| Freeform Extrusion of High Solids Loading Ceramic Slurries. Part 2. Extrusion Process Control (Preprint) |
JUL 2006 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Michael S. Mason; Tieshu Huang; Robert G. Landers; Ming C. Leu; Gregory E. Hilmas; MISSOURI UNIV-ROLLA DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
 | Part I of this paper provided a detailed description of a novel fabrication machine for high solids loading ceramic slurry extrusion processes and presented an empirical model of the ceramic extrusion process, viewing ram velocity as the input and extrusion force as the output. A constant extrusion force is desirable as it correlates with a constant material deposition rate and, thus, good part quality. The experimental results used to construct ... |
|
| Effects of Conjugation in Length and Dimension on Spectroscopic Properties of Fluorene-Based Chromophores from Experiment and Theory (Preprint) |
JUL 2006 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Loon-Seng Tao; Paul A. Fleitz; Ruth Pachter; Kiet A. Nguyen; Joy E. Rogers; Jonathan E. Slagle; Paul N. Day; Ramamurthi Kannan; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SURVIVABILITY AND SENSOR MATERIALS DIV/HARDENED MATERIALS
|
| A series of one-photon (OPA) absorption spectra for fluorine-based donor pi acceptor molecules is presented and spectroscopically assigned, based upon the results obtained from time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The computed excitation energies were generally shown to be in good agreement with experiment, particularly when compared to results from measurements carried out in a nonpolar solvent, which were available for some molecules. The computed oscillator strengths may resolve discordant experimental ... |
|
| Evolution of the Ion Velocity Distribution in the Near Field of a 200 W Hall Thruster (Preprint) |
JUL 2006 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Jr. Hargus William A.; Michael R. Nakles; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| This work presents an analysis of near plume velocity distributions of the Busek BHT-200-X3 200 W laboratory Hall thruster derived from laser-induced fluorescence measurements of the 5d[4]7/2-6p[3]5/2 xenon ion excited state transition. The evolution of the axial and radial velocity distributions is presented from the exit plane to approximately 0.7 exit diameters downstream. It is shown that the distributions evolve significantly between the exit channel center and the inner portion ... |
|
| Comparison of Hall Thruster Plume Expansion Model with Experimental Data (Preprint) |
JUL 2006 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Carrie S. Niemela; Shannon Y. Cheng; Lubos Brieda; Michael Nakles; Jared Ekholm; Jr. Hargus William; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| Numerical modeling of the expansion of electric thruster plumes provides direct means for predicting spacecraft surface contamination and erosion due to plume ions. A software package named COLISEUM that is capable of self-consistently modeling plasma propagation and interactions with arbitrary 3-D surfaces is being developed by a national team of researchers. Despite much research and development in modeling plume expansion, it is necessary to continuously validate these codes using laboratory ... |
|
| Comparison of Numerical and Experimental Near-Field Plasma Properties of the BHT-200-X3 Hall Thruster (Preprint) |
JUL 2006 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Garrett D. Reed; William A. Hargus; Douglas B. VanGilder; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| Near-field ion velocity distributions of a BusekBHT-200-X3 xenon Hall thruster obtained through numerical simulation are compared with laser-induced fluorescence measurements taken for one nominal operating condition. The numerical code Hybrid-PIC Hall, a 2D hybrid particle-in-cell model, is used to simulate an axisymmetric cross section of the plasma acceleration zone. A set of nine HP Hall simulations are run using three different cathode positions and Bohm electron mobility coefficients to study ... |
|
| FE-BI Analysis of a Leaky-Wave Antenna With Resistive Sheet Termination (Postprint) |
JUL 2006 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Leo Kempel; Steve Schneider; Joshua Radcliffe; Dan Janning; Gary Thiele; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SENSORS DIRECTORATE
|
| Printed leaky-wave antennas offer the potential for a low-profile, wide-bandwidth antenna element that can be arrayed if desired. Microstrip leaky-wave antennas rely on the suppression of the familiar EH0 mode and the propagation of the radiating EH1 mode. It is well-known that above a critical frequency, this leaky-wave will propagate with little attenuation and that the phase difference between the two radiating edges of the microstrip leads to radiation. However, ... |
|
| The Design and Analysis of Pediatric Vaccine Formularies: Theory and Practice |
22 JUN 2006 |
153 pages |
| Authors:
Shane N. Hall; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA-CHAMAPIGN
|
