| Infrared Spectroscopy of Hyper Velocity Shock |
05 MAY 2004 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Peter Erdman; EMBRY-RIDDLE AERONAUTICAL UNIV DAYTONA BEACH FL
|
 | We have continued the investigation of hypervelocity shocks that began with the highly successful Bowshock I and II atmospheric sounding rocket experiments. Instruments aboard those vehicles performed measurements of the ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet emission excited in the high temperature gas produced by the shock ahead of the hypervelocity body. We have developed the experimental techniques and the instruments necessary to expand those earlier experiments into the infrared portion of ... |
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| The International Symposium on Equatorial Aeronomy (10th) Held in Antalya, Turkey on May 17-23, 2000 |
23 OCT 2000 |
398 pages |
| Authors:
E. Kudeki; HACETTEPE UNIV ANKARA (TURKEY)
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| This is a mulitdisciplinary conference. Topics include: Chemistry, dynamics, and thermodynamics of the low latitude neutral and ionized atmosphere, including ionospheric and thermosphere modeling, ionospheric (E- and F-region) plasma instabilities, effects of the turbulent ionosphere on EM wave propagation, prediction of spread-F events, and remote and in-situ diagnostics of the low latitude upper atmosphere. The final papers are published as a special issue of Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, ... |
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| Atmospheric Ultraviolet Radiance Integrated Code (AURIC): Airglow Portion Providing Dayglow and Nightglow Spectral Radiances from 100 to 900 nm |
27 JAN 97 |
92 pages |
| Authors:
D. J. Strickland; T. Majeed; J. S. Evans; P. M. Shen; J. E. Bishop; COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS INC FAIRFAX VA
|
| The work reported let to a suite of codes for characterizing dayglow and nightglow and for ingesting Rayleigh scattered radiances (solar and lunar) from MODTRAN. The key outputs are spectral radiances at satellite altitudes for any viewing angle. The wavelength range is from approximately 100 to approximately 900 nm and, for dayglow, contains all prominent band systems and lines, including HI 121.6 nm and OI 130.4 nm. Chemistry models are ... |
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| Tests of Various Finite Difference Algorithms Applied to a Simple Water Vapor Transport Problem on a Staggered Grid |
APR 89 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Hung-Chi Kuo; NAVAL ENVIRONMENTAL PREDICTION RESEARCH FACILITY MONTEREY CA
|
| The one-dimensional constant advection of a Gaussian function is used to test four positive-definite schemes -- Schemes I, II, Smolarkiwicz, and Arakawa --and three even-order accurate schemes -- III, IV, and V -- on the C staggered grid. It is shown that for the test problem, Schemes I and II produce identical numerical results. Arakawa's scheme produces the least damping among all the positive-definite schemes, but expensive computations are required ... |
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| Evaluation of Chemical and Atmospheric Sciences Research |
14 SEP 87 |
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| Authors:
Joseph E. Earley; GEORGETOWN UNIV WASHINGTON DC DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
 | During the period covered by this report, six plenary meetings of the Chemistry Research-evaluation Panel for the Air Force Office of Scientific Research have been held : at Santa Fe, New Mexico on November 8 and 9, 1984; at Baltimore, Maryland on May 9 and 10, 1985; at Galveston, Texas on November 14 and 15, 1985; at Alexandria, Virginia on May 15 and 16, 1986; at the US Air Force ... |
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| Ion and Electron Interactions of Atmospheric Importance |
31 AUG 85 |
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| Authors:
David Smith; Nigel G. Adams; BIRMINGHAM UNIV (ENGLAND) DEPT OF SPACE RESEARCH
|
| Exploited are variable-temperature selected ion flow tube (VT-SIFT), variable-temperature selected ion flow drift tube (VT-SIFDT) and variable- temperature flowing afterglow/Langmuir probe (VT-FALP) apparatuses to study (1) Ion/neutral reactions at thermal energies (VT/SIFT), (2) ion-neutral reactions as a function of the centre-of-mass energy of the reactants (VT-SIFDT), (3) electron attachment at thermal energies (VT-FALP), (4) electron/ion dissociative recombination (VT-FALP). Under (1) and (2), new kinetic and thermochemical data have been obtained ... |
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| Satellite Atmospheric Radiance Measurements in the Vacuum Ultraviolet. |
05 JUL 1979 |
