| Defining a Desirable, Achievable End State in Military Operations Other than War: The Role of The Operational Commander |
07 FEB 97 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Elisabeth J. Strines; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI
|
 | In conventional wars the desired outcome is normally quite straightforward, with victory over the enemy solidly indicating a successful conclusion. In military operations other than war (MOOTW), however, it is often difficult to pin down just what the outcome, or end state, is expected to be. Although our joint doctrine states that the National Command Authorities should define a desired end state before committing troops to action, the reality is ... |
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| Experimental Investigation of DC Excitation Slow-Flow CO2 Laser with Ceramic Tubes |
27 JAN 97 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Yungui Gao; NATIONAL AIR INTELLIGENCE CENTER WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
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| The laser output power of TEM sub 00 mode from DC excitation slow- flow CO2 laser made of ceramic tubes is 1.45 times higher as that of the laser made of glade of glass tubes. The experimental results are better than the distributed coated Au film catalyst used for improving output property of DC exciting slow-flow CO2 laser by Mr. J. Macken. The mechanism of output power enhancement of the ... |
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| Structure-Property Behavior of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials Based on Sol Gel Chemistry |
06 DEC 96 |
95 pages |
| Authors:
Garth L. Wilkes; VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND STATE UNIV BLACKSBURG DEPT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEER ING
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| This work was directed at the synthesis and structure-property behavior of hybrid organic-inorganic network materials prepared by a sol gel reaction. Specific focus concerned the development of optically abrasion resistant coatings that could be utilized for both polymeric and metallic substrates. In the case of the latter, the purpose of the coating was to not only to supply abrasion resistance but, if possible, provide corrosion resistance as well. Considerable success ... |
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| Catalytic Combustion in Internal Combustion Engines: A Possible Explanation for the Woschni Effect in Thermally-Insulated Diesel Engines |
15 NOV 96 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Robert L. Jones; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC SURFACE CHEMISTRY BRANCH
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| This report describes research undertaken to determine if catalytic combustion effects occur with the use of zirconia (ZrOsub2) thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), or other coatings, in diesel engines, and if so, whether these effects have significant impact upon engine combustion, fuel economy, or pollutant emissions. A simple furnace system was used to identify catalytic combustion effects in the ignition and combustion of propane/air mixtures over catalyst-doped m-ZrOsub2 spheres. Three classes ... |
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| Supramolecular Materials: Self Organized Nanostructures |
OCT 96 |
55 pages |
| Authors:
Samuel I. Stupp; Vassou LeBonheur; Kenneth E. Walker; Li-Sheng Li; Kevin E. Huggins; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
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| We have discovered systems of molecules with the architecture of miniaturized triblock copolymers that self assemble into nanostructures highly regular in size and shape. In the system described here, a mushroom-shaped supramolecular structure of about 200 kilodaltons forms by crystallization of the chemically identical blocks in the system. Interestingly, the supramolecular units self organize into films containing one hundred or more layers stacked in polar arrangement. The polar supramolecular material ... |
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| A Pore Structure Model for Coupling Subscale Reactions to the Macroscopic Transport |
30 SEP 96 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Girard A. Simons; SIMONS RESEARCH ASSOCIATES LYNNFIELD MA
|
| The 'pore tree' model of pore structure (Simons and Finson, 1979; Simons, 1982) was developed for catalyst and sorbent grains to allow coupled diffusion and chemical reactions within porous media in the absence of convection through the media. The pore tree model has been extended to describe the permeable pore structure which characterizes the subsurface flow of gas and water in soil. The description of permeability required a statistical determination ... |
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| Synthesis and Optical Properties of Poly4'-Nitrophenyl-3-N-2- (METHACRYLOYLOXY)ETHYLcarbazolyl diazene |
