| Improved Therapeutic Regimens for Treatment of Post-Traumatic Ocular Infections |
01-May-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Michelle C Callegan; OKLAHOMA UNIV OKLAHOMA CITY
|
 | Greater than 10% of battlefield injuries occur to the eyes, resulting in significant morbidity. The potential for ocular infection by trauma is high, due to the types of organisms encountered in arid environments and the delay between time of injury and adequate treatment. This proposal was designed to analyze the effectiveness of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and non-conventional agents targeting bacterial and host virulence factors, with the goal of improving the ... |
|
| Synthetic Beta-Lactam Antibiotics as a Selective Breast Cancer Cell Apoptosis Inducer: Significance in Breast Cancer Prevention and Treatment |
01-Mar-2008 |
83 pages |
| Authors:
Q P Dou; WAYNE STATE UNIV DETROIT MI
|
| Activation of the cellular apoptotic program is a current strategy for the prevention and treatment of human cancer including breast cancer. Because of the ease of synthesis and structural manipulation, small molecules with apoptosis-inducing ability have great potential to be developed into chemotherapeutic drugs. The b-lactam antibiotics have for the past 60 years played an essential role in treating bacterial infections without causing toxic side effects in the host. We ... |
|
| Ultraviolet Light Disinfection in the Use of Individual Water Purification Devices |
MAR 2006 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Steven Clarke; William Bettin; ARMY CENTER FOR HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Soldiers deployed beyond traditional field drinking water supplies must have access to microbiologically safe water. Using Individual Water Purification Devices (IWPDs) is one way to provide microbiologically safe water in these situations. These IWPDs must protect the Soldier from acute microbial health threats. Understanding the disinfection capabilities of ultraviolet (UV) light to inactivate disease-causing microorganisms is important in protecting Soldiers, who are considering using this technology, from acute health threats ... |
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| Results of Topical Myeloperoxidase/Glucose Oxidase/Glucose in the Walker-Mason Burn Model |
DEC 2005 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
David G. Baer; Joanna R. Reeder; ARMY INST OF SURGICAL RESEARCH FORT SAM HOUSTON TX
|
| One area of research at tile ISR is soft tissue trauma encompassing infection control and wound healing. Treatments are evaluated in vivo using the Walker-Mason model which is a fall thickness thermal injury and infection model. We have identified a novel proprietary topical antimicrobial which may be amenable to treating a variety of wounds. The system consists of an enzyme, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and the requisite substrates which have been optimized ... |
|
| Mid-Atlantic Microbial Pathogenesis Meeting |
DEC 2005 |
111 pages |
| Authors:
Craig Altier; Daniel Wozniak; NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV AT RALEIGH
|
| The Mid-Atlantic Microbial Pathogenesis Meeting was held Feb. 6-8, 2005 at the Wintergreen Ski Resort near Charlottesville, VA. Scientists working in all aspects of microbial pathogenesis attended the meeting and present their work. The meeting consisted of four sessions over two days and had 123 registered participants from 8 states. There were 25 speakers addressing various topics of microbial pathogenesis (4 invited speakers, 5 principal investigators, and 16 post-doctoral fellows ... |
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| Bacterial Degradation of DNT and TNT Mixtures |
31 OCT 2005 |
100 pages |
| Authors:
Rebecca E. Parales; Jim C. Spain; Glenn R. Johnson; CALIFORNIA UNIV DAVIS DEPT OF MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
|
| The major objective of this research project was to develop bacterial strains with the ability to efficiently degrade mixtures of dinitrotoluene (DNT) isomers and expand that degradation capability to include TNT. Since most contaminated sites contain mixtures of nitroarene compounds, these strains would have the potential for use in the bioremediation of field sites. We have isolated strains that can degrade several nitroarene compounds, including nitrobenzene, 2-nitrotoluene (2NT) and 2,4- ... |
|
| Examination pf Potential Anti-Tumor Activity of N-Thiolated B-Lactam Antibiotics in Nude Mice Bearing Human Breast Tumors |
01 AUG 2005 |
85 pages |
| Authors:
Q. P. Dou; WAYNE STATE UNIV DETROIT MI
|
| Activation of the cellular apoptotic program is a current strategy for the prevention and treatment of human cancer including breast cancer. Because of the ease of synthesis and structural manipulation, small molecules with apoptosis-inducing ability have great potential to be developed into chemotherapeutic drugs. The beta-lactam antibiotics have for the past 60 years played an essential role in treating bacterial infections without causing toxic side effects in the host. We ... |
