| DURIP: Instrumentation for Precision Rapid Prototyping of Systems for Optoelectronic Circuits and Devices |
31 MAY 2000 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Richard M. Osgood Jr; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
 | This proposal requested instrumentation to make our direct writing instrumentation at Columbia capable of sub micrometer overlay and registration and to provide new capability for testing integrated optical devices. This instrumentation thus included the purchase of new more rugged laser systems and optical stages and optics. Additional computers were needed to update the control systems for the apparatus and make them more compatible with in ... |
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| The Interaction of Short Ultraviolet-Laser Pulses with Surfaces: Laser Probes of Nanoscale Surface |
12 APR 2000 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Richard M. Osgood Jr.; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
| The emphasis of the research in this program has been to investigate the use of UV lasers for surface diagnostics and for the probing of nanoscale surface physics. Our current program focuses on electron coupling and confinement on nanostructured surfaces, and the use of short-pulse nonlinear laser photoemission techniques to probe these phenomena. Specifically the program is to investigate low-dimensional, quantum confinement of electrons on surfaces patterned with angstrom-scale features. ... |
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| Selective Processing Techniques for Electronic and Optoelectronic Applications: Quantum-Well Devices and Integrated Optic Circuits |
22 SEP 1999 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Richard M. Osgood Jr; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
| This program had two objectives: to develop selective material processing techniques for both multiple quantum well (MQW) electronic devices and circuits, and to develop design and fabrication techniques for advanced photonic devices and circuits. The ULTRA electronics portion of the program was focused on developing new damage free etching techniques for nanoscale semiconductor electronic devices; techniques primarily for III-V semiconductors were of interest. The photonics program considered a wide range ... |
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| Epitaxial Liftoff for Fully Single-Crystal Ferroelectric Thin Films |
29 JUN 1999 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Richard M. Osgood Jr.; Miguel Levy; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| During the period covered by this report we initiated the application of crystal ion slicing to single crystal potassium tantalate and strontium titanate. Transport of ions in matter (TRIM) simulations and ion implantation at 3.8MeV and various dosages were done and removal of the sacrificial layer tested in a number of etchants. Potassium tantalate films have been fabricated and characterized, Sacrificial layer etching studies in SrTiO3 for (110) crystals were ... |
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| The Interaction of Ultraviolet Laser Radiation with Metal and Semiconductor Surfaces |
20 APR 1999 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Richard M. Osgood Jr; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
| The work during this contract period focused on phenomena at nanostructured metal and semiconductor surfaces, which are probed using short- pulse photoemission. Specifically, the program was to investigate the low- dimensional quantum confinement of electrons on spatially-patterned surfaces of single-crystal metals. It also aimed to expand the applications, the technique, and the instrumentation for nonlinear optical techniques of surface electrons. Electronic systems of reduced dimensionality are of interest for a ... |
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| A CAD System for Optical Waveguide Circuits: A 'Spice' Program for Optical Circuits |
28 AUG 97 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Richard M. Osgood Jr; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
| A major focus of our current DARPA/AFOSR contract is the development of photonic devices appropriate to integrated optical circuits, Success in this area requires a significant effort in the area of modeling and simulation of optical wave propagation. The focus of this AASERT was to develop computer-aided design and modeling software for photonic integrated circuits. This effort built on software previously developed in our group for optical waveguide simulation using ... |
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| The Interaction of Ultraviolet Laser Radiation with Metal and Semiconductor Surfaces |
04 AUG 95 |
60 pages |
| Authors:
Richard M. Osgood Jr; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
| The first observations of image states on solid surfaces were reported about ten years ago using inverse photoemission and two-photon photoemission (2PPE), and the initial stages in the nonlinear spectroscopy of image states emphasized the measurement of the binding energies of these states as well as their dispersion relations or effective masses. More recently, work in this area has sought to exploit the relative precision of image-state spectroscopy by using ... |
