| Property & Peace: Insurgency, Strategy and the Statute of Frauds |
May-2009 |
386 pages |
| Authors:
Geoffrey Demarest; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
 | The success of a society depends on formal, liberal property regimes. The West's property regimes are successful because of the high quality of evidence of everyday rights, the capacity of citizenry and governments to implement the meaning of that evidence, and because the basic rules which determine what can be owned and who can be owners are liberal in measure appropriate to the common understanding of justice. Formalized property information ... |
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| The Bear Went Through the Mountain: Russia Appraises its Five-Day War in South Ossetia |
Jan-2009 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy L Thomas; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| The August 2008 Russian-Georgia conflict was the first Russian full-scale use of force against a former member of the Soviet Union. This paper looks at the August conflict solely from the vantage point of the Russian press, in particular the views of military officers or military journalists. The findings offer insights into the information war conducted in the Russian press, the continued suspicion of Russia about US actions in the ... |
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| Countering Internet Extremism |
Jan-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy L Thomas; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| Unless the United States crafts a strategy that stymies long-term ideological radicalization among large numbers of Muslim youth, America's long war against terrorism is likely to be just that. Extremists' use of the Internet has developed rapidly since the Chechen-Russian conflict. Now they are more creative, and more importantly, more persuasive in their methods to recruit members, gain financial support, and provide proof of success. The extremists' task has been ... |
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| Professors in the Trenches: Deployed Soldiers and Social Science Academics |
Jan-2009 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
Pauletta Otis; Jack D Kem; Rob W Kurz; Aaron G Kirby; Bartholomew Dean; Charles K Bartles; Timothy B Berger; Michael Coker; Felix Moos; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| This compilation of articles originally appeared as a five-part series by Small Wars Journal. Each article was co-authored by one Army soldier/civilian and one university professor/academic as part of a joint research project. This project and product responds to the Army's objectives regarding the integration of cultural social sciences into its training and operations. The overarching goal of a Military-Social Science Roundtable, coupled with a related Delphi research process, is ... |
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| China's Electronic Long-Range Reconnaissance |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy L Thomas; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| Since 2005, Chinese cyber attacks against U.S. systems have increased at an alarming rate. However, the term attack carries unwanted connotations; these unwarranted incursions are more likely reconnaissance missions to collect intelligence on U.S. military systems, to spot vulnerabilities or plant trap-doors or viruses in our systems, and to ensure that China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) has an immediate advantage in the event of war involving America and China. If ... |
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| Cyberskepticism: The Mind's Firewall |
Jan-2008 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy L Thomas; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| This article explains the context within which cyber deception has fermented. It then offers several examples of the forms that cyber deception has taken in recent years. Topics discussed include social engineering, the internet -- a fertile playing field, cyber deception from an unlikely and trusted source, cyber linking the virtual world with the real world (especially romance), cyber deceptive visitors, cyber deceptive RFID tags, cyber deception to breach firewalls, ... |
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| Chechen Suicide Bombers |
18 DEC 2007 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Robert W. Kurz; Charles K. Bartles; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| In early 2006, Taliban spokesman Mohammad Hanif claimed there were up to 250 fidayeen (dedicated soldiers) prepared to conduct suicide attacks, and that the number was increasing daily.1 Roughly two months later, Taliban commander Mullah Razayar Noorzai stated his organization had prepared 600 suicide bombers to fight against coalition forces in Afghanistan.2 By the end of 2006, suicide bombers had killed more than 200 people in Afghanistan, up from only ... |
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| A Deal with the Devil: Issues in Offering Joseph Kony Amnesty to Resolve the Conflict in Uganda |
MAR 2007 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Robert Feldman; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| Peace talks have commenced between the Ugandan Government and the Lord's Resistance Army "LRA", which has committed countless atrocities during the nearly 20 years it has tried to overthrow the government. The head of the LRA, Joseph Kony, has been offered amnesty by the government in the hope that peace will ensue. This raises the question of whether a government should forego the pursuit of justice in order to prevent ... |
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| Hezballah, Israel, and Cyber PSYOP |
2007 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy L. Thomas; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| Parties on both sides of the recent fighting in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Lebanon have used cyber technologies to their advantage. Of course, this is nothing new. Tanks, planes, and soldiers have been uploaded with a host of cyber/information technologies for the past two decades at least. These technologies have increased the precision and lethality of weaponry, the situational awareness of the soldier, and the overall efficiency of operations. However, an ... |
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| Suicide Bombers: Profiles, Methods and Techniques |
