in France and the United States determined that a previously unknown virus called HIV is the primary aetiological agent of AIDS. Two HIV vaccines, a recombinant Adeno- HIV hybrid virus and a recombinant vaccinia HIV will be tested. The recombinant Adeno-HIV virus is being developed as part of this proposal. The vaccines ... |
|
| New Approaches to Attenuated Hepatitis a Vaccine Development: Cloning and Sequencing of Cell-Culture Adapted Viral cDNA |
13 OCT 87 |
|
| Authors:
Stanley M. Lemon; NORTH CAROLINA UNIV AT CHAPEL HILL
|
| Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a human picornavirus with a worldwide distribution. It poses a considerable threat to military forces of the United States due to its capacity for epidemic spread, and the fact that acute hepatitis A associated with primary infection with HAV is a protracted illness with a prolonged convalescence. No vaccine is currently available for prevention of infection with this medically important virus. Three general approaches to ... |
|
| Cloning and Gene Fusion for a Metalloprotein |
25 SEP 87 |
|
| Authors:
Giuseppe Bertani; JET PROPULSION LAB PASADENA CA
|
| The aim of this work the construction of a bacterial plasmid carrying the genes for a small blue copper protein and for a small enzyme in close proximity, separated by a third genetic element, the loss of which may be easily detected, as an indicator of deletions in the system. Although the first stage objective - cloning of a gene for a blue copper protein - has not been reached ... |
|
| Production and Characterization of Human Monoclonal Antibodies against the Organophosphorus Poison Soman |
15 SEP 87 |
|
| Authors:
Marvin B. Rittenberg; Lesley M. Hallick; Thomas V. Tittle; Max I. Joffee; Frances Makowski; OREGON HEALTH SCIENCES UNIV PORTLAND
|
| The technical objective of this project was to produce human anti- soman antibodies from human lymphocytes in vitro and to develop such antibodies as monoclonal products with high affinity for soman. We attempted to obtain anti-soman-producing cell lines from 49 human tonsil preparations and 19 human spleen preparations with: a. human myeloma fusion partners; b. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV); c. murine ecotropic viruses. Theses methods were ultimately unsuccessful in obtaining stable ... |
|
| Molecular Cloning of Human Gene(s) Directing the Synthesis of Nervous System Cholinesterases |
SEP 87 |
68 pages |
| Authors:
Soreq Hermona; WEIZMANN INST OF SCIENCE REHOVOTH (ISRAEL)
|
| Cholinesterases (ChEs) are highly polymorphic serine hydrolases involved in the termination of neurotransmission in cholinergic synapses and neuromuscular junctions. Both the levels and the molecular forms of ChEs were shown to be modulated during development, denervation and regeneration processes in various species. In order to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying these phenomena in humans, we have used oligodeoxynucleotide probes to isolate full-length cDNA clones coding for human ChE. These clones ... |
|
| Detection of Heat-Stable Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli by Hybridization with an RNA Transcript Probe |
AUG 87 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Oralak Chityothin; Orntipa Sethabutr; Peter Echeverria; David N. Taylor; Usanee Vongsthongsri; ARMED FORCES RESEARCH INST OF MEDICAL SCIENCES APO SAN FRANCISCO 96346
|
| Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is usually identified by testing isolates for enterotoxin production in bioassays or serological tests. Alternatively, ETEC can be identified by detecting the genes encoding these enterotoxins by DNA hybridization, a method which has been particularly useful in detecting ETEC in large numbers of specimens. Heat-stable enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli was identified by nucleotide hybridization with RNA transcripts of the gene encoding heat-stable A-2 enterotoxin. ... |
|
| Synthetic Peptide Vaccines for the Control of Arenavirus Infections |
31 JUL 87 |
|
| Authors:
M. J. Buchmeier; Peter Southern; SCRIPPS CLINIC AND RESEARCH FOUNDATION LA JOLLA CA
|
| Arenaviruses are endemic on both the African and South American continents and represent significant public health hazards. Prophylactic immunization, precise diagnostic methods, and effective treatment protocols are not currently available. We are using genetic cloning methods to develop an effective vaccine against arenaviruses. Developmental studies have been carried out and techniques established with the prototype arenavirus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), and these methods can now be applied for |
|
| Pathogenesis and Genetic Control of Resistance to the Sterne Strain of Bacillus anthracis |
16 JUL 87 |
|
| Authors:
