| DATA SMOOTHING AND TREND ESTIMATION |
AUG 1967 |
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| Authors:
Robert D. Turner; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING SUPPORT DIV
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 | Explicit formulas are presented for estimating position, velocity, and acceleration in low-order polynomial trends, based on least-squares smoothing of sampled data accompanied by statistically uncorrelated measurement errors. Formulas are also given for interpolation and prediction of position and velocity. Expressions for the variances and covariances of consistent position, velocity, and acceleration estimates are given, and the systematic errors accruing from use of a trend estimation basis which is one order ... |
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| A HEURISTIC COMPROMISE BETWEEN PROBABILITY OF SUCCESS AND LIMITED RESOURCES |
AUG 1967 |
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| Authors:
Murray Turoff; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING SUPPORT DIV
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| This paper proposes an analytical technique for modeling by the analyst of a particular decision situation. Evidence supporting the basic proposal, properties of the technique, discussions of its possible applications, and examples are also presented. The basic problem is a compromise between the probability of success in a single trial versus the total expected number of successes over many trials under the constraint of a limited and uncertain resource. The ... |
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| ACOUSTIC REVERBERATION AT THE SEA SURFACE: SURFACE AND SUBLAYER SPECTRA VIS-A-VIS SCATTERING AND REFLECTION |
DEC 1966 |
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| Authors:
John J. Martin; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING SUPPORT DIV
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| On the basis of theoretical estimates of acoustic scattering and reflection strengths of rough surfaces and turbulent volumes, acoustic and optical data are interpreted so as to develop, on the one hand, spectra of sea surface roughness and of the turbulent sea subsurface layer and, on the other, an acoustic reverberation strength correlation formula. The range of application of both of these is for wind speeds up to about 20 ... |
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| CONFLICTS OF CULTURE AND THE MILITARY ADVISOR |
NOV 1966 |
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| Authors:
George M. Guthrie; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING SUPPORT DIV
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| The person-to-person components of military assistance programs, the misunderstandings which can develop in the collaborative efforts of American advisors and foreign personnel, are among the more perplexing elements in our attempts to help friendly countries increase their ability to defend themselves. Developing nations need not only equipment but also training and improved organization. We have undertaken a program of supplying men to work with counterparts from the host country, sharing ... |
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| TELECONFERENCING. LITERATURE REVIEW, FIELD STUDIES, AND WORKING PAPERS. |
MAR 1966 |
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| Authors:
Gerald C. Bailey; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING SUPPORT DIV
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| Contents: Teleconferencing: Summary of a Preliminary Study; Teleconferencing: Feasibility of a Research and Development Program; Teleconferencing: Background Information; Teleconferencing: Guidelines for Research; Teleconferencing: Preliminary Experiments; Teleconferencing: Language and Cultural Factors; Teleconferencing: Capacity of Current Communication Facilities; Teleconferencing: Procedures; Teleconferencing: An Experimental Task; Teleconferencing: Literature Review, Field Studies, and Working Papers; Teleconferencing: Special Networks; A Look at the Criterion Problem; Further Definition of the NATO Crisis Situation; Review of Teleconferencing Applications ... |
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| TELECONFERENCING. LITERATURE REVIEW, FIELD STUDIES, AND WORKING PAPERS. |
MAR 1966 |
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| Authors:
Gerald C. Bailey; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING SUPPORT DIV
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| Contents: Teleconferencing: Summary of a Preliminary Study; Teleconferencing: Feasibility of a Research and Development Program; Teleconferencing: Background Information; Teleconferencing: Guidelines for Research; Teleconferencing: Preliminary Experiments; Teleconferencing: Language and Cultural Factors; Teleconferencing: Capacity of Current Communication Facilities; Teleconferencing: Procedures; Teleconferencing: An Experimental Task; Teleconferencing: Literature Review, Field Studies, and Working Papers; Teleconferencing: Special Networks; A Look at the Criterion Problem; Further Definition of the NATO Crisis Situation; Review of Teleconferencing Applications ... |
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| TIME AND FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ACOUSTIC SIGNAL REFLECTED FROM A ROUGH BOUNDARY |
FEB 1966 |
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| Authors:
John J. Martin; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING SUPPORT DIV
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| This paper contains an analysis for determining the time of arrival and doppler frequency characteristics of a pulse transmitted to a target by reflection from a not-too-rough surface such as the sea bottom, and gives numerical values for a typical sonar application. The analysis may be important in sonar signal processing associated with one-way or round-trip transmission and in the interpretation of data from marine geophysical surveys; it may in ... |
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| LEVELS OF NOCTURNAL ILLUMINATION |
JAN 1966 |
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| Authors:
Lucien M. Biberman; Lawrence Dunkelman; Marion L. Fickett; Reinald G. Finke; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING SUPPORT DIV
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| Summary tables show, for four lunar months (mid-summer, mid-fall, mid-winter, and mid-spring), the number of hours in which the illumination exceeds levels in 8 decades from 1.5 x 0.000001 lumens per square foot to 1.5 x 10(+1) lumens per square foot; the full tables list the hours, day by day, in which the illumination exceeds the same 8 levels. Note that the sum of the hours not exceeding and the ... |
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| THE CHOICE OF ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES IN COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS |
OCT 1965 |
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| Authors:
Alfred Blumstein; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING SUPPORT DIV
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| The model is shown to provide a means for determining the measure of effectiveness as a function of the controllable variables in terms of the relevant uncontrollable variables. The various classes of models are characterized as operational exercises, gaming, simulation and analytical, in increasing order of abstraction. These are applicable to different classes of problems: the exercise for last-stage testing of systems, gaming where human decision plays an important role, ... |
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| SOME PROBLEMS IN COST ANALYSIS |
JUN 1965 |
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| Authors:
J. G. Abert; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING SUPPORT DIV
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| THE PURPOSE OF COST-EFFECTIVENESS STUDIES IS TO MAKE COMPARISONS OF VARIOUS ALTERNATIVE FUTURE RESOURCE COMMITMENTS. The implementation of each system being considered would result in a future stream of effectiveness (however it is measured) and a future stream of costs. Often the stream of cost and the stream of effectiveness associated with one system have time-phased profiles different from those of another system. It is virtually impossible to make a ... |
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| Review of Medical and Biological Programs within the Department of Defense. Summary, Recommendations, Introduction.Parts 1-6 |
AUG 1962 |
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| Authors:
Herbert Pollack; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING SUPPORT DIV
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| Contents: Summary; Recommendations; Introduction; The Necessity for Biomedical Research in Military Laboratories; Relationship of Operations to Research and Development; Analysis of Technical Programs; Personnel for Military Biomedical Research; Organization and Administration of Biomedical Research and Development; and Administrative Recommendations. |
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