2007 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Merle Miyasato; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| From 1986 to 2003, 17 groups in 14 different countries used suicide bombing tactics. Less than 400 of these attacks resulted in the deaths of more than 5,000 people with injuries to more than 20,000, and economic damages in excess of $121 billion. Suicide bombing has become a popular terrorist "modus operandi" because it represents a low-cost, low-tech, and low-risk weapon that is readily available, requires little training, leaves little ... |
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| Cyber Mobilization: The Neglected Aspect of Information Operations and Counterinsurgency Doctrine |
2007 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy L. Thomas; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| For over two years, the U.S. armed forces have focused on seeking ways to counter insurgent use of improvised explosive devices (IEDs) in both Afghanistan and Iraq. Less attention has been paid to countering the mobilization process that produces the seemingly unending line of insurgents willing to (1) become suicide bomber (walking IEDs or WIEDs), (2) prepare the IEDs, and (3) fight street battles. The insurgents use the Internet's "cyber ... |
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| Preserving Shock Action: A New Approach to Armored Maneuver Warfare |
OCT 2006 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Lester W. Grau; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| In theory, mechanized infantry, self-propelled artillery, and armored forces are mutually supporting. Artillery rains destruction to the front and flanks as infantry personnel carriers and dismounted infantry protect tanks from enemy antitank systems and enemy infantry. Simultaneously, tanks protect the personnel carriers and dismounted infantry from enemy tanks and strong points. In practice, personnel carriers have problems keeping up with fast-moving tanks, their armor protection is too thin to survive ... |
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| The Human Terrain System: A CORDS for the 21st Century. |
OCT 2006 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Jacob Kipp; Lester Grau; Karl Prinslow; Don Smith; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| The U.S. military has not always made the necessary effort to understand the foreign cultures and societies in which it intended to conduct military operations. As a result, it has not always done a good job of dealing with the cultural environment within which it eventually found itself. Similarly, its units have not always done a good job in transmitting necessary local cultural information to follow-on forces attempting to conduct ... |
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| North Korea: A Government-Sponsored Drug Trafficking Network |
2006 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Cindy Hurst; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| On April 16 2003, after aerial surveillance was conducted on a suspicious Tuvaki registered, North Korean owned freighter, the Pong Su, close to the shore, Australian police followed two Chinese suspects on the shore as they left the beach and headed for a near-by hotel. The following morning the two suspects were apprehended at their hotel and 50 kilograms of pure heroin were seized. A little later Australian police made ... |
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| The High-Precision Tulip: Development and Combat Employment of the Soviet Laser-Guided Mortar Round |
2006 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Lester W. Grau; Viktor Litvenenko; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| Mortars of all sizes have always been part of Russian and Soviet artillery. In 1960, the Soviets mounted the M-240 mortar on a tracked, self-propelled chassis. A hydraulic system raised and lowered the tube from the carrying position to the firing position. As was customary, the self-propelled artillery system was christened with an alpha-numeric designator (the 2S4) and the name of a flower (the tulip). The tulip has a variety ... |
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| Cyber Mobilization: A Growing Counterinsurgency Campaign |
2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy L. Thomas; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| According to US Army publications, two types of offensive actions are key components of insurgency doctrine: armed conflict and mass mobilization. It is clear after more than three years of fighting in Afghanistan and Iraq that the insurgents use improvised explosive devices (IEDs) as their main instrument to conduct armed conflict, and that they have learned to mobilize and conduct conflict-related cognitive activities using cyber means. For example, they capitalize ... |
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| Perceptions and Courses of Actions toward Iran |
OCT 2005 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Jo-Anne Hart; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| In which Islamic theocracy were there immediate and repeated public outpourings of sympathy for Americans following the 9/11 attacks in 2001? Few Americans know that hundreds of Iranians gathered publicly to pay their respects and to show their solidarity with the American people, first on 13 September, then in two other candlelight vigils. The crowds chanted "Death to terrorism!" "Death to Bin Laden!" and, "America: condolences, condolences!" Three days after ... |
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| The New Great Game: Chinese Views on Central Asia. Proceedings of the Central Asia Symposium held in Monterey, CA on August 7-11, 2005 |
AUG 2005 |
192 pages |
| Authors:
FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| The importance of Central Asia to three major powers the United States, China, and Russia is well understood but not widely recognized or discussed. Involvement in the region by the United States has been spotty and uneven over many years, but since 9.11 has taken on renewed importance in the War Against Terrorists. Russia views the region as its traditional sphere of influence, and the many strong ties between Russia ... |
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| Urban Population Control in a Counterinsurgency |
2005 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
Mounir Elkhamri; Lester W. Grau; Laurie King-Irani; Amanda S. Mitchell; Lenny Tasa Bennett; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| Historically, guerrilla movements have had more success in the rural countryside than in the city. From the urban uprising of the Paris commune to the urban revolts in Shanghai, most urban insurrections have ended up smashed and leaderless. Usually, it is a mistake for the guerrilla to move into the city. In the city, the guerrilla is surrounded by a thousand eyes and a thousand jealousies. The government can mass ... |