|
| Toll-Like Receptor Pathway as Mediator of Bisphosphonate Effects in Breast Cancer |
JUL 2005 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Katri Selander; ALABAMA UNIV IN BIRMINGHAM
|
| Bisphosphonates (BPs, i.e. clodronate and zoledronate) are frequently used in the treatment of breast cancer, once bone metastases have occurred. These drugs inhibit cancer-induced bone complications, because they inhibit the bone resorbing osteoclasts. Less is known about the direct effects of BPs on breast cancer cells. The aim of this work was to study the possibility that some of the BP-induced effects in breast cancer cells might be mediated via ... |
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| Quorum Sensing: A transcriptional Regulatory System Involved in the Pathogenicity of Burkholderia mallei |
NOV 2004 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Ricky L. Ulrich; David DeShazer; Harry B. Hines; Jeffrey A. Jeddeloh; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD DIV OF TOXINOLOGY AND AEROBIOLOGY
|
| Numerous gram-negative bacterial pathogens regulate virulence factor expression by using a cell density mechanism termed quorum sensing (QS). An in silico analysis of the Burkholderia mallei ATCC 23344 genome revealed that it encodes at least two luxI and four luxR homologues. Using mass spectrometry, we showed that wild-type B. mallei produces the signaling molecules N-octanoyl- homoserine lactone and N-decanoyl-homoserine lactone. To determine if QS is involved in the virulence of ... |
|
| Structural Genomics of Bacterial Virulence Factors |
MAY 2004 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
Robert C. Liddington; BURNHAM INST LA JOLLA CA
|
| We are applying a comprehensive yet focused structural genomics approach to determine the atomic resolution crystal structures of key bacterial virulence factors from high priority bacterial pathogens. Knowledge of protein structure and inhibitor complexes at atomic resolution is typically a pre- requisite for rational drug design. In this first year of funding we have focused our attention on plasmid annotation, target selection, protein expression, purification and crystallization of proteins encoded ... |
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| Investigation of Novel Human CED-4 Homolog NAC-X in Apoptosis Regulation of Breast Cancer |
MAY 2004 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Jason S. Damiano; BURNHAM INST LA JOLLA CA
|
| Proteins containing a Caspase-Associated Recruitment Domain (CARD) have previously been shown to-serve as key regulators of tumor cell survival as well as regulators of other- cellular processes, such as cytokine production. Interleukin-l beta (IL-1B) is a cytokine which has been found to be expressed in breast cancer cells and may be associated with more aggressive and invasive breast tumors. Here we report the cloning and functional characterization of NAC-X or ... |
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| Direct Detection of Microbial Infection Through Activation Coupling of the Toll-Like Receptors |
01 MAR 2004 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Bruce Beutler; SCRIPPS RESEARCH INST LA JOLLA CA
|
| We have utilized germline mutagenesis to dissect innate immune sensing and effector pathways, and have made a number of important findings related to the mechanism of TLR signal transduction. In particular, we were able to solve the molecular basis of MyD88-independent signaling. and to determine the cause of adjuvanticity (signaling via Trif and the production of type I interferons). Finally, our work has led to the first realization of the ... |
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| Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Rapid Detection of Bulkholderia pseudomallei |
AUG 2003 |
|
| Authors:
Susan Shahin; Matthia Dorsch; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION VICTORIA (AUSTRALIA) PLATFORM SCIENCES LAB
|
 | Melioidosis is a potentially lethal infection endemic in Northern Australia and Southeast Asia. The causative bacterium, Burkhoideria pseudomallei, is resistant to many of the commonly used antibacterial agents. Therefore, successful treatment of the disease is dependent on rapid and accurate diagnosis. The current diagnostic techniques are time consuming and lacking in specificity. We have developed a PCR procedure using the R.A.P.I. D(trademark) and real time monitoring of product formation. The ... |
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| Preparation of a Burkholderia Mallei Vaccine |
MAR 2003 |
81 pages |
| Authors:
Donald E. Woods; CANADIAN COMMERCIAL CORP OTTAWA (ONTARIO)
|
| Glanders, caused by Burkholderia mallei, is a significant disease for humans due to the serious nature of the infection. It is recognized that B. Mallei is an organism with tremendous infectivity that poses a significant hazard to humans exposed to aerosols containing this organism. Our knowledge of the pathogenesis of disease due to B Mallei is lacking. At present, no effective vaccines are available against this organism, and information on ... |
