| European Union Enlargement: A Status Report on Turkey's Accession Negotiations |
01-Dec-2009 |
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| Authors:
Carol Migdalovitz; Vincent Morelli; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
 | October 2009 marked the fourth anniversary of the European Union's decision to proceed with formal negotiations with Turkey toward full membership in the Union. And, on October 15, the European Commission issued its fourth formal report on Turkey's accession progress. The Commission's 2009 report, like its previous reports, was marked by a mixed assessment of Turkey's accomplishments thus far in working through the various chapters of the accession process that ... |
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| European Union Enlargement: A Status Report on Turkey's Accession Negotiations |
20-Oct-2009 |
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| Authors:
Carol Migdalovitz; Vincent Morelli; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| October 2009 marks the fourth anniversary of the European Union's decision to proceed with formal negotiations with Turkey toward full membership in the Union. And, on October 15, the European Commission issued its fourth formal report on Turkey's accession progress. The Commission's 2009 report, like its previous reports, was marked by a mixed assessment of Turkey's accomplishments thus far in working through the various chapters of the accession process that ... |
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| European Union Enlargement: A Status Report on Turkey's Accession Negotiations |
08-Oct-2009 |
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| Authors:
Carol Migdalovitz; Vincent Morelli; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| October 2009 marks the fourth anniversary of the European Unions decision to proceed with formal negotiations with Turkey toward full membership in the Union. It will also mark the fourth time a formal report on Turkeys accession progress will be issued by the European Commission. The occasion will likely be marked by a mixed assessment of Turkey's accomplishments thus far in working through the various chapters of the accession process ... |
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| Religious Education and the Prevention of Islamic Radicalization: Albania, Britain, France and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia |
Sep-2009 |
103 pages |
| Authors:
Ioannis Kagioglidis; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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 | This thesis examines the potential contribution of religious education to preventing Islamic extremism in Albania, Britain, France, and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM). The existence of large Muslim populations in each of these four countries, combined with the fact that a growing number of young Muslims have become members of terrorist networks, constitutes a security threat to the whole Western world. In recent years, several terrorist incidents have ... |
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| France: Factors Shaping Foreign Policy, and Issues in U.S.-French Relations |
20-May-2009 |
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| Authors:
Paul Belkin; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| The factors that shape French foreign policy have changed since the end of the Cold War. The perspectives of France and the United States have diverged in some cases, although their core interests remain similar. Both countries' governments have embraced the opportunity to build stability in Europe through an expanded European Union and NATO. Each has recognized that terrorism and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction are the most ... |
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| German Foreign and Security Policy: Trends and Transatlantic Implications |
20-May-2009 |
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| Authors:
Paul Belkin; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| German Chancellor Angela Merkel took office in November 2005 promising a foreign policy anchored in a revitalized transatlantic partnership. Most observers agree that since reaching a low-point in the lead-up to the Iraq war in 2003, relations between the United States and Germany have improved. U.S. officials and many Members of Congress view Germany as a key U.S. ally, have welcomed German leadership in Europe, and voiced expectations for increased ... |
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| Future of the Balkans and U.S. Policy Concerns |
13-May-2009 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| The United States, its allies, and local leaders have achieved substantial successes in the Balkans since the mid-1990s. The wars in the region have ended, and all of the countries are undertaking political and economic reforms at home and orienting their foreign policies toward Euro-Atlantic institutions. However, difficult challenges remain, including dealing with the impact of Kosovo's independence, fighting organized crime and corruption, bringing war criminals to justice, and reforming ... |
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| Bosnia: Current Issues and U.S. Policy |
01-Apr-2009 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| In recent years, many analysts have expressed concern that the international community's efforts since 1995 to stabilize Bosnia are beginning to come apart. They noted that the downward trend has been especially evident since 2006, with the election of leaders with starkly divergent goals. Milorad Dodik, Prime Minister of the Republika Srpska (RS), one of the two semi-autonomous entities within Bosnia, has obstructed efforts to make Bosnia's central government more ... |
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| EU-U.S. Economic Ties: Framework, Scope, and Magnitude |
20-Mar-2009 |
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| Authors:
William H Cooper; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| The U.S.-European Union (EU) economic relationship is the largest in the world -- and it is growing. The modern U.S.-European economic relationship has evolved since World War II, broadening as the 6-member European Community expanded into the present 27-member European Union. The ties also have become more complex and interdependent, covering a growing number and type of trade and financial activities. In 2008, $1,571.2 billion flowed between the United States ... |
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| Anti-Radicalization Efforts within the European Union: Spain and Denmark |
Mar-2009 |
91 pages |
| Authors:
Colin M Tansey; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| Since 11 September 2001, the specter of Islamic terrorism has become of increasing concern. The 11 March 2004 Madrid train bombings, the 7 July 2005 London subway bombings, and the 20 June 2007 Glasgow Airport attack brought home the threat of Islamic terrorism to the European Union (EU). The European Union and its member states have taken different approaches to dealing with this newly recognized threat. Overall, the EU has ... |
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| The European Union's Human Security Doctrine: A Critical Analysis |
Mar-2009 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
Lisa C Berg; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| The term human security first officially appeared on the scene of international relations in 1994, with a report by the United Nations Human Development Program. The concept has fast been gaining supporters and sparking associated intellectual debate. It challenges the traditional concept of security by contending that the central focus of security efforts should be the individual human being, not the nation state, as has been -- and remains -- ... |
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| Galileo: Power, Pride, and Profit. The Relative Influence of Realist, Ideational, and Liberal Factors on the Galileo Satellite Program |
31-Jan-2009 |
361 pages |
| Authors:
Michael P Gleason; GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV WASHINGTON DC GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
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| This study is about the European navigation satellite program dubbed Galileo and its ability to survive to date in the face of many serious obstacles. The study seeks to understand Galileo's ability to survive by answering two basic research questions: (1) Did realist factors, liberal factors, or ideational factors weigh the most heavily on European decision makers' assessments of the need for Galileo?; and (2) Are European decision makers' assessments ... |
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| Missions and Challenges of the European Battlegroups |
22-Jan-2009 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Robert W DeJong; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
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| The European Union (EU) has developed European Union Battlegroups (EU BGs) designed to be a rapid response force dedicated to small-scale crisis management situations. The EU BGs are 1500-man task forces capable of short-duration standalone operations that can be deployed on short notice (5-10 days) and that are self-sustainable for 30 days. There are 15 battlegroups established consisting of multi-national contributions. The groups rotate on 6-month standby deployment cycles, meaning ... |
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| Security without the United States? Europe's Perception of NATO |
Jan-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Klaus Naumann; AIR UNIV MAXWELL AFB AL
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| For nearly 60 years, Europe has benefited from America's willingness to view European security as part of its own and to extend the umbrella of extended nuclear deterrence over it. During the Cold War, it was the United States above all that prevented war in Europe, in particular in the form of a nuclear first strike, which the Soviet Union had planned. After the end of the Cold War, it ... |
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| Asymmetric Interdependence: Do America and Europe Need Each Other? |
Jan-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Beate Neuss; CHEMNITZ UNIV OF TECHNOLOGY (GERMANY)
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| Under President Obama, the transatlantic allies are largely of one view about the tasks and threats that lie ahead in the 21st century. In the search for a correlation of interests -- whether it be in combating terrorism, shaping the world's financial systems, formulating climate policy, or dealing with matters of human rights, nonproliferation, or Middle East policy -- it soon becomes evident that there exists a greater congruency of ... |
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| Turkey's Membership in the European Union: Analyzing Potential Benefits and Drawbacks |
Dec-2008 |
91 pages |
| Authors:
Abdi Pehlivan; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| Relations between Turkey and European integration institutions began with Turkey's application for associate membership in the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1959. Turkey applied for full membership in the EEC in 1987 but did not gain candidate status until 1999. Since 1999, relations between Turkey and the European Union (EU) have gained momentum, and Turkey's EU accession negotiations began in 2005. Since that time, discussions about the implications of Turkey's ... |
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| Transatlantic Regulatory Cooperation: a Possible Role for Congress |
07-Nov-2008 |
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| Authors:
Raymond J Ahearn; Vincent Morelli; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| The United States and the European Union (EU) share a comprehensive, dynamic, and mutually beneficial economic relationship. Transatlantic markets are among the most open in the world and are deeply integrated. However, the existence of regulatory barriers limits an even more integrated market from materializing. The United States and the EU have engaged in a number of attempts to reduce remaining non-tariff and regulatory barriers to trade. In the most ... |