| Vaccination against infectious disease is hailed as one of the greatest public health achievements. However, the United States Recommended Childhood Immunization Schedule is becoming increasingly complex, often requiring numerous separate injections in a single pediatric visit. To address the issue of vaccine delivery complexity, vaccine manufacturers have developed combination vaccines that immunize against several diseases in a single injection. These combination vaccines are creating challenges such as how these vaccines ... |
|
| The Nez Perce Flight to Canada: An Analysis of the Nez Perce-US Cavalry Conflicts: Applying Historical Lessons Learned to Modern Counterinsurgency and Global War on Terrorism Operations |
16 JUN 2006 |
82 pages |
| Authors:
Scott E. Pfau; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| This study details the Nez Perce's struggle and offers a historical case study for unconventional warfare. This study proposes to answer the questions: Why did the US Army fail to achieve decisive victory over the Nez Perce in 1877; and What lessons can be taken from this historical case and applied to today's wars. Considering the history of unconventional warfare in the United States, specifically the Indian Wars, it is ... |
|
| A Comparison Study of F-15C Fighter Squadron Ready Aircrew Program Flying Hour Scheduling vs. the Rand Corporation's Flying Hour Scheduling Linear Program |
13 JUN 2006 |
71 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher P. Levy; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| This research compares and contrasts the Flying Hour model created by the RAND corporation with the Ready Aircrew Program (RAP) model from Air Combat Command. The RAP model was designed to generate an annual flying hour program that specifies the minimum number of sorties required to stay tactically safe. The RAND model was designed to provide fighter pilots with 13 sorties per month, a number determined from surveys of combat ... |
|
| The Effects of Liberalizing World Agricultural Trade: A Review of Modeling Studies |
JUN 2006 |
116 pages |
| Authors:
Bruce Arnold; CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE (U S CONGRESS) WASHINGTON DC
|
| A major issue on the agenda of the ongoing Doha Round of multilateral negotiations by members of the World Trade Organization concerns how and to what extent policies that affect agricultural trade should be liberalized. For most of the postwar period, the series of multilateral negotiating rounds under the auspices of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade allowed policies that distort agricultural trade to continue in large part while ... |
|
| Effects-Based Operations versus Systemic Operational Design: Is There a Difference? |
JUN 2006 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
Patrick E. McGlade; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| Joint and Air Force doctrinal discussions, at least concerning planning of operations, has recently centered on Effects-Based Operations (EBO). Increasingly there is dissatisfaction with EBO, particularly from the U.S. Army and Marine Corps. As an alternative to EBO, some in the military are advocating the adoption of an Israeli planning concept Systemic Operational Design (SOD). After close examination of EBO and SOD, it becomes apparent that SOD is more like ... |
|
| Using Ancillary Zero Trend Levels as a Means to Elucidate Microwave Sounding Unit Derived Tropospheric Temperature Trends Methods |
JUN 2006 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Robb M. Randall; Benjamin M. Herman; ARIZONA UNIV TUCSON INST OF ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS
|
| Accurate assessment of temperature trends in the atmosphere is an important tool in our understanding of climate change. Currently there are three databases derived from satellite based Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) radiance measurements. The three separate databases produce different results in the middle troposphere (termed MT) temperature trends, with two of the databases producing lower troposphere (termed LT) trends with differing results, introducing uncertainty which prevents the community from deriving ... |
|
| Performance Comparison between Rough and Smooth-Cast Blades in a Low-Speed Multistage Compressor |
JUN 2006 |
123 pages |
| Authors:
Rebecca A. Manry; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| A performance comparison between smooth-cast and rough-cast blades was conducted in a lowspeed multistage compressor. The purpose was to show that rough-cast blades can be used for initial performance tests of low-speed compressors. A baseline performance was established with smooth-cast epoxy blades and then compared to rough-cast aluminum blades. The pressure-rise coefficient versus flow coefficient and velocity triangles were used as the measure for comparison between the different blade types. ... |
|
| Comparative U.S.-Israeli Homeland Security |
JUN 2006 |
124 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey A. Larsen; Tasha L. Pravecek; USAF COUNTERPROLIFERATION CENTER MAXWELL AFB AL
|
