| Simultaneous Multichannel Nonlinear Imaging: Combined Two-Photon Excited Fluorescence and Second-Harmonic Generation Microscopy |
JUL 2000 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
R. Gauderon; P. B. Lukins; C. J. Sheppard; SYDNEY UNIV (AUSTRALIA) SCHOOL OF PHYSICS
|
 | Simultaneous two-photon excited fluorescence (TPF) and second-harmonic generation (SHG) imaging is demonstrated using a single femtosecond laser and a scanning microscope. This composite nonlinear microscopic technique was applied to imaging DNA and chromosomes, and it was shown that the two different interaction mechanisms provide complementary information on the structure and nonlinear properties of these biological materials beyond that achievable using either TPF or SHG imaging alone. The use of separate ... |
|
| MR Imaging and Gene Therapy of Breast Cancer |
JUL 2000 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Min-Ying Su; CALIFORNIA UNIV IRVINE
|
| The main purpose of this Career Development Award is for the P.1. to receive training in the field of Cancer Biology and Virology, so that she can apply her expertise, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, for developing non-invasive techniques to monitor gene therapy induced cellular and vascular changes in breast cancer. In Yr-Ol I have received some training and all ended several courses. In Yr-O2 I have started to expand the experiments ... |
|
| C-Jun N-terminal Kinase and Apoptotic Signaling in Prostate Cancer |
JUL 2000 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Yi-Rong Chen; BAYLOR COLL OF MEDICINE HOUSTON TX
|
| Understanding the biochemical mechanisms of apoptosis is important for revealing cancer biology and for improving cancer therapies. The c-Jun N- terminal kinase (JNK) pathway participates in cellular responses to both environmental stresses and mitogenic signals. JNK is involved in cellular signaling during apoptosis induced by various agents including Gammay-radiation, UV-radiation, anti-carcinogenic isothiocyanates, and retinoid analog N-(4- hydroxyphenyl) retinamide (4-HPR) in various cancer cells. Interfering with the JNK pathway suppressed the ... |
|
| Potential Role of a Novel Nuclear Matrix Protein (nmt 55) as a Tumor Marker in Human Breast Cancer Invasion and Metastases |
JUL 2000 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew Pavao; Traish; BOSTON UNIV MA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| The goal of this proposal is to test the hypothesis that loss of expression of a novel protein contributes to tumor growth, invasion and metastases, and its expression suppresses these biological events. We have identified, isolated and partially characterized a 55 kDa nuclear matrix protein from human breast tumor cells (hence forth referred to as nmt55). This novel protein is expressed in some estrogen receptor positive (ER+) tumors but was ... |
|
| Sequence Motifs Specifying Homing and Metastasis to Bone |
JUL 2000 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Jose Luis Millan; BURNHAM INST LA JOLLA CA
|
| Our overall aim is to identify peptide motifs or molecules that may mediate the specific homing of metastatic tumor cells to bone. Our approaches involves the use of random peptide libraries expressed on the surface of filamentous phage as well as an expression cloning strategy using immortalized bone marrow stromal and endothelial cells to detect the binding of Cos-1 cells transfected with complementary DNAs from the bone metastatic MDA-MB-23 1 ... |
|
| Determining Gene Expression, Substrate Specificity and Natural Substrates for Prostate Associated Proteases |
JUL 2000 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Toshihiko Takeuchi; CALIFORNIA UNIV SAN FRANCISCO
|
| We work on serine proteases of the chymotrypsin fold due to the wealth of information that exists on structure-function relationships regarding this class of enzymes and the existence of potent and specific inhibitors that are readily available for their inhibition. In addition, understanding of the function of these proteases may lead to further insight into cancer biology and may lead to possible therapeutics. We have focused upon an enzyme known ... |
|
| Symposium on Synchronization of Chaotic Systems, 3-5 July 2000. Trieste, Italy |
JUL 2000 |
83 pages |
| Authors:
INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR THEORETICAL PHYSICS TRIESTE (ITALY)
|
| The Symposium took place at the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy from 3-5 July 2000. The two main thrusts were: (1) synchronization of systems of small numbers of elements, often two, such as lasers and circuits with applications to communications; and (2) ordering, synchronization and clustering in systems of large populations of elements with applications in biology and chemistry. This report consists of a symposium summary, ... |
|
| Molecular Engineering to Retarget Human Cytokines |
JUL 2000 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Rosenblum; M D ANDERSON CANCER CENTER HOUSTON TX