S. L. Welkos; A. M. Friedlander; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| The pathogenesis of lethal infection by the nonencapsulated, toxigenic Sterne strain of Bacillus anthracis and the genetic basis of resistance were characterized in mice. Lethal doses of Sterne spores produced disease in susceptible mice similar to that caused by toxigenic and encapsulated B. anthracis. At the inoculation site, the mice developed an edematous exudate with large concentrations of bacilli and toxin. In the susceptible A/J strain, lethal infection was accompanied ... |
|
| Somanase Project |
01 JUL 87 |
|
| Authors:
Philip Bryan; GENEX CORP GAITHERSBURG MD
|
| Protein engineering approaches have been used in an attempt to change the alkaline protease, subtilisin, into an enzyme catalyzing the degradation of soman. The x-ray crystal structure of soman-inhibited subtilisin was determined to 1.8 angstroms resolution and an R-factor of 0.17. The interactions of soman with the subtilisin active site were studied and used to design specific amino acid changes which facilitate hydrolysis of organophosphate compounds such as soman. Nine ... |
|
| VX/TETRISO Degradation |
01 JUL 1987 |
|
| Authors:
Steve A. Orndorff; GENEX CORP GAITHERSBURG MD
|
| During the past year Genex Corporation has been providing microbial physiology and enzymology research support to the CRDEC and University of Maryland to study putative VX-degrading bacteria selected by enrichment culture. Axenic cultures of bacteria were isolated from mixed cultures obtained from the CRDEC, but no significant VX-degrading activity was detectable. Pure cultures of marine bacteria from the University of Maryland were obtained and found to have hydrolytic activity towards ... |
|
| Regulation of Brain Neuropeptide Secretion by Lymphokines |
01 JUL 87 |
|
| Authors:
Seymour Reichlin; David Scarborough; Charles Dinarello; James Meir; NEW ENGLAND MEDICAL CENTER HOSPITAL BOSTON MASS
|
| Preliminary experiments outlined in the original application suggested that supernatants from mononuclear cell cultures stimulated with staphylococcal antigens or IL-2 could release SRIF from dispersed cortical neurons. Such activated supernatants are known to contain many cytokines, including interleukins-1 (IL-1). We elected to begin the study of this release activity by examining the effects of IL-1 and IL-2 in more detail, using pure products of recombinant DNA origin. Human recombinant interleukin-1-beta ... |
|
| Synthesis of High Molecular Weight Peptide Polymers and Copolymers Containing L-Dope Residues |
JUL 87 |
|
| Authors:
Jon I. Williams; ALLIED-SIGNAL INC MORRISTOWN NJ BIOSCIENCES LAB
|
| The sea mussel M. edulis utilizes a polyphenolic protein in its adhesive plaque which contains tandem repeats of variants of a decapeptide sequence. We have chemically synthesized members of several families of peptides (glue peptides) related to a consensus decapeptide sequence and have established methods for cleaving and purifying significant amounts of each. Chemical polymerization of model peptides using diphenylphosphorylazide activation has concurrently been studied in preparation for polymerization and ... |
|
| Use of Recombinant DNA Techniques for the Production of a More Effective Anthrax Vaccine |
30 JUN 87 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Donald L. Robertson; BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PROVO UT
|
| We report an improved isolation procedure for the preparation of pX01 and pX02 plasmids of B. anthracis. These plasmids have been physically characterized with regard to buoyant density, GC content and size analysis using restriction enzyme digestions. Restriction maps of these DNAs have been generated. pX01 is 175 kbp and pX02 is 95 kbp. The location of the toxin genes, protective antigen (PA), lethal factor (LF) and edema factor (EF), ... |
|
| Alterations in the Pathogenic Properties of Human Pathogens in the Marine Environment |
16 JUN 87 |
|
| Authors:
Rita R. Colwell; D. J. Grimes; C. Somerville; B. A. Ortiz-Conde; Phyllis Brayton; MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK
|
| Human pathogenic bacteria that enter the marine environment became non-culturable, yet remain viable and capable of initiating disease in animal models. Pathogenic properties are retained by viable but non-culturable bacteria, as are the genetic determinants for those properties. Pathogens of the genus Vibro exhibit strong phylogenetic relationship, based on comparisons of 5s ribosomal RNA sequences. One human pathogen, Vibrio vulnificus, contains chitinolytic enzymes arranged in an operon which has been ... |
|
| Flow-Through Cell Cultivation System. |
01 JUN 1987 |
|
| Authors:
Johnathan L. Kiel; DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE WASHINGTON DC
|
