| A Novel Anti-Beta2-Microglobulin Antibody Inhibition of Androgen Receptor Expression, Survival, and Progression in Prostate Cancer Cells |
31-May-2009 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Wen-Chin Huang; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
 | Beta2-microglobulin (beta2M) is a signaling and growth-promoting factor stimulating prostate cancer cell proliferation and progression. Blockade of the beta2M signaling axis resulted in the inhibition of androgen receptor (AR) and its target gene, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and the induction of programmed death of prostate cancer cells through activation of a caspase-dependent pathway in vitro and in vivo. In this annual summary report, we identified a cis-acting element, sterol regulatory element-binding ... |
|
| Crosstalk Between Leptin Receptor and IGF-IR in Breast Cancer: A Potential Mediator of Chemoresistance |
Apr-2009 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Rita Nahta; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Obesity is a major risk factor for breast cancer, and is associated with reduced treatment response and reduced overall survival. The obesity-associated hormones IGF-I and leptin and their receptors, IGF-IR and leptin receptor (Ob-R), are elevated in breast cancer. Previously we showed through co-immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting that IGF-IR and Ob-R interact in the breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, MCF7, BT474, and SKBR3. Stimulation of cells with IGF-I promoted Ob-R phosphorylation, ... |
|
| Beta 2-Microglobulin: A Novel Therapeutic Target for the Treatment of Human Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis |
14 Mar 2009 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Leland W Chung; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| This proposal focuses on defining the role of beta 2-microglobulin (beta2-M) as a growth factor and signaling molecule contributing to prostate cancer bone metastasis. In this proposal, we proposed two Aims. Specific Aim 1 is to investigate the possible signaling pathway regulated by beta2-M in human prostate cancer cells with specific emphasis on the role of bradykinin (BK) receptor as the possible mediator of beta2-M signaling. We will define signaling ... |
|
| Identification of the Transformational Properties and Transcriptional Targets of the Oncogenic SRY Transcription Factor SOX4 |
Jan-2009 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher Scharer; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| SOX4 is a critical developmental transcription factor in vertebrates and is required for precise proliferation and differentiation in multiple tissues. SOX4 has also been implicated in tumorigenesis of multiple tumor types and has been shown by our lab to be upregulated in prostate cancer. However, the exact molecular role and the genes SOX4 transcriptionally influences remain unknown. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled to DNA microarrays (ChIP-chip) we have identified 282 high ... |
|
| Prenatal Exposure to Nicotine and Childhood Asthma: Role of Nicotine Acetylcholine Receptors, Neuropeptides and Fibronectin Expression in Lung |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Jesse Roman; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| We hypothesized that prenatal exposure to nicotine, a major component of tobacco that transverses the placenta, is largely responsible for the development of asthma in children born of mothers who smoke. Specifically, we hypothesized that nicotine is recognized by specific cellular proteins called nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) that are expressed by lung cells termed fibroblasts and pulmonary neuroendocrine cells. In fibroblasts, this interaction triggers the exaggerated expression of a connective ... |
|
| Crosstalk between Leptin Receptor and Igf-Ir in Breast Cancer: A Potential Mediator of Chemoresistance |
01-Apr-2008 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Rita Nahta; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Obesity is a major risk factor for breast cancer, and is associated with reduced treatment response and reduced overall survival. The obesity-associated hormones IGF-I and leptin and their receptors, IGF-IR and leptin receptor (Ob-R), are elevated in breast cancer. Co-immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting demonstrated that IGF-IR and Ob-R interact in the breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, MCF7, BT474, and SKBR3. Stimulation of cells with IGF-I promoted Ob-R phosphorylation, which was blocked ... |
|
| Early Detection of Breast Cancer Using Molecular Beacons |
JAN 2008 |
129 pages |
| Authors:
Lily Yang; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| The objective of this research project was to develop a novel fluorescence cell imaging method for the early detection of breast cancer. We proposed to use molecular beacon technology to detect the level of expression of several biomarker genes that are highly expressed in breast cancer cells but not in normal breast epithelial cells. As the result of this DOD Idea Award, we have developed molecular beacons that detect the ... |
|
| Identification of the Transformational Properties and Transcriptional Targets of the Oncogenic SRY Transcription Factor SOX4 |
JAN 2008 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher Scharer; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| The exact role of SOX4 in development and promoting tumorigenesis however is currently unknown. Here we sought to identify the direct transcriptional targets of SOX4 on a global scale to determine the gene networks affected in human cancers and development. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled to DNA microarrays tiling the promoters of 25,000 known genes (ChIP-chip), we identified 140 high confidence promoter regions bound by SOX4 in living human prostate cancer ... |
