| Potentiation of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss by JP-8 Jet Fuel |
02 AUG 2005 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Randle M. Gallucci; Laurence D. Fechter; Jay Hanas; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
 | Military personnel are exposed to JP-8 through the skin, and the DoD has identified that one of the main complaints of personnel exposed to jet fuel is "skin problems" (www.JP- 8.org). The purposes of this project were to assess potential hearing loss associated with JP-8 jet fuel exposures and loud noise, and also to describe the pathology of jet fuel dermatitis. A rat model of dermal exposure was chosen but ... |
|
| Caspase Deficiency: Involvement in Breast Carcinogenesis and Resistance |
JUL 2004 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
XiaoHe Yang; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| This project was proposed to study the correlation between caspase deficiency and breast cancer carcinogenesis and therapeutic resistance. In the last year of this grant, we examined the mRNA levels of 8 caspases in 20 breast cancer cell lines and the expression of caspases-3 in 102 cases of breast cancer tissues. We also studied the role of caspase-3 in genistein induced apoptosis. In summary of the whole project, we have ... |
|
| Caspase Deficiency: Involvement in Breast Carcinogenesis and Resistance |
JUL 2003 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
XiaoHe Yang; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| In the past year, our work focused on defining the functional impact of specific caspase deficiency as proposed in aim 3. We demonstrated that caspase-3 had feedback action on cytochrome c release in TNF-(L treated cells, as it was observed in doxorubicin treated cells. We also found that functional caspase 3 contributed to the up regulation of Fas in the cells treated with chemotherapeutic agents. To study the interactions between ... |
|
| EGF-Receptor Signaling in Endocytosis Deficient Cells |
JUL 2001 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Brian Ceresa; Sandra L. Schmid; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| Award DAMDl7-99-l-9367 seeks to understand the role of membrane trafficking in Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) signal transduction. We have been using a tissue culture model system (HeLa cells) to isolate the activated EGFR at distinct stages in the endocytic pathway. Our research has focused on rab5, a small molecular weight GTPase, implicated in the biogenesis of the early endosome. Mutations to modulate the guanine nucleotide binding properties of this ... |
|
| Development of a Novel, Proteinase-Activated Toxin Targeting Tumor Neovascularization |
OCT 2000 |
|
| Authors:
Rodney K. Tweten; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
 | Tumor progression and angiogenesis are dependent on the expression and activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). To target invading tumor cells based on their cell-surface expression of active MMPs, a novel bacterial toxin was developed in which the normal furin activation site of the proteolytically activated alpha-toxin of Clostridium septic urn was replaced with a recognition site for the MMPs. Cleavage of either wild-type or mutant alpha-toxin leads its oligomerization into ... |
|
| A Novel Approach to Prostate Cancer Chemotherapy: Design of Prodrugs for Tissue-Specific Activation |
AUG 1999 |
|
| Authors:
Longqin Hu; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| During the first year of funding, we accomplished the synthesis of three of the four protected Linker-Drug conjugates of doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) proposed in the original application (Task 1). We have also successfully tested the cyclization activation process of one type of Linker-Drug conjugate of 5-FU (Task 2). Our results established chemically the feasibility of using carbamoyl-5-fluorouracil conjugates as potential prodrugs for the treatment of cancer such as advanced ... |
|
| Values Identified in Different Groups of Air Force Nurses |
1999 |
135 pages |
| Authors:
OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| Transition is a process of change that occurs throughout a person's lifetime in self-identity, life activities, and occupational choice and development. Fundamental personal values are reflected in the choices and decisions made in every aspect of our lives. The conceptual framework of transition by Schumacher and Meleis included recognition of personal values as an integral piece of the transition process. This descriptive study's purpose was to identify values held by ... |
|
| Low-Dose Alcohol Effects on Human Behavior and Performance: A Review of Post-1984 Research |