|
| Preparation of a Burkholderia mallei Vaccine |
JAN 2002 |
71 pages |
| Authors:
Donald E. Woods; CANADIAN COMMERCIAL CORP OTTAWA (ONTARIO)
|
| Glanders, caused by Burkholderia Mallei, is a significant disease for humans due to the serious nature of the infection. It is recognized that B. Mallei is an organism with tremendous infectivity that poses a significant hazard to humans exposed to aerosols containing this organism. |
|
| Algorithm for Recognition of Optical Spectra in an Environment Containing Interferants |
25 OCT 2001 |
|
| Authors:
B. Wade; C. Estes; C. Lloyd; L. Powers; UTAH STATE UNIV LOGAN NATIONAL CENTER FOR THE DESIGN OF MOLECULAR FUNCTION
|
| An algorithm for quickly determining the presence of bacteria based on their intrinsic fluorescence signals has been developed. Applications of this algorithm are discussed. The constant threat of bacterial infection affects today's society, since these infections cause sickness and often death. These threats include bio-terrorism/bio-warfare, outbreaks of new and re-emerging diseases, and food and water contamination. Current technologies detect microbes, but are limited in their ability to do so. Most ... |
|
| Helicobacter pylori Transmission and Risk Factors for Infection in Rural China |
1999 |
224 pages |
| Authors:
Linda Brown; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD
|
| Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common bacterial infections among humans, but little is known about its mode of transmission. A cross-sectional study of 3288 adults aged 35-69 from Shandong Province, China was conducted to assess some possible risk factors that may be associated with H. pylori infection in this high prevalence area of China. In-person home interviews (lasting approximately 15 minutes) were conducted in Chinese from ... |
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| Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori in Gastric Fluid in the Surgical Patient |
1998 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Terrence J. Mc Manus; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that infects the human gastric mucosa. It is well established as a primary factor in peptic ulcer disease and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of gastric adenocarcinoma. Surveys consistently show that one half of the world's population carry H. pylori. H. pylori associated peptic ulcer disease afflicts approximately 10% of the U.S. population at some point during their lives. Once established, most infections last ... |
|
| Pathogenesis of Septic Acute Lung Injury and Strategies for Immuno- Pharmacological Therapy |
OCT 96 |
79 pages |
| Authors:
Harvey J. Sugerman; Alpha A. Fowler III; Phillip C. Ridings; Alastair C. Windsor; Geoffrey L. Bloomfield; VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV RICHMOND
|
| During the period of the past two years, this laboratory has focused on the phenomenon of acute lung injury following the onset of systemic infection. To accomplish this we have used the pig to model acute lung injury. In our laboratory using the model as we have developed it, the pig predictably develops acute lung injury following an intravenous infusion of a predetermined quantity of live Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Over the ... |
|
| Microbially Enhanced Transport of Hydrophobic Organics in Soil |
10 MAY 95 |
117 pages |
| Authors:
Leonard W. Lion; Michael B. Jenkins; Dirk M. Dohse; CORNELL UNIV ITHACA NY
|
| Bacterial strains (many isolated from soil and subsurface environments) and their extracellular polymers were tested for their ability to enhance the transport of phenanthrene, a model PAH, in a low-carbon aquifer sand. All of the bacterial isolates tested passively sorbed phenanthrene, and most of the isolates reduced the distribution coefficient (K(d) ) for phenanthrene. Some isolates were also mobile in column experiments. The most mobile isolate significantly enhanced the transport ... |
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| Antibody Development and Immunoligand Assay Testing of MS2 Bacteriophage on the Light Addressable Potentiometric Sensor |
APR 94 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Deborah G. Menking; Clifton R. Johnson; Samuel L. Eure; Michael T. Goode; SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CORP HAMPTON VA
|
| The objectives of the work were to determine the compatibility and response of the antiserum with the virus; define the parameters of retaining viability for immunoligand assay testing upon purification and labeling procedures of the antiserum; and lastly, investigate the lower limit of detection (LOD) and sensitivity of the viral simulant on the LAPS. LAPS, Bacteriophage, MS2, BioChemical detector, ELISA, Assay development |
|
| Hemoglobin-Based Blood Substitutes and Enhanced Susceptibility to Bacterial Infections |