|
| Molecular Imaging With Quantum Dots Probing EMT and Prostate Cancer Metastasis in Live Animals |
OCT 2007 |
57 pages |
| Authors:
Leland W. K. Chung; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Despite the development of various animal and tissue culture models for the study of human prostate cancer growth and metastasis, there is no non-invasive model that provides real-time information on the behavior of prostate cancer cells in the prostate or at distant sites. The goal of this application is to devise a highly sensitive and specific nanotechnology- based molecular imaging technique to detect prostate cancer growth locally and at distant ... |
|
| Prenatal Exposure to Nicotine and Childhood Asthma: Role of Nicotine Acetylcholine Receptors, Neuropeptides and Fibronectin Expression in Lung |
DEC 2006 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Jesse Roman; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Asthma is a chronic lung disease characterized by airway dysfunction. Of the many factors implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma, a strong association exists between prenatal and postnatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). This is particularly true in infancy and in childhood where ETS exposure is associated with a higher incidence or prevalence of asthma, and with measures of decreased flow in the airways, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and increased respiratory ... |
|
| Molecular Imaging with Quantum Dots Probing EMT and Prostate Cancer Metastasis in Live Animals |
OCT 2006 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Leland W. K. Chung; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Despite the development of various animal and tissue culture models for the study of human prostate cancer growth and metastasis, there is no non-invasive model that provides real-time information on the behavior of prostate cancer cells in the prostate or at distant sites. The goal of this application is to devise a highly sensitive and specific nanotechnology- based molecular imaging technique to detect prostate cancer growth locally and at distant ... |
|
| Early Detection of Breast Cancer Using Molecular Beacons |
SEP 2006 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
Lily Yang; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| The objectives of our research during that last funding year (2005-2006) are: 1) identification of new tumor markers for early stage breast cancer (ductal carcinoma in situ, DCIS); 2) optimization of methods and molecular beacon design for the detection of the levels of tumor marker gene expression, and 3) development of multiplex quantum dot (QD) technology for detection of the level of protein expression in single cell level. The ultimate ... |
|
| Elucidation of Chromatin Remodeling Machinery Involved in Regulation of Estrogen Receptor Alpha Expression in Human Breast Cancer Cells |
AUG 2006 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Dipali Sharma; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Breast tumors expressing estrogen receptor alpha (ER) respond well to therapeutic strategies using SERMs (selective estrogen receptor modulators) such as tamoxifen. However, about thirty percent of invasive breast cancers are hormone independent because they lack ER expression due to hypermethylation of ER promoter. Treatment of ER negative breast cancer cells with demethylating agents (5-aza-2 deoxycytidine or 5-aza-dC) and histone deacetylase inhibitors (trichostatin A or TSA) leads to expression of ER ... |
|
| Role of TMS1 Silencing in the Resistance of Breast Cancer Cells to Apoptosis |
AUG 2006 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
Melissa J. Parsons; Paula M. Vertino; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Aberrant DNA methylation of promoter region CpG islands is associated with gene silencing and serves as an alternative to mutations in the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes in human cancers. We identified a gene TMS1 (for Target of Methylation-mediated Silencing) that is subject to such epigenetic silencing in a significant proportion of human breast and other cancers. TMS1 encodes a bipartite intracellular signaling molecule with proposed roles in apoptosis and ... |
|
| Harnessing Technology for Evidence-Based Education and Training in Minimally Invasive Surgery |
01 OCT 2005 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
C. D. Smith; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Training specific surgical skills on simulators has been proven to bring a better prepared student to a human operating room, and when the simulator-trained student performs a portion of a procedure fewer errors are made when compared to a learner who has not been trained on a simulator. This current study seeks to further this work by first developing a curriculation for training an entire procedure, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, using simulation ... |
|
| Molecular Imaging with Quantum Dots Probing EMT and Prostate Cancer Metastasis in Live Animals |
01 OCT 2005 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Leland W. K. Chung; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Despite the development of various animal and tissue culture models for the study of human prostate cancer growth and metastasis there is no non-invasive model that provides real-time information on the behavior of prostate cancer cells in the prostate or at distant sites. The goal of this application is to devise a highly sensitive and specific nanotechnology- based molecular imaging technique to detect prostate cancer growth locally and at distant ... |