| This report examines the premise that there are lessons from Israeli experience that might enhance the United States' homeland security efforts. The research for this study included a literature review and field interviews with American and Israeli leaders in Washington, D.C., and Israel during the summer of 2005. The report addresses the common and unique threats facing each state and related homeland security issues and policies. It begins with the ... |
|
| Hybrid Metaheuristic Planning and Military Decision-Making: Commonalities between Theory and Practice |
JUN 2006 |
|
| Authors:
J. L. de Jong; Tim J. Grant; NETHERLANDS DEFENCE ACADEMY BREDA
|
 | The paper compares the state of the art in two different problem areas: artificial intelligence (AI) theory and the practice of military planning. In particular, hybrid metaheuristic scheduling and the operational decision-making process are compared. Although very different in nature, they share a striking number of commonalities resulting from their focus on real-world problems. This paper proposes ways in which each field could benefit from the other. |
|
| Tactile Guidance for Land Navigation |
JUN 2006 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Linda R. Elliot; Elizabeth S. Redden; Rodger A. Pettitt; Christian B. Carstens; Jan van Erp; Maaike Duistermaat; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| This study compared a tactile land navigation system to two operational systems with visual information displays. Front end workload and task analyses identified land navigation as having high and conflicting workload. The tactile display was expected to ameliorate the high visual and cognitive workload per Multiple Resource Theory (Wickens, 2002). Fifteen infantry Soldiers navigated three equivalent 1800-meter routes using each of three systems: the personal tactile navigator (PTN) tactile system; ... |
|
| Immersive Simulation to Train Urban Infantry Combat |
JUN 2006 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
James N. Templeman; Linda E. Sibert; Robert C. Page; Patricia S. Denbrook; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DIV
|
| The key component in developing an effective virtual infantry training simulator is the user interface. Our goal is to develop interfaces that give users close to the same ability to move and coordinate actions as they have in the real world. We have developed two interfaces. Gaiter is a highly realistic body-driven interface in which the user walks in place to walk through the virtual world. With Gaiter, the user ... |
|
| An Anticipatory Environment Framework |
JUN 2006 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Steve P. Colenzo; William E. McKeever; Chad C. DeStefano; Duane A. Gilmour; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB ROME NY INFORMATION DIRECTORATE
|
| In today's volatile world, it is necessary to provide decision makers with every advantage when dealing with a dynamic and changing adversary. Decision makers require a capability that would enable them to anticipate and shape the battlespace, i.e. an anticipatory environment (AE). This capability would lead to more proactive, vice reactive, decision making in future military missions. An AE proof of concept framework has been developed that encompasses the first ... |
|
| Effects-Based Course of Action: Analysis and Comparison |
JUN 2006 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Bill McKeever; Chad DeStefano; Stephen Colenzo; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB ROME NY INFORMATION DIRECTORATE
|
| AGENDA: (1) Anticipatory Environments Technical Area (2) Technology Limitations (3) Required Capabilities (4) Questions. |
|
| Study of Equatorial Ionospheric Irregularities with ROCSAT-1/IPEI Data for Assessment of Impacts of Communication/Navigation System (IV) |
31 MAY 2006 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Chao H. Liu; Shin-Yi Su; NATIONAL CENTRAL UNIV CHUNG-LI (TAIWAN) INST OF SPACE SCIENCE
|
| Two major topics are studied during the first year of the two-year (2005-2007) project. The first one is the comparative study of radiowave scintillation simulations carried out with two different approaches at two different institutions: The numerical simulation with the elliptical wave equation carried out by NCU versus the numerical solution of the thin phase-screen model carried out by AFRL/VSBXI. Although AFRL/VSBXI has sent us detailed density irregularity profile at ... |
|
| Numerical Simulation of a Thrust Augmented Rocket Nozzle |
30 MAY 2006 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Roger L. Davis; Melvin J. Bulman; Clement Yam; AEROJET SACRAMENTO CA
|
| Numerical results are presented from a reacting-flow Navier-Stokes simulation of a rocket nozzle in which fuel is injected downstream of the nozzle throat for the purposes of augmenting the thrust. The numerical results are compared with experimental data in terms of overall thrust and specific impulse as well as pressure distribution along the nozzle wall. The flow physics associated with the thrust augmentation is also described. The investigation shows that ... |
|
| Mitigating the Need for a Logistic Pause |
25 MAY 2006 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Jason A. Carrico; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITARY STUDIES