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| Russian and Chinese Information Warfare: Theory and Practice |
JUN 2004 |
55 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy L. Thomas; Cathy Elliot; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| Russian and China have developed concepts of information operations (IO) and information superiority (IS) that differ from US concepts. Russia divides IO theory into information-technical and information-psychological aspects. According to Rastorguyev, "an information weapon can be any technical, biological, or social means or system that is used for the purposeful production, processing, transmitting, presenting or blocking of data and or processes that work with the data." Effectiveness of disorganizing an ... |
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| Al Qaeda and the Internet: The Danger of 'Cyberplanning' |
01-Jan-2003 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy L Thomas; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| One can say with some certainty, al Qaeda loves the Internet. When the latter first appeared, it was hailed as an integrator of cultures and a medium for businesses, consumers, and governments to communicate with one another. It appeared to offer unparalleled opportunities for the creation of a "global village." Today the Internet still offers that promise, but it also has proven in some respects to be a digital menace. ... |
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| Feasibility of Creating a Comprehensive Real Property Database for Colombia |
AUG 2002 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Geoffrey B. Demarest; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| The Defense Intelligence Agency asked the Foreign Military Studies Office (FMSO) to determine the feasibility of producing a digital database of Colombian real property, and to express the usefulness of such a database. The resulting study determined that it is feasible and highly recommended that such a database be constructed. United States government foreign policy decisions pertaining to Colombia are inadequately informed if made in the absence of intelligence regarding ... |
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| Dialectical Versus Empirical Thinking: Ten Key Elements of the Russian Understanding of Information Operations |
SEP 1998 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy L. Thomas; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| Finding similarities in the Russian and U.S. approaches to information operations (IO) is not a difficult task. Both countries specialists closely study electronic warfare and command and control systems of other countries, and both stress the importance of the use of computers and information management in the preparation and conduct of modern combat operations. This includes the use of information to conduct psychological operations (PSYOP). Upon closer examination, however, the ... |
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| Fall 1997 Russian Military Draft |
SEP 1998 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Raymond C. Finch III; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| This paper will examine the Fall 1997 conscription effort by the Russian military and use it as a prism to highlight some of the current problems within the Russian armed forces. The Russian government continues to rely upon conscription to staff its military and has just completed the autumn 1997 effort to replenish the ranks. According to the 1993 version of the Russian constitution, all Russian males between the ages ... |
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| Viral Hepatitis and the Russian War in Chechnya |
SEP 1998 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Lester W. Grau; William A. Jorgensen; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| The ill-equipped and ill-prepared Russian Army that staggered into and out of the war in Chechnya experienced several critical health problems. The all-too-familiar Russian problem of lack of field sanitation was again apparent as 95% of the infectious disease among the Russian combatants was passed through fecal-oral transmission. A modest 3.7% of infectious disease was passed through airborne transmission and the other 1.3% were other modes of infection. Over half ... |
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| Why the Russian Military Failed in Chechnya |
AUG 1998 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Raymond C. Finch III; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| Nations usually resort to using military force when lesser means of persuasion have proven inadequate. Conflict results when one country or people has been unsuccessful in forcing another country or people to submit to its will. As Clauswitz remarked, "War is merely an extension of politics by other means." In the modern understanding, the decision to employ force often rests upon the assumption that lesser means of persuasion have failed. ... |
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| The Other Side of the Mountain: Mujahideen Tactics in the Soviet-Afghan War |
JUN 1995 |
431 pages |
| Authors:
Ali A. Jalali; Lester W. Grau; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| This is a book for the combat-arms company and field grade officer and NCO. It provides an understanding of guerrilla field craft, tactics, techniques and procedures. It has application in Basic and Advanced Officer and NCO courses as well as special warfare courses. Senior leaders will also find valuable insights for training and supporting guerrilla forces as well as defending against guerrilla forces. This book ... |
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| Soviet Military - Theoretician A. A. Kokoshin |
MAR 1992 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy L. Thomas; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| Before the coup attempt of August 1991, it would have been difficult to foresee a civilian Minister of Defense in the USSR. Now, such a possibility is not only plausible, but also being advocated by the military itself. Andrei Kokoshin should be among the top future contenders for the post. He possesses a solid academic background in military thinking that encompasses both theoretical and practical work; is well-connected with the ... |
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