| The Use of Cognitive Task Analysis and Simulators for After Action Review of Medical Events in Iraq |
DEC 2006 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Richard E. Clark; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REDONDO BEACH BEHAVIORAL TECHNOLOGY LABS
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 | Prior attempts to use standard "self report" or interview protocols to extract After Action Review (AAR) descriptions of emergency event decision making and problem solving strategies generated by participants are problematical. Cognitive psychological studies suggest that the resulting information often contains significant errors and omissions (Glaser et al., 1985; Besnard, 2000). These errors are not often recognized by participants who solved important problems in emergency situations and wish to give ... |
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| On-Demand Interactive Simulation-Centered Training for Small Unit Tactics |
01 DEC 2003 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Allen Munro; Mark C. Johnson; Quentin A. Pizzini; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REDONDO BEACH BEHAVIORAL TECHNOLOGY LABS
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| Training on small unit infantry tactics in both the context of present-day infantry operations and in Objective Force Warrior contexts may benefit from the use of interactive graphics with behavioral complexity during training. The VIVIDS and iRides tools provide technologies for developing and delivering such training materials for delivery on Linux and Windows systems, respectively. Several tactics training topics were investigated in this research project. A prototype trainer on forward ... |
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| Intranet Delivery of Simulation-Centered Tutoring |
26 SEP 2003 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Allen Munro; Quentin A. Pizzini; Mark C. Johnson; Josh Walker; David Surmon; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REDONDO BEACH BEHAVIORAL TECHNOLOGY LABS
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| The need for distance learning based on advanced simulation centered technical training, including artificially intelligent maintenance training using DIAG, motivated the development of iRides, an environment for delivering and authoring interactive graphical simulations and training. iRides makes it possible to transition training materials previously developed using the RIDES and VIVIDS research products for simulation centered training. Java programs that implement a simulation delivery system work in concern with authored graphics ... |
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| On-Demand Interactive Simulation-Centered Training: Responsive Technology to Meet Warfighter Training Requirements |
OCT 2002 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Allen Munro; Mark C. Johnson; Quentin A. Pizzini; Josh Walker; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REDONDO BEACH BEHAVIORAL TECHNOLOGY LABS
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| The Army of the future will require more skills and the faster acquisition of skills by its personnel. Developing new learning technologies that support the production and delivery of cost-effective training materials when and where needed is essential to the success of future Army missions. Advanced training systems will depend upon new research results in simulation training, cognitive studies, artificial intelligence, natural language processing, and education to assure that effective ... |
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| Development of Scenario Tutors in a Generalized Authoring Environment: Feasibility Study |
JAN 1998 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas M. Towne; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REDONDO BEACH BEHAVIORAL TECHNOLOGY LABS
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| An analysis of a representative set of scenario domains indicates considerable congruence of the entities, goals, and functions involved, suggesting the feasibility of producing a generalized authoring environment capable of producing highly customized and do main-specific training systems. Such an environment would only be effective if a training system developer can easily assemble the domain-specific appearance and behavior of the entities in a particular application. A provisional design of a ... |
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| An Intelligent Tutor for Diagnosing Faults in an Aircraft Power Distribution System |
DEC 97 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas M. Towne; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REDONDO BEACH BEHAVIORAL TECHNOLOGY LABS
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| A domain-general authoring system, DIAG, was employed to develop an intelligent tutor for diagnosing faults in a dual generator AC/DC power distribution system. The application provides an operable simulation of the front panel used to control power distribution in a dual engine aircraft, 148 replaceable units that comprise the functional elements of tile target system, and a number of test points for performing fault isolation tests. In all, 105 faults ... |
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| Tools for Simulation-Based Training |
SEP 89 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas M. Towne; Allen Munro; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REDONDO BEACH BEHAVIORAL TECHNOLOGY LABS
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| The Intelligent Maintenance Training System (IMTS) is a set of software tools that permits the composition and presentation of interactive graphical simulations for computer-based technical training. IMTS is designed to support training on the operation and maintenance of complex devices. Simulations are authored by device experts, who use the IMTS tools to draw the components of the device to describe their behavior, and to create simulations made up of the ... |
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| Research on Computer Aided Design for Maintainability |
28 FEB 87 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas M. Towne; Mark C. Johnson; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REDONDO BEACH BEHAVIORAL TECHNOLOGY LABS
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| The objective of this research was to investigate methods for measuring and predicting equipment maintainability as a consequence of internal structure and the design of the man-machine interface. A computer-based technique has been developed for projecting maintenance workload which is sensitive to design characteristics such as selection for test points and from panel indicators, modularization, internal system architecture and circuitry, and physical packaging of the hardware. The report summarizes the ... |
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| Representing System Behaviors and Expert Behaviors for Intelligent Tutoring |
09 FEB 87 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas M. Towne; Allen Munro; Quentin A. Pizzini; David S. Surmon; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REDONDO BEACH BEHAVIORAL TECHNOLOGY LABS
|
| Simulation-based software tools that can infer system behaviors from a deep model of the system have the potential for automatically building the semantic representations required to support intelligent tutoring in fault diagnosis. The Intelligent Maintenance Training System (IMTS) is such a resource, designed for use in training troubleshooting skills and in conducting research into intelligent instruction. The IMTS incorporates a generalized model of an expert diagnostician, termed Profile, to evaluate ... |
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| Representing Dynamic Skill Knowledge |
DEC 84 |
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| Authors:
