The surface of dormant Bacillus anthracis spores consists of a multilayer of protein coats and a thick peptidoglycan layer that allow the cells to resist chemical and environmental insults. During germination, the spore coat is degraded, making the spore susceptible to chemical inactivation by antisporal agents as well as to mechanical inactivation by high-pressure or mechanical abrasion processes. While chemical changes during germination, especially the release of the germination marker, ...
One of the largest scale catalytic processes practiced in the petroleum industry is the cracking large petroleum molecules into smaller hydrocarbons, primarily in the gasoline range. In the United States, cracking capacity exceeds l0-l5 million barrels per day. However, the efficient conversion of low grade hydrocarbons to engine fuels with the concomitant absorption of large amounts of heat requires high temperature processing in order to overcome the thermodynamic limitations on ...
Equilibrium adsorption and diffusion data for oxygen, nitrogen, methane and argon in carbon molecular sieves 3A and 5A at 0C, 30C and 50C were obtained at pressures up to 13 Bar using a high-pressure Cahn electrobalance. On a molar basis, methane had the highest adsorption capacity among the four gases studied both in 3A and 5A molecular sieve carbons. Oxygen and nitrogen had approximately the same equilibrium adsorption capacity. Equilibrium ...
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