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| Authors:
R. E. Huffman ; F. J. LeBlanc ; J. C. Larrabee ; D. E. Paulsen; AIR FORCE GEOPHYSICS LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
|
| A satellite experiment has obtained nadir-viewing atmospheric radiance measurements in the 1100 to 2900 angstrom wavelength region from the polar orbiting satellite S3-4. This report describes the instrumentation, measurement techniques, and initial results. The observed emission is from airglow, solar scatter, and auroral regions. Spectral and spatial measurements previously unavailable have been made for the nitrogen Lyman-Birge-Hopfield emission, vacuum ultraviolet aurora, hydrogen geocorona, tropical ultraviolet airglow, twilight fluorescence nitric oxide ... |
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| Defense Nuclear Agency Reaction Rate Handbook. Second Edition. Revision Number 7, |
MAR 1978 |
78 pages |
| Authors:
Marlyn H. Bortner; Theodore Baurer; GENERAL ELECTRIC CO PHILADELPHIA PA SPACE DIV
|
| This chapter presents a tabulated summary of reactions, with suggested rate coefficients, relevant to the problems of atmospheric chemical recovery following a perturbation. The present generation of computers permits the convenient handling of large numbers of reactions in the solution of such problems. Thus, one can now include in detailed calculations of this type hundreds of individual reactions and follow the complete histories of large numbers of individual species as ... |
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| High Altitude Atomic Nitrogen Densities. |
SEP 1977 |
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| Authors:
E. S. Oran; D. F. Strobel; K. Mauersberger; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON D C
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| Theoretical calculations of the seasonal and diurnal variations of atomic nitrogen are compared to measurements made by the open source neutral mass spectrometer on the AE-C satellite. Using as input the simultaneous measurements of molecular nitrogen and atomic oxygen densities, the calculations of odd nitrogen densities made with the NRL ionosphere model predict the same trends in atomic nitrogen as those observed. Estimates are given of the sensitivity of atomic ... |
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| The Aerospace Corporation Space Sciences Program: Report to COSPAR CY 1976. |
29 JUL 1977 |
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| Authors:
George A. Paulikas; AEROSPACE CORP EL SEGUNDO CALIF SPACE SCIENCES LAB
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| This report reviews the results obtained by the space research program in solar physics, magnetospheric physics, and aeronomy and atmospheric science. |
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| Reaction Rate Data Number 59. |
FEB 1977 |
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| Authors:
GENERAL ELECTRIC CO SANTA BARBARA CALIF DASIAC
|
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| Rocket Measurement of the Energy Distribution and Flux of Thermospheric Photoelectrons. |
13 JAN 1977 |
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| Authors:
W. J. McMahon; L. Heroux; AIR FORCE GEOPHYSICS LAB HANSCOM AFB MASS
|
| An electron analyzer of the 127 deg cylindrical electrostatic deflection type, designed to measure the energy distribution and flux of thermospheric photo-electrons in the energy range from near zero to 100 eV, has been successfully flown on a rocket probe. The design and operational characteristics of the instrument are briefly described and the importance of full calibration procedures discussed. Methods for correcting or minimizing the effects of vehicle-induced disturbance of ... |
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| Values for Selected Collisional Dissociation Rate Coefficients of Positive Clustered Ions. |
AUG 1976 |
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| Authors:
J. M. Heimerl; BALLISTIC RESEARCH LABS ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Values of the rate coefficient, kr, for 15 gas-phase, two-body, collisional-dissociation reactions involving positive cluster ion of aeronomic interest have been tabulated. These values have been cast into the form kr = A (T/300) to the Bth power exp (C/T). Where possible, error bounds for the constants A, B and C have been examined. (Author) |
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| Photon Interactions with Atmospheric Negative Ions. |
28 MAY 1976 |
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| Authors:
P. C. Cosby; J. T. Moseley; J. R. Peterson; STANFORD RESEARCH INST MENLO PARK CALIF MOLECULAR PHYSICS CENTER
|
