| Aluminum Sulfate Application to Improve Under-Water Light Condition for Native Submersed Macrophyte Restoration: Alum to Phosphorus Binding Ratio Considerations |
Oct 2010 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
William F James; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
 | Native submersed macrophyte growth is often limited by underwater light availability in eutrophic aquatic systems. Control of canopy-forming exotic species does not necessarily lead to greater light penetration because eutrophic systems usually sustain high algal biomass in the form of cyanobacterial blooms that can rapidly attenuate light near the lake surface. High phosphorus (P) loading from bottom sediments often represents an important source for algal uptake that needs to be ... |
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| The Relationship Between Acoustic Target Strength and Body Length for Atlantic Sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus) |
Oct 2010 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin Reine; Douglas Clarke; Charles Dickerson; Christopher Hager; Matthew Balazik; Gregory Garmin; Albert Spell; Charles Frederickson; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Results of the present study emphasize the necessity of determining species specific acoustic target strength (TS)-length relationships for sturgeon before fisheries hydroacoustics studies of sturgeon (or many other species) can be pursued. Using conventional log (base 10) equation structure, TS-TL equations were derived with acceptable goodness of fit for data describing Atlantic sturgeon in two distinct size categories. However, when the data for all tested sturgeon were combined to produce ... |
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| Exchangeable Phosphorus Pools and Equilibrium Characteristics for River Sediment as a Function of Particle Size |
Oct 2010 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
William F James; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| The System-Wide Water Resources Program-Nutrient Sub-Model (SWWRP-NSM) represents a library of algorithms for simulating nutrient cycling, transformation, and flux in terrestrial and aquatic systems. One feature of SWWRP-NSM is the capability of simulating phosphorus (P) equilibrium fluxes between exchangeable particulate and soluble P pools in the aquatic water column as a function of particle size class. The objectives of this research were to quantify exchangeable particulate phosphorus (P) pools and ... |
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| Geophysics for Military Construction Projects |
Sep 2010 |
78 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin L Bjella; Beth N Astley; Ryan E North; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Buried infrastructure at Military Construction (MILCON) project sites can cause large project cost overruns if not located and removed prior to the start of the project. This project demonstrated how geophysical survey tools can be utilized to locate buried materials. Utility piping and 55-gallon drums were buried in three soil types at various depths and standard off-the-shelf geophysical equipment was used to image the materials and quantify the benefits and ... |
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| Initial Application of a Landscape Evolution Model to a Louisiana Wetland |
Aug 2010 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Carl F Cerco; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Corps planning projects encompass a wide variety of restoration goals. These include wetland restoration, island restoration, stream restoration, dam removal, and other projects which result in alteration of the landscape. Planners require tools to help predict potential outcomes of restoration efforts over periods spanning decades. This work unit in Landscape Evolution Modeling is intended to acquire, employ, and develop, as necessary, Landscape Evolution Model (LEM) tools that can be used ... |
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| Predicting Deterioration of Navigation Steel Hydraulic Structures with Markov Chain and Latin Hypercube Simulation |
Aug 2010 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Guilliermo A Riveros; Elias Arredondo; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| PURPOSE: The deterioration of elements of steel hydraulic structures (SHS) on our nations lock system is caused by combined effects of several complex phenomena: corrosion, cracking and fatigue, impact, and overloads. This Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering Technical Note presents examples of deterioration and a method for predicting future deterioration based on current conditions. In a companion Technical Note (Riveros and Arredondo 2010), the procedure for generating the deterioration rate curves ... |
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| Effects of Nutrients, Salinity, and pH on Salvinia molesta (Mitchell) Growth |
Jul 2010 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Chette S Owens; R M Smart; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| This study documents effects of macronutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) concentrations, pH, and salinity on giant salvinia growth. |
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| Sustainable Confined Disposal Facilities for Long-term Management of Dredged Material |
Jul 2010 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
