| Research Study of River Information Services on the US Inland Waterway Network |
Dec 2012 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Juergen Troegl; VIA DONAU VIENNA (AUSTRIA)
|
 | At the very beginning of the cooperation development of the US e-Navigation (e-Nav) strategy had been started. The US e-Nav strategy defines the approach to introduce intelligent information services in US coastal and inland waters. It identifies stakeholders, relevant agencies and bodies, related technologies proposed services as well as the implementation strategy. The document clearly identifies RIS as the vehicle for implementing e-Nav on inland waterways. As the US inland ... |
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| Army Corps Supplemental Appropriations: Recent History, Trends, and Policy Issues |
29 Nov 2012 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Charles V Stern; Nicole T Carter; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| Under its civil works program, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers plans, builds, operates, and maintains a wide range of water resources facilities. The Corps also plays a prominent role in responding to domestic natural disasters, in particular riverine and coastal flooding events. The Corps can assist in flood fighting at the discretion of its Chief of Engineers in order to protect life and property, principally when state resources are ... |
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| Maritime Piracy in the Gulf of Guinea, Regional Challenges and Solutions |
02 Nov 2012 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Jimmie E Sullivan; NAVAL WAR COLLEGE NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
|
| The growing threat of piracy in the Gulf of Guinea poses a direct threat to the economic and security interests of Nigeria and the entire West African region. With the largest population and economy in the region, Nigeria arguably stands to lose the most if the maritime security environment continues to decline, but the entire region will suffer as well. Major international powers like the United States and Europe are ... |
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| Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ) Program: Science and Experiment Plan |
Oct 2012 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Craig M Lee; Sylvia Cole; Martin Doble; Lee Freitag; Phil Hwang; Steve Jayne; Martin Jeffries; Rick Krishfield; Ted Maksym; Wieslaw Maslowski; WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE APPLIED PHYSICS LAB
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| The Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ) intensive field program will employ an array of cutting-edge autonomous platforms to characterize the processes that govern Beaufort Sea MIZ evolution from initial breakup and MIZ formation though the course of the summertime sea ice retreat. Instruments will be deployed on and under the ice prior to initial formation of the MIZ along the Alaska coast, and will continue sampling from open water, across the ... |
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| Wave Height and Water Level Variability on Lakes Michigan and St Clair |
Oct 2012 |
183 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey A Melby; Norberto C Nadal-Caraballo; Yamiretsy Pagan-Albelo; Bruce Ebersole; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
|
| The Great Lakes are subject to coastal flooding as a result of severe storms. Strong winds blowing across the surface of the lakes produce high waves and surge. Variations in lake levels due to decadal scale variations in precipitation and anthropogenic activities affect the risk of flooding. In this report, historical storm climatology on Lakes Michigan and St Clair, and the resulting measured waves and water levels, are analyzed in ... |
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| Assessment of Vocal Adaptations for Noise Compensation in Marine Mammals |
30 Sep 2012 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Susan E Parks; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV STATE COLLEGE APPLIED RESEARCH LAB
|
| Marine mammals use sound for communication and navigation in the ocean. Studies of noise compensation mechanisms used by marine mammals can provide a starting point for research to uncover new techniques of improving signal transmission in a noisy marine environment. These noise compensation mechanisms can be used to improve Navy system designs for underwater detection, communication, and navigation. Understanding how marine mammals compensate for noise can also be used to ... |
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| Multi-Model Validation in the Chesapeake Bay Region During Frontier Sentinel 2010 |
28 Sep 2012 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Phillip Chu; Cheryl A Blain; Gregg Jacobs; Richard Allard; M K Cambazoglu; Frank Bub; Dennis Krynen; Robert S Linzell; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS DETACHMENT STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
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| In this report, we discuss the validation of water level and current predictions from three coastal hydrodynamic models and document the resource and operational requirements for each modeling system. The ADvanced CIRCulation Model (ADCIRC), the Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) and Delft3D have been configured and validated for the Chesapeake Bay region during a Navy exercise. Water level predictions are compared with a NOAA/NOS water level gauge at the Chesapeake ... |
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| NRL Hyperspectral Imagery Trafficability Tool (HITT): Software andSpectral-Geotechnical Look-up Tables for Estimation and Mapping of Soil Bearing Strength from Hyperspectral Imagery |