08 MAR 94 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
John R. Mahoney; John W. Eaton; MINNESOTA UNIV MINNEAPOLIS
|
| Chemically modified human hemoglobin is currently being studied as a potential blood substitute for use in military and emergency medical applications. We have tested one form of modified hemoglobin, DBBF-HB, against normal Hb in order to determine its ability to promote hemoglobin-driven bacterial infections. Using an experimental model of E. coli peritonitis we have determined that DBBF-HB is equally likely as unmodified Hb (on a mole to mole basis) to ... |
|
| Chemical, Structural and Genetic Analysis of the Adhesive Holdfast of Biofouling Caulobacters |
28 FEB 94 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
John Smit; BRITISH COLUMBIA UNIV VANCOUVER
|
| This project was focussed on issues related to tne adhesion device used by marine and freshwater biofouling Caulobacter bacteria. The longterm goal of these studies was to improve our understanding of how fouling bacteria attach to surfaces and to consider potential strategies to prevent bacterial attachment to engineered surfaces. Progress on the four following OBJECTIVES during the course of the grant are reviewed: (1) Determination of the chemical composition and ... |
|
| The Effect of Cementation and Autogenous Bone Grafting on Allograft Union and Incorporation |
09 FEB 94 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Mark D. Markel; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON SCHOOL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE
|
| The phase I in vitro testing of intact control bones and experimental bones where the segmental allograft is helf in place by an interlocking nail with or without the addition of medullary cement is currently underway utilizing a protocol similar to that described above. The testing should be completed by May 31, 1994, in Phase II of this study, an in vivo dog model will be used to perform segmental ... |
|
| Evaluation of Facilities for Collection, Bypass, and Transportation of Outmigrating Chinook Salmon |
OCT 93 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Carl B. Schreck; Stephen Kaattarl; Lawrence E. Davis; Carolyn E. Pearson; Patty A. Wood; IDAHO UNIV MOSCOW DEPT OF FISH AND WILDLIFE RESOURCES
|
| Chinook salmon smolts held at low densities (0.06 - 0.08 lbs/gal) in raceways with large (>200 mm) steelhead smolts at the little Goose facility had plasma cortisol levels similar to chinook held without large steelhead. The presence of steelhead did not appear to be stressful to juvenile chinook. Juvenile chinook passing through the downstream section of the fish size and debris separator at the little Goose facility were more stressed ... |
|
| Marine Science Initiative at South Carolina State College: An Investigation of the Biosensing Parameters Regulating Bacterial and Larval Attachment on Substrata |
12 AUG 93 |
102 pages |
| Authors:
James Stukes; Frank Weaver; Bettye Stokes; Nancy O'Connor; Charlie Barans; OFFICE OF NAVAL RESEARCH ARLINGTON VA
|
| South Carolina State College (SCSC), in collaboration with the South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Division (SCWMRD), initiated an investigation of the biosensing parameters regulating bacterial and larval attachment on submerged substrata. This program was designed to address a number of critical needs at both the state and national levels. These included: (1) addressing one or more of the current and continuing basic research needs of the Office of Naval ... |
|
| Expression and Diagnostic Utility of Hepatitis E Virus Putative Structural Proteins Expressed in Insect Cells. |
AUG 1993 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Junkun He; Albert W. Tam; Patrice O. Yarbough; Gregory R. Reyes; Mitchell Carl; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| The full-length putative structural proteins encoded by open reading frame 2 (ORF2) and ORF3 of hepatitis E virus have been cloned and expressed in recombinant baculovirus. Sera obtained from 28 Sudanese pediatric patients with acute hepatitis and 19 pediatric control patients were analyzed for reactivity to hepatitis E virus by using the baculovirus-expressed ORF2 and ORF3 proteins in a Western blot (immunoblot) format. Seventeen of the 18 patients classified as ... |
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| Combined Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen and Antimicrobials in a Model of Gas Gangrene |
30 JUN 92 |
|
| Authors:
K. H. Muhvich; L. H. Anderson; W. J. Mehm; ARMED FORCES INST OF PATHOLOGY WASHINGTON DC
|
| The efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) alone and in combination with several antimicrobial agents was evaluated in a lethal model of gas gangrene in mice. Myonecrosis was induced by injecting -1079 washed C. perfringens into the right upper thigh'-muscle of mice; Immediately following bacterial inoculation, penicillin, imipenem, clindamycin or metronidazole were administered via, intraperitoneal injection. HBO treatments PO2 = 301 kPa for 90 min, B.I.D. X days began immediately after ... |