by Susan E Myers; Trudy J Bailey; Paul R Estes; Tommy Schroeder; Julie D Rosati; Timothy L Welp; Landris T Lee; W V Gwin; Daniel E Averett; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Dredged material confined disposal facilities (CDFs) represent a major capital and operating investment for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). As such, they need to be managed in a manner that maximizes the useful life of the facilities, as well as economic, material, and manpower resources. In some areas of the United States, confined disposal capacity for dredged material is finite and dwindling. Limited CDF storage capacity is expected ... |
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| Improving Conceptual Model Development: Avoiding Underperformance Due to Project Uncertainties |
Jul 2010 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew F Casper; Rebecca A Efroymson; Steven M Davis; Greg Steyer; Brian Zettle; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Uncertainty in a project's outcome can result from gaps in data, insufficient knowledge about an ecosystem, or simple natural variability. Characterizing the effects of these uncertainties is a necessary step in effective conceptual model development. A clear procedure for integrating and visualizing this information can allow the Project Development Team (PDT) to efficiently compare and prioritize alternative formulations, thus improving probability of project success. |
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| Operational Draft Regional Guidebook for the Functional Assessment of High-gradient Ephemeral and Intermittent Headwater Streams in Western West Virginia and Eastern Kentucky |
Jul 2010 |
115 pages |
| Authors:
ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| The Hydrogeomorphic (HGM) Approach is a method for developing functional indices and the protocols used to apply these indices to the assessment of ecosystem functions at a site-specific scale. The HGM Approach was initially designed to be used in the context of the Clean Water Act Section 404 Regulatory Program permit review to analyze project alternatives, minimize impacts, assess unavoidable impacts, determine mitigation requirements, and monitor the success of compensatory ... |
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| Release of the Biological Control Agent Puccinia jaceae var. solstitialis for Management of Yellow Starthistle at Fort Hunter Liggett, CA |
Jul 2010 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Judy F Shearer; Andrew H Hamblin; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Fort Hunter Liggett is a United States Army fort in southern Monterey County, California, about 250 miles (402 km) north of Los Angeles and 150 miles (241 km) south of San Francisco. The fort is primarily used as a training facility, where activities such as field maneuvers and live fire exercises are performed. The fort is bordered on the north by Salinas Valley, on the east by the Santa Lucia ... |
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| Hatteras Breach, North Carolina |
Jul 2010 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Ty V Wamsley; Kent K Hathaway; Michael Wutkowski; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| This Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering Technical Note (CHETN) is intended to document the rapid response of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to engineer and construct a breach closure and the lessons learned. The note also documents the short-term morphologic evolution and hydrodynamic characteristics of the breach based on an analysis of collected data. Researchers are utilizing this important data set in the development of numerical models of coastal breaching ... |
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| Effects of Aging and Environmental Conditions on Ammunition/Explosives Storage Magazines - Paper 2 |
Jul 2010 |
63 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher M Moore; Lisa Holliday; Kyran D Mish; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| The Defense Ammunition Center (DAC)/U.S. Army Technical Center for Explosives Safety (USATCES) recognized the need to establish the structural health' status of aging ammunition/explosives storage magazines. A recent accidental explosive event in an earth covered magazine demonstrated that legacy assumptions for structural failure may be unknown and potentially adversely affect safety. Aging and the effects of environmental factors may have an effect in the structural performance of the storage magazines ... |
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| Shark River Inlet, New Jersey, Entrance Shoaling: Report 2, Analysis With Coastal Modeling System |
Jul 2010 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Tanya M Beck; Nicholas C Kraus; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| This report, the second in a series, documents a numerical modeling study performed with the Coastal Modeling System (CMS), supported by field data collection, to quantify alternative plans to reduce navigation channel maintenance cost, at Shark River Inlet, NJ. Since about year 2000, channel maintenance dredging requirements at the inlet have increased. Although Shark River Inlet possesses a small back bay, the current through the inlet is strong because of ... |
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| Evaluation of a Method for Measuring Lateral Obscuration of Coastal Marsh Vegetation in Louisiana |