28 Sep 2012 |
58 pages |
| Authors:
Charles M Bachmann; Marcos J Montes; Robert A Fusina; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC REMOTE SENSING DIV
|
| This report provides details of a new hyperspectral exploitation tool for developing trafficability special maps from hyperspectral imagery. This new tool, known as the NRL Hyperspectral Imagery Trafficability Tool (HITT), is packaged as a plug-in to the commercial software package ENVI/IDL. HITT is one of several tools being developed and validated by NRL to support coastal characterization from spectral region imagery. This report provides a step-by-step description of the operation ... |
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| Evaluation of Sun Glint Correction Algorithms for High-Spatial Resolution Hyperspectral Imagery |
Sep 2012 |
99 pages |
| Authors:
Chad I Miller; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF INFORMATION SCIENCES
|
| Sun glint correction algorithms were tested on a hyperspectral image containing cross-track sun glint. Spatial profiles of pixel radiance by pixel position were compared and slope values were calculated. The algorithms of Hedley et al., Lyzenga et al., and Joyce over-corrected for sun glint in the visible and near-infrared wavelengths. The method proposed by Kuster et al. was the weakest performer during visual comparison with the other method results. Spectral ... |
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| New Bottom Roughness Calculation from Multibeam Echo Sounders for Mine Warfare |
Sep 2012 |
80 pages |
| Authors:
Patrick J Earls; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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| Bottom roughness has a significant effect on acoustic backscattering on the ocean bottom. Sonar systems rely on backscattering and shadows to detect objects lying on the seafloor. The seafloor is rather complex, and it can include craters, gullies, seaweed, rocks, sand ridges, tall obstructions, deep holes, and sloping regions. Underwater mines can be hidden near these seafloor features, making detection more difficult. High-resolution (1 m x 1 m) seafloor data ... |
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| Toward Improving Short-Range Fog Prediction in Data-Denied Areas Using the Air Force Weather Agency Mesoscale Ensemble |
Sep 2012 |
249 pages |
| Authors:
William R Ryerson; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| This work develops and tests the viability of a new framework for producing short-range (20 h) probabilistic fog predictions using post-processing of a 4-km, 10-member Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) ensemble configured to closely match the Air Force Weather Agency Mesoscale Ensemble Forecast System. The raw WRF predictions produce excessive forecasts of zero cloud water, mainly caused by a negative relative humidity bias, which is largely traced to a warm ... |
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| Detection of Subpixel Submerged Mine-Like Targets in WorldView-2 Multispectral Imagery |
Sep 2012 |
111 pages |
| Authors:
Michelle R Sandersfeld; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| The utility of satellite spectral imagery is analyzed for the detection of submerged mine like objects. The targets that were utilized were sub-meter in size and emplaced in the water off the coast of La Jolla, California for a barnacle study. There were three surface targets and three submerged targets that did not exceed three meters in depth. Two meter multispectral and half meter panchromatic WorldView-2 data were used for ... |
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| Case Study of European Union Antipiracy Operation Naval Force Somalia: Successes, Failures and Lessons Learned for the Hellenic Navy |
Sep 2012 |
83 pages |
| Authors:
Evangelos Soufis; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| The European Union is conducting a military operation to help deter acts of piracy off the coast of Somalia. This military operation is named European Union Naval Force Somalia/Operation ATALANTA. Its mandate is to protect vessels of the World Food Program, humanitarian aid and African Union Military Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) shipping, protect vulnerable shipping, prevent acts of piracy, and monitor fishing activities off the coast of Somalia. The operation ... |
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| Connecting Land-Based Networks to Ships |
Sep 2012 |
107 pages |
| Authors:
Panagiotis Chatzigiannis; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
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| Today it's important for ships at sea to be able to communicate and exchange information with a shore network, like file transferring, database access, e-mail, web/intranet browsing, or video conferencing. Navy ships might even want to send a live video feed from the field. To accomplish this, most ships use satellite communications, an expensive and slow method. When a ship is near shore, it can use alternative methods of communicating ... |
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| Using Multi-Angle WorldView-2 Imagery to Determine Ocean Depth Near Oahu, Hawaii |
Sep 2012 |
117 pages |
| Authors:
Krista R Lee; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Multispectral imaging (MSI) data collected at multiple angles over shallow water provide analysts with a unique perspective of bathymetry in coastal areas. Observations taken by DigitalGlobe's WorldView-2 (WV-2) sensor acquired at 39 different view angles on 30 July 2011 were used to determine the effect of acquisition angle on derived depth. The site used for this study was on the island of Oahu, focused on Kailua Bay (on the windward ... |