|
| Overexpression of HER2/neu in breast cancer is one mechanism responsible for cellular progression of the neoplastic phenotype. Overexpression of HER2/neu appears to result in reduced sensitivity to the cytotoxic effects of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and reduced sensitivity to immune effector killing. The single-chain antibody sfv23 recognizes the cell-surface domain of HER2/neu. The cDNA was fused to the cDNA encoding human TNF and cloned into an expression ... |
|
| A Structure Based, Solid Phase Synthesis Approach to the Development of Novel Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulatory Steroids |
JUN 2000 |
71 pages |
| Authors:
Robert Hanson; NORTHEASTERN UNIV BOSTON MA
|
| The objective of this project is the development of new chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of hormone responsive breast cancer using a structure-based, solid-phase synthesis approach. We have successfully linked an activated derivative of estradiol to a solid support and converted it to two different series of estrogen receptor ligands. We have begun the biological evaluation of these compounds and initail results suggest that ... |
|
| Function of Protein Phosphatase 2A in Control of Proliferation: Isolation and Analysis of Dominant-Defective Mutants |
JUN 2000 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Alison DeLong; BROWN UNIV PROVIDENCE RI
|
| Reversible protein phosphorylation plays a crucial role in the circuitry controlling diverse cellular processes, and the activities of phosphorylating and dephosphorylating enzymes must be carefully balanced in normal cells. It is well documented that many of these enzymes are constitutively expressed, but their activities are tightly regulated by a variety of post translational mechanisms. In the case of the serine/threonine- specific protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a catalytic subunit is bound ... |
|
| Neurotechnology for Biomimetic Robots |
16 MAY 2000 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph Ayers; Joel Davis; Alan Rudolph; NORTHEASTERN UNIV NAHANT MA MARINE SYSTEMS ENGINEERING LAB
|
| This award funded in part, the travel of three investigators to the international conference on Neurotechnology for Biomimetic Robots. The three investigators participated in a conference held at Northeastern University May 14-16 on the subject of 'Neurotechnology for Biomimetic Robots'. Each investigator contributed a chapter for a book of the same title that is being published by MIT Press. The book is to be published in Spring of 2002. The ... |
|
| DNA-Based Detecton of Ethanol-Producing Microorganisms in Postmortem Blood and Tissues by Polymerase Chain Reaction |
MAY 2000 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Nicole T. Vu; Arvind K. Chaturvedi; Dennis V. Canfield; John W Soper; Doris M. Kupfer; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| Forensic investigation of fatal aircraft accidents usually includes the analysis of biological samples for ethanol to establish if alcohol intoxication is a factor in the accidents. The quantitative aspects of ethanol are often complicated by postmortem putrefactive changes, leading to microbial fermentation-mediated production of alcohol and its subsequent redistribution. Without establishing the ethanol origin (antemortem consumption or postmortem production), a precise interpretation of the ... |
|
| Effect of Reproductive History on Mammary Epithelial Biology |
MAY 2000 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Lewis A. Chodosh; PENNSYLVANIA UNIV PHILADELPHIA
|
| Epidemiologic studies have highlighted the relationship between hormones and carcinogenesis in the breast by identifying endocrine risk factors for breast cancer that are related to the timing of reproductive endocrine events, such as menarche and menopause. This relationship is illustrated by the observation that women who undergo an early first full-tern pregnancy have a significantly reduced lifetime risk of breast cancer. We hypothesize that an early first full-term pregnancy results ... |
|
| The Relationship Between Corrosion and the Biological Sulfur Cycle |
APR 2000 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Brenda B. Little; RIchard I. Ray; Robert K. Pope; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| Most microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) takes place in the presence of microbial consortia in which many different physiological types of bacteria interact in complex ways within the structure of biofilms. Microbiologically-mediated oxidation and reduction reactions of sulfur and sulfur compounds are important contributors to MIC. Sulfur and sulfur compounds, including sulfides, bisulfides, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), thiosulfates, polythionates and sulfuric acid, may be trapped ... |
|
| Toward a Methodology for Evaluating the Impact of Situation Awareness on Unit Effectiveness of Dismounted Infantrymen |