| The present invention relates generally to cell incubators, and more specifically to a novel flow-through chamber for exposing cells immobilized on microcarrier beads to precisely controlled temperatures and to radiation. In vitro (outside a living organism) culturing of cells in cell incubators provides material needed for research in pharmacology, physiology, toxicology and radiation effects. Cell incubators also provide an environment for testing the response of living cells to exposure of ... |
|
| Molecular Biology: Conference on Genetic Engineering Techniques (2nd) Held in London (United Kingdom) on 20-21 November 1986 |
27 MAY 87 |
|
| Authors:
Claire F. Zomzely-Neurath; OFFICE OF NAVAL RESEARCH LONDON (ENGLAND)
|
| The topics covered at this conference included the synthesis of foreign products in E. coli, expression of cloned genes in yeast and cultured mammalian cells, the introduction of cloned genes into whole animals and plants, and studies on a number of specific genes which have a significant clinical potential. Presentations on these topics are summarized. Keywords: Molecular biology; Genetics; and Bioengineering. |
|
| European Science Notes. Volume 41, Number 5 |
MAY 87 |
|
| Authors:
C. J. Fox; OFFICE OF NAVAL RESEARCH LONDON (ENGLAND)
|
| ESN is a monthly publication with brief articles on recent developments in European scientific research. Partial contents: Norway's Center for Disaster Psychiatry can institution for the study and treatment of victims of catastrophe; Eukaryotic Chromosome Replication; Conference on Genetic Engineering Techniques; Bioelectrochemical Symposium--Formation and reactions of peroxides in biological systems; Conference on Large-Scale Production of Monoclonal Antibodies; Crystal Growth under Microgravity Conditions; The French Society of Metallurgy; First International Symposium ... |
|
| Molecular Biology of the Extremely Thermophilic Archaebacteria Methanothermus fervidus |
31 MAR 87 |
|
| Authors:
John N. Reeve; OHIO STATE UNIV COLUMBUS DEPT OF MICROBIOLOGY
|
| Techniques and facilities have been developed which allow the growth of Methanothermus fervidus at 90 C using Hydrogen + Carbon dioxide as the substrate for methanogenesis. Six genes which encode tRNAs, and the genes which encode the major catalyst for methane production, methyl coenzyme-M reductase, have been cloned and partially sequenced from the genome of this extremely thermophilic archaebacterium. Sequence comparisons have allowed the identification of regions of genes which ... |
|
| Europe/Latin America Report, Science and Technology |
30 MAR 1987 |
127 pages |
| Authors:
JOINT PUBLICATIONS RESEARCH SERVICE ARLINGTON VA
|
| Europe/Latin America Report, Science and Technology. |
|
| Development of a Gene Cloning System in Methanogens |
27 MAR 87 |
|
| Authors:
David P. Nagle Jr.; M. J. McInerney; D. R. McCarthy; OKLAHOMA UNIV NORMAN DEPT OF BOTANY AND MICROBIOLOGY
|
| Research on the genetics of methane producing archaebacteria is directed at fundamental problems of mutant construction, gene transfer by transformation, and construction of vectors which facilitate gene transfer. From the thermophilic methanogen, Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, a set of mutants was obtained which included strains resistant to antibiotics or antimetabolites. Also, by using a new mutagenesis protocol, formic acid auxotrophs were obtained, whose physiology is of great interest. Genetic transfer via DNA-dependent ... |
|
| Studies on the Pathogenesis of Hepatitis A and Feasibility Studies on a Hepatitis A Vaccine |
14 MAR 87 |
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| Authors:
Elvera Ehrenfeld; Oliver C. Richards; Donald F. Summers; UTAH UNIV SALT LAKE CITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
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| The objectives of this work are to further our knowledge of the pathogenesis of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection in man, and to develop recombinant expression vectors for HAV antigens that can be used to stimulate mucosal immunity. Viral cDNA sequences encoding the viral capsid protein, VP1, have been cloned into several bacterial expression vector plasmids, and in one case, efficient production of a fusion protein containing VP1 sequences has ... |
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| Regulation and Expression of a Key Proteolytic Enzyme in Bacterial Sporulation and Germination |
13 MAR 87 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Peter Setlow; CONNECTICUT UNIV HEALTH CENTER FARMINGTON
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| Highlights of research findings in the past 3 1/2 years are: 1) The gene which we believe codes for the Bacillus megaterium spore protease has been cloned and its sequence is essentially complete; 2) We have generated deletion mutations of B. subtilis which lack genes for the three major small acid-soluble spore proteins (SASP). While all of these mutants grow and sporulate normally, mutations in two of these genes (sspA ... |
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GENETIC ENGINEERING