May 2010 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Jeff P Lin; Scott Boume; Brady Couvillon; Jane M Smith; Gregg Snedden; Gregory D Steyer; Sally L Yost; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| This technical note presents the results of a pilot study evaluating the efficacy of using an image-derived, vegetative lateral obscuration ratio as an indicator of wave and flow hindrance in coastal Louisiana. The note discusses: (1) field methodology and equipment used to take the lateral photo, (2) comparisons between two different image analysis methods used to calculate the obscuration ratio, and (3) correlations among the obscuration ratios with vertical biomass ... |
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| Polarized Illuminator for Very-Near Infrared Imaging |
May 2010 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
John Furey; Cliff Morgan; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| This note describes the development of a polarized illuminator system for providing continuous broad beam of very-near infrared (VNIR) radiation to be used in imaging polarimetry applications. This system was developed for field characterization of geo-environmental surfaces (e.g., soil and vegetation), and discrimination of these surfaces from objects of military interest (e.g., unexploded ordnance and mines). |
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| Predicting the Potential for Invasive Species Establishment by Using Environmental Tolerance Data |
May 2010 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Judy F Shearer; Michael J Grodowitz; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| This study summarizes how a relatively simple model can be used to predict invasion potential by an aquatic nuisance species. The spread and subsequent unlikely eradication of alien species from recently invaded ecosystems reinforces the need for predictive tools to help management personnel evaluate associated detrimental impacts. It is estimated that in most countries 102-104 nonindigenous species have been documented, and numbers should increase with expanding global trade and travel ... |
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| Management of Half Moon Lake, Wisconsin, for Improved Native Submersed Macrophyte Growth |
May 2010 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
William F James; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Direct biomass control programs (i.e., herbicide, biocontrol, mechanical) that target non-native macrophyte species may not always produce the desired goal of restoring native macrophyte community dominance in shallow aquatic systems. Native reestablishment is often complicated by eutrophic conditions, enhanced nutrient recycling, and frequent nuisance algal blooms that result in poor light penetration and limited colonizable macrophyte habitat. Half Moon Lake is a eutrophic, urban oxbow lake exhibiting high densities of ... |
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| Integration of an Individual-Based Fish Bioenergetics Model into a Spatially Explicit Water Quality Model (CE-QUAL-ICM) |
Apr 2010 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
P S Dalyander; Carl F Cerco; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| This technical note presents the results of incorporating a fish bioenergetics module into CE-QUAL-ICM, a spatially explicit eutrophication model. In addition to fish consumption of algae, zooplankton, and detritus, fish biomass accumulation and recycling to the water column are explicitly accounted for. Schools of fish are tracked individually, allowing for spatial resolution of their effects on phytoplankton and nutrient loading. These developments allow for investigations of the impact of planktivorous ... |
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| Demonstration of a Coupled Watershed-Nearshore Model |
Apr 2010 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Hwai-Ping Cheng; Jing-Ru C Cheng; Robert M Hunter; Hsin-Chi Lin; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| This technical note documents a research demonstration of a newly-developed watershed-nearshore computational model, which couples the parallel WAterSHed systems of one-dimensional (1-D) stream-river networks, two-dimensional (2-D) overland regimes, and three-dimensional (3-D) subsurface media (pWASH123D) model with the 2-D ADvanced CIRCulation model for oceanic, coastal, and estuarine waters (ADCIRC). This task was sponsored by the System-Wide Water Resources Program (SWWRP). It was conducted through the simulation of water flow in a ... |
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| Combinations of Endothall With 2,4-D and Triclopyr for Eurasian Watermilfoil Control |
Apr 2010 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
J D Madsen; R M Wersal; K D Getsinger; J G Skogerboe; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| This study evaluates combinations of a contact herbicide (endothall) and two systemic auxin-type herbicides (2,4-D and triclopyr) to exploit the strengths of each herbicide class, with an objective of providing both rapid and complete control of the invasive, submersed plant, Eurasian watermilfoil. Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) is a widespread submersed aquatic plant that causes nuisance problems across the continental United States. Eurasian watermilfoil is an herbaceous perennial submersed aquatic ... |
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| Toxicity of Trinitrotoluene to Sheepshead Minnows in Water Exposures |
06 Feb 2010 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Guilherme R Lotufo; William M Blackburn; Alfreda B Gibson; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Lethal effects of trinitrotoluene (TNT) to juvenile sheepshead minnows (JSHM) (Cyprinodon variegatus) were assessed in ten-day water exposures. Ten-day median lethal concentrations (LC50s) were 2.3 and 2.5 mg/L, the 10-d median lethal residue value (LR50) was 26.1 micromol/kg wet weight (ww), and bioconcentration factors (BCFs) ranged from 0.7 to 2.4 L/kg. The lethal effects of TNT and its transformation products 2-aminodinitrotoluene (2-ADNT), 2,4-diaminonitrotoluene (2,4-DANT) and trinitrobenzene (TNB) to JSHM were ... |
