| Modularity of Sequence Learning Systems in Humans |
95 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Steven W. Keele; Tim Curran; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
 | In this chapter we examine other components that contribute to skill, concentrating on psychophysical studies of sequence learning. We provide evidence that sequence representation is modular in the sense that it is separable from the motor systems that actually implement movement. Thus, sequencing resembles timing in that an abstract relationship is transferrable among different input/output systems. Secondly, we provide evidence for different sequential learning systems that are in certain respects ... |
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| Laboratory Investigations of the Cognitive Mechanism of Suppression |
15 MAR 93 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Morton A. Gernsbacher; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| Our goal in this research was to further understand the cognitive mechanism of suppression. In our previous work (supported by AFOSR-89-0305), we found that less-skilled comprehenders are less efficient in suppressing inappropriate, irrelevant, or should-be-ignored information. For instance, less- skilled comprehenders are less efficient in suppressing the inappropriate meanings of ambiguous words (e.g., the playing card meaning of spade when they read the sentence He dug with the spade). Less-skilled ... |
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| Sylvia Beach Language Comprehension Conference 1990 |
16 APR 92 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Morton A. Gernsbacher; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| A conference was held for internationally-known scholars in the field of language comprehension. It was a small, intense, two-and-a-half day conference in which participants had the opportunity to interact both formally and informally. Each participant gave a 30-minute talk overviewing the current state of his or her research. A thirty-minute round-table talk discussion followed each set of two talks. |
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| Visual Processing in Texture Segregation |
17 DEC 91 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Jacob Beck; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| Two types of texture segregation occurs. Preattentive texture segregation has been shown to occur as a result of differences in the outputs of Gabor filters that operate on intensity values and as a result of the grouping of discrete elements through edge alignment and lightness similarity. Texture segregation based on these properties occurs preattentively. A second type of texture segregation appears to depend on attention. Texture segregation based on the ... |
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| Language Comprehension as Structure Building |
17 OCT 91 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Morton A. Gernsbacher; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| This research investigated language comprehension, and in particular, the general, cognitive processes and mechanisms that underlie language comprehension. These general, processes and mechanisms were investigated using a simple framework Gernsbacher (1990) refers to as the 'Structure Building Framework'. According to the Structure Building Framework, the goal of comprehension is to build a coherent, mental representation of 'structure'. To do this, comprehenders must first lay a foundation. Next, they develop the ... |
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| Visual Processing in Texture Segregation |
18 DEC 90 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Jacob Beck; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| Experiments were conducted further investigating the role of both spatial frequency channels and grouping mechanisms in texture segregation. Patterns were constructed in which differences in the outputs of Gabor filters fail to account for the perceived segregation. Perceived segregation is, however, predicted by the outputs of DOG filters. The results suggest that there are at least two primitives for texture segregation: Changes in the orientations of a stimulus in which ... |
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| Language Comprehension as Structure Building |
05 SEP 90 |
79 pages |
| Authors:
Morton A. Gernsbacher; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| This research investigated the role of two structure building mechanisms in language comprehension. They are Suppression and Enhancement. The first series of experiments investigated the role of suppression in word understanding. The results demonstrated that the mechanism of suppression dampens the activation of the inappropriate meanings of ambiguous words; they do not decrease in activation simply because their activation is consumed by appropriate meanings or because they decay. A second ... |
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| Investigating Individual Differences in General Comprehension Skill: The Role of Suppression and Enhancement |
01 AUG 90 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Morton A. Gernsbacher; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| Investigation into whether the cognitive mechanism of suppression underlies differences in adult comprehensions skills are reported. Less-skilled comprehenders less-efficiently reject the inappropriate meaning of ambiguous words (e.g., the playing card vs garden tool meaning of spade), the incorrect forms of homophones (e.g., patients vs patience), the highly-typical-but-absent members of scenes (e.g., tractor in a farm scene), and words superimposed on pictures of pictures surrounding words. however, less-skilled comprehenders are not ... |