10 SEP 96 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
M. S. Ho; C. Barrett; J. Paterson; M. Esteghamatian; A. Natansohn; QUEEN'S UNIV KINGSTON (ONTARIO) DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| Poly((4-nitrophenyl)-3-(N-(2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl)carbazolyl) diazene) was prepared and its photoinduced birefringence, diffraction grating, and photorefractive asymmetric two-beam gain coupling were studied. The monomer was obtained by performing azo coupling in a two-phase water-dichloromethane system in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst. Photoinduced birefringence of up to 0.09 was observed and diffraction efficiencies of up to 25% were obtained, with atomic force microscopy studies revealing that the grating profile exhibited a sinusoidal shape. ... |
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| Metabolic and Enzymological Studies of Sulfur-Dependent Marine Hyperthermophiles |
SEP 96 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Michael w. Adams; GEORGIA UNIV RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC ATHENS
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| The results from this study have provided the first insights into how hyperthermophilic organisms obtain energy from the metabolism of C and N compounds, and how this can be achieved at high temperatures. These organisms have unusual pathways based on the rarely-used element tungsten (W), which is present in the novel enzymes AOR, FOR and GAPOR. W is seldom used in biological systems, the analogous element, molybdenum (Mo), is virtually ... |
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| Atomic Hydrogen Trapped in Solid H2 |
SEP 96 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
James R. Gaines; HAWAII UNIV HONOLULU DEPT OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY
|
| The technical work under this contract focused on production and storage of hydrogen atoms in molecular hydrogen hosts. Studies of the diffusion of molecules and atoms in hydrogen hosts were made. In crystalline solids D is controlled by the number of vacancies in the lattice. Values of the parameters used for theory were obtained for all isotopes. Data for the isotopes can be successfully scaled by the quantum parameter. The ... |
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| Expression of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Family in Transgenic Mouse Models of Human Breast Cancer |
AUG 96 |
75 pages |
| Authors:
William J. Muller; MCMASTER UNIV HAMILTON (ONTARIO)
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| Transgenic mice expressing an activated neu oncogene in the mammary epithelium develop metastatic mammary tumors within a short latency period. Given our recent observations suggesting that co-activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor and Neu in the mammary epithelium of transgenic mice results in the synergistic transformation of the mammary epithelium, we decided to assess whether a functional EOFR was required for Neu-induced tumors. To accomplish this objective, we have ... |
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| Tert-Butyl Alumoxanes: Synthetic Analogs for Methyl Alumoxane (MAO) and New Catalytic Routes to Polyolefins and Polyketones |
01 JUL 96 |
|
| Authors:
Andrew R. Barron; RICE UNIV HOUSTON TX DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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 | Alumoxanes are the products from the partial hydrolysis of aluminum compounds. While they have been known for over 30 years, and as a class of chemical are highly important industrially, there has been almost no basic understanding of their structure, reactivity, or potential as new inorganic polymers. The aim of this research was to gain a fundamental understanding of alumoxanes and to enable multiple practical applications to be generated from ... |
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| The National Shipbuilding Research Program. Regulatory Reform: Provide Shipyard Industry Recommendations to EPA |
JUL 1996 |
53 pages |
| Authors:
NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER CARDEROCK DIV BETHESDA MD
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| As part of an overall regulatory reform initiative, President Clinton announced in 1995 that regulations should be flexible, allowing greater protection to society at a lower cost to the regulated industry. He indicated the Administration s receptivity to creative compliance solutions, recognizing that command-and-control regulations have limited effectiveness. The President also pointed out that better decisions evolve from a collaborative process in which people work together. In response to the ... |
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| The Molecular Biological Basis for the Response of Poly(ADP-RIB) polymerase and NAD Metabolism to DNA Damage Caused by Mustard Alkylating Agents |