APR 2000 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
L. Blackwell; Elizabeth S. Redden; ARMY SOLDIER AND BIOLOGICAL CHEMICAL COMMAND NATICK MA
|
| The United States (US) Department of Defense initiated a program in 1997 called the Military Operations in Urban Terrain Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration (MOUT ACTD). MOUT ACTD is a joint US Army-Marine Corps. program led by the US Army Soldier and Biological Chemical Command. The MOUT ACTD's charter is to seek technologies that satisfy 32 jointly derived requirements specific to operations in built up or urban areas. MOUT ACID evaluates ... |
|
| Description of the SSFATE Numerical Modeling System |
APR 2000 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Billy H. Johnson; E. Andersen; T. Isaji; Allen M. Teeter; Douglas G. Clarke; ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER
|
| This technical note describes the numerical modeling system SSFATE (Suspended Sediment FATE), which is being developed to compute suspended sediment fields resulting from dredging operations. Both theoretical aspects of the computations made within SSFATE and application aspects of the shell-based personal computer program are discussed. SSFATE was developed in response to a need for tools to assist dredging'project managers confronted by requests for environmental ... |
|
| Total Synthesis of Cryptophycin A and Analogs |
APR 2000 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Suzanne B. Buck; Gunda Georg; KANSAS UNIV LAWRENCE
|
| Cryptophycins are antimitotic metabolites isolated from an algae. By interacting with tubulin, Cryptophycin A induces apoptosis. Preliminary in vivo studies showed that the cryptophycins are active against breast tumors. To date, structure-activity relationship studies regarding the C3 and ClO side chains have not been fully probed. The synthesis of the epi-C3 cryptophycin analogues has been completed. Scale-up of the synthesis is underway so full characterization and the biological testing can ... |
|
| Contracting for Anthrax Vaccine |
22 MAR 2000 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
INSPECTOR GENERAL DEPT OF DEFENSE ARLINGTON VA
|
| This audit was requested by Congressman Walter B. Jones to review the financial and contractual relationship between the DoD and BioPort Corporation, the sole U.S. manufacturer of the anthrax vaccine. Specifically, Congressman Jones requested we review the renegotiation of the sole source Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed contract that increased financial assistance to BioPort Corporation. In 1970, the Food and Drug Administration granted the only Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed license ... |
|
| Fish Immune Response as Biomarkers |
MAR 2000 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Judith T. Zelikoff; NEW YORK UNIV MEDICAL CENTER TUXEDO NY
|
| Aquatic species are exposed to chemical contaminants that leach into the water from neighboring dump-sites or are directly discharged there. Heavily polluted water affects the health of aquatic life by, among other things, enhancing the incidence of infectious diseases. In light of the fact that: fish are directly-exposed in the water to toxic chemicals; the immune system is an extremely sensitive indicator for detecting the ... |
|
| Prescribed Burn at Pine Bluff Arsenal |
MAR 2000 |
80 pages |
| Authors:
Lance Peacock; Douglas Zollber; Scott Simon; NATURE CONSERVANCY LITTLE ROCK AR
|
| Previous to the establishment of the arsenal in 1941 the area was a mix of farms and forest. The area was cutover for timber before 1920. The flat areas were cultivated and steeper area used as woodlots and grazing for cattle and hogs. Abandoned fields grew up in pine or in some cases were planted in pine during the 1930's. The burning of farm stubble and woodlands ... |
|
| Proceedings of Asilomar Conference on Polymeric Materials (23rd) Held inPacific Grove, California on 6-9 February 2000 |
22 FEB 2000 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Eric Baer; CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV CLEVELAND OHDEPT OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE
|
| At the 2000 Asilomar Conference on Polymeric Materials, emphasis was on tunable properties in polymeric materials. The conference included such topics as tunable optical polymers, assembly of intelligent molecules, biomolecular recognition of semiconductor and magnetic systems, smart surfaces, and molecular machines. Both synthetic polymeric materials and biological systems were considered. Special emphasis was on such issues as the integration with inorganic, polymeric, and biological ... |
|
| Large Scale Biologically Realistic Models of Cortical Microcircuit Dynamics with Application to Novel Statistical Classifiers (Pilot Investigation) |
31 JAN 2000 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Philip H. Goodman; Sushil J. Louis; Henry Markram; NEVADA UNIV RENO
|