| This research was undertaken to fill a serious gap in the knowledge of the ionospheric D region behavior concerning the photoproduction of the electrons from negative ions. The information is needed for the codes that predict electron densities and ion concentrations for radar and radio communications in an atmospheric nuclear burst environment. Photodetachment cross sections had been measured for only a few simple atmospheric species. No information was available on ... |
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| Reaction Rate Data. Number 56. |
APR 1976 |
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| Authors:
GENERAL ELECTRIC CO SANTA BARBARA CALIF DASIAC
|
| The report consists of 3 parts. Part 1, DNA-sponsored research, has the following major headings: Reaction rates critical to propagation; Theoretical investigations of ionizing mechanism in the upper atmosphere; Atomic and molecular physics of IR emissions; Part 2 contains abstracts of relevant reports. Part 3 discusses non-DNA-sponsored research. |
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| Reaction Rate Data. Number 55. |
MAR 1976 |
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| Authors:
GENERAL ELECTRIC CO SANTA BARBARA CALIF DASIAC
|
| Summaries of research on atmospheric chemistry and physics are presented. Reaction kinetics, atomic and molecular physical processes, and thermochemistry related to the upper atmosphere are included. |
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| Intensity Variations of Atmospheric Hydroxyl Emissions, |
01 JAN 1976 |
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| Authors:
Ronald J. Huppi; Doran J. Baker; UTAH STATE UNIV LOGAN ELECTRO-DYNAMICS LAB
|
| Emissions from excited hydroxyl molecules constitute a significant portion of the near infrared airglow from the night sky. Extensive measurements of the characteristics of these emissions have been made by Utah State University and the Air Force Geophysics Laboratory from an AFGL KC-135 aircraft and from the ground. Observed variations in emission intensities are summarized in this report. The specific types of behavior include: diurnal variations; day-to-day variations; spatial variations ... |
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| Ionospheric Chemistry: Comparison of AIRCHEM Predictions with Results of Laboratory Simulations. |
30 DEC 1975 |
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| Authors:
Merle N. Hirsh; MINNESOTA UNIV MORRIS DIV OF SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS
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| The AIRCHEM code has been used to calculate the time evolution of ionic and neutral species during a 10 raised to the third power-second bombardment of airlike N2:O2 mixtures at p=2 and 5 Torr and 300K by 1-MeV electrons. To test the sensitivity of the predictions to assumptions regarding the production rates of specific atomic and molecular ionic and metastable species in collisions of energetic electrons with N2 and O2 ... |
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| New Atomic Beam Studies at Low Energies. |
08 OCT 1975 |
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| Authors:
R. H. Neynaber; J. A. Rutherford; D. A. Vroom; INTELCOM RAD TECH SAN DIEGO CALIF
|
| Final cross sections have been obtained for charge transfer between the ions O(+) and N(+) and the neutral atoms uranium and thorium. In the course of these measurements, cross sections were also obtained for some of the other charge transfer reactions. A second task completed was the measurement of cross sections for the reaction of Al(+) with molecular nitrogen and oxygen. Attempts were made to measurem cross sections for other ... |
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| Reaction Rate Data. Number 54. |
OCT 1975 |
|
| Authors:
GENERAL ELECTRIC CO SANTA BARBARA CALIF DASIAC
|
| Contents: Weapons Phenomenology in the Containment Zone; Reaction Rates Critical to Propagation; Theoretical Studies of Ionizing Mechanisms in the Upper Atmosphere; Determination of Reaction Rates and Ionizing Mechanisms by Use of Natural Disturbances; Atomic and Molecular Physics of IR Emissions; and IR Phenomenology and Optical Code Development. |
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| Reaction Rate Data. Number 53. |
SEP 1975 |
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| Authors:
GENERAL ELECTRIC CO SANTA BARBARA CALIF DASIAC
|
| Summaries of research on atmospheric chemistry and physics are presented. Reaction kinetics, atomic and molecular physical processes and thermochemistry related to the upper atmosphere are included. |
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| Reaction Rate Data. Number 52. |
JUL 1975 |
|
| Authors:
GENERAL ELECTRIC CO SANTA BARBARA CALIF DASIAC