JUL 96 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Mark E. Smulson; GEORGETOWN UNIV WASHINGTON DC
|
| During the course of this contract, we have performed a variety of experiments to provide a strategy to modulate the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP- ribose) polymerase (PARP), in cultured keratinocytes. This enzyme modifies a variety of nuclear proteins utilizing NAD. DNA is required for the catalytic activity of the enzyme and the activity is dependent upon the presence of strand breaks in this DNA. It has been hypothesized that human skin ... |
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| A Performance and cost Evaluation of ULTROX D-TOX(trademark) UV/ oxidation System for the Treatment of Hydrocarbon Vapors from Fuel-Contaminated Soils |
JUL 96 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Steven R. Archabal; Douglas C. Downey; Donald R. Malone; PARSONS ENGINEERING SCIENCE INC DENVER CO
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| This technology demonstration was completed to determine the feasibility of using an ultraviolet (UV) oxidizing catalyst in the presence of ozone to treat non-chlorinated, fuel hydrocarbon volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The soil vapor extraction (SVE) and treatment demonstration was conducted at the Installation Restoration Program (IRP) Site SS-20 located at Myrtle Beach Air Force Base (AFB), Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. Site SS-20, locally known as the MOGAS site, was previously ... |
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| High Performance PEM Fuel Cells - From Electrochemistry and Material Science to Engineering Development of a Multicell Stack |
JUL 96 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
A. J. Appleby; Supramaniam Srinivasan; TEXAS ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION COLLEGE STATION
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| Several 50 sq cm MEAs were prepared to test the reproducibility of our techniques for electrodes and MEAs manufacture. At low current densities the performance of the cells is identical in the range of current densities of practical interest differences of up to 40 mV can be observed. During this month a four cell stack with MEAs provided by BCS Technology was assembled and tested. The MEAs were with electrodes ... |
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| Reduction of NOx and PM from Navy Diesel Engines: A Feasibility Analysis |
JUL 1996 |
78 pages |
| Authors:
S. Venkatesh; ACUREX ENVIRONMENTAL CORP MOUNTAIN VIEWCA
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| The US Navy jointly with the EPA under SERDP is conducting a program to develop a NOx and PM control package for its shipboard diesel engines. This report evaluates the feasibility of retrofit NOx and PM control technologies based on impending emission standards, available technologies, cost, and impact of retrofit applications on ship/engine operations. |
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| Kinetic Studies of Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Methyl Acrylate |
12 JUN 96 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
H. Paik; K. Matyjaszewski; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| Kinetic aspects of Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of methyl acrylate MA were studied. The results showed the characteristic features of living polymerization up to Mn (80,000, e.g. constant concentration of propagating species, a linear relation between conversion and molecular weight and narrow polydispersities (Mw/Mn (1.2). As an initiation system, 2- bromomethyl propionate and CuBr complexed by 4,4'-Di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine DThipy or 4,4'-di-(5-nonyl)-2,2'-bipyridine DNbipy were employed. Kinetic studies showed that the propagation rate ... |
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| Use of Colloidal Assemblies in Oxidative and Hydrolytic Decontamination |
11 JUN 96 |
|
| Authors:
Clifford A. Bunton; CALIFORNIA UNIV SANTA BARBARA
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| Oxidation kinetics of nontoxic sulfides by periodate or peroxymonosulfate ions in zwitterionic micelles have been analyzed quantitatively. Catalysis of dephosphorylation by metallomicelles is due to a high concentration of the catalyst at the micellar surface. Rate constants of dephosphorylation by OH and other nucleophiles in aqueous acetonitride, t-butyl alcohol or N-methyl pyrrolidinone go through minima with increasing amount of organic solvent due to effects on activity coefficient ratios of initial ... |
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| Adsorption and Catalytic Oxidation with Hydrogen Peroxide of Sulfide and Thioate Substrates |
04 JUN 96 |
191 pages |
| Authors:
Russell S. Drago; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| This report describes advances made in the catalytic oxidation of sulfides with transition metal complexes and H2O2. Also included is a discussion of a multiple equilibrium model for evaluating the adsorption properties of gases by solid adsorbents including porous carbon. |