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| Suitability of Using Introduced Hydrellia spp. for Management of Monoecious Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle |
Feb 2010 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Grodowitz; Julie Nachtrieb; Nathan Harms; Jan Freedman; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| The main objective of this study was to determine the suitability of using introduced hydrilla leaf-mining flies (Hydrellia pakistanae Deonier and H. balciunasi Bock) for the management of monoecious hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle). This was accomplished using a variety of procedures and experimental designs, including small container bioassays, development of a greenhouse-based fly colony reared exclusively on monoecious hydrilla, a larger tank study designed to evaluate short-term impact on ... |
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| Boundary Connection Behavior and Connection Design for Retrofitted Unreinforced Masonry Walls Subjected to Blast Loads (Preprint) |
Feb 2010 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
John Hoemann; James Davidson; Robert Dinan; Bryan Bewick; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Over the past decade, extensive experimental and analytical research has been conducted on the behavior and resistance of unreinforced masonry (URM) walls retrofitted with methods for increasing ductility. This includes numerous experiments conducted by the Airbase Technologies Division of the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL). These retrofit materials varied from soft elastomeric coatings to very stiff composites and metal sheets. Some retrofit materials were strongly bonded to the masonry wall, ... |
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| Using Natural Cementation Systems to Control Corrosion Dust on Un-surfaced Roads |
Feb 2010 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Paul G Allison; David M Bailey; Melvin C Sykes; Weiss; Charles A Jr; Philip G Malone; Sean W Morefield; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
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| Supercomputer Assembly and Annotation of Transcriptomes for Assessing Impacts of Army Stressors on Ecological Receptors |
Jan 2010 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
X Chen; K A Gust; M S Wilbanks; E J Perkins; N D Barker; D Pham; L Scanlan; C Vulpe; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| High-throughput DNA sequencing technology was utilized to describe the protein coding regions of genomic DNA (the transcriptome) for both Western Fence Lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis, WFL) and Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix, JQ). 928,759 and 559,819 total transcriptomic sequences for WFL and JQ respectively, were clustered and assembled. Assembled unigenes with lengths equal 200 base pairs were annotated using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) against 5 publicly available protein sequence databases ... |
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| Establishment of the TREECS Platform: A Survey of Existing Tools, Portals, and Frameworks |
Dec 2009 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey A Gerald; Mark S Dortch; Billy E Johnson; Michael R Fontan; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| The Training Range Environmental Evaluation and Characterization System (TREECS) is being developed by the Environmental Laboratory of the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) to provide a tool with varying levels of capability to forecast the fate of munitions constituents (MC) within and transported from ranges and provide the range manager with strategies to meet environmental compliance goals for human and ecological health. TREECS will be developed mainly ... |
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| Phytoremediation of Composition-B Derived TNT and RDX in Herbaceous Plant-vegetated and Bare Lysimeters |
Dec 2009 |
101 pages |
| Authors:
Elly P Best; Jared C Smith; David B Ringelberg; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| This report describes a study in which phytoremediation of composition-B (comp-B) derived TNT and RDX was quantified in 0.5-m S. nutans (Indian grass)-vegetated organic matter and nutrient-poor soil over a 92-day period. The vegetation was allowed to establish in 0.5-m-high soil cores prior to amendment with ground comp-B mixed with the same soil, and effects and fate of comp-B derived TNT and RDX were followed in plants, soil, and leachate ... |
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| Effect of Submersed Applications of Bispyribac-sodium on Non-target Emergent Vegetation |
Sep-2009 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
LeeAnn M Glomski; Linda S Nelson; Christopher R Mudge; Al Cofrancesco; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| During the registration process for evaluating aquatic herbicides, it is important to determine both the efficacy on target vegetation as well as the potential impacts on non-target vegetation. Herbicide applications for submersed weeds can negatively impact some non-target emergent species. Factors such as the plant species and growth stage, and the herbicide treatment rates and exposure time can often dictate the selective potential of an aquatic herbicide. There are currently ... |