NOV 94 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Frank A. Holloway; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The purpose of this review was to survey the literature examining alcohol effects on human behavior and performance, especially low alcohol dose effects. Other comprehensive reviews on this topic from 1975 to 1990 found that alcohol could affect all classes of performance, but that the kinds of performance most sensitive to low dose effects depended on: (a) the analysis of skills or abilities (selective attention), (b) the kind of task ... |
|
| The Effects of Ricin on the Heart and Coronary Arteries |
20 JAN 94 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Casey P. Robinson; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The effects of giving rabbits a minimal lethal dose (0.22 ug/kg) of ricin on their hearts and coronary arteries were investigated. Ricin did not alter the time to peak tension of the papillary muscle and its contraction duration, or frequency responses. The EC50 for force development of the papillary muscle in the presence of Bay K 8644 was increased by ricin. Ricin did not alter the resting membrane potential, action ... |
|
| Physiological Correlates of Stress-Induced Decrements in Human Perceptual Performance |
NOV 93 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Garnet A. McLean; Landgrave T. Smith; Timothy J. Hill; Carl J. Rubenstein; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| Stress-induced changes in human performance have been thought to result from alterations in the 'multidimensional arousal state' of the individual, as indexed by alterations in the physiological and psychological mechanisms controlling performance. Identification of such changes in substrate activities provide more complete descriptions of both the performance changes and the arousal state/mechanisms. In this study, decrements in perceptual performance were produced by independent and combined administration of atropine, sleep loss ... |
|
| Antidotes for Ricin Intoxication. Effects of Ricin on the Vascular Neuroeffector System |
25 OCT 92 |
187 pages |
| Authors:
Casey P. Robinson; Victoria J. Christiansen; Chia-Hsuh Hsu; Lin Zhang; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The i.v. 48 hour (and 7 day) LD50 and the minimum lethal dose (MLD) of ricin in male New Zealand White rabbits has been determined by the Up and Down procedure. A MLD and a toxic sub-lethal dose (TSD) lowered blood pressure after a 12 hour or greater lag period, but only the MLD did so significantly (p < 0.05). Heart rate was increased when blood pressure was reduced, which ... |
|
| Antidotes for Ricin Intoxication |
21 OCT 91 |
|
| Authors:
Casey Robinson; Victoria J. Christiansen; Chia-Hsuh Hsu; Lin Zhang; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The i.v. 48 hour (and 7 day) LD sub 50 of ricin in male New Zealand White rabbits has been determined by the Up and Down procedure as 0.54 ug/kg, the minimal lethal dose as 0.44 ug/kg and a sub-lethal toxic dose as 0.22 ug/kg. Both 0.22 ug/kg and 0.44 ug/kg lowered blood pressure after at least a 12 hour lag period, but only 0.44 ug/kg did so significantly (p ... |
|
| Soman Effects on the Vascular Neuroeffector System |
01 MAY 90 |
|
| Authors:
Casey P. Robinson; Chao-Yu Hu; Chia-Hsuh Hsu; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The effects of soman on the vascular system were examined in rabbits. Soman injection caused a slight decrease in core body temperature 1 hour after injection, but temperature had returned to normal 23 hours later. This soman dose also caused a fall in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure 1 hour and 24 hours after treatment with soman. Body weights were slightly decreased on the first 3 days of injections, ... |
|
| Soman and the Ca(2+)-Pump Activity of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum |
21 SEP 87 |
|
| Authors:
Bert A. Mobley; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| Mechanically skinned fibers from extensor digitorum longus muscles of mice and anterior tibialis muscles of frogs were prepared in relaxing solutions. Skinned fibers were mounted in an apparatus to measure isometric force and fiber diameter and one in which the bathing solutions could be changed rapidly. Fibers were depleted of calcium by caffeine and EGTA and then rinsed in relaxing solution. Contracture was measured. Zero time was assumed to be ... |
|
| Atropine, Stress and Human Performance |
AUG 87 |
|
| Authors:
Harold L. Williams; John Carney; Frank A. Holloway; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| These studies examined the independent and combined eff ects of atropine, sleep deprivation and exercise on information processing, autonomic activity, self-reports and daytime sleepiness in human subjects had found that both atropine and sleep deprivation selectively impair perceptual processing. Other investigations using animal models had found that both atropine and sleep deprivation selectively impair perceptual processing. Other investigations using animal models had found that pre-dose exercise exacerbated performance degradation due ... |