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| Phosphorolytic and Membrane Mimetic Chemistry |
01 JUN 96 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Robert A. Moss; RUTGERS - THE STATE UNIV NEW BRUNSWICK NJ DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| The Scientific objectives of this project were the continued development of surfactant micelle and vesicle systems as reaction specific catalysts and synthetic membrane models. The principal foci of investigation were: (a) novel iodosocarboxylate catalysts for the decontamination of organophosphorus toxins and related simulants; and (b) the construction of synthetic bilayer membranes to explore the relation between lipid molecular structure and lipid dynamics within the membrane. The final Report briefly reviews ... |
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| An Evaluation of the Technical Feasibility of Photocatalytic Oxidation and Phase Transfer Catalysis for Destruction of Contaminants from Water |
JUN 96 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
John c. Crittenden; David W. Hand; Yin Zhang; Michael E. Mullins; MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIV HOUGHTON
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| Present efforts have developed photocatalysts best suited for the destruction of hydrophobic and hydrophilic organic contaminants. Using solar Insolation with Pt-TlO2 supported on silica gel, the best supported photocatalyst identified in a systematic evaluation, can mineralize trichioroethylene (8 mg/l) completely in a short time of 1.3 minutes. The destruction rate using this supported catalyst is four times greater than that using the optimized slurry made with the best photocatalyst Identified, ... |
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| Proceedings of the International Conference on Phosphorus Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements (13th) Held in Jerusalem, Israel on 16-21 July 1995. Part 1 |
JUN 96 |
662 pages |
| Authors:
Eli Breur; HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM (ISRAEL) DEPT OF PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY
|
| Partial contents: Fluorhydroxyapatites of Northern Europe and Their Thermal Transformations; Physical Properties of Calcium Phosphates Glasses with Various CaO/P2O5 Mole Ratios; Calcination of Negev Phosphorites and Possible Causes for Technological Problems; New Aspects of Solid State Transformation of Vanadium Phosphates Used as Catalysts for Selective Oxidation or Ammoxidation Reactions; The Solid-State NMR of P-S and P-Se Compounds - An Important Tool for the Structure Investigation; Qualitative and Quantitative Study of ... |
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| Analysis of Plyophen Adhesives Used in Self-Lubricating Bearings |
08 APR 96 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
B. L. Ta; NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER AIRCRAFT DIV WARMINSTER PA
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| Plyophen 23-900 and 23-057, two phenolic adhesives widely used in self-lubricating bearing applications, are being replaced with Plyophen 23-900X and 23-057X. The proposed alternatives are supposedly no different from the original adhesives since the change was made in the choice of catalyst used and then later removed during processing. A program was developed in which the basic material characteristics such as the chemical, mechanical, physical and thermal properties of the ... |
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| Military Culture a Paradigm Shift |
01 APR 1996 |
55 pages |
| Authors:
Karen O. Dunivin; AIR WAR COLL MAXWELL AFB AL
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| This paper examines social change in American military culture. Briefly, the analysis explores the current battle between the military's traditional "combat, masculine-warrior" (or CMW) paradigm of exclusion and the contradictory "evolving" model of culture characterized by inclusion and heterogeneity. Two recent cases illustrate this divergence between paradigm and model: women in combat and homosexuals in the military. The analysis next examines the long-term war of military culture, suggesting that the ... |
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| Historical Guideposts for a Revolution in Military Affairs |
MAR 96 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Frederic E. Abt; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
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| The United States Armed Forces are in a period conducive to a Revolution in Military Affairs(RMA) and have developed operational concepts for implementing this RMA. However, all services are constrained in this implementation by limited resources. A historical look, from the operational level of war, at previous attempts to realize a RMA provides relevant 'lessons learned' for contemporary military leaders. An analysis of the French inter- World War and Soviet ... |
