| A Human Factors Evaluation of the Space Shuttle Cockpit Avionics Upgrade |
Sep 2012 |
119 pages |
| Authors:
Michael S Westenhaver; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
 | During the late 90s, NASA retrofitted the Space Shuttle fleet with a glass cockpit. The new displays replicated legacy formats developed in the 70s, and did not leverage 20 years of display technology and human factors advances. To address this shortcoming the Cockpit Avionics Upgrade (CAU) was initiated to reduce mental workload (MW), increase situational awareness (SA), and enhance performance. Despite the CAU demonstrating improvements in MW, SA, and performance, ... |
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| Weather in the Cockpit: Priorities, Sources, Delivery, and Needs in the Next Generation Air Transportation System |
Jul 2012 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Roger W Schvaneveldt; Russell J Branaghan; John Lamonica; Dennis B Beringer; ARIZONA STATE UNIV EAST MESA AZ
|
| A study was conducted to identify/verify weather factors important to the conduct of aviation activities and that would be important to consider in systems intended to operate within the NextGen environment. The study reviewed weather-information systems available for General Aviation aircraft at that time. The report presents a listing of recognized aviation weather hazards followed by rankings, by General Aviation pilots, of weather data elements associated with these hazards. This ... |
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| The Effects of Subthreshold Visual Cues on Flight Performance in the NUH-60FS Black Hawk Research Simulator |
AUG 2011 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Jeremy Athy; Arthur Estrada; Edna Rath; Sandra Born; John Ramiccio; ARMY AEROMEDICAL RESEARCH LAB FORT RUCKER AL
|
| Pilots work in one of the most cognitively demanding environments. While technology continues to advance with respect to quantity and quality of information presentation, the human visual system remains with limitations and thus information processing may become more complex for pilots. Therefore, it is important to find improved techniques for information presentation in the cockpit without sacrificing overall flight performance. One potentially useful form of presentation is subthreshold cueing. This ... |
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| Human Factors Engineering Testing of Aircraft Cockpit Lighting Systems |
15 JUL 2011 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
REDSTONE TEST CENTER FORT RUCKER AL ARMY AVIATION FLIGHT TEST DIRECTORATE
|
| This TOP outlines the procedures for testing human factors engineering aspects of cockpit lighting and the methodology involved in quantifying, qualifying, and presenting data for cockpit lighting. Cockpit lighting characteristics testing outlined in this TOP include display luminance, illuminance, contrast, balance, uniformity, sunlight readability, display color, night vision imaging system compatibility, and crewstation reflections. |
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| F-16 Microbially Influenced Corrosion (MIC) Characterization & Prevention Study |
12 May 2011 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
John Stropki; BATTELLE COLUMBUS OPERATIONS OH
|
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| Cockpit Accommodation Assessment of the Bell 412CF Helicopter (Evaluation du Poste de Pilotage de l'Hellcoptere Bell 412CF) |
DEC 2009 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Pierre Meunier; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT TORONTO (CANADA)
|
| The Bell 412CF helicopter was recently added to the training curriculum to teach multi-engine, multi-crew and IFR skills. Nine Bell 412CF helicopters were produced from existing Griffons, which posed technical challenges. One such compromise was the routing of large bundles of wires either side of the main instrument panel. Some of these wire bundles were routed very close to the rotor pedals causing concerns about potential interference with their operation. ... |
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| Personalized Intuitive Displays Enhance Pilot Performance |
Oct 2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Eric Groen; Erik-Jan Cornelisse; Chris Jansen; John van der Hoorn; Bernd de Graaf; TNO DEFENCE SECURITY AND SAFETY SOESTERBERG (NETHERLANDS)
|
| Modern cockpit instruments provide pilots with rich visual and auditory information about the aircraft and the mission. However, the information is not necessarily presented in the most effective way. For example, three-dimensional signals are presented on two-dimensional displays. Moreover, the information is often presented in an abstract manner, which consequently contributes to the pilot's cognitive workload. Although the cockpit environment is standardized to meet general regulations and efficiency, we hypothesize ... |
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| Overcoming Information Overload in the Cockpit |
15-Jul-2009 |
102 pages |
| Authors:
Robert H Kewley; Thomas Deveans; MILITARY ACADEMY WEST POINT NY OPERATIONS RESEARCH CENTER
|