|
| The United States has now invaded Iraq on two separate occasions. They both occurred on nearly the same terrain with similar equipment, and both fought against Iraqi forces under the leadership of Saddam Hussein. The first invasion occurred in 1991 during Operation Desert Storm (ODS), which had the objective of liberating Kuwait from Iraqi forces. The second invasion occurred in 2003 during Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), which had the objective ... |
|
| Concentrating on the Enemy: The Transformation Under-Fire of Former Regime Militias into Post-Conflict Guerrillas |
25 MAY 2006 |
93 pages |
| Authors:
Charles A. Western; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITARY STUDIES
|
| This monograph examines the transition of the Iraqi Saddam Fedayeen militia into a guerrilla organization in an attempt to discern methods that might be used against the Niruyeh Moghavemat Basij (Mobilisation Resistance Force) militia in the event of a war with Iran. The author uses Dr. Joe Strange's method of identifying the "center of gravity" and consequent critical vulnerabilities overlaying a System of Systems Analysis (SoSA) framework. By evaluating the ... |
|
| Systemic Operational Design: Epistemological Bumpf or the Way Ahead for Operational Design? |
25 MAY 2006 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
L. C. Dalton; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITARY STUDIES
|
| Operational design is an intellectual exercise that draws on the creative vision, experience, intuition, and judgment of commanders to provide a framework for the development of detailed operational plans. Recently, a number of authors have questioned the continued relevance of the Classic Elements of Operational Design (CEOD) approach in the Contemporary Operating Environment (COE), suggesting that Armed Forces may be facing a "crisis in operational design." This monograph explores this ... |
|
| Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Education Issues and Legislative Options |
22 MAY 2006 |
|
| Authors:
Jeffrey J. Kuenzi; Christine M. Matthews; Bonnie F. Mangan; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| There is growing concern that the United States is not preparing a sufficient number of students, teachers, and practitioners in the areas of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). A large majority of secondary school students fail to reach proficiency in math and science, and many are taught by teachers lacking adequate subject-matter knowledge. When compared to other nations, the math and science achievement of U.S. pupils and the rate ... |
|
| The U.S. Military and NGO Relationship during Post-Conflict Humanitarian Emergency Operations: How Can the U.S. Military Improve It? |
16 MAY 2006 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Roy L. Allgauer; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
|
| With the end of the Cold War in 1991 and the U.S.-Soviet struggle that provided support for marginally governed states, there has been an explosion of state fragmentations and failures across the globe. Given these conditions, it is highly likely that the U.S. military and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) will find themselves working in closer proximity than ever before, while responding to humanitarian emergencies and post-conflict operations. Though the military and ... |
|
| Evolution of the Ion Velocity Distribution in the Near Field of the BHT-200-X3 Hall Thruster |
15 MAY 2006 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Jr. Hargus William A.; Michael R. Nakles; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| This work presents an analysis of near plume velocity distributions of the Busek BHT-200-X3 200 W laboratory Hall thruster derived from laser-induced fluorescence measurements of the 5d[4]7/2-6p[3]5/2 xenon ion excited state transition. The evolution of the axial and radial velocity distributions is presented from the exit plane to approximately 0.7 exit diameters downstream. It is shown that the distributions evolve significantly between the exit channel center and the inner portion ... |
|
| GPS versus Galileo: Balancing for Position in Space |
MAY 2006 |
89 pages |
| Authors:
Scott W. Beidleman; AIR UNIV MAXWELL AFB AL CENTER FOR AEROSPACE DOCTRINE RESEARCH AND EDUCATION
|
| This study investigates Europe's motives to develop the independent satellite navigation system known as Galileo despite the existence of America's successful global positioning system (GPS). The study begins by analyzing both systems to familiarize the reader with global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and to provide an understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of GPS and Galileo, as well as the systems similarities and differences. Although the two systems have different ... |
|
| Very Low NF, High DR Heterodyne RF Lightwave Links Using a Simple, Versatile Photonic Integration Technology |
MAY 2006 |
175 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen R. Forrest; PRINCETON UNIV NJ SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND APPLIED SCIENCE