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| Adsorption and Catalysis on Carbonaceous Adsorbents-Electronic Factors |
FEB 96 |
193 pages |
| Authors:
Edward G. Marchand; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
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| Two carbonaceous adsorbents made from polymeric materials were used in adsorption and catalytic oxidation experiments in the lab and the field. One was a phenolaldehyde based (Novoloid) fiber, Kuractive, used in a cloth or fabric form. The other was a sulfonated polystyrene divinylbenzene cross-linked polymer adsorbent, Ambersorb 572. Catalytic oxidation of trichloroethylene (TCE) at 110-250 deg C and space velocities of 36,000 to 73/hr (Empty Bed Contact Time, EBCT, 0.1 ... |
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| Polymer Concentration-Controlled Substrate Specificity in Solvolysis of p-Nitrophenyl Alkanoates Catalyzed by 4-(Dialkylamino)pyridine- Functionalized Polymer in Aqueous Methanol Solution |
96 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Guang-Jia Wang; Wilmer K. Fife; INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| The substrate specificity in solvolysis reactions of p-nitrophenyl alkanoates 2 (n=2-18) catalyzed by 4-(dialkylamino)pyridine-functionalized polymer 1 can be controlled by the concentration of 1 in 1:1 (v/v) methanol- water solution at pH 8.0 and 30 deg C. Below 1.0 x 10(exp-5) unit mol/L, macromolecule 1 exhibits substrate specificity for 2 (n=14). As the concentration of 1 increases to 2.5 x 10(exp-5) unit mol/ L, the substrate preference changes from 2 ... |
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| 'Designer Yeast,' A New Reagent for Enantioselective Baeyer-Villiger Oxidations |
96 |
98 pages |
| Authors:
Kieth W. Reed; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE
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| The catalytic repertoire of baker's yeast has been expanded to include enantioselective Baeyer-Villiger oxidations. To create this catalyst, the Acinetobacter sp. (NCIB 98%l) cyclohexanone monooxygenase gene was cloned into a yeast expression plasmid and this vector was used to transform baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Whole cell-mediated Baeyer-Villiger reactions were carried out on a 1.0 mmole scale and several cyclic ketones were converted in 20-30 hours into the corresponding lactones in ... |
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| Analysis of Advanced Oxidation Processes in a Hybrid Air Pollution Control System, 1996 |
1996 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Bradley A. Striebig; J. M. Schneider; T. A. Spaeder; M. R. Mallery; R. J. Heinsohn; F. S. Cannon; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV STATE COLLEGE
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| With the passage of the 1990 Clean Air Act, advanced oxidation processes have gained interest as an alternative for treating a variety of industrial air and waste water streams. These advanced oxidation processes are very attractive when contaminant compositions and concentrations in the air stream vary widely making typical catalytic incineration costly in terms of fuel and potential catalyst fouling. SERDP and the Marine Corps. Logistics Base have sponsored research ... |
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| Direct Kinetic Evidence for the Formation of an Acylpyridinium Intermediate in Synthetic p-Nitrophenyl Esterase-Catalyzed Hydrolysis Reactions |
96 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Guang-Jia Wang; Wilmer K. Fife; INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| The kinetics of the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl alkanoates 2 catalyzed by 1 were investigated in aqueous Tris buffer solution. Direct evidence for the existence of an N- acylpyridinium intermediate 3 was obtained for 1-catalyzed hydrolysis of 2 (n=2-10). Increase of the alkyl chain length leads to an increase in the acylation rate which reaches a maximum for 2 (n=6). The acylation rate then decreases progressively with further increases of alkyl ... |
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| An Internal Gelation Method for Forming Multilayer Microspheres and Product Thereof. |
26 DEC 1995 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald R. Price; Mariam Monshipouri; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
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| Microspheres, of controllable shape and size, encapsulating active ingredients, are made by the internally controlled gelation of an emulsion including a water-soluble polysaccharide, a salt of a di- or trivalent metal cation, a polymerization inhibitor, water, a water-immiscible solvent (as a non-aqueous phase), and the active ingredient. The components of the aqueous phase, containing the water-soluble polysaccharide, polymerization inhibitor, di- or trivalent metal salt, active substance, and water, are blended ... |