|
| Studies of the Outer Membrane Proteins of Campylobacter Jejuni for Vaccine Development |
26 NOV 91 |
|
| Authors:
Martin J. Blaser; VETERANS ADMINISTRATION MEDICAL CENTER NASHVILLE TN
|
|
| The Effect of Transfusions on the Incidence of Bacterial Infection |
1990 |
|
| Authors:
Leslie B. Scorza; J. P. Waymack; ARMY INST OF SURGICAL RESEARCH FORT SAMHOUSTON TX
|
| The use of blood transfusions have been a art of medical practice for over half a century. The efficacy of blood and blood products in patients in hypovolemic shock from trauma or operative procedures has been well established. During the past quarter century, it has been demonstrated that blood transfusions administered prior to transplantation decrease the frequency and severity of allograft rejection. More recent work has indicated that this beneficial ... |
|
| Bacterial Gill Disease of Freshwater Fishes |
90 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
G. L. Bullock; FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE KEARNEYSVILLE WV NATIONAL FISH HEALTH RESEARCH LAB
|
| Fish gills function as both respiratory and excretory organs. Basically they consist of a network of capillaries where blood is separated from the surrounding water by only one or two layers of cells. Proliferation of epithelial tissue, and later the loss of surface by the clubbing and fusing of lamellae, impair respiration and the excretion of nitrogenous waste materials, and disturb osmotic balance. Because these changes adversely affect the health ... |
|
| The Role of Extracellular Slime in Adhesion and Motility of Gliding Bacteria |
29 DEC 89 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Robert P. Burchard; William H. Schwarz; Ian W. Sutherland; MARYLAND UNIV BALTIMORE
|
| The goal of this research is to characterize the role(s) of extracellular slime and of the cell surface in adhesion and motility of aquatic gliding bacteria. Initial biochemical and rheological analyses of the slime of Flexibacteria maritimus and several of its adhesion/motility mutants are described. A theoretical analysis of the function of slime in a motility mechanism based on travelling transverse undulating waves is described. Inconsistencies in adhesion of F. ... |
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| The Role of Extracellular Slime in Adhesion and Motility of Gliding Bacteria |
25 JAN 1989 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Robert P. Burchard; MARYLAND UNIV BALTIMORE COUNTY CATONSVILLE DEPT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
|
| The goal of this multi-investigator research program is to characterize the extra-cellular slime of selected marine gliding bacteria. We are particularly interested in the role of this material in bacterial adhesion and motility. Slime produced by marine Cytophagales isolated from biofilms on various substrata will be characterized with fine structural, physiological, biochemical, immunological and rheological approaches. A model system for these studies is the relatively well characterized strain Cytophaga sp. ... |
|
| Enteric Redmouth Disease |
89 |
2 pages |
| Authors:
G. L. Bullock; FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE KEARNEYSVILLE WV NATIONAL FISH HEALTH RESEARCH LAB
|
| Enteric redmouth disease (ERM), an internal bacterial infection of fishes, is principally known for its occurrence in rainbow trout, in which it was first seen in Idaho in the 1950's. The causal organism was named Yersinia ruckeri. |
|
| Columnaris Disease of Fishes |
89 |
2 pages |
| Authors:
G. L. Bullock; J. P. McCraren; FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE KEARNEYSVILLE WV NATIONAL FISH HEALTH RESEARCH LAB
|
| Columnaris disease is a bacterial infection of warm-water fishes, trout, and anadromous fishes (which move from the sea up freshwater streams to spawn). The disease may be mild or severe, and of short or long duration. The causative organism was first isolated in 1944 and named on the basis of its appearance when viewed with a microscope-that is, the bacteria from Columns on a microscope slide. It was later named ... |
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| Arthrobacter Species as a Prey Cell Reservoir for Nonobligate Bacterial Predators in Soil |
1989 |
|
| Authors:
L. E. ; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK MICROBIOLOGY PROGRAM
|
| The possibility was investigated that, in soil, Arthrobacter species might serve as a major reservoir in prey cells for the nonobligate bacterial predators in the soil. Previous evidence had indicated this. Arthrobacter globiformis cells added to soil caused an increase in the total bacterial count and the gram-negative bacteria count of the soil. Copper-resistant bacterial predators, such as Cupriavidus necator, also increased in number, apparently in response to the A. ... |
|
| The Role of Exoenzyme S in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections |
