| Toward an Integrated Framwork for Data-Efficient Parametric Adaptive Detection |
27 Feb 2012 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Hongbin Li; STEVENS INST OF TECHNOLOGY HOBOKEN NJ
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 | The conjugate-gradient (CG) algorithm is investigated for reduced-rank STAP detection. A family of CG matched filter (CG-MF) is developed by using the k-th iteration of the CG in solving the Wiener-Hopf equation. The performance the CG-MF detectors is examined for two cases. The first involves an arbitrary covariance matrix. It is shown that each CG-MF detector 1) yields the highest output SINR and smallest MSE among all linear solutions in ... |
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| Improvements Needed With Identifying Operating Costs Assessed to the Fleet Readiness Center Southwest |
02 Feb 2012 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
INSPECTOR GENERAL DEPT OF DEFENSE ARLINGTON VA
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| We initiated this audit in response to a Defense Hotline allegation. Initially, our objective was to determine whether Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) correctly assessed surcharges for material shipments to Fleet Readiness Center Southwest (FRCSW); specifically, whether DLA appropriately assessed surcharges for standard orders and hazardous materials that relate to the agency s operating costs. However, DLA Aviation San Diego, California, officials did not use a surcharge to assess their operating ... |
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| Defense Logistics: Improvements Needed to Enhance Oversight of Estimated Long-term Costs for Operating and Supporting Major Weapon Systems |
Feb 2012 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
Cary B Russell; Tom Gosling; Kristine Hassinger; Susannah Hawthorne; Charles Perdue; Janine Prybyla; William M Solis; Erik Wilkins-McKee; GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
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| Requirements for submitting SARs to Congress, including the timing of these reports and the types of information to be included, are established in statute. Under 10 U.S.C. 2432, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to Congress at the end of each fiscal-year quarter a report on current major defense acquisition programs. The statute also requires that the annual SAR include a full life-cycle cost analysis for each major defense acquisition ... |
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| The Masked Sample Covariance Estimator: An Analysis via the Matrix Laplace Transform |
Feb 2012 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Richard Y Chen; Alex Gittens; Joel A Tropp; CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH PASADENA DEPT OF COMPUTING AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
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| Covariance estimation becomes challenging in the regime where the number p of vari- ables outstrips the number n of samples available to construct the estimate. One way to circumvent this problem is to assume that the covariance matrix is nearly sparse and to focus on estimating only the signi cant entries. To analyze this approach, Levina and Vershynin (2011) introduce a formalism called masked covariance estimation, where each entry of ... |
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| Pliant Micro Membrane-Wing Tip Vorticity Estimation Using Strain Sensitive Active Materials |
Feb 2012 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Roberto Albertani; OREGON STATE UNIV CORVALLIS SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL INDUSTRIAL AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING (MIME)
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| A mathematical correlation between wing-membrane discrete strains, wing lift and tip vorticity intensity, with simplified assumptions, was formulated and demonstrated. Wing circulation and lift estimation from tip vorticity, obtained via PIV measurements correlated qualitatively well with sting balance data from wind tunnel tests. The elastic pliant wing membrane shape under aerodynamic loads was estimated using a discrete number of strain information simulating patches of strain sensitive sensors on the surface ... |
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| A New Error Bound for Reduced Basis Approximation of Parabolic Partial Differential Equations |
26 Jan 2012 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Karsten Urban; Anthony T Patera; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
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| We consider a space-time variational formulation for linear parabolic partial differential equations. We introduce an associated Petrov-Galerkin truth finite element discretization with favorable discrete inf-sup constant beta delta: beta delta is unity for the heat equation; beta delta grows only linearly in time for non-coercive (but asymptotically stable) convection operators. The latter in turn permits effective long-time a posteriori error bounds for reduced basis approximations in sharp contrast to classical ... |