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| Nanocrystalline Systems For Protection, Detection and Demilitarization |
19 DEC 95 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Graetzel; ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE FEDERALE DE LAUSANNE (SWITZERLAND) INST DE CHIMIE PHYSIQU E
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| Ferritin, an ubiquitous biological iron-storage protein molecule, consists of 24 symmetrically related protein subunits forming a near-spherical hollow shell, apoferritin. The central cavity of the apoferritin shell is occupied by an iron core of ferrihydrite or 5Fe2 03. 9 H2O varying in crystallite structure (amorphous or crystalline) depending on the source of the ferritin which is widely distributed in nature (e.g., mammalian spleen, liver, heart or bacterial, plant or fungal ... |
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| Catalysis by Polymer Colloids |
12 DEC 95 |
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| Authors:
Warren T. Ford; OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV STILLWATER
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| The aim of this research is to understand how the properties of colloids affect their activity as catalysts and to design catalysts in aqueous colloids that have general activity for decontamination of chemical warfare agents. Polystyrene-based anion exchange latexes particles 200 nm in diameter promote the reactions of anions and neutral organic compounds in aqueous dispersions. They increase the intrinsic rate of reaction relative to that in water, and they ... |
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| Congressional Budget Reform and the 103rd Congress |
DEC 95 |
107 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew J. Turnley; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Only three times during this century has the United States Congress undergone a bipartisan, bicameral review of its internal operations. Those three reviews were conducted in 1946 1970 and most recently in 1992. The 102nd Congress enacted legislation in 1992 establishing a Joint Committee oii the Organization of Congress. Many factors indicated that the time was right to enact major congressional reforms including major budget reforms. This study focused specifically ... |
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| Selective Metallization Process. |
21 NOV 1995 |
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| Authors:
Gary S. Calabrese; Jeffrey M. Calvert; Mu-San Chen; Walter J. Dressick; Charles S. Dulcey; ARMY FOREIGN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CENTER CHARLOTTESVILLE VA
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| The invention is directed to a process for patterning a substrate in a selective pattern. In one embodiment, the process comprises the steps of forming a patterned coating over a substrate surface whereby portions of the substrate are covered by the patterned coating and portions of the substrate remain uncoated. A layer of a ligating material is coated over at least those portions of the substrate free of the patterned ... |
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| Catalytic Oxidation of Hydrogen Cyanide Over a Monolithic Oxidation Catalyst |
OCT 95 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
J. A. Rossin; GEO-CENTERS INC FORT WASHINGTON MD
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| The catalytic oxidation of hydrogen cyanide was evaluated over a monolithic oxidation catalyst at temperatures between 220 and 310 deg C in air employing feed concentrations between 200 and 20,000 ppm (241 and 24,100 mg/cu meters). Isothermal reaction rate data were measured by exposing the catalyst to various concentrations of hydrogen cyanide and recording the conversion as a function of residence time. Reaction rate data were correlated using a mathematical ... |
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| Pore Structure Model for Water and Contaminant Transport in Soil |
27 SEP 95 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Girard A. Simons; SIMONS RESEARCH ASSOCIATES LYNNFIELD MA
|
| The pore tree model of pore structure was developed for catalyst and sorbent grains to allow coupled reactions and diffusion into and out of immobile porous media in the absence of convection through the media. The pore tree model is extended herein to describe the permeable (mobile) pore structure which characterizes the subsurface transport of gas and water in soil, the dispersion of contaminants, and in-situ remediation. The interconnectivity of ... |
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| The Use of Colloidal Assemblies in Oxidative and Hydrolytic Decontamination |