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| The Republic of Macedonia: Implementing the Ohrid Framework Agreement and Reforming the State |
01-Sep-2008 |
119 pages |
| Authors:
George A Tsukatos; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| The Republic of Macedonia (ROM) remained peaceful during the violent breakup of Yugoslavia. However, the 1999 Kosovo refugee crisis combined with a large, disgruntled ethnic Albanian minority triggered an ethnic conflict between the Macedonian security forces and Albanian rebels in February 2001. Hostilities ended with the signing of the Ohrid Framework Agreement in August 2001. The agreement called for an end to the violence and provided concessions towards Albanian grievances. ... |
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| The Influence of Key International Actors (U.S.-E.U.) and Kemalists on Turkey's Attitude Toward its Kurdish Minority |
01-Jun-2008 |
107 pages |
| Authors:
Panagiotis Oikonomopoulos; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| This thesis seeks to examine the way key international actors (U.S.-E.U.) and the Kemalists have shaped and currently influence Turkey's attitude toward its Kurdish minority. The tough negotiations on Turkey's accession to the E.U. since 2005, and the de facto establishment of an autonomous Kurdish entity in northern Iraq following the 2003 U.S. military intervention, have brought the Kurds plight into the limelight. These developments have involved the United States ... |
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| Turkey's Role in NATO-European Union Cooperation |
01-Jun-2008 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Saltuk B Arkali; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| This thesis analyzes the significant role of Turkey in cooperation between NATO and the European Union (EU). It first examines Turkish-EU relations during the period 1991-1999, when the EU relied on the Western European Union (WEU) as its instrument for security and defense matters. The years 1995-1999 were especially fruitful, because Turkey was an associate member of the WEU and participated fully in relevant EU decision making. After the emergence ... |
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| The EU Arms Embargo on China, from 2001 to the Present: Implications for the United States |
01-Jun-2008 |
105 pages |
| Authors:
Jano R Carlson; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| Since 2001, the status of the EU arms embargo on China has had important implications for the United States. As an issue in the U.S.-EU, China-EU, and China-U.S. bilateral relationships, the status of the embargo has both been perpetuated and weakened by issues relating to security, human rights, and trade. The embargo debate continues to raise awareness on these issues as well as on competing interests and concerns over the ... |
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| Russia's Energy Policies and Ukraine's NATO Candidacy |
01-Jun-2008 |
87 pages |
| Authors:
Mark A Imblum; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| NATO enlargement and the European Union's growing dependence on external energy supplies controlled by Russia have simultaneously developed into crucial security issues in Europe. The emerging interaction between Alliance enlargement and energy policies may yet affect Ukraine's future relationship with NATO as well as Russia and even determine which direction NATO takes regarding Ukraine's candidacy for membership. As the leading natural gas exporter with the largest proven gas reserves in ... |
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| Echoes Across the Pond: Understanding EU-US Defense Industrial Relationships |
20-May-2008 |
140 pages |
| Authors:
Chip Franck; Ira Lewis; Bernard Udis; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC POLICY
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| This report represents the authors' efforts to provide a useful, albeit partial, understanding of the international defense marketplace which we view as changing toward increasing complexity. In pursuit of that objective, we provide a brief overview of international defense markets in the context of both changes in military affairs and the various defense industrial bases. In analyzing the defense market, we essay multiple analytical frameworks (along the lines of Essence ... |
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| Serbia: Current Issues and U.S. Policy |
14 MAY 2008 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Serbia faces an important crossroads in its development. It is seeking to integrate into the European Union (EU), but its progress has been hindered by a failure to arrest four remaining indicted war criminals and by tensions with the United States and the EU over the independence of Serbia's Kosovo province. The United States recognized Kosovo's independence on February 18, 2008. Britain, France, Germany, Italy and most other EU countries ... |
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| GPS and Galileo: Friendly Foes? |
01-May-2008 |
84 pages |
| Authors:
Roftiel Constantine; AIR UNIV MAXWELL AFB AL
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| In "GPS and Galileo: Friendly Foes?," Lt. Col. Roftiel Constantine, USAF, analyzes the heated competition to provide service from high in the skies of medium earth orbit. The European Union (EU) is developing Galileo, its own global positioning and navigation satellite system, scheduled to be operational by 2010. The EU states that Galileo will provide greater precision to all users than is currently available from the United States' global positioning ... |
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| German Foreign and Security Policy: Trends and Transatlantic Implications |
29 APR 2008 |
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| Authors:
Paul Belkin; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| German Chancellor Angela Merkel took office in November 2005 promising a foreign policy anchored in a revitalized transatlantic partnership. Most observers agree that since reaching a low-point just before the Iraq war in 2003, relations between the United States and Germany have improved. U.S. officials view Germany under Merkel as a key U.S. ally in Europe. Despite continuing areas of divergence, President Bush and Congress have welcomed German leadership in ... |
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| Summary of Echoes Across the Pond: Understanding EU-US Defense Industrial Relationships |
23-Apr-2008 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Bernard Udis; Raymond Franck; Ira A Lewis; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC POLICY
|
| This report represents the authors' efforts to provide a useful, albeit partial, understanding of the international defense marketplace which we view as growing increasingly complex. In pursuit of that objective, we provide a brief overview of international defense markets in the context of both changes in military affairs and the various defense industrial bases. In analyzing the defense market, we essay multiple analytical frameworks (along the lines of Essence of ... |
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| Rebuilding the Transatlantic Partnership: US-EU Relations in the Post-Iraq Era |
15 MAR 2008 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Arsenio Diaz del Rio; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The relationships between international actors are always subject to different circumstances that affect their interests and behaviors. The relations between the United States and the European Union (EU) are not an exception to this rule. However, the history and the future of the US and the EU are so much tied together that both need to understand each other to confront jointly their common challenges and interests. The US-EU partnership ... |
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| A Sustainable NATO/EU Partnership for the Future |
03 MAR 2008 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Franz X. Pfrengle; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
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| A major question dealing with future security challenges of the United States and Europe will be about the relationship between both, especially through two major organizations, NATO and the European Union (EU). Most political declarations stress the will and the need for cooperation and mutual support. At the same time, disagreements occurred in many cases and may develop in future potential crises. This could bring NATO into a position of ... |
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| Intelligence Reform in Albania: Its Relation to Democratization and Integration into the EU and NATO |
MAR 2008 |
93 pages |
| Authors:
Eduart Bala; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| After more than 17 years since the fall of the Soviet Union, the western Balkans countries, particularly Albania, have not yet reached the same objectives as other Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) that are now part of the European Union (EU) and NATO. For most of the CEECs, the need to satisfy the challenging conditions for membership in the EU and NATO has acted as an "anchor" of democratization ... |
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| A Strategic Culture Assessment of the Transatlantic Divide |
MAR 2008 |
97 pages |
| Authors:
Ryan B. Craycraft; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This study examines the transatlantic security divide through the social constructivist's lens of strategic culture. The study will use Christopher Meyer's definition of strategic culture: "the socially-transmitted, identity-derived norms, ideas, and patterns of behavior that are shared among the most influential actors and social groups within a given political community, which help to shape a ranked set of options for a community's pursuit of security and defense goals." In his ... |
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| Bulgaria as a Strategic Partner |
31 JAN 2008 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Dimitar K. Iliev; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
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| Modern Bulgaria is building its presence and future as part of the democratic societies in the world. Bulgarian interests, ratified agreements and conventions are the foundation of the country's structure and policy. Priorities of the Bulgarian policy are loyalty and the mutual benefit in relation with other countries and international unions. That attitude confirms Bulgaria as a source of security and common defense. The will expressed by it for NATO ... |
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| Europe's Role in Nation-Building: From the Balkans to the Congo |
01-Jan-2008 |
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| Authors:
Keith Crane; Nora Bensahel; James Dobbins; Seth G Jones; Christopher S Chivvis; Andrew Radin; F S Larrabee; Brooke K Stearns; Benjamin W Goldsmith; RAND CORP ARLINGTON VA NATIONAL SECURITY RESEARCH DIV
|
| Since 1989, nation building has become a growth industry. In two prior volumes, RAND has analyzed the United States' and United Nations' (UN's) performance in this sphere, examining instances in which one or the other led such operations. In this monograph, RAND looks at Europe's performance, taking six instances in which European institutions or national governments have exercised comparable leadership. To complete their survey of modern nation building, they have ... |
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| The German EU Council Presidency (January-June 2007) and the Further Development of Transatlantic Relations |
DEC 2007 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Veneta Momtcheva; GEORGE C MARSHALL CENTER APO AE 09053 EUROPEAN CENTER FOR SECURITY STUDIES
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| The German EU Council Presidency attracted particular interest for many different reasons: (1) The current international environment, which is characterized by the growing challenges of globalization. (2) The threats posed by terrorism and regional conflicts. (3) The Bush Administration's changing view of coalitions and multilateralism during its second term in office. (4) The crises that the EU and the US are committed to resolving together (Kosovo, the conflict in the ... |