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| A Multi-Scale Structural Health Monitoring Approach for Damage Detection, Diagnosis and Prognosis in Aerospace Structures |
20 Jan 2012 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Jennifer E Michaels; Laurence J Jacobs; Massimo Ruzzene; GEORGIA TECH RESEARCH INST ATLANTA
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| This project has developed multi-scale methods for structural health monitoring to better understand, analyze and quantify the progression of damage at multiple length scales. Benchmark experiments were performed to relate nonlinearity measured with ultrasonic Lamb waves to plastic strain and fatigue life. Theory was developed and validated to predict second harmonic generation for specific mode/frequency pairs. A suite of advanced imaging methods was developed and demonstrated for detecting, locating and ... |
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| Methodology Report for H2SModel |
Jan 2012 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
D Oldson; D Crary; B Asgharian; S Watson; G McClellan; APPLIED RESEARCH ASSOCIATES INC ARLINGTON VA
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| Hydrogen sulfide is similar in pathophysiology to cyanide in that it binds to mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase. By blocking oxidative respiration at the cellular level its effects are most evident in tissues with high metabolic demand such as the central nervous system, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems. The onset of signs and symptoms is rapid. Hydrogen sulfide also has local irritant effects, particularly upon the nose and membranes of the upper respiratory ... |
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| Assessing the Benefits of U.S. Customs and Border Protection Regulatory Actions to Reduce Terrorism Risks |
Jan 2012 |
105 pages |
| Authors:
Victoria A Greenfield; Henry H Willis; Tom Latourrette; RAND CORP ARLINGTON VA HOMELAND SECURITY AND DEFENSE CENTER
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| Executive Order (E.O.) 12866, as supplemented by E.O. 13563, requires federal agencies to evaluate the benefits, costs, and other impacts of major regulations prior to promulgation. For regulations intended to confer benefits under circumstances of extreme uncertainty, such as commonly arise in the context of homeland security, this requirement has proven especially challenging. To assist U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), a key component of the U.S. Department of Homeland ... |
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| A DDDAS Framework for Volcanic Ash Propagation and Hazard Analysis |
Jan 2012 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
A Patra; M Bursik; J Dehn; M Jones; M Pavolonis; E B Pitman; T Singh; P Singla; P Webley; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO DEPT OF MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
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| In this paper we will present early work on using a DDDAS based approach to the construction of probabilistic estimates of volcanic ash transport and dispersal. Our primary modeling tools will be a combination of a plume eruption model BENT and the ash transport model PUFF. Data from satellite imagery, observation of vent parameters and windfields will drive our simulations. We will use uncertainty quantification methodology ? polynomial chaos quadrature ... |
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| Swift Foxes and Ideal Free Distribution: Relative Influence of Vegetation and Rodent Prey Base on Swift Fox Survival, Density, and Home Range Size |
Jan 2012 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Craig M Thompson; Eric M Gese; UTAH STATE UNIV LOGAN DEPT OF WILDLAND RESOURCES
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| Swift foxes (Vulpes velox) are an endemic mesocarnivore of North America subject to resource and predation-based pressures. While swift fox demographics have been documented, there is little information on the importance of top-down versus bottom-up pressures or the effect of landscape heterogeneity. Using a consumable resource-based ideal free distributionmodel as a conceptual framework, we isolated the effects of resource-based habitat selection on fox population ecology. We hypothesized if swift fox ... |
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| A New Strategy to Reduce Allelic Bias in RNA-Seq Readmapping |
Jan 2012 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Ravi V Satya; Nela Zavaljevski; Jaques Reifman; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH AND MATERIEL COMMAND FORT DETRICK MD TELEMEDICINE AND ADVANCED TECH RESEARCH CENTER
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| Accurate estimation of expression levels from RNA-Seq data entails precise mapping of the sequence reads to a reference genome. Because the standard reference genome contains only one allele at any given locus, reads overlapping polymorphic loci that carry a non-reference allele are at least one mismatch away from the reference and hence, are less likely to be mapped. This bias in read mapping leads to inaccurate estimates of allele-specific expression ... |