31 AUG 95 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Clifford A. Bunton; CALIFORNIA UNIV SANTA BARBARA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| This report summarizes studies of model oxidative and hydrolytic reactions for destruction of sulfides and phosphorus (V) compounds. Effects of micelles, solvents, and acid catalysts have been treated quantitatively. |
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| Fundamental Studies on C-H Activation for Alkane Fuel Cell Applications |
15 AUG 95 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Harry B. Gray; Fred C. Anson; Jack L. Beauchamp; John E. Bercaw; Jay A. Labinger; CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH PASADENA
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| The objective of this project was to develop new chemistry that could be applied to an efficient fuel cell operating directly on organic fuels under ambient or near-ambient conditions. The report summarizes scientific accomplishments, including the discoveries that (a) soluble metal complexes offer potential advantages over traditional metal surfaces for hydrocarbon oxidation, although simultaneously optimizing the rate and potential for such oxidations (as is needed for fuel cell application) is ... |
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| The Effects of Ferrocenic and Carborane Derivative Burn Rate Catalysts in AP Composite Propellant Combustion: Mechanism of Ferrocene-Catalysed Combustion |
AUG 95 |
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| Authors:
T. T. Nguyen; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATION CANBERRA (AUSTRALIA)
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| The combustion of HTPB/AP propellants containing ferrocene-type and carborane-type burn rate catalysts was examined. The ferrocenic catalysts are good burn rate enhancers, but the carborane-type compounds showed little improvement, even at 3% catalyst concentration. An order of relative catalyst effectiveness was established for 1% catalyst concentration at 20 deg C. Examination reveals the enhancing effect of 1% Catocene is approximately equivalent to 0.5% Butacene. Characteristic surface features observed for the ... |
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| Chemistry of Silicon and Related Elements and High Energy Density |
30 JUN 95 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Mark S. Gordon; IOWA STATE UNIV AMES DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| The main goals in the previous grant period have been to develop new, more effective methods for performing accurate ab initio electronic structure calculations and to use these methods for the prediction of molecular structure, bonding and reactivity, especially for main group species and reactions of interest to the Air Force. From the theoretical point of view, the principle accomplishments have been extensive development of approaches and codes for performing ... |
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| Development of a Yeast RNA Vector |
26 JUN 95 |
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| Authors:
Michael J. Leibowitz; ROBERT WOOD JOHNSON MEDICAL SCHOOL PISCATAWAY NJ
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| RNA has been studied for use both as a vector for gene cloning in yeast and as a catalyst. RNA-based vectors for yeast are being developed based on the double-stranded RNA genome of killer virus of yeast. Although virus particles or cDNA clones transfect yeast spheroplasts, RNA derived from the virus or cDNA clones has not yet been successfully transferred to cells. In order to study catalysis by RNA enzymes ... |
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| Imine Bridged Planar Poly(p-phenylene) Derivatives for Maximization of Extended p-Conjugation. The Common Intermediate Approach |
07 JUN 95 |
57 pages |
| Authors:
Jaydeep J. Lamba; James M. Tour; SOUTH CAROLINA UNIV COLUMBIA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
|
| Described are two approaches to planar conjugated poly(p-phenylene) (PPP) derivatives. The first approach, involving lactam bridges, was unsuccessful due to the insolubility of the 6(511)-phenanthridinonyl moieties. The second approach, which utilized imine bridges, worked excellently since the compounds were generally soluble and the bridge formations were highly efficient. The main PPP backbone was synthesized via Pd(O)-catalyzed coupling of an arylbis(boronic ester) with an aryldibromide. Imine bridges, that are formed by ... |
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| TSA-CatOx for Air Purification and Purge Effluent Detoxification |
JUN 95 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Roy S. Brown; David K. Friday; David E. Tevault; EDGEWOOD RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The removal of toxic chemical vapors from air and the subsequent treatment of those chemicals is an ever-growing environmental problem. A unique system has been developed which is capable of removing toxic chemical vapors from air and detoxifying these chemical vapors, in situ. Temperature Swing Adsorption (TSA) is used to continuously remove the toxic constituents from the incoming air stream using a two-bed cyclic operation. During the desorption (purge) step ... |