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| Dredged Material Placement Site Capacity Analysis for Navigation Improvement Project at Grays Harbor, WA |
Sep 2012 |
79 pages |
| Authors:
Earl Hayter; Jarrell Smith; David Michalsen; Zeki Demirbilek; Lihwa Lin; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
|
| The U.S. Army Engineer District, Seattle requested that the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory perform a numerical modeling study for the purpose of performing a dredged material placement (DMP) site capacity analysis for a Navigation Improvement Project for the Federal Navigation Project at Grays Harbor (GH), WA. The project would deepen the inner harbor channel reaches up to two additional feet to reach the ... |
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| Cross-Shore Numerical Model CSHORE for Waves, Currents, Sediment Transport and Beach Profile Evolution |
Sep 2012 |
159 pages |
| Authors:
Bradley D Johnson; Nobuhisa Kobayashi; Mark B Gravens; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
|
| The majority of the world shoreline is experiencing some form of erosion, which will become more serious if the mean sea level rise accelerates because of the greenhouse effect. Nourishment and maintenance of wide sand beaches for developed coastal communities will become more expensive unless the present nourishment design method is improved by the development of a reliable morphological model. Concurrently, the recent increase of coastal storm damage necessitates s ... |
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| Hydrodynamics and Marine Optics during Cold Fronts at Santa Rosa Island, Florida |
Sep 2012 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy R Keen; Robert H Stavn; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS DETACHMENT STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| Observations of optical and hydrodynamic processes were made on the open beach on Santa Rosa Island, Florida, in March 1995. This study focuses on the passage of two cold fronts. The observations have been supplemented by a bio-optical model, a suite of hydrodynamic models to simulate coastal flows forced by waves, tides, local wind, and coastal sea level; and a geo-optical model that predicts scattering by mineral particles resuspended by ... |
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| Behavior of Flotsam in the California Current System Utilizing Surface Drift of RAFOS Floats |
Sep 2012 |
191 pages |
| Authors:
Dallas C Gates; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| The patterns of surface drift of eighty-nine undrogued RAFOS floats in the California Current System have been studied. The floats were launched in the California Undercurrent during 1992-2010 and were tracked by the ARGOS system when they surfaced at the end of their subsurface mission. The surface drift of these floats was typically equatorward in the California Current. However, some floats moved poleward into the Subpolar Gyre, and others drifted ... |
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| The Quantification and Evolution of Resilience in Integrated Coastal Systems |
Aug 2012 |
77 pages |
| Authors:
Martin T Schultz; S K McKay; Lyndell Z Hales; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| Integrated coastal systems are designed, constructed, and maintained to achieve navigation, storm damage reduction, and ecosystem restoration objectives. This report develops a generally applicable method to quantify the resilience of integrated coastal systems to disturbances such as coastal storms. In general, resilience is an ambiguous term that can mean different things in different contexts. This report emphasizes engineering resilience, which is the propensity of a system to resist functional impairments ... |
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| Lake Michigan: Prediction of Sand Beach and Dune Erosion for Flood Hazard Assessment |
Aug 2012 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Bradley D Johnson; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
|
| The present recommendations for dune removal or dune retreat on the Great Lakes for Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) flood mapping purposes are based on a simple geometric method as outlined in FEMA (2009). The simple procedure establishes a relationship between dune survival and storm intensity. The method was adopted several decades ago when numerical models were inadequate for predicting beach profile change and dune retreat. Herein, a robust and ... |
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| Application of Risk Management and Uncertainty Concepts and Methods for Ecosystem Restoration: Principles and Best Practice |
Aug 2012 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Burton C Suedel; Jr Valverde L J; John Vogel; Igor Linkov; J C Fischenich; Todd Bridges; Marshall Plumley; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| Ecosystem restoration projects are often characterized by uncertainties that should be assessed according to current guidance (ER 1105-2-100) (USACE 2000), but in many projects, these issues are not always explicitly addressed. Inability to quantify risk and uncertainty often results in overly-conservative restoration management alternatives, resulting in inefficient allocations of capital and potentially significant, consequential damages and losses. The purpose of this technical note is to present one approach to risk ... |
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| Africa Partnership Station: Coastal Processes Large-Scale Coastal Evolution |