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| SRI's Approach to Multimodal Sensing of Stress for Stress Resiliency Training |
Jan 2012 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Ajay Divakaran; Jeffrey Lubin; Joe Ferraro; SRI INTERNATIONAL SARNOFF CORP PRINCETON NJ
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| During this reporting period, we refined the magnitude estimation approach in the facial response measurement software and implemented a median filter based technique for establishing the neutral face in extended live recordings of spontaneous reactions. We now describe each of these in more detail. |
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| Multi-output Local Gaussian Process Regression: Applications to Uncertainty Quantification |
07 Dec 2011 |
63 pages |
| Authors:
Ilias Bilionis; Nicholas Zabaras; CORNELL UNIV ITHACA NY MATERIALS PROCESS DESIGN AND CONTROL LABORATORY (MPDC)
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| We develop an efficient, Bayesian Uncertainty Quantification framework us- ing a novel treed Gaussian process model. The tree is adaptively constructed using information conveyed by the observed data about the length scales of the underlying process. On each leaf of the tree, we utilize Bayesian Experimental Design techniques in order to learn a multi-output Gaussian process. The constructed surrogate can provide analytical point estimates, as well as error bars, for ... |
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| Analysis of Historical Materiel Return Program (MRP) Credits at the 1st Marine Logistics Group Reparable Issue Point (RIP) |
Dec 2011 |
113 pages |
| Authors:
Edward M Caricato; John D Draper; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| Materiel Returns Program (MRP) credits have increased 1st Marine Logistics Group's (1st MLG) total obligation authority by an average of 27% annually since 2008. However, 1st MLG has been unable to leverage the MRP in budget execution due to an inability to forecast future credits. The purpose of this research is to determine whether analysis of historical MRP credits at 1st MLG could enable the comptroller to forecast future credits, ... |
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| Interval Estimation Using Replication/Deletion and MSER Truncation |
Dec 2011 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Paul J Sanchez; Jr White K P; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
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| This paper addresses the construction of a consistent interval estimator for the steady-state mean within a replication/deletion framework for output analysis when MSER truncation is applied. Because the MSER truncation point is a random variable, the truncated output sequences for each replication typically are un-equal in length. A weighting scheme is applied to the replication means to correct for unequal sample sizes, as is standard in ANOVA. A numerical example ... |
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| Molecular Evolution of Human PON to Design Enhanced Catalytic Efficiency for Hydrolysis of Nerve Agents |
Dec 2011 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Dan Tawfik; Joel L Sussman; WEIZMANN INST OF SCIENCE REHOVOT (ISRAEL)
|
| Project Summary: A technology was developed to identify proteins capable of intercepting both existing and emerging organophosphate-based chemical warfare nerve agents (CWNA). The 5 years of performance under this project have demonstrated the potential of directed evolution, combining random and designed mutations based on 3D structures, to generate mutants of a recombinant mammalian PON1 (rePON1) with catalytic proficiency well above that of the wild type (wt)1-3. We have evolved mutants ... |
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| Optimal Preventive Maintenance Schedule based on Lifecycle Cost and Time-Dependent Reliability |
10 Nov 2011 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Zissimos P Mourelatos; Jing Li; Amandeep Singh; ARMY TANK AUTOMOTIVE RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WARREN MI
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| Reliability is an important engineering requirement for consistently delivering acceptable product performance through time. It also affects the scheduling for preventive maintenance. Reliability usually degrades with time increasing therefore, the lifecycle cost due to more frequent failures which result in increased warranty costs, costly repairs and loss of market share. In a lifecycle cost based design, we must account for product quality and preventive maintenance using time-dependent reliability. Quality is ... |
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| Analysis of Historical Materiel Return Program (MRP) Credits at the 1st Marine Logistics Group Reparable Issue Point (RIP) |
05 Nov 2011 |
116 pages |
| Authors:
Edward M Caricato; John D Draper; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC POLICY
|
| Materiel Returns Program (MRP) credits have increased 1st Marine Logistics Group's (1st MLG) total obligation authority by an average of 27% annually since 2008. However, 1st MLG has been unable to leverage the MRP in budget execution due to an inability to forecast future credits. The purpose of this research is to determine whether analysis of historical MRP credits at 1st MLG could enable the comptroller to forecast future credits ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 18, Number 11, November 2011 |
Nov 2011 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Francis L O'Donnell; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| In July 2011, the U.S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine (USAFSAM) Epidemiology Consult Service investigated an ongoing outbreak of acute gastrointestinal (GI) illness characterized by vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, and stomach cramps that affected cadets and support personnel at a field training location at the U.S. Air Force Academy. Six outbreak-related stool specimens were confirmed by RT-PCR to be infected with norovirus, genogroup I. Overall, 290 cases (suspected and confirmed) ... |
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| Observational Estimates of the Horizontal Eddy Diffusivity and Mixing Length in the Low-Level Region of Intense Hurricanes |
Nov 2011 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Jun A Zhang; Michael T Montgomery; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF METEOROLOGY
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| This study examines further the characteristics of turbulent flow in the low-level region of intense hurricanes using in-situ aircraft observations. The data analyzed here are the flight-level data collected by research aircraft that penetrated the eyewalls of Category 5 Hurricane Hugo (1989), Category 4 Hurricane Allen (1980) and Category 5 Hurricane David (1979) between 1 km and the sea surface. Estimates of horizontal eddy momentum flux, horizontal eddy diffusivity and ... |
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| Physiologic Waveform Analysis for Early Detection of Hemorrhage during Transport and Higher Echelon Medical Care of Combat Casualties |
Nov 2011 |
101 pages |
| Authors:
Ramakrishna Mukkamala; MICHIGAN STATE UNIV EAST LANSING
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| Early detection of hemorrhage is crucial for managing combat casualties. However, mean arterial blood pressure (ABP) and other vital signs are late indicators of a bleed. By contrast, cardiac stroke volume (SV), cardiac end-diastolic volume (EDV), and autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity can provide timely warning of blood volume loss. However, existing methods for their measurement are invasive and/or require a point-of-care operator. On the other hand, a peripheral ABP ... |
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| Data-driven Techniques to Estimate Parameters in the Homogenized Energy Model for Shape Memory Alloys |
Nov 2011 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
John H Crews; Ralph C Smith; Kyle M Pender; Jennifer C Hannen; Gregory D Buckner; NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV AT RALEIGH DEPT OF MATHEMATICS
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| The homogenized energy model (HEM) is a uni ed framework for modeling hysteresis in ferroelectric ferromagnetic, and ferroelastic materials. The HEM framework combines energy analysis at the lattice level with stochastic homogenization techniques, based on the assumption that quantities such as inter- action and coercive fields are manifestations of underlying densities, to construct macroscopic material models. In this paper, we focus on the homogenized energy model for shape memory alloys ... |
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| Remote Sensing for Inland Water Quality Monitoring: A U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Perspective |
Oct 2011 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Molly Reif; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| Many agencies, including the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, are responsible for ensuring that national water quality standards are met. The Corps manages and monitors water quality of all waters within Corps jurisdictions outlined in Water Quality Management Plans, including traditional field sampling (water, sediment, and biological) and measurement of physical parameters. However, these traditional approaches can be labor-intensive and expensive, often providing discrete data at a single point in ... |
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| MMRP Guidance Document for Soil Sampling of Energetics and Metals |
Oct 2011 |
124 pages |
| Authors:
Susan Taylor; Thomas F Jenkins; Hugh Rieck; Susan Bigl; Alan D Hewitt; Marianne E Walsh; Michael R Walsh; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB
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| This manual gives guidance on how to collect and process soil samples to quantify explosives, propellants, and metals from nonoperational ranges under remedial investigation. This document outlines how to estimate the average concentration of energetic compounds and metals in soils and determine the error in the estimated concentration. Since this guidance is for a remedial investigation, we assume that the Site Investigation has identified areas that need further study. |
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| Measurement Bias and Effect Restoration in Causal Inference |
Oct 2011 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Manabu Kuroki; Judea Pearl; CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
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| This paper highlights several areas where graphical techniques can be harnessed to address the problem of measurement errors in causal inference. In particular, the paper discusses the control of partially observable confounders in parametric and non parametric models and the computational problem of obtaining bias-free effect estimates in such models. |
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| Combat Risk and Pay: Theory and Some Evidence |
Oct 2011 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
Curtis J Simon; Shirley H Liu; Saul Pleeter; Stanley A Horowitz; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| Because U.S. military personnel currently receive $225 Hostile Fire Pay/Imminent Danger Pay (HFP/IDP) per month for serving in a combat zone, independent of the level of combat risk, servicemembers who face low levels of risk may be overcompensated. However, because overall compensation must be sufficient to attract volunteers who undertake high levels of risk, it is appropriate to examine the relationship between combat risk and total cash compensation. Using data ... |
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| State-Space Analysis Of Model Error: A Probabilistic Parameter Estimation Framework With Spatial Analysis Of Variance |
30 Sep 2011 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Joshua P Hacker; Cari G Kaufman; James Hansen; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF METEOROLOGY
|
| An over-arching goal in prediction science is to objectively improve numerical models of nature. Meeting that goal requires objective quantification of deficiencies in our models. The structural differences between a numerical model and a true system are difficult to ascertain in the presence of multiple sources of error. Numerical weather prediction (NWP) is subject to temporally and spatially varying error, resulting from both imperfect atmospheric models and the chaotic growth ... |
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| Estimation of Temporally Evolving Typhoon Winds and Waves from Synthetic Aperture Radar |
30 Sep 2011 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
David Walker; SRI INTERNATIONAL ANN ARBOR MI
|
| The long term goal is to develop a methodology for using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data to improve characterization of the winds and waves generated by typhoons in the western Pacific Ocean. The objective is to develop a variational inversion algorithm based on the SWAN model to estimate the near-surface typhoon wind field from SAR data. |
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| Estimation of Salt and Fresh Water Transports in the Bay of Bengal |
30 Sep 2011 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Subrahmanyam Bulusu; SOUTH CAROLINA UNIV COLUMBIA
|
| The importance of Indian Ocean circulation dynamics to regional and global weather is increasingly recognized due to improved ocean observations in the last few decades. Observational and modeling efforts are directed towards understanding the impact of intraseasonal variability and interannual variability on monsoon variability. A key component to better understanding these interactions is understanding salt transport within a dynamic freshwater flux environment. Freshwater influx leads to intense salinity stratification in ... |
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| Efficient Non-Hydrostatic Modeling of Rotational, Turbulent, Dispersive, and Variable-Density Flows in the Vicinity of River Mouths and Inlets |
30 Sep 2011 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Patrick J Lynett; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
|
| The long-range goal of this project is to develop a physics framework, and an associated numerical tool, which provides relatively rapid, phase-resolving predictions of wavy environments in the presence of strong currents and vertical stratification. The benefit of this approach, as contrasted with existing models, is that here we are able to more completely represent the nonlinear wave field, without using coarse statistical approximations, and can include the non-hydrostatic physics ... |
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| Efficient Inversion in Underwater Acoustics with Iterative and Sequential Bayesian Methods |
30 Sep 2011 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Zoi-Heleni Michalopoulou; NEW JERSEY INST OF TECH NEWARK DEPT OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