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| Smoke from Long Chain Alcohols |
MAY 95 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
William E. White; Ronald S. Grieb; EDGEWOOD RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| A fuel composed principally of C11 to C14 hydrocarbons, JP-8, is too volatile to produce a persistent smoke cloud. Gas phase catalytic oxidation of the hydrocarbon components would yield new compounds (alcohols, carboxylic acids, and diols) that have lower vapor pressures. This report describes experiments to determine the merit of long chain alcohols for obscuration. Dodecanol (C12) produced effective smoke at ambient temperatures but was ineffective above 100 deg F. ... |
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| Surface Characterization of Cu-ion Implanted Single Crystal and Thin Film ZnO for Catalytic Applications |
MAY 95 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
J. S. Brodkin; D. Chadwick; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WATERTOWN MA MATERIALS DIRECTORATE
|
| Single crystals and thin films of zinc oxide were implanted with copper ions in order to study the catalytic properties of a mixed Cu-ZnO system. ZnO is widely used as a catalyst in the methanol synthesis reaction, and copper has been noted to have a synergistic effect on the rates and yields of reaction. The samples were characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) before and after implantation, and surface copper ... |
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| The Key Involvement of Poly (ADP-Ribosylation) in Defense against Toxic Agents. Molecular Biology Studies |
10 APR 95 |
|
| Authors:
Mark E. Smulson; GEORGETOWN UNIV WASHINGTON DC SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
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| Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) requires DNA for activity, and the catalytic activity of this enzyme is directly coordinated to the number of DNA strand breaks in DNA. Our laboratory, during an earlier AFOSR granting period was the first to isolate and clone a full-length cDNA for this enzyme. We also showed that this cDNA, in an appropriate vector, can be expressed in eukarvotic cells above endogenous levels. This has permitted direct ... |
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| Selective Vapor Deposition Using Films Cross-Reference to Related Application. |
04 APR 1995 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen J. Potochnik; Jeffrey M. Calvert; Pehr E. Pehrsson; David S. Hsu; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
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| The present invention is directed to the selective and non-selective vapor deposition of materials upon substrates. Vapor deposition is accomplished by providing a substrate having one or more chemical groups on its surface, the chemical groups being capable of bonding to a deposition catalyst, contacting a deposition catalyst to the chemical groups of the substrate and vapor depositing a material upon the catalyst via vapor deposition. The ... |
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| The Effects of Platinum on Nickel Electrodes in the Nickel Hydrogen Cell |
01 MAR 95 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Albert H. Zimmerman; AEROSPACE CORP EL SEGUNDO CA TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS
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| Under conditions of nickel precharge in nickel hydrogen cells, it is possible for platinum complex ions to form at the platinum catalyst electrode when no hydrogen is present. Platinum complex ions have been shown to interact with the active material in the nickel electrode to catalyze the formation of a nickel-cobalt compound within the active material lattice. This compound is readily identified by its characteristic voltage signature. A mechanism for ... |
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| Report to Congress on The Foreign Comparative Testing (FCT) Program for Fiscal Year 1994 |
MAR 1995 |
111 pages |
| Authors:
OFFICE OF THE UNDER SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (ACQUISITION AND TECHNOLOGY) WASHINGT ON DC
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| The Foreign Comparative Testing (FCT) Program is vital to supporting the U.S. policy of international armaments cooperation. The FCT Program reduces overall Department of Defense (DoD) acquisition costs by facilitating the procurement of nondevelopmental items (NDI). At the same time, it strengthens U. S. relationships within the international community. The FCT Program evaluates defense items of allied and other friendly nations to determine whether these items can satisfy DoD requirements ... |
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