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| Explorations of Anatomy of Connectionist Models for Visual Lexical Access |
14 JUN 90 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Michael I. Posner; Don M. Tucker; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| During this 18 month short term initiative grant we have developed a new state of the art ERP laboratory based on Macintosh computers and labview software that can record up to 64 channels of EEG input. In this report we describe this system, its potential and include a manual for its operation. In addition, we have completed two experiments that show a distinction between words and consonant strings that is ... |
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| The Sylvia Beach Language Comprehension Conference, 1989 |
07 MAY 90 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Morton A. Gernsbacher; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The Sylvia Beach Language Comprehension Conference was a conference for internationally-known scholars in the field of language comprehension. Its format was unlike any currently available for disseminating and discussing language comprehension research. It was a small (only 27 participants), intense, two-and-a-half day conference in which participants had the opportunity to interact both formally and informally. Each participant gave a 30-minute talk overviewing the current state of his or her research. ... |
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| Visual Processing in Texture Segregation |
29 NOV 89 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
Jacob Beck; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| Beck (1988) reported that the outputs of 2 D Gabor filters can account for much of the segregation of a periodic visual display (tripartite pattern) into regions. We have conducted a series of experiments showing that grouping processes, as well as the outputs of spatial-frequency/orientation channels, yield automatic spontaneous segregation. In our tripartite patterns, the arrangement of local properties is different in different regions so that if the display is ... |
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| Cognitive Science Program: Components of the Motor Program: The Cerebellum as an Internal Clock |
01 JUN 86 |
|
| Authors:
OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
 | this report summarizes the initial phase of our research with neurological patients on timing functions. Parkinsonian, cerebellar, cortical and peripheral neuropathy patients as well as college aged and elderly control subjects were tested on two separate measures of timing functions. The first task involved the production of timed intervals and used the repetitive tapping task developed by Wing and Kristofferson (1973). The second task measured the subjects' perceptual ability to ... |
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| Sequencing and Timing in Skilled Perception and Action: An Overview |
01 MAY 86 |
|
| Authors:
Steven W. Keele; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The chapters in this book section are concerned with sequencing and timing in the production and perception of language. Besides giving an overview of each contribution and relating them to some common themes, the present chapter goes a bit further. It is speculated that not only are processes in common to the various manifestations of language-reading, writing, speaking, and listening-but there may be even more general processes that encompass other ... |
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| Cognitive Science Program. Force Control and Its Relation to Timing |
01 MAY 86 |
|
| Authors:
Steven W. Keele; Richard I. Ivry; Robert A. Pokorny; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| Previous work suggested two general factors of coordination that differentiate people across a variety of motor movements, factors of timing and speed. This study provides comparable evidence for a third general factor of coordination, that of force control. Subjects that exhibit low variability in reproducing a target force with one effector, such as the finger, show low variability with other effectors, foot or forearm. In addition, ability in force control ... |
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| Cognitive Science Program: Processes in the Resolution of Ambiguous Words: Towards a Model of Selective Inhibition |
01 MAY 86 |
|
| Authors:
Penny L. Yee; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| An experiment using a lixical decision paradigm is reported investigating the role of specific inhibitory processes in lexical ambuity resolution. An attentional view of inhibition and a view based on specific automatic inhibition between nodes predict different results when a neutral item is processed between an ambiguous word and a related target. The results suggest inhibitory processes, but they do not rule out the role of attention in the overall ... |
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| Selective Attention and Cognitive Control |
01 MAY 86 |
|
| Authors:
Michael I. Posner; David E. Presti; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| Studies of selective attention suggest a system which operates across modalities and on many forms of internal representation. Complex analysis, even semantic analysis, of sensory input may occur automatically (without attention), but attention controls the locus of action. Investigation of spatial attention within the visual system provides a means to explore the neural systems involved in the control of attention. (Author) |