|
| LONG TERM GOALS: The long term goal of this project is to develop efficient inversion algorithms for successful geoacoustic parameter estimation and source localization, exploiting (fully or partially) the physics of the propagation medium. Algorithms are designed for geoacoustic inversion via the extraction features of the acoustic field. OBJECTIVES: Achieve accurate and computationally efficient geoacoustic inversion and source localization by designing estimation schemes that combine acoustic field modeling and statistical ... |
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| Office of Naval Research Graduate Traineeship Award in Ocean Acoustics for Ankita Deepak Jain |
30 Sep 2011 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Nicholas C Makris; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
| OBJECTIVES A primary goal of this research is to model biological clutter in the continental shelf environments of the ocean. We aim to do this by modeling scattered returns from fish shoals in continental shelf environments using a full field matched filter approach as well as its single frequency approximation. This will help in characterizing clutter and will help distinguish scattered fields of moving targets from stationary background reverberation and ... |
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| Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Bromide Ionic Liquid (Preprint) |
14 Sep 2011 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Steven D Chambreau; Jerry A Boatz; Ghanshyam L Vaghjiani; Christine Koh; Oleg Kostko; Amir Golan; Daniel Strasser; Stephen R Leone; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| In order to better understand the volatilization process for ionic liquids, the vapor evolved from heating the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide was analyzed via tunable vacuum ultraviolet photoionization time of flight mass spectrometry (VUV-PI-TOFMS) and thermal gravimetric analysis mass spectrometry (TGA-MS). For this ionic liquid, the experimental results preclude the possible vaporization of intact ion-pairs or the formation of carbenes, but instead indicate the evolution of alkyl bromides and alkylimidazoles, ... |
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| Achievability of Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds by Multi-Frame Blind Deconvolution Algorithms, Part 2: PSF Estimation |
Sep 2011 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Charles L Matson; Jr Beckner Charles C; Michael Flanagan; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB KIRTLAND AFB NM DIRECTED ENERGY DIRECTORATE
|
| Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRB) theory can be used to calculate an algorithm-independent lower bound to the variance of any unbiased estimate of an unknown parameter. The theory also applies to joint estimation of multiple unknown parameters, to functions of estimates, and to estimates that have known bias gradients. CRBs are guaranteed to be lower bounds, but may not be achievable in practice. In particular, it is well known that algorithms ... |
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| Benefits of a Geosynchronous Orbit (GEO) Observation Point for Orbit Determination |
Sep 2011 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Ray Byrne; Michael Griesmeyer; Ron Schmidt; Jeff Shaddix; Dave Bodette; SANDIA NATIONAL LABS ALBUQUERQUE NM
|
| Determining orbits of unknown objects is a fundamental space situational awareness activity. The U.S. Space Surveillance Network (SSN) currently relies on ground-based radars, optical telescopes, and the Space Based Space Surveillance (SBSS) System. The SBSS system overcomes many of the pitfalls of optical ground-based systems like limited observation times (e.g. weather and time of day) and measurement uncertainty from atmospheric effects. However, the SBSS satellite is in a low earth ... |
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| Affordable Emerging Computer Hardware for Neuromorphic Computing Applications |
Sep 2011 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Morgan Bishop; Michael J Moore; Daniel J Burns; Robinson E Pino; Richard Linderman; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB ROME NY INFORMATION DIRECTORATE
|
| We are pursuing an investigation of neuromorphic computational models and architectures in order to leverage present understanding of how the estimated 1011 neurons and 1015 neuron connections in the mammalian brain are able to do some of the things a human does, and as quickly as it does it, using slow base components, while consuming very little power on affordable synthetic non-biological computing hardware. Understanding and harvesting neurologically based methods ... |
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| Evaluation of LIDAR for Automating Recognition of Roads and Trails Beneath Forest Canopy |
Sep 2011 |
114 pages |
| Authors:
Steven L Muha; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis discusses the utility of evaluating Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) to automate the recognition of roads and trails beneath forest canopy on Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) for use in military and forestry applications. Data were analyzed from three separate locations, including low elevation mixed conifer Indian Creek Watershed in Trinity County, CA; High elevation mixed conifer Cold Creek Trailhead area in South Lake Tahoe, CA; and lowland mesic ... |
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| Integration of Control Algorithms for Quadrotor UAV's Using an Indoor Sensor Environment |
Sep 2011 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Bryan D Watts; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis develops an architecture that facilitates the design and indoor testing of control algorithms implemented onboard quadrotor UAV's using an ultra-wideband (UWB) indoor positioning solution from Ubisense. Initially, details are provided on basic quadrotor dynamics, the setup of the indoor sensor environment, and the communication scheme. A thorough analysis is conducted on the accuracy and estimation lag of Ubisense UWB sensors for providing indoor position information to the quadrotor. ... |
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| T-Cell Immunotherapies for Treating Breast Cancer |
Sep 2011 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Laurence Cooper; M D ANDERSON CANCER CENTER HOUSTON TX
|
| Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among U.S. women (approximately 28% or more than 1 in 4) with approximately 1 in 8 women expected to develop this malignancy over the course of her lifetime. In 2010, there are an estimated 207,000 newly diagnosed cases of invasive breast cancer resulting in about 39,800 deaths in the United States, a mortality rate higher than all other malignancies, except lung cancer. ... |
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| Non-Linear Seismic Velocity Estimation from Multiple Waveform Functionals and Formal Assessment of Constraints |
Sep 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Mrinal K Sen; Jay Pulliam; Utpal Dutta; Ranjana Ghosh; Rob J Mellors; Michael E Pasyanos; TEXAS UNIV AT AUSTIN
|
| Our goal is to develop optimal procedures for the use of multiple datasets. Due to the inherent variability, inconsistency, and peculiarities of disparate datasets and the well-known nonlinearity and non-uniqueness associated with geophysical modeling, such procedures must include methods for evaluating the performance and contribution of each dataset to the final results. We use quantitative assessment tools and a formal Bayesian approach to explore and evaluate each step of the ... |
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| Seismic Attenuation, Event Discrimination, Magnitude and Yield Estimation, and Capability Analysis |
Sep 2011 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Michael E Pasyanos; William R Walter; Eric M Matzel; Rengin Gok; Douglas A Dodge; Sean R Ford; Arthur J Rodgers; LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LAB CA
|
| We present the latest results on Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's calibration efforts for seismic attenuation of regional body and surface waves that have application to many different areas of nuclear explosion monitoring. We have developed methods that use amplitude measurements of the direct regional phases (Pn, Pg, Sn Lg) to determine the attenuation structure of the lithosphere in Eurasia. The amplitudes are inverted simultaneously for attenuation parameters (Qp, Qs) of ... |
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| Models for Broad Area Event Identification and Yield Estimation: Multiple Coda Types |
Sep 2011 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
W S Phillips; Hans E Hartse; George E Randall; Richard J Stead; Michael L Begnaud; Dale N Anderson; LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LAB NM
|
| Models of laterally varying attenuation and site effects of regional phases and their codas are necessary to correct regional amplitudes to reveal source effects of importance to identification and yield estimation procedures. We accomplish this using 2-D amplitude tomography, incorporating absolute spectral estimates based on precise ratio techniques and moment tensor results. The spectral constraints allow calibration to absolute levels, and can be used to validate amplitude prediction models. Constraints ... |
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| Using Confidence Intervals to Assess the Reliability of Instantaneous Heart Rate and Respiratory Rate |
Sep 2011 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Xiaoxiao Chen; Liangyou Chen; Andrew T Reisner; Jaques Reifman; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH AND MATERIEL COMMAND FORT DETRICK MD TELEMEDICINE AND ADVANCED TECH RESEARCH CENTER
|
| Physiological waveform signals collected from unstructured environments are noisy, requiring automated algorithms to assess the reliability of the derived vital signs, such as heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR), before they can be used for automated decision support. We recently proposed a weighted regularized least squares method to estimate instantaneous HR (HRR), which readily provides analytically based confidence intervals (CIs). Accordingly, this method can be extended to the estimation ... |