| The purpose of this project was to better understand brain-like network dynamics by incorporated biological parameters into large-scale computer simulations using parallel distributed "Beowulf" clustering. Milestones included improved single- processor efficiency of 24-fold. On multiprocessor clusters, initial time trials on - networks of 2 to 1000 cells suggests that the total time does not depend as heavily on the product (connection probability) x (N cells)squared, but ... |
|
| Toxicokinetics of O-EthylS- (2-Diisopropylaminoethyl) Methylphosphonothioate ((+) - VX) in Rats, Hairless Guinea Pigs and Marmosets - Identifications of Metabolic Pathways |
JAN 2000 |
|
| Authors:
Hendrik P. Benschop; Marcel J. van der Schans; Jan P. Langenberg; PRINS MAURITS LABORATORIUM TNO RIJSWIJK(NETHERLANDS)
|
 | Methodology for the quantitative analysis of (j)-VX and 0-ethyl methylphosphonic acid was developed. Moreover a chiral HPLC method was developed where the ratio of the enantiomers of (+/-)-VX could be determined in biological samples. The toxicokinetics of (+/-)-VX and its metabolites were studied in male hairless guinea pigs for the intravenous (i.v.) and percutaneous (p.c.) routes, and in marmosets for the i.v. route, in order to provide a ... |
|
| Information and Biological Revolutions: Global Governance Challenges Summary of a Study Group |
2000 |
|
| Authors:
Francis Fukuyama; Caroline S. Wagner; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
|
| This report summarizes the issues that arose and the discussions held during the meetings of a 1998-1999 study group focusing on global governance of information technology and biotechnology. The goal was to bring a policy perspective LONG RANGE(DISTANCE),XTto bear on a discussion of new technological developments through a series of free-flowing and exploratory presentations and discussions. An important part of this effort involved bringing together experts ... |
|
| Stream and Aquifer Biology of South-Central Texas - A Literature Review, 1973-97 |
2000 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Robert T. Ourso; C. E. Hornig; DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR WASHINGTON DC
|
| This report summarizes in table format 32 aquatic vertebrate (primarily fish), 54 aquatic invertebrate, and 13 aquatic plant studies available for the area of the South-Central Texas study unit of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water- Quality Assessment. The studies, published mostly during 1973-97, pertain to the Guadalupe, San Antonio, and Nueces River Basins, the San Antonio-Nueces and Nueces-Rio Grande Coastal Basins, and the Edwards aquifer where it underlies the ... |
|
| Biologically Inspired Guidance for Tactical Munitions |
2000 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Johnny H. Evers; Martin F. Wehling; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EGLIN AFB FL MUNITIONS DIRECTORATE
|
| Advances in new propulsion, materials, sensors, micro-electronics, and micro-manufacturing technologies offer the potential for constructing future low cost autonomous tactical munitions that, singly or cooperatively, exhibit behavior that approaches the complexity and flexibility of simple biological systems. Associated with achieving this potential is the requirement to perform complex computations in real-time that are far beyond even the projected capabilities of supercomputers running state-of-the-art mathematical computational algorithms. Challenges include context dependent ... |
|
| A Field Study of Surface Nutrient Enrichment in the California Current |
10 DEC 1999 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Loren R. Haury; SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY LA JOLLA CA MARINE LIFE RESEARCH GROUP
|
| The research detailed the vertical, horizontal, and temporal structure of surface nutrient enrichment in the southern California Current. High-resolution data shows what was once thought to be a single unique characteristic of some nutrient profiles is two separate features, one in the mixed layer, the other in the pycnocline. (A) In a mixed layer, nutrients can increase from at or above the pycnocline to the ... |
|
| Genetically Engineered Microorganisms Containing Streptavidin for Environmental Monitoring |
01 DEC 1999 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Charles R. Cantor; BOSTON UNIV MA
|
| This project had three specific aims. The first was the design, creation, and testing of genetically engineered microorganisms that degrade specific hazardous compounds and then self-destruct under natural environmental conditions. The second was to design and characterize novel self-assembly systems to generate small structural biomaterials for biological and materials science applications. The third was to develop sensitive monitoring systems for microorganisms usable in the ... |
|
| Proceedings of the Workshop: Development of Biological Decision Support Systems for Resource Managers |
DEC 1999 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