|
| Early Detection of Breast Cancer Using Molecular Beacons |
SEP 2005 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
Lily Yang; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Our research efforts during the last funding year have been focused on optimization of designs and experimental conditions for molecular beacons. Specificity of molecular beacons (MBs) is affected by length and characteristics of the loop and stem sequences and efficiency of the quencher molecules. Although we have shown specificity of MBs for surviving and cyclin Dl mRNA, recent advances allow us to make MBs with even higher signal to noise ... |
|
| Disruption of Dopaminergic and Cholinergic Function in Military Deployment Implications to Parkinson's Disease |
SEP 2005 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Gary W. Miller; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| The goal of this project is to evaluate the potential of pesticides and other compounds used by the military for their potential to damage the brain dopamine system and increase the risk for Parkinson's disease. Notable research accomplishments over the past year include the following: Deltamethrin increased the expression of DAT, TH, and VMAT2, locomotor activity in C57BL mice exposed during development. We further identified transcription factors that underlie this ... |
|
| Accelerated Tumor Cell Death by Anglogenic Modifiers |
AUG 2005 |
58 pages |
| Authors:
Leland W. K. Chung; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Because of the potential synergistic interaction between an anti-angiogenic aminosterol, squalamine, and other angiogenic modifiers such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cytokines that may be released during intermittent androgen withdrawal therapy, we tested extensively the interaction between squalamine and VEGF for an enhanced cytotoxicity to human prostate cancer cells in vitro and xenografts tumor models in vivo. While in vitro synergistic interaction was demonstrated specifically in human prostate ... |
|
| Elucidation of Chromatin Remodeling Machinery Involved in Regulation of Estrogen Receptor Alpha Expression in Human Breast Cancer Cells |
AUG 2005 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Dipali Sharma; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Estrogen receptor alpha (ER) is an epigenetically regulated gene. Inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases (DNMT) and histone deacetylases (HDAC) synergistically activate the methylated ER gene promoter in ER negative MDA-MB-23 1 human breast cancer cells. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), we examined the chromatin status and repressor complex associated with silenced ER and changes in the key regulatory factors during reactivation by inhibitors of DNMT (5-aza-2'deoxycytidine or 5-aza-dC) and HDAC (trichostatin A ... |
|
| Role of TMS1 Silencing in the Resistance of Breast Cancer Cells to Apoptosis |
AUG 2005 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Melissa J. Parsons; Paula M. Vertino; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| We identified a gene TMS1 that is subject to epigenetic silencing in breast cancer, although the precise role of TMS1 in the pathogenesis of cancer is unknown. We hypothesize that silencing of TMS1 contributes to breast carcinogenesis by allowing cells to bypass apoptosis, and consequently may cause cells to be resistant to chemotherapy. We created a TMS1 loss-of-function model in MCF7 cells using siRNA, and determined that cells lacking TMS1 ... |
|
| Kainate Receptors in the Striatum: Implications for Excitotoxicity in Huntington's Disease |
AUG 2005 |
145 pages |
| Authors:
Yoland Smith; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| The goal of the work presented in this report was to understand the localization and functior of kainate receptors (KARs) in the basal ganglia, a group of brain structures affected in Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases. KARs are part of a family called ionotropic glutamate receptors. Using specific antibodies and glutamate-related compounds, we have achieved successfully a series of studies of the localization and function of these receptors in the striatum ... |
|
| Multifunctional Magnetic Nanoparticle Probes for Deep-Tissue Imaging |
08 JUN 2005 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Gang Bao; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| The goal of the DARPA-AFOSR project is to develop multifunctional magnetic nanoparticle probes for deep-tissue imaging using MRI. The specific objectives of the Phase 1 project include: (1) to functionalize iron-oxide magnetic nanoparticles for bioconjugation of oligonucleotides and peptides; (2) proof-of-concept demonstration of the signal transduction mechanism based on nanoprobe clustering on mRNA target; (3) to develop peptide-based delivery of magnetic nanoprobes into living cells with high delivery efficiency; (4) ... |
|
| Disruption of Dopaminergic and Cholinergic Function in Military Deployment Implications to Parkinson's Disease |
NOV 2004 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Gary W. Miller; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| The goal of this project is to evaluate the potential of pesticides and other compounds used by the military for their potential to damage the brain dopamine system and increase the risk for Parkinson's disease. Notable research accomplishments over the past year include the following: Deltamethrin increased the expression of DAT, TH, and VMAT2, locomotor activity in C57BL mice. Deltamethrin did not exacerbate the toxicity to the dopamine neurotoxin MPTP ... |