19 Jul 2012 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew D Ashton; WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION MA
|
| The overreaching goal of this research is to assist with the development of research capabilities of Gulf of Guinea nations and to increase the ability of these nations to predict and mitigate coastal hazards. This is being accomplished through sponsoring and developing the coastal processes research capabilities of these nations and their university systems. This projects focuses on interactions with the research group within the Department of Oceanography and Fisheries ... |
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| TNT Biodegradation by Natural Microbial Assemblages at Estuarine Frontal Boundaries |
02 Jul 2012 |
57 pages |
| Authors:
Michael T Montgomery; Rchard B Coffin; Thomas J Boyd; Christopher L Osburn; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC CHEMICAL DYNAMICS AND DIAGNOSTICS BRANCH
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| This limited scope project primarily focused on whether estuarine transition zones (e.g., fronts, convergences, salt wedges) are sites of enhanced 2,4,6, Trinitrotoluene (TNT) mineralization, bacterial metabolism and degradation of aromatic organic matter. Evidence was gathered to determine what biogeochemical features of these transition zones may contribute to such differences. Criteria for success of this investigation included measuring elevated rates of TNT mineralization and bacterial growth in mixing zones between water ... |
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| Erosion Control and Environment Restoration Plan Development, Matagorda County, Texas. Phase 1: Preliminary Investigation |
Jul 2012 |
113 pages |
| Authors:
Robert Thomas; Lauren Dunkin; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
|
| This report documents the investigation of coastal processes and development of conceptual alternatives to reduce beach erosion at two sites in Matagorda County. Sargent Beach has experienced the greatest erosion rates on the Texas Coast, prompting study into structural methods to protect beach habitat. Additionally, the three miles of beach to the east of the Mouth of the Colorado River is a candidate for structural stabilization. The proximity of the ... |
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| The Need for a Regional Security System Multinational Coast Guard Unit in the Eastern Caribbean |
08 Jun 2012 |
121 pages |
| Authors:
Aquinas J Clarke; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| This paper is an academic examination of the need for the formation of a multinational Regional Security System (RSS) Coast Guard Unit. It concludes that among RSS operational-level maritime forces leaders, there is a common perception that the formation of a multinational RSS Coast Guard is a necessity and that such an entity would enhance the security of the sub-region. Though over time the nomenclature of the security challenges to ... |
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| The Study of Upper Ocean Stratification that Controls Propagation of Internal Tidal Bores in Coastal Areas |
Jun 2012 |
85 pages |
| Authors:
Kathryn A Yanez; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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| Coastal ocean stratification and optical properties have been analyzed over a month period from Moss Landing to Monterey Bay in Monterey, California, during October 2011. This research utilized measurements from four different observing systems: the Tethys long-range propeller-driven autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV); a Spray glider AUV; a SeaHorse moored profiler; and a thermistor chain to evaluate changes in conductivity, pressure, temperature, salinity, and optics over a 4-week time period. Each ... |
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| Global Modeling of Internal Tides Within an Eddying Ocean General Circulation Model |
Jun 2012 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Brian K Arbic; James G Richman; Jay F Shriver; Patrick G Timko; E J Metzger; Alan J Wallcraft; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS DETACHMENT STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEAN DYNAMICS AND PREDICTION BRANCH
|
| Ocean tides, and the atmospherically forced oceanic general circulation and its associated mesoscale eddy field, have long been run separately in high-resolution global models. They are now being simulated concurrently in a high-resolution version of the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). The incorporation of horizontally varying stratification with the addition of atmospheric forcing yields internal tides (internal waves of tidal frequency) in high-latitude low-stratification regions that are qualitatively different from ... |
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| Planes, Trains, and Automobiles: Savings Potential of Utilizing Multi-Modal Transport for Depositioning Cargo in the CONUS |
Jun 2012 |
116 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy M Gonyea; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
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| This paper analyzes the benefits of utilizing a multi-modal approach (utilizing trucks and/or rail) for cargo transport from West/East Coast bases to inland CONUS cargo destinations rather than flying cargo to its final destinations. The author proposes that adjusting current operations to a more multi-modal model will provide significant savings in operational, variable, fuel costs, flying hours, and mission hours. The author performed a case study approach focusing on C-17 ... |