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| Production and Field Planting of Vegetative Propagules for Restoration of Redhead Grass and Sago Pondweed in Chesapeake Bay |
Aug-2009 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Laura Murray; W M Kemp; Deborah Hindle; Deborah Shafer; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| During the last several decades, seagrasses and related submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) have been lost from shallow waters of Chesapeake Bay (Orth and Moore 1983) and other coastal ecosystems worldwide (Short and Wyllie-Echeverria 1996). Losses of SAV beds are of particular concern because these plants tend to create rich habitat and food for animals, supporting growth of diverse fish, invertebrate and waterfowl populations (e.g., Kemp et al. 1984; Orth and ... |
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| Corrosion Prevention of Rebar in Concrete in Critical Facilities Located in Coastal Environments at Okinawa |
Aug 2009 |
239 pages |
| Authors:
L D Stephenson; Ashok Kumar; Robert Walde; Max Merzlikin; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| The corrosion of steel rebar in reinforced concrete structures is a pervasive and expensive problem for the Department of Defense. The maintenance and repair costs for affected structures and equipment amounts to hundreds of millions of dollars each year, and the degradation negatively impacts military readiness and infrastructure safety. This report documents a demonstration of a concrete re-bar corrosion inhibitor system and a liquid galvanic coating that provides cathodic protection ... |
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| Development of a Multi-Attribute Utility Analysis Model for Selecting Aquatic Plant Restoration Sites in Reservoirs |
Jul-2009 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
M J Grodowitz; M Smart; G O Dick; J A Stokes; J Snow; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| This technical note describes development of a decision support tool that uses multiattribute utility analysis to aid resource managers in selection of suitable sites for establishing native aquatic vegetation in large, multi-purpose reservoirs. |
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| The Corps of Engineers and Prairie Restoration: Synopsis of the First Corps Prairie Workshop, Follow-up Actions, and Thoughts on the Future of Prairie Restoration and Management on Operational Projects |
Jun-2009 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Pamela Bailey; Chester O Martin; E P Peloquin; Michael A Watkins; Mandy E Like; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| The restoration of native prairie ecosystems has emerged as an important natural resources land management issue on many Corps of Engineers operational projects. A Corps-wide data call in 2004-2005 re- vealed that at least 21 Districts and 172 projects were involved to some extent in prairie/grassland restoration and management efforts. A need was recognized for greater attention to managing grassland ecosystems on Corp projects, and the first Corps of Engineers ... |
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| Application of Habitat Equivalency Analysis to USACE Projects |
Apr 2009 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Gary L Ray; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Habitat Equivalency Analysis (HEA) is a procedure developed to scale compensation for habitat damage (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) 1997) with potential application to environmental benefits analysis. In a previous technical note the basic concepts underlying HEA, its strengths and weaknesses, and example calculations were described (Ray 2008). This technical note presents details of how HEA has been applied to a variety of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) ... |
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| Mycoleptodiscus terrestris: An Endophyte Turned Latent Pathogen of Eurasian Watermilfoil |
Mar-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Judy F Shearer; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Plants that are stressed or weakened are more susceptible to disease than healthy plants. An endophytic fungus that has the capability of becoming a latent pathogen may trigger a host-fungus interaction resulting in disease development in Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) (EWM) plants when they are subjected to stress. The purpose of the present study was to determine if endophyte infected (E+) plants that are weakened by nutrient stress decline ... |
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| Preliminary Testing of Mycoleptodiscus terrestris Formulations |
Mar-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Judy F Shearer; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| This technical note reports preliminary results of bioassays of dried formulations of Mycoleptodiscus terrestris (Gerd.) Ostazeski (Mt) for management of the submersed macrophyte, Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle (hydrilla). |
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| Prairies Water Management on Corps Lands |
Feb-2009 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Pamela Bailey; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| The purpose of this technical note is to identify and describe how prairie lands affect water quality, quantity, and yield into the receiving bodies of streams, rivers, and lakes. The physical and biological processes are described in the context of the functions prairies provide in maintaining water quality and quantity: 1) filtration, 2) soil formation, 3) nutrient cycling, and 4) controlling water runoff. This note also recommends best management practices ... |