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| The European Union: Measuring Counterterrorism Cooperation. Strategic Forum, Number 229, November 2007 |
NOV 2007 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Jr Armitage David T.; NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV WASHINGTON DC INST FOR NATIONAL STRATEGIC STUDIES
|
| The United States and the European Union (EU) are natural partners in the global war on terrorism, but cooperation, although absolutely necessary, is inherently difficult. Primary responsibility for most European counterterrorism policies remains with the separate governments of the 27 EU countries, which has presented coordination problems both within the EU and between the United States and the EU. Asymmetries in capacities and perceived vulnerabilities affect how different member states ... |
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| The Evolution of U.S.-Turkish Relations in a Transatlantic Context |
NOV 2007 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
W. A. Terrill; ARMY WAR COLL STRATEGIC STUDIES INST CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The Strategic Studies Institute of the U.S. Army War College and the Atlantic Council of the United States conducted a colloquium entitled "The Evolution of U.S.-Turkish Relations in a Transatlantic Context" on March 25, 2007. Additional support for this conference was provided by the Washington Delegation of the European Commission and the Heinrich-Boell Foundation. The colloquium brought together serving and retired academics, diplomats, and military officers from the United States, ... |
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| The Eastern Dimension of America's New European Allies |
OCT 2007 |
198 pages |
| Authors:
Janusz Bugajski; ARMY WAR COLL STRATEGIC STUDIES INST CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| This monograph is intended to contribute to a more comprehensive debate on the Wider Europe and how the United States and the European Union (EU) can more effectively shape a successful Eastern Dimension. The Central-East European (CEE) capitals contend that without a realistic prospect for North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and EU accession, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, and Georgia will increasingly become sources of domestic and regional instability and objects of ... |
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| Cyprus: Status of U.N. Negotiations and Related Issues |
20 JUL 2007 |
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| Authors:
Carol Migdalovitz; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| Cyprus has been divided since 1974. Greek Cypriots, 76% of the population, live in the southern two-thirds of the island. Turkish Cypriots, 19% of the populace, live in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), recognized only by Turkey, with 36,000 Turkish troops providing security. United Nations (UN) peacekeeping forces maintain a buffer zone between the two. Since the late 1970s, the UN, with U.S. support, has promoted negotiations aimed ... |
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| Challenges in the Multipolar Space-Power Environment |
JUL 2007 |
76 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew M. Schmunk; Michael R. Sheets; AIR UNIV MAXWELL AFB AL
|
| The United States embraces space to satisfy its strategic goals for domestic, national-security, and military purposes -- augmenting each with international agreements. Distinct in policies, economics, doctrine, and supporting infrastructure, these elements define different spectra in the space-power continuum. The United States is no longer alone, however. More nations than ever before are turning to space to satisfy their own strategic goals. By examining foreign developments and strategies, one can ... |
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| European Energy Security: Wrestling the Russian Bear for Caspian Natural Gas |
15 APR 2007 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Robert F. Winchester; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| Natural gas, and its accessibility, is a growing component of national security. In its March 2006 Green Paper on Energy Security, the European Commission committed itself to promoting energy source diversification. Nevertheless, 25 percent of the European Union's natural gas comes from Russia, a figure that is estimated to grow to over 50 percent by 2030 as European Union domestic production continues to decline. Unfortunately for European energy security, Russia ... |
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| U.S.-European Union Relations and the 2007 Summit |
13 APR 2007 |
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| Authors:
Raymond Ahearn; Kristin Archick; Paul Belkin; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The U.S. Congress and successive U.S. administrations have supported the European Union (EU) and the process of European integration as ways to foster a stable Europe, democratic states, and strong trading partners. In recent years, a number of trade and foreign policy conflicts have strained the U.S.-EU relationship. Since the divisive dispute over Iraq in 2003, however, both the United States and the EU have sought to improve cooperation and ... |
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| Preventing Balkan Conflict: The Role of Euroatlantic Institutions. Strategic Forum, Number 226, April 2007 |
APR 2007 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey Simon; NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV WASHINGTON DC INST FOR NATIONAL STRATEGIC STUDIES
|
| Despite 15 years of international peacekeeping and security assistance, the West Balkans are still beset with major security challenges that will severely test the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the European Union (EU) in 2007. Bosnia-Herzegovina still requires the presence of NATO and EU police and peacekeepers and, along with newly independent Montenegro, needs help in building basic institutions. The same is true for Kosovo. As the United Nations ... |