|
| The program goals were to demonstrate ultra-low noise RF links, and to demonstrate several key integrated optoelectronic components employing a versatile asymmetric twin waveguide technology. All objectives set forth in the proposal were either met or exceeded. These achievements included: Demonstration of a versatile integration technology based on the asymmetric twin waveguide platform that allowed for the realization of a broad range of components useful in RF photonic components. This ... |
|
| Lubrication Performance of Ionic Liquids Under Low Load Applications: Small Scale Interfaces (Preprint) |
MAY 2006 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Jose L. Nainaparampil; Kalathil C. Eapen; Andrey Voevodin; Jeffrey S. Zabinski; Jeffrey H. Sanders; UES INC DAYTON OH
|
| Ionic liquids (ILs) have myriad potential uses as low vapor pressure solvents, catalysts and conducting liquids. Approximately one trillion room temperature ILs are possible if we include all mixtures. Due to this large number, the selection of a particular IL for a specific application is very difficult. Certain ILs with long alkyl chains have been shown to exhibit lubricious characteristics under macro testing conditions. A method is described here that ... |
|
| A Comparison of Optical and SEM BSE Imaging Techniques for Quantifying Alpha-Beta Titanium Alloy Microstructures (Preprint) |
MAY 2006 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Jonathan Miller; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
|
| Quantitative metallography is often used to confirm the proper processing of aerospace metallic materials. A microstructural feature of great importance for titanium alloys processed in the alpha-beta phase field is the volume fraction of primary alpha. Standard methods of measuring delineated featured within a microstructure have been established previous, such as ASTM E-112 for grain size and ASTM E-562 for fraction of secondary phase. An accepted standard, however, for imaging ... |
|
| A Same-Scale Comparison of Electromagnetic Launchers |
May-2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas G Engel; Jesse M Neri; William C Nunnally; MISSOURI UNIV-COLUMBIA
|
| A same-scale comparison of conventional railguns, augmented railguns, and helical launchers is presented and discussed. While the ideal launcher is always 100% efficient, practical launchers have an efficiency which is a function of the projectile velocity and a new parameter called the characteristic velocity. The characteristic velocity is the velocity needed for 50% maximum efficiency. The motivation for a same-scale comparison is an accounting for the velocity-dependent efficiency effect. The ... |
|
| A Comparison of the Deformation Flow and Failure of Two Tungsten Heavy Alloys in Ballistic Impacts |
MAY 2006 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Brian E. Schuster; Bryan P. Peterson; Lee S. Magness; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| Ballistic tests were conducted with sub-scale long rod penetrators of two different processing conditions of the same tungsten heavy alloy. The liquid-phase sintered composite of 90% tungsten-9% nickel-1% cobalt (by weight) was tested in its low strength, as-sintered and heat-treated condition, and in a high strength, 50% cold-worked (by swaging) and aged condition. Small, but consistent, differences in the ballistic performances of the two lots of penetrators were observed in ... |
|
| Results From an International Measurement Round Robin of III-V Triple-Junction Solar Cells Under Air Mass Zero |
MAY 2006 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Phillip Jenkins; David Scheiman; Chris Goodbody; Carsten Baur; Paul Sharps; Mitsuru Imaizumi; Henry Yoo; Ted Sahlstrom; Robert Walters; Justin Lorentzen; OHIO AEROSPACE INST BROOKPARK
|
| This paper reports the results of an international measurement round robin of monolithic, triple-junction, GaInP/GaAs/Ge space solar cells. Eight laboratories representing national labs, solar cell vendors and space solar cell consumers, measured cells using in-house reference cells and compared those results to measurements made where each lab used the same set of reference cells. The results show that most of the discrepancy between laboratories is likely due to the quality ... |
|
| Planning Model Based on Projection Methodology (PM2) |
MAY 2006 |
53 pages |
| Authors:
Paul M. Ellner; J. B. Hall; ARMY MATERIEL SYSTEMS ANALYSIS ACTIVITY ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| There are a number of benefits associated with the new planning model. PM2 is unique in comparison to other reliability growth planning models in that it utilizes planning parameters that are directly influenced by program management. Some of these parameters include: the initial system MTBF; the fraction of the initial failure rate addressable via corrective action (referred to as management strategy); the goal system MTBF; the average fix effectiveness of ... |
|
| Transverse Laser Patterns: Quantitative Validation of the Order Parameter Equation |
28 APR 2006 |
|
| Authors:
Carlos Martel; UNIVERSIDAD POLITECNICA DE MADRID (SPAIN)