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| The Impact of Harmful Algal Blooms on USACE Operations |
Jan-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
I Linkov; F K Satterstrom; D Loney; J A Steevens; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Algal blooms have recently attracted significant attention due to their human and ecological effects. The aim of this technical note is to assess the importance of freshwater harmful algal blooms (HABs) to U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) operations through a literature review and surveys from regional Corps personnel who manage algal blooms and related issues. This note discusses algal bloom formation factors, occurrence, impact, and management for both the ... |
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| Applying an Avian Index of Biological Integrity to Assess and Monitor Arid and Semi-arid Riparian Ecosystems |
Jan-2009 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Michael P Guilfoyle; James S Wakeley; Richard A Fischer; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Effective tools to monitor and evaluate ecosystem change are needed to measure the impacts of human activity and determine whether ecosystem protection or restoration are needed or are even reasonable options to minimize continued degradation and loss of natural resources (Karr 1991, 2005; Karr and Chu 1999). The problem is how to accurately measure and monitor human induced impacts in highly complex and continually changing environments. The Index of Biological ... |
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| Influences of Channel Dredging on Flow and Sedimentation Patterns at Microtidal Inlets, West-Central Florida, USA |
Jan-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Tanya M Beck; Ping Wang; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Four inlets (Johns Pass and Blind Pass; and New Pass and Big Sarasota Pass) in two multi-inlet systems along the West-central Florida coast were studied. Johns Pass, New Pass, and Blind Pass are dredged every 4-9 years, whereas Big Sarasota Pass has never been dredged. The goal of this study was to investigate the morphodynamics of the four inlets and the influences of channel dredging on the flow patterns over ... |
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| Laboratory and Numerical Studies of Hydrodynamics Near Jetties |
Jan-2009 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Zeki Demirbilek; Lihwa Lin; William C Seabergh; Hajime Mase; Jinhai Zheng; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Numerical and physical modeling studies were performed by the Coastal Inlets Research Program (CIRP) of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to investigate the spatial and temporal behavior of waves and wave-induced currents near jetties of an idealized coastal inlet. Hydrodynamics were examined in the vicinity of two extreme types of jetty structure: a highly absorbing jetty (resembling fairly porous rock rubble structure) and a fully reflective jetty (resembling a ... |
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| An Interactive, Physics-Based Unmanned Ground Vehicle Simulator Leveraging Open Source Gaming Technology: Progress in the Development and Application of the Virtual Autonomous Navigation Environment (VANE) Desktop |
2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Mitchell M. Rohde; Justin Crawford; Matthew Toschlog; Karl D. Iagnemma; Gaurav Kewlani; Christopher L. ummins; Randolph A. Jones; David A. Horner; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| It is widely recognized that simulation is pivotal to vehicle development, whether manned or unmanned. There are few dedicated choices, however, for those wishing to perform realistic, end-to-end simulations of unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs). The Virtual Autonomous Navigation Environment (VANE), under development by US Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), provides such capabilities but utilizes a High Performance Computing (HPC) Computational Testbed (CTB) and is not intended for on-line, ... |
|
| Environmental Factors Affecting Aquatic Plant Growth Potential in Marinuka Lake, Wisconsin |
Dec-2008 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
William F James; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Submersed aquatic macrophytes play an important role in stabilizing sediment from resuspension, sequestering nutrients, and reducing algal growth in shallow lakes. Loss of vegetation is usually accompanied by changes in stable state to one characterized by higher turbidity, low light penetration, and frequent noxious algal blooms. Aquatic vegetation once played an important role in stabilizing the sediment and providing important fish and water fowl habitat in Marinuka Lake, Wisconsin. However, ... |
|
| Simulations of Simple Nanomachines in Carbon Nanotude Bundles Based on Chirality |
Dec-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
D L Majure; R W Haskins; N J Lee; C R Welch; C F Cornwell; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been studied extensively since their discovery and identification by Iijima in 1993. Their impressive mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties have created new fields of study, and the benefits of this research are just beginning to be realized. One potential use of CNTs is as a foundation for nanomachines. Another possible use, one that takes advantage of their mechanical properties, is the synthesis of high-strength, low-weight ... |