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| Designing Navigation and Coastal Infrastructure for Greater Environmental Sustainability: An Overview of Projects |
23 May 2012 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Cynthia J Banks; ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS VICKSBURG MS ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER
|
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| Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs): A JFMCC Operational Protection Capability |
04 May 2012 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony C James; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
|
| Achieving and maintaining operational protection has created three significant challenges for the JFMCC within his area of operations (AO). First, a larger AO requires a greater footprint of forces in support of the theater. Second, the protection of this theater necessitates a more durable, permanent level of security, lasting months or even years. Areas of responsibility (AORs), such as Pacific Command (PACOM) and Central Command (CENTCOM), face Anti-Access/Area Denial (A2/AD) ... |
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| Combating the ASW Threat with Operational Art: Ensuring Efficiency through Unity of Effort with the Theater Undersea Warfare Commander |
04 May 2012 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Sean P Knight; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
|
| A shift in the U.S. Navy's strategy has changed its focus from a force dominant in the open oceans of the world to one required to establish and maintain local sea control in the littoral environment. This shift will have a significant impact on the manner in which the force is trained, equipped, led, and ultimately fought. Analysis suggests that a shift in focus to the littoral environment will open ... |
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| Senegal: Background and U.S. Relations |
11 Apr 2012 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Alexis Arieff; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| Senegal, a small, semi-arid nation on West Africa s Atlantic coast, has long been viewed as one of the region s most stable democracies. Political trends under former President Abdoulaye Wade (in office 2000-2012) raised concerns among analysts and policymakers over possible democratic backsliding, particularly in connection with Wade s attempt to win a third term in office in elections held on February 26. Popular anger over Wade s candidacy ... |
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| Marine Mammal Demographics Off the Outer Washington Coast and Near Hawaii |
Apr 2012 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Erin Oleson; John Hildebrand; OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS WASHINGTON DC
|
| This report summarizes work conducted in 2008-2010 to understand the seasonal occurrence and distribution of marine mammals in or near active Navy ranges off Washington and Hawaii. Long-term acoustic recording and monthly visual surveys have been conducted off the outer Washington coast since 2004 as part of an effort to monitor for marine mammals within the boundaries of the proposed expansion area of the Quinault Underwater Tracking Range (QUTR). This ... |
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| Talisman-Saber 2009 Remote Sensing Experiment |
30 Mar 2012 |
173 pages |
| Authors:
Charles M Bachmann; Robert A Fusina; Marcos J Montes; Rong-Rong Li; Carl Gross; C R Nichols; John C Fry; Chris Parrish; Jon Sellars; Stephen White; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| This report describes the data collected during one of a series of NRL remote sensing and calibration and validation (Cal/Val) campaigns, providing data and information for the development of models of coast types and their associated environmental factors for use in rapidly processing hyperspectral imagery (HSI) and generating shallow water bathymetric charts and trafficability maps. This report documents data that was collected during a remote sensing campaign that was conducted ... |
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| Strategic Importance of the Joint Pacific Alaska Range Complex |
22 Mar 2012 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas Bell; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The Joint Pacific Alaska Range Complex (JPARC) is built on a firm foundation of extensive training, decades of testing, and range infrastructure currently in existence. The JPARC consists of all land, air, and sea training areas used by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and the military services in Alaska. The Army, Air Force, Navy, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, and Alaska National Guard utilize the JPARC to conduct training and ... |
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| Global Ocean Forecast System V3.0 Validation Test Report Addendum: Provision of Boundary Conditions to the Relocatable Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) |
21 Mar 2012 |
55 pages |
| Authors:
E Metzger; P G Thoppil; G Peggion; D S Franklin; O M Smedstad; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS DETACHMENT STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| One of the primary functions of the Global Ocean Forecast System (GOFS) Version 3.0 (V3.0) (consisting of the 1/12 deg global HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) that employs the Navy Coupled Ocean Data Assimilation (NCODA)) is to provide boundary conditions (BCs) to higher horizontal and vertical resolution regional nested ocean models, such as the Relocatable (Relo) Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM). This document can be viewed as both a User?s ... |