|
| Agent Effects on the Vascular Neuroeffector System |
01 MAY 87 |
|
| Authors:
Casey P. Robinson; Chao-Yu Hu; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The effects of soman on the resting contractile tension of human uterine arteries and on the contractions of these arteries to vasoactive agents were investigated. Soman did not alter the resting tension of helically cut strips of human uterine arteries. Soman did not alter concentration-response curves of the strips to norepinephrine, serotonin, potassium chloride, or histamine. Soman increased contractile tension of human uterine artery strips to subsequently added 1 micromole ... |
|
| Atropine, Stress and Human Performance |
JAN 87 |
|
| Authors:
Harold L. Williams; John Carney; Frank A. Holloway; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| This study investigated the independent and combined effects of a 2.0 mg dose of atropine,a period of pre-dose exercise and a night of sleep loss on cognitive performance, self-reports, sleepiness and physiological variables in healthy young men. Recent studies suggested that both atropine and sleep deprivation cause selective impairment of cognitive functions associated with the active processing of information input. In humans, exercise had no significant main effect on performance ... |
|
| Corticosteroid/Antibiotic Treatment of Septic Shock: An Evaluation of Mechanisms |
23 JUL 86 |
|
| Authors:
Lerner B. Hinshaw; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| We have succeeded in developing the first effective therapy to prevent death from septic shock induced by a 100% lethal dose of live E. coli organisms administered intravenously to dogs and nonhuman primates. The therapy consists of intermittent infusions of the corticosteroid, methylprednisolone sodium succinate, and the aminoglycoside antibiotic, gentamicin sulfate. Application of the therapy soon after initiation of E. coli administration has increased survival (> 7 days) from 0% ... |
|
| Agent Effects on the Vascular Neuroeffector System |
01 MAY 86 |
|
| Authors:
Casey P. Robinson; Chao-Yu Hu; Chia-Yao Hung; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The effects of soman, a cholinesterase inhibitor, on the vascular system were examined in rabbits. Soman injection caused a slight decrease in core body temperature 1 hour after injection, but temperature had returned to normal 23 hours later. Body weights were slightly decreased the first 3 days of injections, but weights were not significantly different from controls on any of the days. A sublethal dose of soman caused a fall ... |
|
| Soman and the CA (2+)-Pump Activity of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum |
APR 86 |
|
| Authors:
Bert A. Mobley; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The effects of soman (GD), 2-PAM-C1 (PAM), and 3 C1, 2, 5, 6 trimethylbenzoic acid (TBA) were tested on the contractile proteins and the calcium pump of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skinned skeletal muscle fibers of mice. The effects of the organophosphate agent, GD, and the putative antidotes, PAM and TBA were assayed as they altered the ability of skinned fibers to produce force in two different circumstances: 1. In ... |
|
| Atropine, Stress, and Human Performance |
31 OCT 85 |
|
| Authors:
Harold L. Williams; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The major aims of this research program are to investigate dose effects of atropine combined with such stress-related variables as sleep deprivation and/or moderate pre-dose exercise on cognitive performance and psychophysiology of healthy young men. Employing/integrated between-and within- subjects repeated measures design, the major aim of the second year of work was to investigate the independent and combined effects of a single intramuscular, 2mg dose of atropine and one night ... |
|
| Atropine, Stress and Human Performance |
OCT 1984 |
|
| Authors:
Harold L. Williams; John Carney; Frank A. Holloway; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| These experiments examined atropine dose-related effects (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg) alone and atropine pulse predose exercise effects on physiology, cognitive performance and self-reports in 12 healthy young men. Recent studies suggest that tasks that load perceptual processes may be more sensitive to atropine than tasks that load motor functions. Work with rodents suggested that prior exercise might potentiate the effects of atropine in man. Atropine had biphasic dose-related effects ... |
|
| Biological Determinants of the Behavioral Effects of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors |
JAN 84 |
|
| Authors:
John M. Carney; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| This report describes the effects of atropine, atropine methylnitrate, scopolamine scopolamine methylbromide, homatropine, homatropine methylbromied and benactyzine on fixed ratio (FR) responding in rested and acutely exercised rats. In addition, these rats were retested after an 8 and 10 week treadmill exercise conditioning regimen. The beneficial effects of conditioning are discussed in terms of the protection from the exercise-induced change in drug potency and in the decrease in muscarinic antagonist ... |
|
| Extracorporeal Perfusion without Exogenous Anticoagulation: Its Protective Role in Endotoxin Shock |
19 FEB 1982 |
|
| Authors:
L. B. Hinshaw; A. C. K. Chang; B. K. Beller-Todd; L. T. Archer; F. B. Taylor; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| Our previous work demonstrated that after 90 minutes of arteriovenous perfusion without anticoagulation dogs were protected from lethal endotoxin. The present study extended that work by conducting experiments with heparinized and nonheparinized, perfused and nonperfused animals administered endotoxin. Experiments with 42 adult mongrel dogs were divided into six groups: Group A (endotoxin; no perfusion); B (perfusion; no endotoxin); C (perfusion; endotoxin initiated after 90 minutes); D (perfusion and endotoxin simultaneously); ... |
|
| Effectiveness of Steroid/Antibiotic Treatment in Primates Administered LD100 Escherichia coli |
JUL 1981 |
|
| Authors:
Lerner B. Hinshaw; Beverly K. Beller-Todd; Linda T. Archer; Bruce Benjamin; Dayl J. Flournoy; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| Early aggressive therapy with maintenance infusions of methylprednisolone sodium succinate and gentamicin sulfate significantly increases the probability for survival of baboons given LD100 E. coli. The present study was designed to determine if baboons would recover when initiation of treatment was delayed until they had sustained E. coli-induced systemic hypotension for a period of approximately three hours. Sixteen adult baboons were each administered a two-hour infusion of LD100 E. coli. ... |
|
| Survival of Primates in Lethal Septic Shock Following Delayed Treatment with Steroid. |
26 FEB 1981 |
|
| Authors:
L. B. Hinshaw; L. T. Archer; B. K. Beller-Todd; B. Benjamin; D. J. Flournoy; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| We recently developed a methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS)/gentamicin sulfate (GS) regimen that prevented death in baboons given a 2-hour infusion of LD100 E. coli (J. Surg. Res. 28:151, 1980). Steroid treatment was begun in that study 30 minutes after initiation of E. coli. Our current aim was to determine if baboons would survive if MPSS treatment was delayed until all E. coli were infused and severe hypotension had ensued. Fourteen ... |
|
| Recovery from Endotoxin Shock after Extracorporeal Perfusion without anticoagulation. |
27 DEC 1979 |
|
| Authors:
Beverly Beller-Todd; Linda T. Archer; Lerner B. Hinshaw; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an extracorporeal nonanticoagulated perfusion system on survival from endotoxin shock in anesthetized closed-chest dogs. Dogs weighin approximately 18 kilograms were perfused 4 hours or served as nonperfused controls. In the perfused animals, blood was diverted from the distal aorta via plastic tubing at 1000 ml/min into a reservoir and returned by means of a roller-type pump to the femoral ... |
|
| Canine Autoanticoagulation during Extracorporeal Perfusion. |
19 DEC 1979 |
|
| Authors:
Lerner B. Hinshaw; Beverly Beller-Todd; Linda T. Archer; T. L. Murphy; F. B. Taylor Jr; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| This laboratory has developed a procedure for extracorporeal perfusion without administration of anticoagulants. The present study was designed to determine extra- and intracorporeal requirements for the development of the incoagulable state, to investigate the biologic stability of the perfusion system, and to better define the nature of the hypocoagulable state. Anesthetized dogs were on extracorporeal perfusion without exogenous anticoagulation at flows exceeding 800 ml/min. Within 45 minutes of perfusion, blood ... |
|
| Endogenous Anticoagulation during Extracorporeal Perfusion in the Dog: Generation of a Heparin-Like Inhibitor. |
19 DEC 1979 |
|
| Authors:
T. L. Murphy; F. J. Walker; F. B. Taylor III; Beverly Beller-Todd; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| Studies were done to define the coagulation defect that develops in anesthetized dogs perfused with an arteriovenous extracorporeal perfusion system without added heparin. The development of whole blood clotting times (WBCT) greater than 24 hors is associated with the appearance of a plasma inhibitor of thrombin and Factor Xa clotting of bovine plasma. This inhibitor stimulated the inactivation of Factor Xa by antithrombin III (ATIII) but not by o-methyl-isourea modified ... |
|
| Prolonged Shock in the Monkey Follwoing Live 'Escherichia Coli' Organism Infusion. |
26 FEB 1979 |
|
| Authors:
J. J. Coalson; L. T. Archer; J. D. Kern; B. A. Benjamin; B. Beller-Todd; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| Responses of the rhesus monkey to live E. coli organisms during an observation period of 0-27 hours were studied. Nine of eleven monkeys were infused with live E. coli organisms, the dose ranging between 7.6 x 10 to 9th power and 3.0 x 10 to 11th power organisms/kg, for 30 minutes. Three of nine animals survived for 24 hours or longer. Nonsurvivors demonstrated significant hypotension, hypoglycemia, and hypoinsulinemia, while survivors ... |
|
| Prolonged Shock in the Baboon Subjected to Infusion of 'E. Coli' Endotoxin. |
26 FEB 1979 |
|
| Authors:
J. J. Coalson; B. Benjamin; L. T. Archer; B. Beller; C. L. Gilliam; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| This study was designed to examine the response of the baboon during a 24-hour period following E. coli endotoxin infusion. Experiments were conducted on young adult baboons, unrestrained and maintained at a light plane of anesthesia induced with pentobarbital sodium. Light and electron microscopic studies on lung, heart, liver, and kidney were conducted; hematologic changes and physiologic responses were measured. The efficacy of heparin to prevent the coagulopathy and increase ... |
|
| Is Antibiotic/Steroid Post-Treatment Capable of Preventing Death in Escherichia Coli LD100 Shocked Baboons. |
26 FEB 1979 |
|
| Authors:
L. B. Hinshaw; L. T. Archer; B. K. Beller-Todd; J. J. Coalson; D. J. Flournoy; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| Fourteen adult baboons (P. c. cynocephalus) were anesthetized and prepared aseptically for 2-hr infusions of 2.4 x 10 to 10th power E. coli organisms per kg body wt. Three groups were studied: Group I, E. coli alone; Group II, E. coli plus infusions of both gentamicine sulfate (GS) (18 mg/kg) and methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS) (75 mg/kg); and Group III, E. coli plus GS (18 mg/kg). Animals were monitored during ... |
|
| Prevention of Death in Escherichia Coli (ld100) Shock. |
19 FEB 1979 |
|
| Authors:
L. B. Hinshaw; B. K. Beller; L. T. Archer; D. J. Flournoy; G. L. White; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| This study was designed to determine the efficacy of maintenance infusions of methylprednisolone sodium succinate and gentamicin sulfate in live Escherichia coli organism shock. Twenty-three conditioned dogs were anesthetized, instrumented aseptically, infused for one hour with approximately 9.5 x 10 to the 9th power organisms per kilogram, studied for 6 hours and observed for 7 days or until death. All seven untreated dogs died within 24 hours following variable periods ... |
|
| Effects of Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate on Clearance of Live E. coli from the Peripheral Blood of Dogs. |
28 AUG 1978 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Gary L. White; Linda T. Archer; Ora F. Elmore; Learner B. Hinshaw; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| Corticosteroids have been reported to potentiate infections, and yet recent clinical and experimental studies have documented their therapeutic effectiveness in both septic and endotoxin shock. This study was designed to determine if methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MP) affects the clearance of live E. coli organisms from peripheral blood of dogs. The experimental group was pretreated with 30 mg/kg of MP while controls received equal volumes of saline. Both control and MP ... |
|
| Effects of Pentobarbital Anesthesia on Survival, 'Escherichia coli' Clearance, Glucose and Leukocyte Concentration in Dogs Subjected to LD100. 'Escherichia coli'. |
28 AUG 1978 |
|
| Authors:
Gary L. White; Linda T. Archer; Beverly K. Beller; Ora F. Elmore; Lerner B. Hinshaw; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| This study was conducted to determine the effects of sodium pentobarbital anesthesia on survival of the dog, leukocyte response, E. coli clearance from the peripheral blood and blood glucose concentration in the leukocytotic endotoxin pre-injected canine subjected to a LD(100) of live E. coli organisms. Our laboratory has shown that the awake leukocytotic endotoxin pre-injected canine survives lethal doses of E. coli live organisms or endotoxin. Sodium pentobarbital anesthesia decreased ... |
|
| Effects of Sodium Pentobarbital Anesthesia and Leukocytosis on 'Escherichia coli' Mortality in Dog Blood 'In vitro'. |
21 AUG 1978 |
|
| Authors:
Linda T. Archer; Gary L. White; Beverly K. Beller; Ora F. Elmore; Jeanette S. Glasgow; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| Data reveal that sodium pentobarbital anesthesia does not depress glucose uptake of neutrophils stimulated by the addition of live E. coli. E. coli viability was reduced equally in blood obtained before and after sodium pentobarbital anesthesia. Pre- and post-anesthetic blood samples with E. coli added showed comparable decreases in mature neutrophils and elevations in numbers of degenerated neutrophils. These data suggest that the ability of the neutrophil to phagocytize is ... |