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| Common Trends in the Relationships Between Chemical and Physical Properties and Molecular Structure of Nitramine, Cage Nitramine, and Nitroaromatic Energetics |
Dec-2008 |
|
| Authors:
Mohammad Qasim; Jerzy Leszczynski; Leonid Gorb; Minori Uchimiya; Brett Moore; Lyssa Taylor; Matthew Middleton; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
 | Chemical and physical properties of nitroaromatic and nitramine explosives were related to their molecular structure with the objective of predicting types, sites and rates of reactivity as well as prediction of transformation intermediate and final products, stability, and toxicity potential. Understanding these relationships is intrinsic to the development of computational chemistry (CC) protocols for basic research into new compounds as well as for specific applications to military sites. Our comparisons ... |
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| Development of a Novel, Lightweight, Protective Structure to Resist Impulsive, Dynamic Loads |
Dec 2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Donald H Nelson; William F Heard; Michael J Roth; Thomas R Slawson; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
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| This paper discusses the development of a novel, lightweight protective structure and presents results of an analytical and experimental study of its response to explosive loading at a standoff. The paper provides background on the need for lightweight physical protective structures based on the current U.S. military operational paradigm, and briefly discusses the global system objectives and how they were incorporated into Spiral 1.0 of the system (fielded in FY ... |
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| The Fate of Nitroaromatic (TNT) and Nitramine (RDX and HMX) Explosives in Fractured and Weathered Soils |
Dec 2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
T A Douglas; M E Walsh; C J McGrath; Weiss; C A Jr; A M Jones; T P Trainor; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
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| We investigated the fate of explosives compounds in slurries containing fractured and weathered soil particles. Three soils were crushed with a piston to emulate detonation-induced fracturing. We used X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and gas adsorption surface area measurements to quantify the mineralogies and surfaces of the weathered and fractured soil particles. Soil batch slurries were prepared by spiking the soils with waters containing TNT, 2,4-DNT, HMX and RDX. Batch ... |
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| Utilizing Seismic/Acoustic Sensors to Protect Secure Facilities from Underground Intrusion |
Dec 2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Jason R McKenna; Julie R Kelley; Thomas E Berry; James R Rowan; Lillian D Wakeley; Robert E Tucker; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
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| A seismic/acoustic array was developed to detect activity in clandestine tunnels. The geologic setting of the area that encloses clandestine tunneling activity can preclude use of traditional tunnel-detection technologies such as ground-penetrating radar (GPR). Properties of the sediments at the study site are attributable to original environment of deposition and subsequent natural and human-caused modifications. The resulting lateral and vertical variability in critical soil properties confounded GPR and electromagnetic techniques, ... |
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| Invasive Species Biology, Control, and Research. Part 2. Multiflora Rose (Rosa multiflora) |
Nov-2008 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Linda Nelson; Patrick J Guertin; Michael L Denight; Dick L Gebhart; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
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| A 2007 Report to Congress documented a crucial factor in the loss of Army training land: uncontrolled vegetation growth. Of the 53 installations surveyed for the report, 30 reported that approximately 12 percent of their training lands were unusable for certain types of training. Uncontrolled vegetation was a source of such problems as an inability to conduct mounted and dismounted maneuver training, interference with equipment used in line-of-sight training, safety ... |
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| Point Intercept and Surface Observation GPS (SOG): A Comparison of Survey Methods - Lake Gaston, NC/VA |
Nov 2008 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Lynde Dodd-Williams; Gary O Dick; R M Smart; Chetta S Owens; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
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| Plant biomass data are critical to many aquatic plant assessment efforts, particularly those involving adaptive management of aquatic plant problems, integrated plant management approaches, or ecosystem restoration. Unfortunately, current methods for aquatic plant biomass sampling have depended upon expensive, labor-intensive SCUBA techniques or utilization of large, heavy dredging equipment. While these methods are accepted by the scientific community and resource managers, their high costs preclude their use on many projects. ... |
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