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| Virginia Coast Reserve 2007 Remote Sensing Experiment |
09 Mar 2012 |
|
| Authors:
Charles M Bachmann; Robert A Fusina; Marcos J Montes; Rong-Rong Li; Daniel Korwan; Ellen Bennert; W D Miller; David Gillis; C R Nichols; John C Fry; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC REMOTE SENSING DIV
|
 | This report describes data collected during the first of a series of NRL remote sensing and calibration and validation (Cal/Val) campaigns undertaken to develop models of coastal environments for use in rapidly processing hyperspectral imagery (HSI) and generating shallow water bathymetric charts and trafficability maps. This report documents airborne HSI and sea and ground truth observations made at the Virginia Coast Reserve Long Term Ecological Research (VCR LTER) site during ... |
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| Land And Forest Area Changes In The Vicinity Of The Mississippi River Gulf Outlet, Central Wetlands Region, 1935-2010 |
Mar 2012 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Christina L Saltus; Glenn M Suir; John A Barras; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| As part of the overall Mississippi River Gulf Outlet (MRGO) Ecosystem Restoration Study, the Central Wetlands Unit (CWU) is a critical coastal restoration project proposed to mitigate the effects of the MRGO dredging and dredged material placement in southeastern coastal Louisiana. An in-depth knowledge of recent and historical coastal landscape history is a key knowledge element required by project managers to make informed decisions for implementing the overall CWU restoration ... |
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| Characterization of Suspended Particulates in the Northern Gulf of Mexico from Ocean Color Remote Sensing |
15 Feb 2012 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
ZhongPing Lee; Changchun Huang; Bertrand Lubac; Laodong Guo; DongShan Ko; Steven Lohrenz; Richard Gould; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS DETACHMENT STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| The ecosystem in the Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM) is composed of fresh waters from coastal run-offs and the Mississippi River as well as clear-salty waters from the gulf. As a result, the composition of water constituents, as well as their spatial and temporal distributions, is complex and heterogeneous, with severe hypoxia events constantly happening in the NGOM region. In this study, using properties derived from measurements of ocean color ... |
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| Impact of Signal-to-Noise Ratio in a Hyperspectral Sensor on the Accuracy of Biophysical Parameter Estimation in Case II Waters |
13 Feb 2012 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Wesley J Moses; Jeffrey H Bowles; Robert L Lucke; Michael R Corson; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| Errors in the estimated constituent concentrations in optically complex waters due solely to sensor noise in a spaceborne hyperspectral sensor can be as high as 80%. The goal of this work is to elucidate the effect of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on the accuracy of retrieved constituent concentrations. Large variations in the magnitude and spectral shape of the reflectances from coastal waters complicate the impact of SNR on the accuracy of ... |
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| The Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean (HICO (trademark)) Provides a New View of the Coastal Ocean |
09 Feb 2012 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Curtiss O Davis; M R Corson; Bo-Cai Gao; Rong-Rong Li; Robert A Arnone; Richard Gould; ZhongPing Lee; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS DETACHMENT STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| The Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean (HICO(Trademark)) was installed on the International Space Station on September 24, 2009. HICO(Trademark) is the first spaceborne hyperspectral imager optimized for environmental characterization of the coastal zone. With a high signal-to-noise ratio for ocean imaging, 90 m GSD and full spectral coverage from 400 to 900 nm and a 42 by 192 km scene size HICO(Trademark) provides a unique view of the coastal ... |
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| Ocean Color Patterns Help to Predict Depth of Optical Layers in Coastal Marine Waters |
09 Feb 2012 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
M A Montes-Hugo; Alan Weidemann; Richard Gould; Jason Jolliff; Robert Arnone; J Churnside; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS DETACHMENT STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| Detection of single or multiple optical subsurface laminar features (e.g. , thin layers) in marine waters has many implications on ecological studies, management of fisheries, and military applications. This study has four objectives: (1) to corroborate a previous index based on remote sensing reflectance ratio (Rl= R(rs)(443)/R(rs)(490)) for predicting depth of lidar-derived backscattering layers; (2) to evaluate at what extent these relationships hold in different marine regions, (3) to examine ... |
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| Multi- and Hyperspectral Ocean Color Measurements from Long Island Sound Observation Platform (LISCO): Comparison with Satellite Measurements and Assessments of Uncertainties |
09 Feb 2012 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