| This study is focused on finding new technologies that will convey the most important information to pilots, when they need it, and in a more efficient and effective way than is currently being done across Army Aviation. The ever increasing complex nature of flying and managing an aircraft, especially during an event which degrades pilot awareness, demands a constant search for better ways of portraying aircraft data to the crew ... |
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| Pilot Preferences on Vector Moving-Map Displays |
Jan-2009 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Maura C Lohrenz; Stephanie A Myrick; Michael E Trenchard; John W Ruffner; Tyrus Cohan; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
|
| Vector map databases offer the potential for customised cockpit moving-map displays, in which user-specified cartographic features can be layered to meet mission requirements. The disadvantage of vector moving-maps is the potential for increased user workload. In 1995, the Naval Research Laboratory and the Naval Air Weapons Center jointly performed a preference study, during which aircrew viewed demonstrations of prototype moving-map displays and responded to a detailed questionnaire concerning the usefulness ... |
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| Training Interventions for Reducing Flight Mishaps |
Dec-2008 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Gregg A Montijo; David Kaiser; V A Spiker; Robert Nullmeyer; CREW TRAINING INTERNATIONAL INC MEMPHIS TN
|
| Increasing numbers of preventable mishaps across all military services led Secretary Rumsfeld and all Service Chiefs to call for a reduction in such events by 75% from 2003 levels. Most were attributed to human error. The highly task-loaded training and combat missions flown by fighter pilots place particularly high demands on effective management of cockpit resources for safe and successful mission accomplishment. While every flight training program already includes some ... |
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| CV-22 Human Vibration Evaluation |
APR 2008 |
70 pages |
| Authors:
Suzanne D. Smith; Jennifer G. Jurcsisn; David R. Bowden; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE
|
| The purpose of this study was to characterize and assess human vibration exposure onboard the CV-22 Osprey. Triaxial acceleration data were collected at the pilot station and flight engineer station in the cockpit, and at the crew chief station located at the front right side of the cabin. At all three stations, measurements were made at the seat base and at the interfaces between the occupant and seat pan and ... |
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| Shin Clearance in the Hawk Mk115 |
JAN 2008 |
|
| Authors:
Pierre Meunier; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT TORONTO (CANADA)
|
 | In 2006, the Canadian Forces (CF) transitioned to a new anthropometric selection standard for pilots. The new standard bases acceptance and rejection on whether individuals are physically compatible with the cockpits of all current aircraft; the previous standard was not aircraft specific. As a result, cockpit compatibility assessments are not currently available for student pilots who were admitted under the previous standard. In July 2007, a pilot slated to train ... |
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| Initial, Cockpit Anthropometric Assessment of U.S. Navy T-6 Life Support Equipment |
05 NOV 2007 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
James C. Hunt; NAVAL AVIATION SCHOOLS COMMAND PENSACOLA FL
|
| The purpose of this study was to conduct an initial anthropometric cockpit assessment of proposed modifications to T-6 aircrew survival equipment in order to identify potential restrictions or interference with cockpit functions. The participants represented each Joint Primary Aviation Training System (JPATS) anthropometric Cases, 1 through 7. Methods. Seven flight students at Naval Aviation Schools Command were selected as Test Cases JPATS anthropometric dimensions by nearest Sitting Height (SH), Buttock-Knee ... |
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| An Assessment of Pilot Control Interfaces for Unmanned Aircraft |
APR 2007 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin W. Williams; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| An inventory of control systems for unmanned aircraft was completed for 15 systems from nine separate manufacturers. To complete the inventory, a taxonomy of control architectures was developed. The taxonomy identified four levels of horizontal aircraft control, four levels of vertical control, and three levels of speed control. The most automated level of control was a waypoint-level that was found to be present in all of the systems inventoried. Implications ... |
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| Mathematical Programming Model for Fighter Training Squadron Pilot Scheduling |
MAR 2007 |
113 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas M. Newlon; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| The United States Air Force fighter training squadrons build weekly schedules using a long and tedious process. Very little of this process is automated and optimality of any kind is nearly impossible. Schedules are built to a feasible condition only to be changed with consideration of Wing level requirements. Weekly flying schedules are restricted by requirements for crew rest, days since a pilot's last sortie, sorties in the last 30 ... |