|
| This report results from a contract tasking Universidad Politecnica of Madrid as follows: The proposed research work will be carried out in 3 steps: (I) Derivation of the order parameter equation from the MB equations using multiple scales techniques. (II) Numerical codes for the integration of the MB and OSH equations. IIa) Development of a numerical code for the efficient computation of the solutions of the time-dependent MB equations in ... |
|
| Structural Health Monitoring of an Aircraft Panel Using Continuous AE Sensor (Preprint) |
APR 2006 |
|
| Authors:
Mannur J. Sundaresan; Gangadhararao Grandhi; Francis Nkruman; NORTH CAROLINA AGRICULTURE AND TECHNICAL STATE UNIV GREENSBORO DEPT OF MECHANICAL AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
|
| Fatigue crack growth during the service of aging aircrafts has become an important issue and the monitoring of such cracks in hot spots is desirable. A structural health monitoring sensor system that uses acoustic emission technique for monitoring safety of such structures is described in this report. A "continuous sensor" formed by connecting multiple sensor nodes in series arrangement to form a single channel sensor is proposed to monitor acoustic ... |
|
| Outcomes by Ethnicity: Sentinel Lymph Node Status in Women with Breast Cancer |
APR 2006 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Mary A. Hassett; Kelly K. Hunt; Khandan Keyomarsi; M D ANDERSON CANCER CENTER HOUSTON TX
|
| It is well known by researchers that breast cancer incidence and outcomes (disease-free survival and overall survival) vary widely in women of different racial and ethnic backgrounds. Differences in health-seeking behaviors, socioeconomic disparities, cultural influences, stage at diagnosis, estrogen receptor status, treatment, and tumor biology are all possible factors that could impact breast cancer outcomes for women of different racial and ethnic groups. What is not known is whether race ... |
|
| Prostate Cancer Mortality and Herbicide Exposure in Vietnam Veterans |
Apr 2006 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Steven D Spellman; COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK
|
| AIMS. The association between exposure to military herbicides and subsequent death from prostate cancer was investigated in a cohort of approx. 100,000 Vietnam veterans who applied to the Agent Orange Veteran Payment Program (AOVPP), 1985-1994. Exposure opportunity was assessed via a geographical information system (GIS) and herbicide and troop location databases previously developed by the investigators. Cause of death was ascertained via National Death Index (NDI) searches. Epidemiological analyses include ... |
|
| U.S. Occupation Assistance: Iraq, Germany and Japan Compared |
23 MAR 2006 |
|
| Authors:
Nina Serafino; Curt Tarnoff; Dick K. Nanto; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| This report provides aggregate data on U.S. assistance to Iraq and compares it with U.S. assistance to Germany and Japan during the 7 years following World War II. U.S. aid allocations (all grant assistance) for Iraq appropriated from 2003 to 2006 total $28.9 billion. About $17.6 billion (62%) went for economic and political reconstruction assistance. The remaining $10.9 billion (38%) was targeted at bolstering Iraqi security. A higher proportion of ... |
|
| Reporting from Qatar, this is Al-Jazeera |
15 MAR 2006 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Steven P. Carney; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| Since the arrival of Al-Jazeera in late 1996, western style news programming such as the British Broadcasting Corporation and U.S. Cable News Network has fallen out of favor with Arabs on the street because it does not appeal or speak to their cultural sensitivities. The satellite news station, Al-Jazeera, is the choice news outlet for nearly 40 million people residing in the Arab world, particularly since the service is free ... |
|
| The Congressional Charter of the American National Red Cross: Overview, History, and Analysis |
15 MAR 2006 |
|
| Authors:
Kevin R. Kosar; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| In recent months, Congress has begun to review the performance and management of the American National Red Cross (ANRC). This review has been prompted, in part, by questions regarding the performance of the ANRC in response to Hurricane Katrina. The performance of any not-for-profit corporation is affected by many variables, such as its governance, resources, by-laws, quality of personnel, and its partnerships with other entities. This report examines just one ... |
|
| Protein Structure Prediction Using String Kernels |
03 MAR 2006 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Huzefa Rangwala; Kevin DeRonne; George Karypis; MINNESOTA UNIV MINNEAPOLIS DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| With recent advances in large-scale sequencing technologies, there has been an exponential growth in protein sequence information. Currently, the ability to produce sequence information far out-paces the rate at which one can produce structural and functional information. Consequently, researchers increasingly rely on computational techniques to extract useful information from known structures contained in large databases, though such approaches remain incomplete. As such, unraveling the relationship between pure sequence information and ... |