S A Ahmed; Robert A Arnone; A Gilerson; T Harmel; S Hlaing; T Legbrandt; Alan Weidemann; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS DETACHMENT STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| The Long Island Sound Coastal Observational platform (LISCO) near Northport, New York, has been recently established to support satellite data validation LISCO is equipped with both multispectral SeaPRISM and hyperspectral HyperSAS radiometers for ocean color measurements. LISCO substantially expands observational capabilities for the continuous monitoring and assessment of the ocean color satellite data quality. These expanded capabilities offer a potential for improving calibration and validation activities for the current and ... |
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| Long Term Dinoflagellate Bioluminescence, Chlorophyll, And Their Environmental Correlates In Southern California Coastal Waters |
Feb 2012 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
David Lapota; SPACE AND NAVAL WARFARE SYSTEMS CENTER PACIFIC SAN DIEGO CA
|
| While many oceanographic studies have focused on the distribution of bioluminescence in the marine environment (Stukalin 1934, Tarasov 1956, Seliger et al. 1961, Clarke and Kelly 1965, Bityukov 1967, Lapota and Losee 1984, Swift et al. 1985, Lapota et al. 1988, Batchelder and Swift 1989, Lapota et al. 1989, Lapota and Rosenberger 1990, Neilson et al. 1995, Ondercin et al. 1995, Swift et al. 1995), little understanding of the seasonality ... |
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| SOMALIA: Is it Safer Now? |
Feb 2012 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Eloy E Cuevas; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI
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| In the heartland of Somalia, the warring parties are still playing the game of life. Innocent Somali men, women, and children are enduring the brutality of war, with thousands of innocent lives caught in daily cross-fire between the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) and their Transitional Federal Government (TFG) supporters on one side, and on the other side, the Al-Shabaab organization. For over twenty years, Somalia has been the ... |
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| Assessment of a Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Correction of Above-Water and Satellite Water-Leaving Radiance in Coastal Waters |
10 Jan 2012 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Soe Hlaing; Alexander Gilerson; Tristan Harmal; Alberto Tonizzo; Alan Weidemann; Robert Arnone; Samir Ahmed; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS DETACHMENT STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
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| Water-leaving radiances, retrieved from in situ or satellite measurements, need to be corrected for the bidirectional properties of the measured light in order to standardize the data and make them comparable with each other. The current operational algorithm for the correction of bidirectional effects from the satellite ocean color data is optimized for typical oceanic waters. However, versions of bidirectional reflectance correction algorithms specifically tuned for typical coastal waters and ... |
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| Ocean Color Patterns Help to Predict Depth of Optical Layers in Stratified Coastal Waters |
20 Dec 2011 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Martin A Montes-Hugo; Alan Weidemann; Richard Gould; Robert Arnone; James H Churnside; Ewa Jaroz; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS DETACHMENT STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
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| Subsurface optical layers distributed at two different depths were investigated in Monterrey Bay. East Sound, and the Black Sea based on spatial statistics of remote sensing reflectance (Rrs). The main objective of this study was to evaluate the use of Rrs(443)/Rrs(490) (hereafter R1) skewness (psi) as an indicator of vertical optical structure in different marine regions. Measurements of inherent optical properties were obtained using a remotely operated towed vehicle and ... |
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| Coast Guard: Observations on Arctic Requirements, Icebreakers, and Coordination with Stakeholders |
01 Dec 2011 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen L Caldwell; GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
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| The gradual retreat of polar sea ice, combined with an expected increase in human activity shipping traffic, oil and gas exploration, and tourism in the Arctic region has increased the strategic interest that the United States and other nations have in the Arctic. As a result, the U.S. Coast Guard, within the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), has responsibilities in the Arctic, which are expected to increase. This testimony provides ... |
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| Verification and Validation of the Coastal Modeling System. Report 3: CMS-Flow: Hydrodynamics |
Dec 2011 |
148 pages |
| Authors:
Alejandro Sanchez; Weiming Wu; Tanya M Beck; Honghai Li; III Rosati James; Robert Thomas; Julie D Rosati; Zeki Demirbilek; Mitchell Brown; Christopher Reed; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
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| This is the third report, Report 3, in a series of four reports toward the Verification, and Validation (V&V) of the Coastal Modeling System (CMS). All details of the V&V study specific to the hydrodynamic modeling are provided in this report. The primary goal of this study task was to perform a comprehensive assessment of the predictive skills of the CMS-Flow model for a wide range of problems encountered in ... |
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COASTAL REGIONS