|
| Harnessing Technology for Evidence-Based Education and Training in Minimally Invasive Surgery |
OCT 2004 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
C. D. Smith; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Training specific surgical skills on simulators has been proven to bring a better-prepared student to a human operating room, and when the simulator-trained student performs a portion of a procedure fewer errors are made when compared to a learner who has not been trained on a simulator. This current study seeks to further this work by first developing a curriculum for training an entire procedure, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, using simulation technologies ... |
|
| Early Detection of Breast Cancer Using Molecular Beacons |
SEP 2004 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Lily Yang; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| During the last funding year, our research focus has been on the design and synthesis of MBs targeting surviving, cyclin D1 and Her-2/Neu mRNAs and examination of the specificity of those MBs in human breast cancer cells. Our results showed that survivin and cyclin Dl MBs are able to produce strong fluorescence signals in breast cancer cells but not in normal cells. We also developed a procedure to detect both ... |
|
| Kainate Receptors in the Striatum: Implications for Excitotoxicity in Huntington's Disease |
AUG 2004 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Yoland Smith; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by a loss of projection neurons-in the striatum. Although various hypotheses have been proposed to explain the mechanisms that underlie the striatal neuronal death, excitotoxicity still deserves major interest. Recent findings indicate that changes in the genotype of the kainate receptor subunit, GluR6, are associated with variation in the age of onset of HD, which implicates the kainate receptors in the pathogenesis ... |
|
| Role of TMS1 Silencing in the Resistance of Breast Cancer Cells to Apoptosis |
AUG 2004 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Melissa J. Parsons; Paula M. Vertino; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Aberrant DNA methylation of promoter region CpG islands is associated with gene silencing and serves as an alternative to mutations in the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes in human cancers. Our lab has identified novel gene, TMS1, that is aberrantly methylated and silenced in human breast tumors. TMS1 is a bipartite signalling molecule that functions in the regulation of apoptosis and inflammation. It is our hypothesis that epigenetic silencing of ... |
|
| Accelerated Tumor Cell Death by Angiogenic Modifiers |
AUG 2004 |
87 pages |
| Authors:
Leland W. Chung; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Because of the potential synergistic interaction between an anti- angiogenic aminosterol, squalamine, and other angiogenic modifiers such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cytokines that may be released during intermittent androgen withdrawal therapy, we tested extensively the interaction between squalamine and VEGF for an enhanced cytotoxicity to human prostate cancer cells in vitro and xenografts tumor models in vivo. While in vitro synergistic interaction was demonstrated specifically in human ... |
|
| New Colloidal Systems with Practical Ramifications |
MAY 2004 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Fredric M. Menger; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| This Final Report begins with a description of two catalysts and one microemulsion that are effective decontamination systems for mustard and nerve agent simulants. It then describes new ester-modified surfactants synthesized in the hopes that they would provide enhanced solublilization power. In the process, a comparison was made between contiguous and segmented hydrophobicity, the first such comparison of its kind. Surfactants were found to differ in their cmc, foaming, area ... |
|
| Disruption of Dopaminergic and Cholinergic Function in Military Deployment: Implications to Parkinson's Disease |
SEP 2003 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Gary W. Miller; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| The goal of this project is to evaluate the potential of pesticides and other compounds used by the military for their potential to damage the brain dopamine system and increase the risk for Parkinson's disease. |
|
| Accelerated Tumor Cell Death by Angiogenic Modifiers |
AUG 2003 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Leland W. Chung; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Because of the potential synergistic interaction between an anti- angiogenic aminosterol, squalamine, and other angiogenic modifiers such as vascular endothelial growth factor (vEGF) and cytokines that may be released during intermittent androgen withdrawal therapy, we tested extensiviely the interaction between soualamine and VECF for an enhanced cytotoxicity to human prostate cancer cells in vitro and xenografts tumor models in vivo. While in vitro synergistic interaction was demonstrated specifically in human ... |
|
| Kainate Receptors in the Striatum: Implications for Excitotoxicity in Huntington's Disease |
AUG 2003 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Yoland Smith; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by a loss of projection neurons in the striatum. Although various hypotheses have been proposed to explain the mechanisms that underlie the striatal neuronal death, excitotoxicity still deserves major interest. Recent findings indicate that changes in the genotype of the kainate receptor subunit, GluR6, are associated with variation in the age of onset of HE), which implicates the kalnate receptors in the ... |