James Getter; Terry D'Erchia; Ralph Root; GEOLOGICAL SURVEY FORT COLLINS CO BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES DIV
|
| The format for this 3-day workshop (27-29 October 1998) included plenary presentations by USGS Biological Resources Division (BRD) and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service personnel who use and develop decision support systems (DSS); breakout sessions addressing DSS technical information aspects, outreach/ customer requirements, and future perspectives; and a DSS Steering Committee meeting to evaluate workshop goals and to provide guidance for future efforts. Steering committee action items developed from workshop ... |
|
| Estrogen Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Risk |
DEC 1999 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Habs-Olov G. Adami; Landegran; UPPSALA UNIV (SWEDEN)
|
| TO TEST THE HYPOTHESIS THAT INDIVIDUAL VARIATION IN THE SENSITIVITY TO ESTROGENS, WHETHER FROM ENDOGENOUS OR EXOGENOUS SOURCES, AFFECTS WOMAN 5 RISK OF BREAST CANCER. Scope: to test i(the variability in responses to estrogens in women may be determined by a functionally significant variation in the estrogen receptor alpha (ER) though which estrogens' exert biologic effects. The ER polymorphisms under study are: xba I, Pvu II ... |
|
| Community Ecology of the Central Gyre of the North Pacific |
30 NOV 1999 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
John McGowan; SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY LA JOLLA CA MARINE LIFE RESEARCH GROUP
|
| Extensive data analysis and computer graphics of physical, chemical and biological data from the central subtropical North Pacific were performed. These were from our own crusies and from the NODC data bank. These are intended to illustrate the book in progress. The book is about the pelagic community ecology of the central gyre of the North Pacific (see appendix). Chapter one includes studies of paleo-circulation, ... |
|
| Enhancement of Laboratory and Field Instruction in Environmental Science, Biology, and Chemistry Degree Programs at University of the Incarnate Word |
12 OCT 1999 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
William F. Thomann; S. B. Kong; Sara F. Kerr; UNIVERSITY OF THE INCARNATE WORD SAN ANTONIO TX
|
| The project provided state-of-the-art training to students on the use of modern field and laboratory equipment in Environmental Science, Chemistry and Biology enabling students to apply their new knowledge and skills on analyzing environmental problems, and educating students on the benefits of using an interdisciplinary approach to solve environmental problems. Investigators of this grant have successfully concluded courses involving field and laboratory instruction in Environmental Science, Chemistry, and Biology during ... |
|
| Role of the EGF-Related Growth Factor Cripto in Murine Mammary Tumorigenesis |
OCT 1999 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Michael M. Shen; ROBERT WOOD JOHNSON MEDICAL SCHOOL PISCATAWAY NJ
|
| We have been investigating the biological and biochemical functions of the Cripto gene, which encodes an extraceliular protein that is a member of the EGF-CFC gene family, and which has been implicated in autocrine or paracrine signaling during human breast carcinogenesis. To elucidate the potential role of Cripto in mammary development and tumorigenesis, we have been investigating the in vivo activities of Cripto using transgenic mice that overexpress Cripto in ... |
|
| Lifetime Alcohol Exposure and Breast Cancer |
OCT 1999 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Jo Freudenheim; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK COLL AT BUFFALO
|
| This case-control study examines breast cancer risk in relation to lifetime alcohol consumption. Subjects are 960 pre-and post-menopausal women, age 35-79, from Erie and Niagara counties in New York State, with incident, pathologically confirmed breast cancer. Most controls have been interviewed as part of another study that has just ended. Controls are randomly selected and frequency matched to cases on age, race and county of ... |
|
| Protective Mechanisms Against Apoptic Neurodegeneration in the Substantia Nigra |
SEP 1999 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Neil Aronin; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV MEDICAL SCHOOL WORCESTER
|
| The overall goal in this proposal is to understand the mechanisms by which neurotoxicity and excitotoxicity destroy cells in the substantia nigra. Our hypothesis to test this idea is that c-JUN kinase (JNK), specifically the subtype JNK3, mediates degeneration of substantia nigra neurons after exposure to MPTP or glutamate excitotoxicity. Results in the first year of the project indicate that glutamate agonists at NMDA and ... |
|
| Stress and Arousal Symptoms in Individuals and Groups - Persian Gulf WarSymptoms as a Paradigm |
SEP 1999 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Sarah B. Dine; David H. Marlowe; Ann E. Norwood; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD DEPT OF PSYCHIATRY