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| Acquisition: Acceptance and Surveillance of F-16 Mission Training Center Simulation Services |
01 NOV 2006 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
INSPECTOR GENERAL DEPT OF DEFENSE ARLINGTON VA
|
| In June 1999, the Air Force awarded a contract to Lockheed Martin Integrated Systems to acquire F-16 aircraft simulation services. The Air Force planned to use the simulation services, which include cockpit simulators, to provide mission training to its F-16 pilots. The Contractor was required to develop, deliver, and maintain Mission Training Centers that provided simulation services in accordance with Government approved performance specifications that included simulating advanced F-16 missions. ... |
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| Flight Display Integration |
18 OCT 2006 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
Guy A. French; Darrel G. Hopper; John M. Reising; Michael P. Snow; BOEING CO SEATTLE WA
|
| This report begins with a discussion of the analysis of the human and display factors relevant to synthetic vision in a military cockpit environment. It then describes the results of studies examining the impact of synthetic vision displays on pilot situation awareness and workload. Concluding remarks on additional factors affecting the use of synthetic vision and a future concept for its implementation are described. |
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| Flight Display Integration |
OCT 2006 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
Guy A. French; Darrel G. Hopper; John M. Reising; Michael P. Snow; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE
|
| This report begins with a discussion of the analysis of the human and display factors relevant to synthetic vision in a military cockpit environment. It then describes the results of studies examining the impact of synthetic vision displays on pilot situation awareness and workload. Concluding remarks on additional factors affecting the use of synthetic vision and a future concept for its implementation are described. |
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| Nonverbal Communication and Aircrew Coordination in Army Aviation: Annotated Bibliography |
JUN 2006 |
119 pages |
| Authors:
Lawrence C. Katz; Gretchen Kambe; Kurt F. Kline; Gary N. Grubb; ARMY RESEARCH INST FOR THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| The Army's Aircrew Coordination Training (ACT) programs emphasize the importance of verbal communications between crewmembers during mission execution. While this is a critical component of effective crew coordination, little attention has been directed towards the influence of nonverbal communication on effective crew coordination. Nonverbal communication transactions occur in the cockpit, but the extent to which they supplement verbal communication and their contribution to safe mission performance remain unclear. The report ... |
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| Interaction Methods for Virtual Reality Applications |
JUN 2006 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Leonhard Vogelmeier; Harald Neujahr; Peter Sandl; EUROPEAN AERONAUTIC DEFENCE AND SPACE CO MILITARY AIRCRAFT MUENCHEN (GERMANY)
|
| Even after several years of development, human machine interfaces applied in Virtual Reality (VR) environments are in many cases not very well adapted to the user and the task to be fulfilled, which often affects the success of VR applications. This observation is made by plenty of experts and it coincides with the experience we have gathered within the past years. On this basis we started to adapt and advance ... |
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| Next Generation, High Accuracy Optical Tracker for Target Acquisition and Cueing |
MAR 2006 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Don S. Odell; Vlad Kogan; ASCENSION TECHNOLOGY CORP MILTON VT
|
| A critical need exists for a fast, cost-effective, six-degrees-of-freedom (6DOF) tracker that is immune to cockpit and helmet scatterers of magnetic/electrical field energy, vehicle vibration, and harsh lighting conditions. Magnetic and inertial tracking technologies each have limitations that make them undesirable as next-generation solutions. Optical tracking technologies, while having occlusion problems, are increasingly seen as the more attractive next-generation solution. The optical tracker, developed at Ascension Technology Corp to meet ... |
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| Beyond the Wild Blue-On-Blue: Leveraging Counter-Fratricide Technologies for Operational Effects |
Jan-2006 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew J Gebara; MARINE CORPS UNIV QUANTICO VA SCHOOL OF ADVANCED WARFIGHTING (SAW)
|
| Only the coordinated energy of the entire combined/joint force will produce truly effective counter-fratricide technology, tactics, techniques, and procedures. Failure to standardize counter-fratricide Link 16 integration efforts in all combatant aircraft will lead to asymmetrical and piecemeal solutions that will strain coalitions, with harmful operational and strategic level effects. 21st century warfare has exacerbated the effects of air-to-ground fratricide. While always tragic, contemporary blue-on-blue incidents can now have detrimental effects ... |