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| Developing European Security and Defense Policy: Finnish Strategic Choice |
26 MAR 2007 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Jari Kytola; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The European Union (EU) is moving toward a more common foreign and security policy (CFSP). To help execute this goal, it has started to create its own military capability to conduct crisis management and peace enforcement operations. A great number of EU-nations are also members of NATO. While the goal of both organizations has been complementary efforts, there is a risk of creating an inefficient competitive situation for financial and ... |
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| The Impact of Bulgarian Membership in NATO and the EU on the Development of the Bulgarian Armed Forces |
14 MAR 2007 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Grudi I. Angelov; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| By achieving membership in both the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the European Union (EU), post-communist Bulgaria has achieved two major political objectives as well as accomplished long sought-after strategic goals. These memberships have already placed new demands and requirements upon the development of the Bulgarian Armed Forces. Bulgarian accession into these organizations came as a consequence of the efforts made by both the government and its people. It ... |
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| Civil-Military Relations in European Security Institutions - Challenges of Multi-Institutionality in Peace Operations |
MAR 2007 |
111 pages |
| Authors:
Pascu Furnica; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF NATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS
|
| The thesis analyzes civil-military relations in European security institutions by analyzing the organization and institutional mechanisms to exercise democratic civilian control over the military elements adapted to or emerged as a need to conduct peace operations. The goal is to assess the importance of civil-military relations in planning and conducting peace operations. European security institutions have been involved in peace keeping operations in the Balkans for more then ten years. ... |
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| Russia and the European Union: The Sources and Limits of "Special Relationships" |
FEB 2007 |
142 pages |
| Authors:
Cynthia A. Roberts; ARMY WAR COLL STRATEGIC STUDIES INST CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| More than 15 years after the collapse of the Soviet Union and two decades after the last Soviet President, Mikhail Gorbachev, raised hopes that Russia would liberalize and join a common European home, Moscow again resorts to authoritarian means amid the continuing absence of a mutual agenda for Russia's integration into Western institutions. Since the end of the Cold War, Russia and the West have averted renewed confrontation but managed ... |
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| The Beginner's Guide to Nation-Building |
01-Jan-2007 |
|
| Authors:
Keith Crane; James Dobbins; Seth G Jones; Beth C DeGrasse; RAND CORP ARLINGTON VA NATIONAL SECURITY RESEARCH DIV
|
| This guidebook presents a doctrine for conducting effective nation-building operations. It is designed to be an accessible handbook that describes effective policies for rebuilding a nation after -- and, in some cases, during -- a conflict. It is based on historical research into the conduct of such operations by the United States, Europe, the United Nations, and other states and organizations over the past 60 years. The doctrine identifies the ... |
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| The EU and U.S. Strategies against Terrorism and Proliferation of WMD: A Comparative Study |
JAN 2007 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Anna I. Zakharchenko; GEORGE C MARSHALL CENTER APO AE 09053 EUROPEAN CENTER FOR SECURITY STUDIES
|
| This paper is intended to give a comparative analysis of the strategies of U.S. and EU towards two major global security threats terrorism and the proliferation of WMD. These threats, and especially their coupling, represent the gravest danger for world security in the beginning of the 21st century. With the U.S. and EU being two of the most powerful actors in terms of economic weight, population, political and humanitarian influence, ... |
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| Europe's New Trade Agenda |
06 DEC 2006 |
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| Authors:
Raymond J. Ahearn; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| Soon after the Doha Round of multilateral trade negotiations came to a standstill in July 2006, the European Union (EU) announced its intention to enter into more bilateral and regional free trade agreements (FTAs). While the EU historically has been a leading force for preferential trade agreements, its main priority for the past 5 years has been negotiating an ambitious Doha Round agreement. Given that the EU is a global ... |
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| Bosnia and the European Union Military Force (EUFOR): Post-NATO Peacekeeping |
05 DEC 2006 |
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| Authors:
Julie Kim; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| On December 2, 2004, NATO formally concluded its Stabilization Force (SFOR) mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina and handed over peace stabilization duties to a European Union force (EUFOR). The mission of the EU's "Operation Althea" has been to ensure continued compliance with the 1995 Dayton peace agreement and contribute to a secure environment and Bosnia's efforts towards European integration. The EU recently postponed a decision to significantly reduce the 6,500-strong ... |
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