|
| This volume is a final report for the grant, Stress and Arousal Symptoms in Individuals and Groups - The Persian Gulf War Symptoms as a Paradigm. This report makes a series of recommendations, some general, and some quasi-specific for future patterns of research into the somatic and other consequences of combat stress, deployment stress and other stresses of military life. It is our conclusion that ... |
|
| Regulation of Androgen Responses in Prostate Cancer by BAG-1 |
SEP 1999 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
John C. Reed; BURNHAM INST LA JOLLA CA
|
| Androgen ablation therapy and anti-androgenic drugs represent the principal treatments for metastatic prostate cancer. However, nearly all tumors eventually relapse as hormone- refractory disease. A need therefore exists for better understanding of the mechanisms that allow prostate cancer cells to grow in an androgen - independent manner. This study focuses on BAG-l, a protein that is expressed in prostate cancers and which binds to androgen receptors, increasing their sensitivity to ... |
|
| The Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Potential Ricin Toxin Inhibitors |
SEP 1999 |
|
| Authors:
Raymond M. Dawson; Malcolm R. Alderton; Mark von ltzstein; Jeffrey C. Dyason; Milica Radovanovic; AERONAUTICAL AND MARITIME RESEARCH LAB MELBOURNE (AUSTRALIA)
|
| Examination of the X-ray crystal structure of the B-chain of ricin, and conformational analysis of a range of ligands within the two binding sites, have identified areas of the natural ligand, D-galactose, which contribute to binding. In particular, modification to the C4 position of Beta- D-galactose results in significant alteration to binding, as highlighted in calculated binding energies. These studies suggested that the introduction of ... |
|
| An Ecological Land Survey for Fort Wainwright, Alaska |
SEP 1999 |
92 pages |
| Authors:
M. T. Jorgenson; Joanna E. Roth; Martha K. Raynolds; Michael D. Smith; Will Lentz; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
|
| An ecological land survey (ELS) of Fort Wainwright land was conducted to map ecosystems at three spatial scales to aid in the management of natural resources. In an ELS, an attempt is made to view landscapes not just as aggregations of separate biological and earth resources, but as ecological systems with functionally related parts that can provide a consistent conceptual framework for ecological applications. Field surveys at 109 sites along ... |
|
| Functional Analysis of a Novel Transcription Factor That is Amplified and Overexpressed in Breast Cancer |
SEP 1999 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Paul Yaswen; CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY
|
| DNA amplification at chromosome position 20q13.2 is common in breast cancer, correlates with poor prognosis, and may reflect the presence of an important oncogene that has not been previously characterized. A candidate oncogene in this region, ZNF2l7, whose level of expression matches degree of amplification, has been identified through gene mapping and expression studies. To begin to understand how ZNF2l7 overexpression contributes to breast cancer progression, in vitro studies are ... |
|
| Isolation of Breast Tumor Suppressor Genes from Chromosome lip |
SEP 1999 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Pratima Karnik; CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION OH
|
| We have previously shown that chromosome lip 15.5 exhibits loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in 60% of breast tumors, and that there is a significant correlation between lip LOH, lymphatic invasion and aggressive metastatic disease. Our data suggests that chromosome lip 15.5 harbors a metastasis suppressor gene. An intriguing candidate gene that we have mapped to the metastasis suppressor locus on chromosome lip15.5 is integrin-linked kinase ... |
|
| Contexts for Training |
SEP 1999 |
|
| Authors:
James Bosco; John Morrison; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| This document proposes research areas for computer science based upon insights into biological systems. Both humans in a combat environment and other biological systems subject to stress are considered. The briefings in the document were presented as a workshop at the Krasnow Institute as sponsored primarily by the Office of Naval Research. The briefings are designed to be sequential and mutually supporting. They discuss the combat ... |
|
| Analysis of Investigational Drugs in Biological Fluids- Method Development and Analysis of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Samples |
SEP 1999 |
170 pages |
| Authors:
Emil T. Lin; CALIFORNIA UNIV SAN FRANCISCO
|