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| Human Factors Assessment of the UH-60M Common Avionics Architecture System (CAAS) Crew Station During the Limited User Evaluation (LEUE) |
DEC 2005 |
96 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas J. Havir; David B. Durbin; Lorraine J. Frederick; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| The UH-60M Product Office requested the U.S. Army Research Laboratory's (ARL's) Human Research and Engineering Directorate to participate in the Limited Early User Evaluation (LEUE) of the Common Avionics Architecture System (CAAS) cockpit. ARL conducted a human factors evaluation (HFE) during the LEUE, which assessed workload, situation awareness, simulator sickness, pilot-vehicle interface (PVI), and eye tracker data. The data were used to identify characteristics of the CAAS cockpit that enhance ... |
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| Spatial Orientation Retention Device - Current Status |
SEP 2005 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
William B. Albery; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE
|
| A multi-sensory aircraft attitude tool is described that will allow the pilot to canalize his/her attention and perform out-the-cockpit visual tasks without having to continuously bring his/her vision back into the cockpit to monitor aircraft attitude instruments. Aircraft attitude information currently displayed on head-down displays (HDD) and head-up displays (HUD) is supplemented by tactile cues, audio cues, and helmet-mounted symbology that reinforce attitude information about the state of the aircraft ... |
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| Air Weapon System Configuration Statement: SM-26S/T Machete |
27 JUN 2005 |
|
| Authors:
STAVATTI MILITARY AEROSPACE SAINT PAUL MN TACTICAL AIR WARFARE SYSTEMS DIV
|
| The SM-27 MACHETE is a fixed-wing military aircraft developed to satisfy COunter INsurgency (COIN), Close Air Support (CAS), Light Attack (LA), Forward Air Control (FAC) and Advanced Trainer (AT) missions. The SM-27 is a product of STAVATTI MILITARY AEROSPACE, a division of STAVATTI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. (STAVATTI). There is a distinct need for a capable replacement for OV-10 BRONCOs and A-37 DRAGONFLYs operated by U.S. allies worldwide. With over 230 ... |
|
| Air Weapon System Configuration Statement: SM-26S/T Machete |
27 JUN 2005 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
STAVATTI MILITARY AEROSPACE SAINT PAUL MN TACTICAL AIR WARFARE SYSTEMS DIV
|
| The SM-27 MACHETE is a fixed-wing military aircraft developed to satisfy COunter INsurgency (COIN), Close Air Support (CAS), Light Attack (LA), Forward Air Control (FAC) and Advanced Trainer (AT) missions. The SM-27 is a product of STAVATTI MILITARY AEROSPACE, a division of STAVATTI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. (STAVATTI). There is a distinct need for a capable replacement for OV-10 BRONCOs and A-37 DRAGONFLYs operated by U.S. allies worldwide. With over 230 ... |
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| Implementation and Analysis of the Chromakey Augmented Virtual Environment (ChrAVE) Version 3.0 and Virtual Environment Helicopter (VEHELO) version 2.0 in Simulated Helicopter Training |
JUN 2005 |
143 pages |
| Authors:
M. E. Hahn; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The Chromakey Augmented Virtual Environment (ChrAVE) 3.0 System is a training system created to augment initial, refresher, and proficiency training in helicopter aviation using accurate simulation. Designed around advanced chromakey technologies, this system is deployable, scalable, and flexible, allowing for use in austere environments such as aboard ship or in forward deployed locations. The goal of system development was to prove that a collection of commercially available components could be ... |
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| Relative Effectiveness of Audio Tools for Fighter Pilots in Simulated Operational Flights: A Human Factors Approach |
01 APR 2005 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Sylvain Hourlier; James Meehan; Alain Leger; Corinne Roumes; INSTITUT DE MEDECINE AEROSPATIALE DU SERVICE DE SANTE DES ARMEES CEDEX (FRANCE) DEPT SCIENCES COGNITIVES
|
| The French-Australian Collaboration on Emerging Technologies (FACET) investigated appropriate means of delivering situation-awareness into the cockpit of fighter aircraft under simulated operational conditions. Increasing use of audio has been suggested as a means to reduce visual workload, to enhance situation awareness, and mitigate the manual and cognitive demands of HOTAS and existing command-and-display concepts. An open design for the pilot interface should incorporate redundant information in the auditory and other ... |
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| Double protection passive pour les equipages de l'helicoptere d'attaque "Tigre" : Concept et etude experimentale (Design and Experimental Study of the Passive Double Hearing Protection for the Crew of the Attack Helicopter "Tiger") |
01 APR 2005 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
J. Baudou; G. Reynaud; G. Poussin; A. Leger; THALES AVIONICS LE HAILLAN (FRANCE)
|