|
| 'Escherichia coli' Shock in the Baboon and the Response to Adrenocorticosteroid Treatment. |
12 JUN 1978 |
|
| Authors:
L. B. Hinshaw; J. J. Coalson; B. A. Benjamin; L. T. Archer; B. K. Beller; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| Recent studies from this laboratory have demonstrated that methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MP) increases survival rate in animals given LD100 Escherichia coli endotoxin. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of MP on the baboon infused with live Escherichia coli organisms. Awake animals were paired by infusing comparable intravenous doses of Escherichia coli during a 5-hour period. Baboons given MP received bolus injections of 30 mg/kg at 15 ... |
|
| 'Escherichia coli' Shock Following Corticosteroid Treatment: A Pathologic Study in Baboons. |
12 JUN 1978 |
|
| Authors:
J. J. Coalson; B. A. Benjamin; L. T. Archer; B. K. Beller; R. H. Spaet; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The purpose of this study was to determine if corticosteroids would prevent the development of the pathologic lesions of septic shock in baboons treated with live E. coli organisms during a 24-hour study period. Pathologic changes were defined for multiple organs and compared to the lesions previously described in shock in humans. Eleven awake baboons were infused with comparable doses of live E. coli organisms during a 5-hour period with ... |
|
| Extracorporeal Perfusion without Anticoagulation and the Response to Endotoxin. |
22 MAY 1978 |
|
| Authors:
B. K. Beller; L. T. Archer; S. D. Kosanke; L. B. Hinshaw; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The present study was designed and carried out in an attempt to establish an extracorporeal perfusion system without anticoagulation and to study how this system affects the animal's response to endotoxin. The results of the study show that an extracorporeal perfusion system without anticoagulation can be established in the dog under certain conditions. It also points to a model to study the effects of endotoxin without heparin interference and as ... |
|
| Increased Survival with Methylprednisolone Post-Treatment in Lethal Endotoxin Shock. |
16 FEB 1978 |
|
| Authors:
Gary L. White; Linda T. Archer; Beverly K. Beller; Lerner B. Hinshaw; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The use of corticosteroids has long been intensively studied for the treatment of septic shock; however, there still remains much controversy over their use. This study was designed to determine the therapeutic value of post-treatment with methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MP) in the awake and anesthetized canine receiving LD100 of E. coli endotoxin by either intravenous slow infusion or bolus injection. The MP was administered initially at 15 minutes post-endotoxin at ... |
|
| In vitro Effects of Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate and E. coli Organisms on Neutrophils in Baboon Blood. |
11 OCT 1977 |
|
| Authors:
L. B. Hinshaw; B. K. Beller; J. A. Majde; L. T. Archer ; G. L. White; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The corticosteroid, methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MP), has been observed to prevent hypoglycemia in experimental septic shock; however, detrimental actions of various corticosteroids on polymorphonuclear leukocyte function have been reported. The present study was designed to determine if MP depresses glucose metabolism of leukocytes or adversely affects neutrophil survival, or whether it modifies the mortality rate of live E. coli in baboon blood in vitro. Results show that therapeutically effective concentrations ... |
|
| Leukocyte Response and Hypoglycemia: Co-Determinants in the Altered Survival to Superlethal Endotoxic Shock. |
13 DEC 1976 |
|
| Authors:
Gary L. White; Linda T. Archer; Beverly K. Beller; Donald D. Holmes; Lerner B. Hinshaw; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The laboratory has documented a progressively developing hypoglycemia associated with systemic hypotension, hepatosplanchnic pathology and death in endotoxin-shocked dogs. Recent data documented accelerated uptake of glucose in blood following endotoxin, with certain components of the buffy coat responsible for the increased uptake. The present study explored the use of the awake dog as an improved shock model and assayed a possible protective role of leukocytes against the lethal effects of ... |
|
| Glucose Metabolism and Role of the Blood in Endotoxin Shock. |
25 OCT 1976 |
|
| Authors:
L. B. Hinshaw; L. T. Archer; B. K. Beller; G. L. White; T. M. Schroeder; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| This in vitro study was conducted to explore influences modifying glucose uptake in canine blood administered an estimated LD sub 100 E. coli endotoxin. Particular emphasis was given to assay the role that leukocytes perform in glucose utilization. Results show significant increases in glucose uptake and lactic acid production 1-3 hours following endotoxin addition. Accelerated glucose uptake greatly exceeded basal values and was attributed to increased activity of the white ... |
|
| Abstract Reference List: Reviews of Pertinent Literature in Shock. |
18 OCT 1976 |
|
| Authors:
L. B. Hinshaw; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| This document summarizes 100 pertinent reports in the recent literature on shock. |
|
| Effects of Alcohol on Human Information Processing. |
OCT 1976 |
|
| Authors:
Harold L. Williams; Boyd K. Lester; O. H. Rundell; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| Although the three invesigations supported by this contract are independent studies, each examined the effects of alcohol on cognitive processes associated with information processing or memory. The principal aim of the first project was to analyze the effects of alcohol on organizational processes in human memory. The aim of the second project was to investigate the effects of alcohol on speed-accuracy tradeoff functions in auditory choice reaction time performance. The ... |
|
| Myocardial Substrate Utilization in Experimental Shock |
19 JUL 1976 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
J. J. Spitzer; L. B. Hinshaw; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The results obtained in several shock models are summarized in this presentation. The following interventions were utilized to produce shock-like conditions experimentally: (1) administration of an LD90 Escherichia coli endotoxin, (2) acute severe hemorrhage, (3) anaphylactic shock caused by horse serum administration, (4) severe hypotension caused by physostigmine infusion, (5) hyperlactacidemia caused by lactate infusion, and (6) prolonged hypoperfusion of the coronary arteries. |
|
| Experimental Septic Shock: Models and Mechanisms |
14 JUN 1976 |
|
| Authors:
L. B. Hinshaw; B. Benjamin; D. D. Holmes; B. Beller; L. T. Archer; J. J. Coalson; T. Whitsett; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The present study was designed to develop a nonhuman primate model more relevant to the clinical entity of septic shock. Experiments were conducted on young adult baboons, unrestrained, and maintained at a light plane of pentobarbital anesthesia. Responses of animals infused with E. coli endotoxin or live E. coli organisms were evaluated during a 24-hour period or until death. Results suggest significant differences between the two shock models: large dosages ... |
|
| The Effects of Coronary Vasodilatation on Cardiac Performance during Endotoxin Shock. |
29 MAR 1976 |
|
| Authors:
M. D. Peyton; L. B. Hinshaw; L. J. Greenfield; R. C. Elkins; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| Studies in these laboratories have suggested that endotoxin and lowered coronary arterial perfusion pressures are detrimental to cardiac performance and lead to failure. Prevention of cardiac failure in the isolated canine heart preparation confronted with endotoxin and decreased coronary perfusion pressure was possible by perfusing these hearts with sodium nitroprusside. Prevention of failure was manifested by a lowered LVEDP (Diastolic Pressure) and was associated with increaed coronary flow and decreased ... |
|
| Roles of Renal Gluconeogenesis and Increased Glucose Utilization in Hemorrhagic and Endotoxic Shock. |
19 DEC 1975 |
|
| Authors:
Linda T. Archer; Bruce Benjamin; Mary M. Lane; Lerner B. Hinshaw; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The roles of renal gluconeogenesis and glucose utilization in control, hemorrhaged, and endotoxin-injected animals, were investigated using anesthetized, eviscerated, nonnephrectomized and nephrectomized canine models. Results demonstrate an increased glucose utilization in both hemorrhagic and endotoxic shock which was marked after endotoxin. Since blood glucose values dropped more in nephrectomized, hemorrhaged animals, in contrast to the nonnephrectomized, hemorrhaged dogs, the kidneys were assumed to perform a significant gluconeogenic role. The kidneys ... |
|
| Pathophysiological Responses of the Rhesus Monkey to Live 'Escherichia coli'. |
18 DEC 1975 |
|
| Authors:
Lerner B. Hinshaw; Bruce Benjamin; Linda T. Archer; Beverly Beller; Jacqueline J. Coalson; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The present study was designed to develop an animal model applicable to the clinical patient in the investigation of the pathogenesis of septic shock. The currently described model is a lightly anesthetized, unrestrained monkey, carefully monitored during a twenty-four hour observation period. Varying doses of live E. coli organisms were intravenously infused during a thirty minute period, and a variety of hemodynamic, respiratory and metabolic parameters were monitored. Two controls, ... |
|
Reports by Corporate Author