|
| Bushwackers and Terrorists: Combatant Status Policy in the Civil War and Global War on Terror |
01 MAR 2006 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffery S. Bateman; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The presidential decisions made in the difficult days following 9/11 reflected a resolute determination on the part of the Bush Administration to pursue an elusive foe, an enemy unlike any the United States had faced as a nation before. One of these decision was to treat Taliban and Al-Qaeda fighters captured during Global War on Terror (GWOT) operations as illegal combatants, thus not legally entitled to the protections afforded by ... |
|
| A Comparison of Main Rotor Smoothing Adjustments Using Linear and Neural Network Algorithms |
MAR 2006 |
146 pages |
| Authors:
Nathan A. Miller; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH DEPT OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS
|
| Helicopter main rotor smoothing is a maintenance procedure that is routinely performed to minimize airframe vibrations induced by non-uniform mass and/or aerodynamic distributions in the main rotor system. This important task is both time consuming and expensive, so improvements to the process have long been sought. Traditionally, vibrations have been minimized by calculating adjustments based on an assumed linear relationship between adjustments and vibration response. In recent years, artificial neural ... |
|
| A Comparative Usability and End-User Satisfaction Analysis of Two Geographic Information System (GIS) Applications |
MAR 2006 |
109 pages |
| Authors:
Mark E. Barner; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| The Air Force has recognized that organizations across Air Force installations often require geospatial information resources or maps to accomplish mission essential tasks. To provide an AF-wide approach to addressing this need, in 2001, the Headquarters Air Force Geo Integration Office formed the USAF GeoBase program. GeoBase is the name given to the Air Force's GIS program. As GeoBase has been implemented across the Air Force, there have been no ... |
|
| Uncertainty Estimation for Target Detection System Discrimination and Confidence Performance Metrics |
MAR 2006 |
253 pages |
| Authors:
David R. Parker; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| This research uses a Bayesian framework to develop probability densities for target detection system performance metrics. The metrics include the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the confidence error generation (CEG) curve. The ROC curve is a discrimination metric that quantifies how well a detection system separates targets and non-targets, and the CEG curve indicates how well the detection system estimates its own confidence. The degree of uncertainty in these ... |
|
| Buying a Better Air Force |
MAR 2006 |
57 pages |
| Authors:
Jenny C. Herald; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to capture the United States Government's revealed preference for air superiority using the hedonic pricing approach (HPA), and (2) to compare the characteristics of U.S. Air Force (USAF) fighter aircraft with those of the former Soviet Union to evaluate the effectiveness of the USAF fleet. The resulting analysis showed that the U.S. Government is paying for physical and performance characteristics such as ... |
|
| A Comparative Assessment of Knowledge Management Programs Across the United States Armed Services |
MAR 2006 |
136 pages |
| Authors:
Patrick L. Booker; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Knowledge is a corporate resource that is required to accomplish business processes, to make decisions, and to improve efficiency and effectiveness. To completely take advantage of the benefits of knowledge, organizations must harvest and leverage the collective knowledge of the entire workforce. This can be achieved through effective knowledge management. Knowledge management involves processes to create, to store, and transfer knowledge to accomplish business objectives and to achieve a competitive ... |
|
| Comparison of Physical Activity Among New United States Army Recruits and High School Students |
MAR 2006 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Sarah B. Jones; Joseph J. Knapik; Salima Darakjy; Stephanie Morrison; Gene Piskator; Bruce H. Jones; ARMY CENTER FOR HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| New Regular Army recruits and high school students were compared on their level of physical activity. Both groups were asked "On how many of the past 7 days did you exercise or participate in physical activity for at least 20 minutes that made you sweat and breathe hard, such as basketball, soccer, running, swimming laps, fast bicycling, fast dancing, or similar aerobic activities?" There were statistically significant differences in the ... |
|
Reports by Keyword(s)
COMPARISON