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| Cognitive Science Program. The Concept of Energy in Psychological Theory |
01 MAY 86 |
|
| Authors:
Michael I. Posner; Mary K. Rothbart; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| We seek to understand the integration of computational (information processing) concepts of cognition and energetics (arousal, emotion, temperament) . We briefly outline the traditions out of which concepts of cognition and energetics arise. We argue that the integration of these concepts is best done at the level of the component facilitations and inhibitions describing elementary cognitive operations modulated by midbrain arousal systems. We explore this integration for the area of ... |
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| Isolating Attention Systems: A Cognitive-Anatomical Analysis |
01 MAY 86 |
|
| Authors:
Michael I. Posner; Albrecht W. Inhoff; Frances J. Friedrich; Asher Cohen; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| Recently our knowledge of the mechanisms of visual-spatial attention has improved due to studies employing single cell recording with alert monkeys and those using performance analysis of neurological patients. These studies suggest that a complex neutral network including parts of the posterior parietal lobe and midbrain are involved in covert shifts of visual attention. Is this system an isolated visual attentional module or is it part of a more general ... |
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| Is the Cerebellum Involved in Motor and Perceptual Timing: A Case Study |
15 MAY 85 |
|
| Authors:
S. W. Keele; D. L. Manchester; R. D. Rafal; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| A model and a technique developed by Wing and Kristofferson (1973) decomposes variance of timing into that putatively due to a central timekeeper (a clock) and that due to implementation of movement through the motor system. A patient with unilateral cerebellar damage, when attempting to tap out a regular series of intervals, showed a large increase in timing variability for the left hand compared to the right hand at target ... |
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| Cognitive Science Program. Hierarchical Distributed Networks in the Neuropsychology of Selective Attention |
15 MAY 85 |
|
| Authors:
M. I. Posner; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| How does the brain perform cognitive tasks? This chapter approaches the general issue by outlining a computational model of visual-spatial attention. Studies of alert animals, brain injured patients and normals suggest that components of this model are performed by separate cortical and midbrain systems which are orchestrated to produce covert attentional shifts. These findings suggest a distributed network view of visual-spatial orienting with the cognitive operations performed in different anatomical ... |
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| Cognitive Science Program. Consequences of a Phonological Coding Deficit on Sentence Processing |
15 MAY 85 |
|
| Authors:
F. J. Friedrich; R. Martin; S. J. Kemper; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The sentence processing abilities of E.A., a conduction aphasic with a documented phonological coding deficit, were investigated in tests of sentence comprehension, production and repetition. E.A. showed a syntactic comprehension deficit, relying heavily on word order information to make grammatical role assignments. Production tests revealed a generally intact ability to generate a variety of sentence constructions, although there were frequent errors in the use of grammatical morphemes in the written ... |
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| Cognitive Science Program. Dissociation of the Central Timekeeper and the Peripheral Implementation Processes in Repetitive Movements |
15 MAY 85 |
|
| Authors:
R. B. Ivry; S. W. Keele; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| Wing and Kristofferson (1973) have proposed a two-stage model of timing in repetitive motor behavior which assumes independence of a central timekeeper process and the peripheral implementation system. This model was tested with a patient who has incurred a peripheral motor neuropathy. The patient's inconsistent performance in a periodic tapping task with the afflicted hand was found to be attributable to increased variability in the motor implementation process only. This ... |
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| The Tracking of Referents in Discourse: Automated versus Attended Processes |
15 MAY 85 |
|
| Authors:
T. Givon; W. Kellogg; M. Posner; P. Yee; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The cognitive processes involved in achieving the overall coherence of discourse are central to an understanding of the use of natural language in communication. The present series of studies examines the mental effort involved in achieving coreference. We explore a major factor that affects the accessibility of referents: the length of absence of the referent from the distribution of different types of grammatical referential devices in discourse have shown a ... |
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| Force and Timing Components of the Motor Program |
15 MAY 85 |
|
| Authors:
R. B. Ivry; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| Three experiments assess the effects of variations of force and time on response latency on both simple and choice reaction time. The first two experiments demonstrate that, while latency does not vary as a function of force, increasing timing demands by requiring that a response be maintained led to increases in reaction time. These results led to the development of a model of motor programming in which force and timing ... |
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| Cognitive Science Program. A Framework for Relating Cognitive to Neural Systems |
15 AUG 1984 |
|
| Authors:
M. I. Posner; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| This paper outlines a framework for relating cognitive activities of daily life (typing, reading) to underlying neural systems. The framework uses five levels of analysis. These are as follows: task, elementary operations, components facilitation and inhibition, neural systems and cellular level. Evidence is outlined which supports the idea that component facilitations and inhibitions in performance can be systematically linked to the activity of neural populations. The evidence is in the ... |
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| Inhibition of Return: Neural Basis and Function |
15 AUG 1984 |
|
| Authors:
M. I. Posner; R. D. Rafal; L. S. Choate; J. Vaughan; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| A goal of neuropsychology is to connect cognitive functions with underlying neural systems. Posner (in press) has proposed a framework for doing so in which elementary mental operations in cognitive models are expressed in terms of component facilitations and inhibitions in the performance domain. These components are in turn linked to underlying neural systems. In the area of spatial attention one such component is the tendency to inhibit orienting toward ... |
|
| Equipment for Computational Studies of Vision |
09 AUG 84 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Jacob Beck; Kent A. Stevens; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The equipment provided funds for the purchase of a Symbolics 3600 Lisp Machine and associated imaging equipment. The imaging equipment consisted of a serpentine memory and frame buffer from Robotic Systems, Incorporated. The funds awarded for a color monitor, $1,450, was originally to be supplemented by funds from AFOSR contract F49620-83-C-0093. Since the monitor could not be purchased by combining the two sources of funds, we purchased a Tektronix 690SR ... |
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| Explorations of Individual Differences Relevant to High Level Skill |
15 DEC 1981 |
|
| Authors:
Steven W. Keele; Harold L. Hawkins; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| Past research has uncovered few broad abilities that underlie high level motor skill. In this paper attempts to isolate three different abilities of potential relevance to skill are described. No evidence was found for a general time-sharing ability in common to different kinds of tasks. Modest evidence was found for a trait of attentional flexibility. That trait could potentially be of use in predicting success on skills that require rapid ... |
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| Low Cost Simulation of Piloting Tasks. |
21 JAN 1980 |
|
| Authors:
Gerald M. Reicher; Brian J. Davidson; Harold L. Hawkins; Gilbert Osgood; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| An attempt was made to validate a low cost, low fidelity, computer driven flight simulator. The validation is required so that the simulator can be used as a criterion task to see whether we can predict flight performance on the basis of performance on other tests of individual cognitive ability like attentional flexibility, visual representational skill, priority setting and planning. The simulator was based on instrument flying rather than visual ... |
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| The Case against Secondary Task Analyses of Mental Workload. |
10 JAN 1980 |
|
| Authors:
Harold L. Hawkins; R. Daniel Ketchum; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| In a commonly used sense, mental workload refers to the proportion of an individual's total processing capacity taken up by a particular cognitive task or task combination. One approach to the assessment of mental workload is called the secondary task analysis. In this approach, the operator is required to carry out two simultaneous tasks, assigning one (the primary task) a high priority and the other (the secondary task) a lower ... |
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| Preparation Cost and Dual-Task Performance: Further Evidence against a General Time-sharing Factor. |
31 AUG 1979 |
|
| Authors:
Harold L. Hawkins; Elizabeth Ollich-Rodriguez; Thomas O. Halloran; R. Daniel Ketchum; David B. Bachmann; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The time-sharing performance of 12 pilot trainees and 12 subjects with no pilot training was evaluated on 8 dual-task and 4 single-task conditions. Three task characteristics-input modality (auditory or visual), output modality (vocal or manual), and task difficulty (easy or difficult)--were systematically manipulated across conditions in an effort to vary the nature of the specific time-sharing demands imposed. To assess their generality, time-sharing factors were correlated across task conditions. A ... |
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| Is Time-Sharing a General Ability. |
30 JUN 1979 |
|
| Authors:
Harold L. Hawkins; Elizabeth Rodriguez; Gerald M. Reicher; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The time-sharing ability of 18 students was measured under 8 separate dual-task (double-stimulation) conditions. Three task characteristics -- input modality (auditory or visual), output modality (vocal or manual) and task difficulty (easy or difficult) -- were systematically varied across conditions in an effort to manipulate the nature of the specific time-sharing demands imposed. Each condition contained two of these characteristics in common with 3 of the remaining 7 conditions, one ... |
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| Time-Sharing is Not a Unitary Ability. |
30 JUN 1978 |
|
| Authors:
Harold L. Hawkins; Merton Church; Suzanne de Lemos; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The results of the experiments lead to the conclusion that time-sharing is not a single general ability, but rather is dependent upon several more specific, and perhaps independent, processing limitations. These include: (1) an inability early in practice to simultaneously select, or retrieve, multiple responses from memory; (2) a persisting inability to initiate multiple independent responses simultaneously; (3) an inability to process, or at least efficiently process, contiguous inputs from ... |
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| Individual Differences in Attentional Flexibility. |
15 MAY 1978 |
|
| Authors:
Steven W. Keele; W. Trammell Neill; Suzanne M. de Lemos; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| This report describes a preliminary study that attempts to develop the concept of attentional flexibility. Flexibility refers to the rapidity with which set or attention can be switched from one signal requiring attention to another. If a trait exists, then people who can rapidly switch set on one task should be able to rapidly switch set in a different kind of setting. The existence of such a trait could ultimately ... |
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| Mechanisms of Attention. |
FEB 1977 |
|
| Authors:
Steven W. Keele; W. Trammell Neill; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| Control problems of attention theory concern analysis of the source of limitations in processing information, and the mechanisms that control the flow of information from input to output. Early theories of attention suggested a very close link between processes that take time and processes that take attention. But abundant information suggests that at least one time-consuming process, that whereby a stimulus activates familiar associations in memory, demands little or no ... |
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| Coding Systems and the Comprehension of Instructional Materials |
31 AUG 1976 |
|
| Authors:
Ray Hyman; Steven W. Keele; Gerald M. Reicher; Benson Schaeffer; Wayne A. Wickelgren; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The goal in this project was to try to bridge the gap between cognitive psychology and instructional technology. For the most part, contemporary cognitive psychology is built upon experiments that employ extremely simple, arbitrary and meaningless stimulus materials with respondents who spend only a total time that rarely exceeds a few hours. The new area of semantic memory, however, has encouraged experimentation with stimulus materials that are more complex, meaningful ... |
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| Coding Systems and the Comprehension of Instructional Materials |
30 APR 1976 |
|
| Authors:
Ray Hyman; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The initial hardware problems with the Prime seemed to have been resolved when new problems were discovered within the central processor itself. The circuit board involved has been sent back to the manufacturer. We hope to have the Prime system ready to operate--both in terms of hard and software--in time for the summer. Wickelgren and his students developed a new method--the 'yes-no recall' method for studying retrieval dynamics of recall ... |
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| Individual Differences in Word Fusion: A Methodological Analysis. |
Sep 1975 |
|
| Authors:
Steven W Keele; Don R Lyon; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| It was recently discovered that when word components such as 'lanket' and 'banket', both derived from blanket, are presented one to each ear, the components may perceptually fuse into the word, but there are large individual differences in fusion rates. These differences may indicate differences in how people process information and therefore may be of considerable theoretical and practical significance. The present research correlated different measures of fusion in an ... |
|
| Source of Individual Differences in Digit Span. |
Sep 1975 |
|
| Authors:
Don R Lyons; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| Individual differences in the ordered recall of list of digits are examined experimentally. The resulting evidence argues that neither differences in rehearsal strategies nor differences in the tendency to group and chunk the digits are major determinants of differences in digit span size. Further experiments attempt to pinpoint the source of individual differences in the sequence of basic information processes hypothesized to underlie performance on the task. The results implicate ... |
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| Coding Systems and the Comprehension of Instructional Materials. |