|
| Summaries of research on atmospheric chemistry and physics are presented. Reaction kinetics, atomic and molecular physical processes, and thermochemistry related to the upper atmosphere are included. |
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| Payload Integration for Falling Sphere Instrumentation. |
15 MAR 1975 |
|
| Authors:
Martin J. Davin; WENTWORTH INST BOSTON MASS
|
| Under Contract No. F19628-72-C-0283 with the Atmospheric Structure Branch of the Aeronomy Laboratory of the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories, Hanscom AFB, Massachusetts, personnel, services, materials, and facilities were provided for participation in applied research and development on rocket payload instrumentation. Included therein were payload integration and field support for experimental rocket systems used to determine upper atmosphere density in the range 30 to 130 km, as well as the ... |
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| Defense Nuclear Agency Reaction Rate Handbook. Second Edition. Revision Number 4, March 1975, |
MAR 1975 |
77 pages |
| Authors:
M. H. Bortner; T. Baurer; GENERAL ELECTRIC CO PHILADELPHIA PA SPACE DIV
|
| The report is a revision to a handbook concerning atmospheric reactions from nuclear explosions and normal particle and electromagnetic bombardment of the atmosphere. It comprises minor corrections to individual pages within Chapters 4, 9, 11, 12, and 14, and some important changes of content in Chapter 16. |
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| AURORA: An NRL Auroral Chemistry Code. |
JAN 1975 |
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| Authors:
Ellis Hyman; Paul Julienne; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON D C
|
| A computer code is described which models the chemistry in the atmosphere during and subsequent to the deposition of auroral electrons. In addition to obtaining altitude profiles of 14 atmospheric species as a function of time for any given incident-electron spectrum, the code predicts volume and column emissions of selected UV, visible, and IR spectral lines. Typical results from an ICECAP spectrum are presented. |
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| The Aeronomy of Odd Nitrogen in the Thermosphere. |
DEC 1974 |
|
| Authors:
E. S. Oran; P. S. Julienne; D. F. Stroebel; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON D C
|
| A model for the aeronomy of odd nitrogen in the thermosphere is constructed that satisfactorily describes the available measurements of odd nitrogen species. Based on theoretical considerations of the molecular processes associated with N2(+) + O to NO(+) + N and N2 dissociation by electron impact and euv radiation between 800-1000 A, it is argued that essentially every reaction of N2(+) + O leads to the formation of N(doublet D) ... |
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| Analysis of 4.3 Micrometer ICE CAP Data. |
JUL 1974 |
|
| Authors:
John B. Kumer; LOCKHEED MISSILES AND SPACE CO INC PALO ALTO CALIF PALO ALTO RESEARCH LAB
|
| This report describes the theoretical analysis of infrared radiance data at 4.3 micrometer which was obtained from auroral rocket shots from Poker Flat, Alaska in 1972 and 1973 as part of the ICE CAP program. It is shown that the radiance in this wavelength region cannot be accounted for by NO+ emission, but that all of the data is well described by CO2 emission at 4.3 micrometer where the CO2 ... |
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| Effect of Energetic Atomic Oxygen and Nitrogen on Neutral Density Models. |
02 APR 1974 |
|
| Authors:
Ronald P. Rohrbaugh; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK IONOSPHERE RESEARCH LAB
|
| The dissociative recombination of O2(+), NO(+), and N2(+) in the F-region results in the production of atomic oxygen and nitrogen with substantially greater kinetic energy than the ambient atoms. A distribution technique is used to determine the amount of these energetic atoms that are capable of reaching exospheric altitudes from the collision-dominated region at which they are produced. The ballistic trajectories are then calculated in the spherical gravitational field of ... |
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| Survey of Two-Body and Three-Body Reaction-Rate Coefficients for the Ionized Stratosphere and Mesosphere, |
MAR 1974 |
|
| Authors:
Franklin E. Niles; BALLISTIC RESEARCH LABS ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Rate coefficients for two-body and three-body reactions applicable to the ionized stratosphere and mesosphere have been surveyed. The reactions are divided into five classes, viz., (1) positive-ion reactions, (2) electron reactions, (3) negative-ion reactions, (4) ion-ion reactions, and (5) neutral reactions. Reactions and their measured rate coefficients are given in tables and the values selected for inclusion in the AIRCHEM atmospheric deionization computer code are identified. The current status of ... |