20 DEC 88 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Barbara H. Inglewski; Dara W. Frank; Suzanne Steinbach; Thalia I. Nicas; Jorge H. Crosa; OREGON HEALTH SCIENCES UNIV PORTLAND
|
| We utilized genetic and immunological methods to determine the role of exoenzyme S in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. An exoenzyme S deficient mutant, 388 exsl:Tn1, was compared to its S(+) parent strain in the burned mouse model and neutropenic rat model. In both animal models the S(-) mutant was less virulent than its s(+) parent strain. The s(-) mutant was, however, able to establish at the site of infection but it ... |
|
| Host Defense against Opportunist Microorganisms Following Trauma |
30 JUN 88 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Ann B. Bjornson; H. S. Bjornson; JAMES N GAMBLE INST OF MEDICAL RESEARCH CINCINNATI OH
|
| Studies were conducted to determine the effects of parenteral therapy with indomethacin, ibuprofen, and piroxicam on key immunologic and hematologic alterations induced by thermal injury in a guinea pig model and on survival following experimental burn wound infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis. Drugs (10-20 mg/kg) or placebo were administered intramuscularly to thermally injured guinea pigs at 3 hr postburn and then daily for nine days postburn. All three ... |
|
| Biotinylation of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide and Its Applications to Electron Microscopy |
Jan-1988 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Yuan-Hsu Kang; Charles O Odeyale; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| We describe a procedure for lipopolysaccharide (lps) biotinylation using N-Biotinyl-l-lysine and application of the giotinylated LPS (Bi-LPS) to localization of LPS binding sites and subcellular distribution. Biotinylation of LPS was confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), gel immunodiffusion, and immunodot techniques. The biological and toxicological activity of the Bi-LPS was tested by Limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) assays and histopathological examinations, respectively. Results showed that biotin was conjugated to LPS without ... |
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| Cytochemical Changes in Hepatocytes of Rats with Endotoxemia and Sepsis: Localization of Fibronectin, Calcium, and Enzymes |
1988 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Yuan-Hsu Kang; Thomas McKenna; Lorrita P. Watson; Robert Williams; Mack Holt; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is known to be implicated in the pathogenesis of endotoxemia and septic shock. The liver is the first vital organ to exhibit pathological alterations in shock. The present studies include immunoelectron microscopic localization of tissue fibronectin and cytochemical localization of calcium and enzymes in hepatocytes of animals with LPS-induced endotoxemia or cecal ligation-induced septic shock. The results showed increased staining of fibronectin in the basal (perisinusoidal) surfaces ... |
|
| Contributions of Interleukin-1 to Nonspecific Antibacterial Resistance |
12 NOV 87 |
2 pages |
| Authors:
Charles J. Czuprynski; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON SCHOOL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE
|
| The purpose of this project was to examine the influence of parenteral administration of interleukin-1, a cytokine with diverse biological activities, on antibacterial resistance in a laboratory rodent model. We first documented that intraperitoneal injection of minute quantities of interleukin-1 resulted in a rapid influx of inflammatory neutrophils. Neutrophil accumulation did not result from contamination of the interleukin-1 with bacterial lipopolysaccharide, nor was it abrogated by treatment with indomethacin, an ... |
|
| Oral Vaccine for Immunization against Enteric Disease. |
22 MAY 1986 |
|
| Authors:
Samuel B. Formal; Louis S. Baron; Dennis J. Kopecko; DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY WASHINGTON DC
|
| A living, attenuated, oral vaccine system and method for making oral vaccine strains is described for the immunization against enterically acquired diseases. An oval vaccine strain, according to this invention, is a genetic hybrid derivative of an attenuated galactose epimeraseless strain of S. typhi which carries at least one protective antigen other than normal S. typhi antigens. The oral vaccine can provide protection against typhoid fever and/or at least one ... |
|
| Foodborne and Waterborne Disease Outbreaks. A Compilation and Subjective Profile |
JUL 85 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
T. V. Murphy; SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE MEDICINE BROOKS AFB TX
|
| This papar provides the epidemiologic field with a single source of information about many confirmed foodborne and waterborne disease outbreaks for each of five common bacterial etiologies: Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, Shigella, Clostridium perfringens, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The paper also evaluate traditional methods of outbreak reporting and suggest show an investigator might apply information of past outbreaks to help form an initial, presumptive diagnosis of a most probable etiologic agent in ... |