| Les coques des ecouteurs du casque Topowl ont deja fait l'objet d'une etude visant a optimiser leur protection auditive dans les stricts budgets de masse et de volume impartis. La presente demarche consistait donc a selectionner puis evaluer des solutions permettant d'ameliorer sensiblement cette protection face aux niveaux de bruit plus eleves que prevu releves en cockpit. Par sa simplicite de mise en oeuvre, sans impact sur le casque, son ... |
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| Improving the Effectiveness of Communication Headsets with Active Noise Reduction: Influence of Control Structure |
APR 2005 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony J. Brammer; Donald R. Peterson; Martin G. Cherniack; Subhash Gullapalli; ENVIR-O-HEALTH SOLUTIONS OTTAWA (ONTARIO)
|
| For communication headsets equipped with active noise reduction (ANR), the performance of the control system may influence the communication signal reaching the ear. Conversely, the communication signal may perturb the operation of the ANR system. The interaction between the communication and control signals depends primarily on the control structure, and on the bandwidths and frequency responses of the signal channels. The effects are described for two circumaural communication headsets with ... |
|
| Helicopter with Torque-Correcting Thruster Device |
09 MAR 2005 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
James R. Quartarone; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
| This patent application discloses a helicopter having a torque-correcting thruster device. The helicopter has an aerodynamic body which has opposite side portions, a top portion and a bottom portion. The aerodynamic body has a cockpit and a pilot seat in the cockpit. The helicopter includes landing gear attached to the bottom portion of the aerodynamic body. The helicopter includes a rotor that is supported by the aerodynamic body and a ... |
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| Flexible Display Technologies...Do They Have a Role in the Cockpit? |
MAR 2005 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Clarence E. Rash; Eric S. Harris; William H. McGilberry; ARMY AEROMEDICAL RESEARCH LAB FORT RUCKER AL
|
| The 21st century promises a new "holy grail" of display technologies. With the long-promised arrival of the plasma display allowing "hang-on-the- wall?" television, the display community has moved on to the promise of fully conformable displays, known as flexible displays. This touted new class of displays is not actually unique in itself but is actually an assortment of novel subclasses of existing display technologies. These technologies include liquid crystal, light ... |
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| Lasers Aimed at Aircraft Cockpits: Background and Possible Options to Address the Threat to Aviation Safety and Security |
26 JAN 2005 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Bart Elias; DEFENSE ACQUISITION UNIV FORT BELVOIR VA DAVID D ACKER LIBRARY AND KNOWLEDGE REPOSITORY
|
| A recent rash of incidents involving lasers aimed at aircraft cockpits has raised concerns over the potential threat to aviation safety and security. While none of these incidents has been linked to terrorism, security officials have expressed concern that terrorists may seek to acquire and use higher powered lasers to, among other things, incapacitate pilots. There is also growing concern among aviation safety experts that the ubiquity and low cost ... |
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| Preliminary Evaluation of Visual and Flight Performance of Three Current Multifocal Contact Lens Designs for Presbyopic US Army Aviators |
JAN 2005 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Corina VAN DE Pol; Gina M. Bissette; Arthur Estrada; Bryan D. Brown; ARMY AEROMEDICAL RESEARCH LAB FORT RUCKER AL
|
| U.S. Army aviators have been authorized to wear contact lenses for aviation duties with special waiver since 1991. The authorized contact lens modality is the single-vision soft contact lens that corrects for 20/20 distance and near. As aviators become presbyopic, they often have to return to bifocal spectacle wear or readers over their distance contact lenses in order to complete their aviation duties. Spectacles introduce interface problems with head-mounted displays ... |
|
| A Common Cockpit Training System |
2005 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Jeremy Ludwig; Henry Jackson; STOTTLER HENKE ASSOCIATES INC SAN MATEO CA
|
| The Naval Air Systems Command is introducing a new helicopter, the MH-60R (Romeo), for anti-submarine warfare and other uses. There are three crewmembers: the pilot, the airborne tactical officer (ATO), and a sensor operator (SO). The SO will be responsible for interpreting and managing a large variety of sensors. These sensors will be used to detect and track all ships, submarines, and possibly planes in the helicopter's vicinity, as well ... |
|
| An Augmented Virtuality Display for Improving UAV Usability |
2005 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Nathan Rackliffe; BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PROVO UT
|
| Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs) promise to change the way we think about aircraft and airspace and they are being used in many different environments; everything from entertainment to search and rescue operations. One thing common amongst the different UAV platforms is that all use very difficult user interfaces. These interfaces have been designed by engineers and roboticists who do not have training in incorporating the needs of end users. This ... |
|
| Performance Assessment of Dynaspeak Speech Recognition System on Inflight Databases |
SEP 2004 |
93 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy P. Barry; David T. Williamson; GENERAL DYNAMICS ADVANCED INFORMATION SYSTEMS DAYTON OH
|
| Automatic speech recognition has demonstrated the potential to provide a natural interface to computing systems. For the military, the realization of this natural interface will depend on a robust speech recognition technology that is capable of handling the degraded speech conditions typical of the military aircraft environment. To aid in the assessment of various commercially available speech recognition systems, several aircraft speech databases have been developed at the Air Force ... |
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| Modeling and Simulation Technologies: Reconfigurable Flight Simulators in Modeling and Simulation |
26 JUL 2004 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Guy W. Williams; Ken Lawrence; Richard Weeks; TEST WING ( 412TH) EDWARDS AFB CA
|
| The Test and Evaluation Modeling and Simulation (TEMS) facility at the Air Force Flight Test Center (AFFTC), Edwards Air Force Base, California, provides developmental test and evaluation flight test programs with virtual, piloted real-time simulators. The TEMS facility has a requirement to support multiple aircraft programs with high fidelity cockpits and out-the-window visual systems within limited facility space and tight budget constraints. The AFFTC's Modeling, Simulation and Integration (MSI) program ... |
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| Celebrating the Usefulness of Pictorial Information in Visual Perception |
29 JUN 2004 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Jeremy Beer; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER BROOKS CITY-BASE TX DIRECTED ENERGY BIOEFFECTS LAB
|
| This book is a collection of biographical essays describing the influence of Julian Hochberg, a leading researcher in vision science and human performance modeling. In this chapter, Jeremy Beer, who was Hochberg's doctoral student, describes three areas in which Hochberg's experimental approach remains influential in vision research. The first area comprises the comparison of motion information versus pictorial depth cues (e.g., linear perspective, relative size) in moving viewers' perception of ... |
|
| A Proof of Concept of an Airborne Visibility Indicator |
APR 2004 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Arthur Estrada; Patricia A. LeDuc; James L. Persson; Joanna L. Greig; John S. Crowley; ARMY AEROMEDICAL RESEARCH LAB FORT RUCKER AL
|
| Every year U.S. Army and civil aviation loses lives and aircraft due to spatial disorientation experienced during periods of minimal visibility or inadvertent entry into instrument meteorological conditions. Flights sometime end catastrophically when an aircraft flies into terrain or water. It is the duty of the pilot-in-command of a single-aircraft mission, or of the air mission commander in a multi-aircraft operation, to determine the prevailing visibility through which they will ... |
|
| The Effects of NEXRAD Graphical Data Resolution and Direct Weather Viewing on Pilots' Judgments of Weather Severity and Their Willingness to Continue a Flight |
MAR 2004 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Dennis B. Beringer; Jerry D. Ball; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| A study was conducted to determine how variations in displayed NEXRAD weather data resolution interact with the pilot's direct view of weather. Pilots (32) were assigned to on of four groups; 8km, 4km, or 2km resolution, and a baseline condition without NEXRAD imagery. Each flew the simulator from Santa Rosa, NM with the intent to land at Albuquerque. Heavy precipitation moved into the area during the flight, and pilots were ... |
|
| Multisensory Integration for Pilot Spatial orientation (MIPSO) |
MAR 2004 |
103 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald L. Small; Christopher D. Wickens; Alla M. Oster; John W. Keller; Jon W. French; MICRO ANALYSIS AND DESIGN BOULDER CO
|
| Spatial disorientation (SD) is a normal human response to accelerations in flight, and has existed since early flight. Its cost to the US military is over $300 million per year, with comparable costs to US civil aviation. Despite significantly increased research over the past decade, the rate of accidents caused by SD has not decreased. While the most recent research emphases have been on understanding the physiology of SD, the ... |
|
| Loss of Pitch Control During Takeoff, Air Midwest Flight 5481, Raytheon (Beechcraft) 1900D, N233YV, Charlotte, North Carolina, January 8, 2003 |
26 FEB 2004 |
214 pages |
| Authors:
NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD WASHINGTON DC
|
| On January 8, 2003, about 0847:28 EST, Air Midwest flight 5481, a Raytheon (Beechcraft) 1900D, N233YV, crashed shortly after takeoff from runway 18R at Charlotte-Douglas International Airport, Charlotte, North Carolina. The 2 flight crew members and 19 passengers aboard the airplane were killed, 1 person on the ground received minor injuries, and the airplane was destroyed by impact forces and a postcrash fire. Flight 5481 was a regularly scheduled passenger ... |