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| Estimation of Ocean and Seabed Parameters and Processes Using Low Frequency Acoustic Signals |
Sep 2011 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
James H Miller; Gopu R Potty; RHODE ISLAND UNIV NARRAGANSETT DEPT OF OCEAN ENGINEERING
|
| The long term goals of our research are to: 1. Understand, model and exploit the acoustic propagation physics in shallow water in the presence of ocean fronts and internal waves. This goal conforms to the major theme of the Shallow Water 06 experiment i.e. 3-D acoustic effects. The effects of oceanographic variability such as frontal meander, and internal solitary waves on 3-D acoustic reflection and refraction will be investigated. 2. ... |
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| Quantifying Geoacoustic Uncertainty and Seabed Variability for Propagation Uncertainty |
Sep 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Jan Dettmer; Stan E Dosso; Charles W Holland; VICTORIA UNIV (BRITISH COLUMBIA) SCHOOL OF EARTH AND OCEAN SCIENCES
|
| LONG-TERM GOALS: Propagation and reverberation of acoustic fields in shallow waters depend strongly on the spatial variability of seabed geoacoustic parameters, and lack of knowledge of seabed variability is often a limiting factor in acoustic modeling applications. However, direct sampling (e.g., coring) of vertical and lateral variability is expensive and laborious, and matched-field and other long-range inversion methods fail to provide sufficient resolution. The long-term goal of this work is ... |
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| Efficient Acoustic Uncertainty Estimation for Transmission Loss Calculations |
Sep 2011 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin R James; David R Dowling; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
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| LONG-TERM GOALS: The overall long-term goal for this project is to enhance the Navy's predictive capabilities in uncertain ocean environments. This project is a collaboration with Dr. Robert Zingarelli at the Naval Research Laboratory - Stennis Space Center (NRL-SSC). The primary focus of this project is enhancing the accuracy and utility of the existing uncertainty band algorithm (uBand) for predicting transmission loss uncertainty in a wide variety of ocean environments. ... |
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| Clutter Cancellation Limits of Adaptive Processing Applied to Coherent Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Ground Moving Target Indication |
31 Aug 2011 |
72 pages |
| Authors:
L L Horowitz; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH LEXINGTON LINCOLN LAB
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| Coherent, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) extensions to radar systems offer a number of performance advantages over more conventional approaches. For ground moving target indication (GMTI), the benefits can include lower minimum detectable velocity (MDV) and more accurate target direction estimation. In part, these benefits are afforded by the superior clutter cancellation offered by the long, filled virtual array that MIMO can yield, while using relatively few physical antenna elements. In addition, ... |
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| Software Estimation: Developing an Accurate, Reliable Method |
AUG 2011 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
BOB SINCLAIR; Chris Rickets; Brad Hodgins; NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER WEAPONS DIV CHINA LAKE CA
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| From a management perspective, it is essential that software estimates used in a TSP launch are as accurate as possible. Significant growth due to estimation inaccuracy can wreak havoc on a team attempting to stay within cost and schedule while executing its established plan. This article discusses how a software team that uses both proxy-based and size-based estimates is able to accurately plan, launch, and execute on schedule. |
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| The Role of elF4E Activity in Breast Cancer |
Aug 2011 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas Hughes; LEEDS UNIV (UNITED KINGDOM)
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| Increased expression of eIF4E occurs in breast cancers and contributes to carcinogenesis by stimulating expression of cancer-related genes. However, eIF4E activity is a function of activating and inhibitory influences determined by expression and phosphorylation of eIF4E and eIF4E-binding proteins (4E-BPs). Rapamycin and everolimus are potential cancer drugs that target eIF4E indirectly by modifying 4E-BP function. Our hypothesis was that combined analyses of eIF4E and 4E-BPs would allow insights into eIF4E ... |
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