A. Munro; D. M. Towne; D. S. Surmon; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REDONDO BEACH BEHAVIORAL TECHNOLOGY LABS
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 | Intelligent computer Aided Instruction (ICAI) requires machine understanding of student knowledge and skills. Methods for representing knowledge about a coherent set of tasks, dynamic skill tasks, are presented. A formal system appropriate to the representation of temporality, events, and actions is adopted. A semantic composition method naturally promotes a 'degrees of specificity' approach to the representation of knowledge. Some, presumably widely held, elements of dynamic skill knowledge are domain-independent. Others ... |
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| Computer Aided of Maintainability Design: A Feasibility Study |
NOV 1984 |
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| Authors:
D. M. Towne; M. C. Johnson; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REDONDO BEACH BEHAVIORAL TECHNOLOGY LABS
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| Computer-implemented processes have been developed to aid a designer in determining the maintainability consequences of design decisions. These processes operate upon detailed sequences of diagnosis and repair actions generated by a model of corrective maintenance performance, PROFILE. The design aiding processes generate summaries of maintenance times, actions, false replacements, and other related maintenance measures to aid in the discovery of maintainability problems, the analysis of design options, and the projection ... |
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| A Performance-Based Technique for Assessing Equipment Maintainability |
AUG 1983 |
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| Authors:
Douglas M. Towne; Mark C. Johnson; William H. Corwin; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REDONDO BEACH BEHAVIORAL TECHNOLOGY LABS
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| Previous research produced a computer-implemented model of corrective maintenance performance, based on a relatively simple maximum-productivity rule for selecting maintenance operations, and a relatively complex data base representing particular systems. The model has been expanded to recognize the impact of task-sequence context upon the actions necessary to accomplish tasks. Decisions at each stage of a simulated maintenance requirements now reflect the effects of previously performed work on the time and ... |
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| Profile: A Technique for Projecting Maintenance Performance from Design Characteristics |
NOV 1982 |
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| Authors:
Douglas M. Towne; Mark C. Johnson; William H. Corwin; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REDONDO BEACH BEHAVIORAL TECHNOLOGY LABS
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| The report describes PROFILE, a computer-aided technique for assessing the maintainability of a system, based upon a specification of the system's design. For each fault of interest, PROFILE generates a sequence of actions required to isolate and correct the malfunction, and it determines the time to perform the generated procedure by accessing a data bank of standard times for generic maintenance actions. The projections are sensitive to design characteristics which ... |
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| Techniques for Computer-Based Training of Air Intercept Decision Making Skills |
OCT 1982 |
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| Authors:
Allen Munro; Douglas M. Towne; James A. Cody; Harry Abramowski; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REDONDO BEACH BEHAVIORAL TECHNOLOGY LABS
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| Research was performed on topics associated with computer based training of dynamic skill tasks. Training for such tasks is to be distinguished from the teaching of fact systems, the training domain most heavily studied in computer based instruction applications. It was hypothesized that the attentional demands of dynamic skill simulation training require that special instructional techniques be used for training to be effective. Several dynamic skill tasks were studied, and ... |
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| Intrusive and Non-Intrusive Instruction in Dynamic Skill Training |
OCT 1981 |
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| Authors:
Allen Munro; Michael R. Fehling; Pierre Blais; Douglas M. Towne; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REDONDO BEACH BEHAVIORAL TECHNOLOGY LABS
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| A distinction is drawn between computer based instruction of knowledge systems and computer based instruction of dynamic skills. There is reason to expect that the findings of research on knowledge system instruction will not apply universally to dynamic skill instruction. In particular, a theory of cognitive resource demand suggests that the principle of immediate instructional feedback may not apply in dynamic skill training. Because students in dynamic skill training are ... |
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| Design for the Maintainer: Projecting Maintenance Performance from Design Characteristics |
JUL 1981 |
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| Authors:
Douglas M. Towne; Michael R. Fehling; Nicholas A. Bond; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REDONDO BEACH BEHAVIORAL TECHNOLOGY LABS
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| We hypothesize that the maintenance activity imposed by an equipment may be effectively projected from one or more computed reference maintenance strategies. These include multi-variable strategies (optimum or 'expert' approaches), single-variable strategies (time-dominant, reliability-dominant, information-dominant, component-dominant), and a stochastic strategy in which tests are selected at random. The optimum performance strategy and the random testing strategy provide bounds on the expected maintenance performance. The single-variable approaches are suspected to be ... |
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| Generalized Maintenance Trainer Simulator: Development of Hardware and Software. |
APR 1981 |
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| Authors:
Douglas M. Towne; Allen Munro; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REDONDO BEACH BEHAVIORAL TECHNOLOGY LABS
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| This report describes the development of the Generalized Maintenance Trainer Simulator (GMTS) and provides a preliminary analysis of its suitability for use in the school environment. The GMTS is an advanced two-dimensional trainer, developed on the basis of information gathered from field testing of a previous laboratory model. The trainer is a relatively low-cost, generalizable device capable of providing maintenance training for a wide variety of electronics equipments. Test and ... |
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| Troubleshooting Complex Equipment in the Military Services: Research and Prospects. |
DEC 1979 |
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| Authors:
Nicholas A. Bond; Douglas M. Towne; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REDONDO BEACH BEHAVIORAL TECHNOLOGY LABS
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| Psychological approaches to the troubleshooting problem attempt to improve the selection, motivation, and training of technicians. Among the aspects which have been considered are methods for enhancing the understanding of physical relations in equipment, the hierarchical analysis and practice of troubleshooting sub-skills, and the general logic of searching behavior. The aiding approach tries to 'unburden' the technician by providing most of the information base in special booklets, diagrams, computer programs, ... |
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