|
| Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor mGluR4 as a Novel Target for Parkinson's Disease |
OCT 2002 |
213 pages |
| Authors:
Allan I. Levey; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| In Parkinson's disease (PD) nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons selectively die. Here we describe our contributions toward understanding basal ganglia (BG) function and the suitability of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) as targets for treating PD. We employed immunocytochemistry to describe the anatomical localization of mGluRs 4, 2/3, la, and 5 in BG nuclei. We used electrophysiology to describe how mGluRs mediate the effects of glutamate in rat brain slices. We tested the ... |
|
| Kainate Receptors in the Striatum: Implications for Excitoxicity in Huntington's Disease |
AUG 2002 |
122 pages |
| Authors:
Yoland Smith; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Huntington's disease (ND) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by a loss of projection neurons in the striatum. Although various hypotheses have been proposed to explain the mechanisms that underlie the striatal neuronal death, excitotoxicity still deserves major interest. Recent findings indicate that changes in the genotype of the kainate receptor subunit, G1uR6, are associated with variation in the age of onset of ND, which implicates the kainate receptors in the ... |
|
| The Emory University Prostate Cancer Center Initiation Program |
APR 2002 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
John A. Petros; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| The project supports 3 separate research projects and one core facility designed to investigate basic science aspects of prostate cancer including mitogenic oxidase expression (Project 1), mitochondrial DNA mutations (Project 2), and the cell adhesion molecule MUC-1 8 (Project 3). In addition, the project is designed to aid in initiating a multi-disciplinary prostate cancer research center and to assist investigators in obtaining other extra- mural finding for these projects. This ... |
|
| Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor mGluR4 as a Novel Target for Parkinson's Disease |
OCT 2001 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Allan I. Levey; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a loss of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons. Here we describe our progress in understanding the role of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) as a novel target for the treatment of PD. We have localized mGluR4 in basal ganglia structures, and explored its role in mediating the electrophysiological effects of glutamate in rat brain slices. We have explored the efficacy of mGluR drugs in relieving motor ... |
|
| Reactive Oxygen is a Major Factor Regulating Cell Division and Angiogenesis in Breast Cancer |
SEP 2001 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Rebecca S. Arnold; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| We investigated the occurrence, origin and have begun to explore the biological function of elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in breast carcinoma cell lines, particularly with regard to aberrant expression of Nox isoforms. We have initially surveyed 7 breast carcinoma cell lines including BT- 20, BT-474, MCF7, MDA-MB-231, SK-BR-3, T-47D, and ZR-75-1, available through ATCC. These include lines developed from both primary and metastatic tumors. In addition, we surveyed three ... |
|
| New Structurally Unusual Surfactants |
05 JUN 2001 |
|
| Authors:
Fredric M. Menger; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
 | This is a Final Report on a 3-year project that began by completing the development of a low-temperature microemulsion system for destroying mustard and nerve gas simulants. The project then moved on to the synthesis of a large number (almost a hundred) novel surfactants, most of them being in the "gemini" category. These new materials display a host of interesting and potentially useful properties among which are the solublization of ... |
|
| Energy Transfer Kinetics and Dynamics of Relevance to Iodine Lasers |
31 JAN 2001 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Michael C. Heaven; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Rate constants were measured for elementary reactions that are of importance for iodine chemical lasers driven by O2(a(sup 1) delta) (COIL) or NCl(a(sup 1) delta). Energy transfer between I(2 P(1/2)) and 02(X) has been studied in detail. Rate constants for electronic energy transfer and nuclear spin relaxation were measured over the temperature range from 150-300K. The mechanism for dissociation of 12 in COIL systems has been examined using kinetic models ... |
|
| Metabotrobic Glutamate Receptor mGluR4 as a Novel Target for Parkinson's Disease |
OCT 2000 |
170 pages |
| Authors:
Alan I. Levey; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Parkinson' S disease (PD) is characterized by a loss of substantial nigra dopaminergic neurons. Here we describe our progress in understanding the role of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) as a novel target for the treatment of PD. We have localized mGluP4 in basal ganglia structures, and explored its role in mediating the electrophysiological effects of glutamate in rat brain slices. We have explored the efficacy of mGluP drugs in relieving ... |
|
| Kainate Receptors in the Striatum: Implications for Excitotoxicity in Huntington's Disease |
AUG 2000 |
102 pages |
| Authors:
Yoland Smith; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by a loss of projection neurons in the striatum. Although various hypotheses have been proposed to explain the mechanisms that underlie the striatal neuronal death, excitotoxicity still deserves major interest. Recent findings indicate that changes in the genotype of the kainate receptor subunit, GluR6, are associated with variation in the age of onset of RD, which ... |
|
| Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Prostate Cancer Outcomes Among African American Men |
NOV 1999 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Torrance T. Stephens; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of dietary behaviors, specifically fruit and vegetable consumption, on outcomes of prostate cancer (PC) among a random sample of African American (AA) men. The goal was to determine how fruit and vegetable behavior might enhance treatment outcomes and the quality of life among AA men. Currently it is unknown how culturally- specific dietary behaviors impact treatment outcomes for PC for AAs. The ... |
|
| Metabotrobic Glutamate Receptor mGluR4 as a Novel Target for Parkinson's Disease. |
OCT 1999 |
104 pages |
| Authors:
Allan I. Levy; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| The symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) are associated with a loss of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons involved in modulation of function of the basal ganglia (BG) . This report describes our progress in understanding the role of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) as a novel target for the treatment of PD. Specifically, our aims are to localize mGluR4 in rat and monkey basal ganglia structures, to determine the role of this ... |
|
| Multifunctional Catalysts for Decontamination and Fuel Cells |
25 SEP 1998 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Craig L. Hill; G. C. White; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| This final report summarizes the many accomplishments of this grant including: (1) the development of versatile materials with catalytic activity for the effective decontamination of mustard (HD)) analogs; (2) the development of effective catalytic HD decontamination catalysts that work using air (O2); (3) the detailed investigation and elucidation of the mechanisms of such new catalytic systems including the mechanism for O2 activation by reduced polyoxometalate (POM) clusters; and (4) the ... |
|
| Theoretical Studies of Gas Phase Elementary Reactions |
SEP 1998 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Keiji Morokuma; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Understanding the mechanism, kinetics and dynamics of elementary gas phase reactions is one of the major goals of chemistry. Such understanding is also essential to predicting and understanding plasma dynamics and optical radiation associated with the spacecraft-atmosphere interactions. The objective of the present research was to provide, based on mainly the ab initio molecular orbital and some dynamics calculations, theoretical information concerning the potential ... |
|
| Energy Transfer Processes in Iodine Lasers |
28 DEC 1997 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Michael C. Heaven; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| The near resonant electronic energy transfer process I(2P3/2) + O2(alpha) left & right arrow I(2P1/2) + O2(X) is of central importance in COIL systems. The low temperature kinetics were characterized by studies of I(2P1/2) +O2 quenching at temperatures near 150K. As a component of this effort, sensitive LIF detection of I(2P1/2) was demonstrated. A quenching rate constant of (4.5+/-0.5)x10(exp -12 cu cm /s was obtained, which was appreciably smaller than ... |
|
| Proceedings of International Symposium, Growth and Optical Properties of Compound Semiconductors Held in Dayton, Ohio on November 13-14, 1995 |
14 NOV 95 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
Krishan K. Bajaj; T. C. Collins; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| The purpose of this symposium was to provide a forum for the discussion of recent developments in the growth and optical studies of III-V and II-VI semiconductors and their heterostructures. Both experimental and theoretical progress in the areas of synthesis, optical characterization and device applications was reviewed by an international panel of distinguished scientists. The future directions of research were discussed. The emergence of enormous interest in the study of ... |
|
| Synthesis & Examination of New Polymeric Materials |
08 APR 95 |
|
| Authors:
F. M. Menger; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Army Research Office funding served to support several diverse projects: (a) Direct visual observation of vesicular systems by light microscopy; (b) Lipid-catalyzed transport of Cu(II) through liquid membranes; (c) Combined destruction of mustard and nerve agents via microemulsion technology; (d) Production of long organic fibers via noncovalent synthesis; (e) Acetylcholineesterase-catalyzed hydrolyses of membrane-bound substrates. Projects b, c, and d are completed and have led to publication. Projects a and e ... |
|
| Synthesis & Examination of New Polymeric Materials |
08 APR 95 |
|
| Authors:
F. M. Menger; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Army Research Office funding served to support several diverse projects: (a) Direct visual observation of vesicular systems by light microscopy; (b) Lipid-catalyzed transport of Cu(II) through liquid membranes; (c) Combined destruction of mustard and nerve agents via microemulsion technology. (d) Production of long organic fibers via noncovalent synthesis. (e) Acetylcholineesterase-catalyzed hydrolyses of membrane-bound substrates. Projects b, c, and d are completed and have led to publication. Projects a and e ... |
|
Reports by Corporate Author