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| Cockpit Seat and Pilot Helmet Vibration During Flight Operations on Aircraft Carriers |
OCT 2003 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Suzanne D. Smith; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB BROOKS AFB TX HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE
|
| The objective of this study was to characterize cockpit seat and pilot helmet vibration in a jet aircraft during aircraft carrier flight operations. The Remote Vibration Environment Recorder (REVER) was used to measure triaxial accelerations at the seat base, seat pan, seat back, and helmet in the F/A-18C (Hornet) aircraft during the catapult launch, touch-and-go, and arrested landing. Helmet pitch acceleration and displacement were estimated from the helmet translational acceleration ... |
|
| Differences in Pilot Automation Philosophies in the US and Russian Air Forces Ground Collision Avoidance Systems |
OCT 2003 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
William B. Albery; Mikhail N. Khomenko; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| G-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC) is a pilot human factors (HF) problem that plagues all air forces that fly high performance fighter aircraft. Spatial disorientation (SD) is an even more serious HF problem that affects not only the military but also commercial aviation. By some estimates, one out of every four aircraft mishaps is due to a HF problem, and the pilot flies a perfectly operating aircraft into the terrain. ... |
|
| Cockpit Automation Philosophy |
OCT 2003 |
|
| Authors:
Etienne Tarnowski; AIRBUS INDUSTRIE BLAGNAC (FRANCE)
|
| The civil aviation environment has rapidly evolved in the past decades. In the 70s, 500 billion passengers per kilometer were transported; in the 80s, that figure doubled, and in the 90s it doubled again reaching 2000 billion passengers per kilometer. The cargo demand, in parallel, increased at an average rate of 10% per year. This has enlarged the air traffic rate and created severely congested skies. At the same time, ... |
|
| A Concept of Flight Execution Monitor (FEM) for Helicopter Pilot Assistance |
OCT 2003 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Patrick Le Blaye; OFFICE NATIONAL D'ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES AERONOSPATIALES CEDEX FRANCE SYSTEMS CONTROL/FLIGHT DYNAMICS
|
| PAVE (Pilot Assistant in the Vicinity of hElipads) is a global research project conducted under the ONERA-DLR common research programme. Several new technologies are now available for helicopter onboard applications that have potentialities to support the pilot's perception and decision making. The technologies addressed in the frame of this project include an advanced flight control system, calculation of flight envelope limitations, enhanced and synthetic vision, and mission inflight planning and ... |
|
| Two-Level Behavior Control of Virtual Humans |
OCT 2003 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Igor E. Tom; Natallia A. Navasiolava; NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES MINSK (BELARUS) INST OF ENGINEERING CYBERNETICS
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| The digital human modeling is considered in terms of intelligence agents with regards to human behavior in virtual environment. The human modeling systems are classified; The problems of high-level control of virtual human's behavior and methods of low-level positioning control are shortly described. |
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| JSF Caesar: Construction of a 3-D Anthropometric Sample for Design and Sizing of Joint Strike Fighter Pilot Clothing and Protective Equipment |
SEP 2003 |
184 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey A. Hudson; Gregory F. Zehner; Kathleen M. Robinette; ADVANCED INFORMATION ENGINEERING SERVICES INC DAYTON OH
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| The Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) anthropometric Cases 1 through 8 were not intended to represent a statistical description for the variation important in the design of personal clothing and equipment for the JSF pilot. Instead, the anthropometric measures associated with the JSF Cases define the minimum level of physical accommodation for men and women in the Joint Strike Fighter cockpit. The statistical process of constructing representative cases used in the ... |
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| Secure Ground-Based Remote Recording and Archiving of Aircraft "Black Box" Data |
SEP 2003 |
194 pages |
| Authors:
Paul R. Schoberg; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| Aircraft accident investigation centers upon the analysis at all available information about the accident flight in the period leading up to the final catastrophe. Key among the sources at information is date captured and recorded in the flight data recorder and cockpit voice recorder, which are often referred to as the aircraft black boxes". Par some accidents, this flight data may he lest entirely or partially damaged and largely unusable. ... |
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