|
| Actions of Interferons on Macrophages |
01 JUN 85 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
E. A. Havell; TRUDEAU INST INC SARANAC LAKE NY
|
| Mice intravenously infected with an immunizing dose of the gram- positive bacterium, Listeria monocytogenes, produced circulating interferon (IFN) during the inductive phase of the anti-Listeria immune response. In addition to inducing IFN, the Listeria also dramatically altered the host's responsiveness to IFN inducing agents. Within 24 hours of infection, mice acquired a 50-fold greater than normal capacity to produce the alpha and/or beta IFN classes (IFN alpha/Beta) following intravenous injection ... |
|
| Pathogenesis of Cell Injury by Rickettsia conorii |
17 MAY 85 |
82 pages |
| Authors:
David H. Walker; NORTH CAROLINA UNIV AT CHAPEL HILL
|
| This work was undertaken to determine the pathogenic mechanism by which Rickettsia conorii causes disease. R. conorii, an organism that has been neglected in spite of its widespread distribution and pathogenic qualities, was studied in human subjects, animal models, and in vitro. The purpose of the work is to elucidate the pathology of boutonneuse fever and the pathogenic mechanisms which might be blocked therapeutically or prophylactically. Human tissues were investigated ... |
|
| Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis: Microbial and Immunologic Studies |
OCT 1983 |
92 pages |
| Authors:
William A. Falkler Jr; MARYLAND UNIV BALTIMORE DENTAL SCHOOL
|
| This is an annual report on an ongoing research project aimed at obtaining new information as to the microbial etiology and immunopathology of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG). Thirty one patients have been studied as of the date of this report. Completed patient history forms have showed individuals with the disease display a typical and similar life style. They do not have sound employment, they are not financially stable, they ... |
|
| Host Defense Against Opportunist Microorganisms Following Trauma |
31 MAY 83 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
Ann B. Bjornson; H. S. Bjornson; William A. Altemeier; Josef E. Fischer; CHRIST HOSPTIAL CINCINNATI OH INST OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
|
| Circulating inhibitors of polymorphonuclear neutrophil, lymphocyte, and alternative complement pathway function that are produced following burn injury and are presumed to play an important role in lowering host resistance were studied in this investigation. Preliminary evidence suggesting that these inhibitory factors represent one molecular species was not confirmed. Infection was shown to be a major stimulus in induction of the inhibitors of neutrophil and complement function. This latter inhibitor was ... |
|
| Impact of Forced Exercise and Fasting on Salmonella typhimurium Induced Myocarditis and on Myocardial Protein and Lipid Content in Rats |
12 APR 1983 |
|
| Authors:
Nils-Gunnar Ilback; Goran Friman; Robert L. Squibb; Anthony J. Johnson; Douglas A. Balentine; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| A generally nonlethal Salmonella typhimurium infection in weanling rats produced bacterial myocarditis and myocardial hyperplasia. Myocardial lesions were characterized by focal infiltrates of inflammatory cells (predominantly mononuclear), segmental myocyte necrosis, and incipient fibrosis. Although bacterial infections are infrequently associated with myocarditis, the S. typhimurium infection in young rats produced a new experimental model of diffuse myocardial inflammatory foci. Biochemical changes in the myocardium included great increases in total myocardial contents ... |
|
| Development of Vaccines to Prevent Wound Infections due to Anaerobic Bacteria |
AUG 1982 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
D. L. Kasper; PETER BENT BRIGHAM HOSPITAL BOSTON MA
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| Bacteroides fragilis is the major cause of anaerobic bacterial sepsis and abscess formation. We have found that immunization of rats with a purified capsular polysaccharide (CP) of a B. fragilis strain protects against experimental bacteremia and intraabdominal abscess formation. In this report we have adopted the animal model to the mouse because the mouse host allows better immunologic and genetic definition. These studies show that active immunization of the mouse ... |
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| Effect of Diving and Diving Hoods on the Bacterial Flora of the External Ear Canal and Skin |
May-1982 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Itzhak Brook; James C Coolbaugh; Robert G Williscroft; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
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Reports by Keyword(s)
*BACTERIAL DISEASES