APR 1975 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Ray Hyman; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| This research continues earlier studies of how learners encode information for storage in memory and the effect of the encoding process on retrieval from memory storage. Current research is extending the investigation to the storage and recovery of semantic (meaningful) information rather than unrelated units of information. The writer and his associates are working on the process of 'chunking' information into units as an influence on memory. They are also ... |
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| Coding Systems and the Comprehension of Instructional Materials. |
31 OCT 1974 |
|
| Authors:
Ray Hyman; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The objective of the current study is to improve instruction, especially instruction of adults who come to the instructional situation with varying degrees of relevant background and information. The practical problem is how to interface the instructional materials and their presentation with the skills and knowledge that the learner brings with him to the task. The research program attempts to supply some of the basic research that will help to ... |
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| Coding Systems and the Comprehension of Instructional Materials. |
30 APR 1974 |
|
| Authors:
Ray Hyman; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The purpose of this project is to investigate experimentally how new information is integrated into long term memory. One question has to do with how the content and organization of old memories affects how the new input is processed, assimilated, and altered. The second question focusses upon the old memory. How does it get altered as the result of having taken in new information. The authors are especially interested in ... |
|
| Coding Systems and the Comprehension of Instructional Materials. |
31 OCT 1973 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Ray Hyman; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The study consists of three overlapping subprograms. The major subprogram focuses upon questions of how the organization of data in memory affects the acquisition of new information and the usefulness of stored information in response to various tasks. A second subprogram focuses upon the complementary issue of how different ways of encoding the information to be assimilated affects mastery and efficiency of processing. The third subprogram is aimed at bridging ... |
|
| Coding Systems in Perception and Cognition. |
01 DEC 1972 |
|
| Authors:
Ray Hyman; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The variety of experiments completed under the contract successfully isolated ways that humans encode and employ information to meet task demands. The results indicate that, when a stimulus is presented, two or more separate coding processes proceed in parallel. One process may build up an iconic representation of the stimulus object; another process is the retrieval of one or more name codes for the stimulus pattern. For some tasks the ... |
|
| Coding Systems in Perception and Cognition. |
FEB 1972 |
|
| Authors:
Ray Hyman; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| An experimental study was made of the different ways that human subjects represent information and how these forms of representation facilitate or hinder adaptive behavior with respect to environmental information. Research on human performance has clearly indicated how limited is man's capacity for dealing with information. He must selectively react; he cannot cope with it all. The work provides information that might be relevant to this issue by bringing to ... |
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| ELEMENTARY PROCESSES IN PATTERN PERCEPTION. |
30 JUN 1969 |
|
| Authors:
Fred Attneave; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| Work accomplished is described under the following headings: (1) Psychophysical scaling. Transportation was used as a scaling method. By this criterion, the musical scale is better than the mel scale. Manitude judgments were analyzed into input and output components. (2) Perceptual grouping. The kinds of homogeneity that provide similarity grouping were investigated. Slope of elements is the highest order variable that gives decisive ... |
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| CODING SYSTEMS IN PERCEPTION AND COGNITION. |
31 DEC 1968 |
|
| Authors:
Ray Hyman; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| Methodology, hardware and technical competence were developed towards new problems. Some of these new problems include the role of imagery, the control systems of serial behavior, natural languages, the problem of meaning, decision processes, automated tasks, skilled performance in naturalistic settings, etc. (Author) |
|
| CODING SYSTEMS IN PERCEPTION AND COGNITION. |
28 JUN 1968 |
|
| Authors:
Michael I. Posner; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| A summary is given of research efforts in the following areas: Perception and psychophysics; Memory and performance; Cognitive processes. |
|
| CODING SYSTEMS IN PERCEPTION AND COGNITION. |
08 JAN 1968 |
|
| Authors:
Michael I. Posner; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| A number of studies were conducted in the areas of perception, attention, memory and cognition. Empirical and theoretical techniques were formulated for studying how man allocates his limited processing capacities to various aspects of the environment. It was shown that material which does not reach focal attention can still be related to past experience, but that it shows a serious deficiency in storage. The process of abstraction from visual to ... |
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