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| E and F-Region Chemistry and High-Latitude Inosphere. |
28 FEB 1974 |
|
| Authors:
Daniel A. Hamlin; Benjamin F. Myers; Melvin R. Schoonover; John I. Valerio; SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INC LA JOLLA CALIF
|
| ;Contents: Calculated and observed photoelectron-flux spectra at dawn; The effect of uncertainties in rate coefficients on densities of E-region species; Ionospheric-electron heating by dissociative recombination; Temperature dependence for dissociative recombination of NO(+) in E- and F-region models. |
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| Developmental Studies of the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-Oxygen Systems. |
31 JAN 1974 |
|
| Authors:
william m. moore; Thomas K. Eccles; UTAH STATE UNIV LOGAN CENTER FOR RESEARCH IN AERONOMY
|
| A COMPUTER MODEL HAS BEEN DEVELOPED WHICH CAN PREDICT THE CHEMISTRY AND PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF THE ATMOSPHERE IN THE REGIONS OF THE UPPER STRATOSPHERE, MESOPHERE, AND LOWER THERMOSPHERE. The solar flux is calculated as a function of the sun's position with respect to any altitude above any coordinate point in the northern hemisphere. This means that the time dependent chemistry of the twilight periods can be treated in detail. the temperature ... |
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| Oxygen Recombination in the Tropical Nightglow. |
DEC 1973 |
|
| Authors:
Paul S. Julienne; Jack Davis; E. Oran; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON D C
|
| In order to explain O I lines in the tropical nightglow, complete and reasonably accurate recombination and emission rate coefficients are used to construct a detailed radiative cascade model of a recombining oxygen plasma. Effective recombination coefficients are given for all low quantum number O I levels for the two limiting cases of zero and infinite optical depth of the resonance lines. The direct recombination coefficients for the S levels, ... |
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| Reaction Rate Data Number 43. |
OCT 1973 |
|
| Authors:
GENERAL ELECTRIC CO SANTA BARBARA CALIF DNA INFORMATION AND ANALYSIS CENTER
|
| The report contains abstracts of research in aeronomy and upper atmospheric chemical processes and reaction kinetics. Nuclear fireballs, gas ionization, plasmas, and spectra of atmospheric species are other topics covered. |
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| Chemical Kinetics Data Survey. VI. Photochemical and Rate Data for Twelve Gas Phase Reactions of Interest for Atmospheric Chemistry. |
AUG 1973 |
|
| Authors:
Robert F. Hampson; NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS WASHINGTON D C PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY DIV
|
| Photochemical and rate data have been evaluated for twelve gas phase reactions of interest for the chemistry of the stratosphere. The results are presented in data sheets, one for each reaction. For each reaction the data are summarized. A preferred value is given for the rate constant or the primary quantum yield and photoabsorption cross section. (Author) |
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| Defense Nuclear Agency Reaction Rate Handbook. Second Edition. Revision Number 6, |
MAR 1972 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
M. H. Bortner; T. Baurer; GENERAL ELECTRIC CO PHILADELPHIA PA SPACE DIV
|
| This revision comprises several re-corrected pages from Chapters 11 and 16, and updated versions of Chapters 17 -- Electron Attachment and Detachment Processes; and Chapter 19 -- Neutral Reactions. |
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| Reevaluation of a Feasibility Study to Measure the Vibrational Temperature of Nitrogen in the Upper Atmosphere by Chemical Release of Hydrogen Iodide. |
05 JUL 1964 |
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| Authors:
Stephen J. Young; AEROSPACE CORP EL SEGUNDO CALIF LAB OPERATIONS
|
| A reevaluation has been made of a proposed hydrogen iodide (HI) chemical release experiment to measure the vibrational temperature of nitrogen Tv(N2) in the upper atmosphere. Recently reported laboratory measurements of important production and loss mechanisms for N2(H) in the upper atmosphere are considered. A consideration of recently measured temporal and spatial fluctuations in the infrared hydroxyl airglow brought about a revision of the estimate of the minimum measurable Tv(N2) ... |
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