| Using the procedures described in this report, we were able to work sequentially or simultaneously on development, validation and characterization of assays for WR 6026 (and its metabolites, WR 211789 and WR 254421), mefloquine (and its metabolite, WR 160972), p-aminoheptanophenone (and related compounds), WR 242511, halofantrine (and its metabolite, WR 178,460, and their stereoisomers), chioroquine (and its metabolites, monodesethylchloroquine and didesethyldiloroquine), WR 243,251, WR ... |
|
| Synthesis of Epothilone Analogs: Toward the Development of Potent Anticancer Drugs |
AUG 1999 |
|
| Authors:
Chul B. Lee; Samuel J. Danishefshsky; SLOAN-KETTERING INST FOR CANCER RESEARCH NEW YORK
|
| The epothilones are naturally occurring cytotoxic molecules that possess a remarkable ability to arrest cell division through the stabilization of microtuble assemblies. The in vitro and in vivo studies with desoxyepothilone B (dEpoB) have established that the desoxy compound is well tolerated and virtually curative against a variety of sensitive and resistant xenograft tumors in animal models. In light of these discoveries, a new analogue, 2l-hydroxy-12, 13-desoxyepothilone B (dEpoF), has ... |
|
| Social Support and Endocrine Function: A Randomized Trial with Breast Cancer Patients |
AUG 1999 |
127 pages |
| Authors:
Deanne M. Golden-Kreutz; OHIO STATE UNIV COLUMBUS
|
| While there is clear evidence that psychologicaI/behavioral interventions with cancer patients provide adjustment and coping benefits (Mark & Meyer, 1995) as well as positive immune and survival benefits (Fawzy et al., 1993; Speigel et al., 1989), the mechanisms for the benefits of such groups are not clearly understood. We proposed that one of the mechanisms for the success of intervention groups may be through the provision of social support. Thus, ... |
|
| Characterization of a Novel Tumor Suppressor Gene, mda-7, and It's Ability to Induce Apoptosis |
AUG 1999 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Malavi Madireddi; Paul Fisher; COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK
|
| Information on targets for anticancer therapy that are most likely to lead to cancer cell death and/or cessation of growth is necessary. Human melanoma cells exhibit irreversible growth arrest and terminally differentiate on treatment with recombinant human fibroblast intefferon-beta (lFN-beta) and a protein kinase C activator meserein (MEZ). To identify and characterize the milieu of gene expression alterations associated with growth arrest and differentiation we applied subtraction hybridization. One of ... |
|
| Design and Synthesis of New Breast Cancer Chemotherapeutic Agents |
AUG 1999 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey D. Winkler; PENNSYLVANIA UNIV PHILADELPHIA
|
| This proposal is directed towards the development of new chemotherapeutic agents based on the mechanism of action of Taxol. The recent discovery of two other natural products, epothilone and discodermolide, that operate by the same unique mechanism of action as Taxol, i.e., microtubule stabilization, provides a unique opportunity for a collaborative approach using synthetic and computational studies for the elucidation of the pharmacophore common to these structurally dissimilar substances. Such ... |
|
| Predoctoral Training in Breast Cancer Detection and Treatment |
AUG 1999 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
John S. Leigh; PENNSYLVANIA UNIV PHILADELPHIA
|
| Our training program in the detection and treatment of breast cancer has provided an excellent training opportunity to those interested in pursuing research careers in this interdisciplinary area. We have structured our program so that each of the four predoctoral trainees were assigned dual advisors. Each trainee was supervised by a well trained basic scientists as well as a clinician. In addition, each trainee attended ... |
|
| A Modulator of FGFs in Breast Cancer |
AUG 1999 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
Violaine K. Harris; Benjamin L. Kagan; GEORGETOWN UNIV WASHINGTON DC
|
| Growth factors, tumor angiogenesis and metastasis One of the pivotal roles of locally-acting polypeptide growth factors is the induction of new blood vessels in a healing wound as well as in growing tumors. It has been shown in numerous studies with different approaches that a solid tumor cannot grow beyond a few millimeters in size without sufficient blood supply. In addition to the nourishing function of tumor ... |
|
| Application and Development of Biological AFM for the Study of BacterialToxins |
12 JUL 1999 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Jie Yang; VERMONT UNIV BURLINGTON DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| The support from the U.S. Army Research Office has allowed us to develop novel instrumentation and methods to use state-of-the-art atomic force microscopy in biological applications. We have developed several methods to facilitate high-resolution structural studies of supported membranes, revealing their structural and functional behaviors that have eluded being discovered with other conventional methods. These studies have also established a solid foundation for our structural ... |
|
Reports by Keyword(s)
BIOLOGY