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| JSEP Fellowship: Fractal Noise Processes |
31 MAY 93 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Steven B. Lowen; George W. Flynn; Malvin C. Teich; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
| Three fractal stochastic processes were developed and defined. Their statistical properties were derived, and examples were provided. Fractal shot noise (FSN), which is formed when a homogeneous Poisson process is passed through a filter with a power-law decaying impulse response function, was defined. For certain parameters, FSN converges to fractional Gaussian noise, while for others it is a Levy-stable random process. The fractal shot-noise- driven Poisson process (FSNDP), formed when ... |
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| Research Investigation Directed Toward Extending the Useful Range of the Electromagnetic Spectrum |
31 DEC 92 |
112 pages |
| Authors:
M. Teich; I. Herman; R. Osgood Jr.; G. Flynn; E. Yang; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
| We have made two important discoveries regarding the photon statistics in telecommunications devices. In the first, we have shown that the channel capacity of optical receivers in which photon arrival times are observed cannot be improved by modifying an initially Poisson photon stream and making it sub-Poisson. For photon-counting receivers, however, channel capacity enhancement is possible. In the second, we have evaluated system performance in the case of a cascade ... |
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| Photoemission from Si(111) Surfaces Covered with Thick Overlayers of CaF(2), |
22 MAY 1992 |
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| Authors:
B. Quiniou; W. Schwarz; Z. Wu; R. M. Osgood; Q. Yang; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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 | Recently, photoemitted electrons have been considered as a possible source of light-initiated surface reactions. In particular, for example, the photon energy, 6.4 eV, from an ArF laser, is known to exceed the work function of many materials used in laser processing, such as Si, GaAs, and Cu. In fact, space-charge limited photoemission has been reported by several groups doing illumination of surfaces of these materials. In this talk we describe ... |
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| Research Investigation Directed Toward Extending the Useful Range of the Electromagnetic Spectrum. Joint Services Electronics Program Annual Progress Report Number 40 |
31 JAN 91 |
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| Authors:
Richard M. Osgood Jr.; George W. Flynn; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| The degenerate four-wave mixer is a nonlinear optical device capable of being configured to provide an extraordinarily broad range of photon statistics. It is important in generating quadrature-squeezed light. We have determined these statistics at its output in terms of the matrix representation of the process. AlxGa(1-x)Sb is a ternary semiconductor of interest for possible use for information transmission in the 1.3-1.55 micron low-loss silica-fiber window. The threshold energy and ... |
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| Spontaneous and Induced Coherent Radiation Generation in Atomic Vapors |
14 SEP 90 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Sven Hartmann; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
| Experiments have been performed to study the nonlinear behavior of intense incoherent light propagating in an optical fiber; to incoherent light to study time delayed four-wave-mixing in semiconductor doped glasses and organic dyes and coherent light to generate attosecond beats in potassium vapor; to calculated the effect of the dynamic Lorentz shift on four-wave parametric interactions in a strongly driven two-level system as well as the distinct problem of the ... |
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| Research Investigation Directed Toward Extending the Useful Range of the Electromagnetic Spectrum |
31 DEC 89 |
97 pages |
| Authors:
George W. Flynn; Richard M. Osgood Jr; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
| JSEP research has yielded two new laser microprobes for use in electronics fabrication. The development of such probes is increasingly important because of the need for precision in situ monitoring in advanced electronics fabrication. In the first, photoelectric emission induced by a focused UV laser beam has been used for the first time to make a scanning photoemission microscope for probing semiconductor surfaces. With this instrument it was possible to ... |
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| Research Investigation Directed Toward Extending the Useful Range of the Electromagnetic Spectrum |
31 DEC 88 |
99 pages |
| Authors:
George W. Flynn; Richard M. Osgood Jr; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
| Silent light (also known as photon number-squeezed light and sub- Poisson light) can be generated as recombination radiation from semiconductor materials by using a specially designed space-charge-limited light-emitting structure. Because such light has a photon-number distribution that is narrower than the Poisson distribution, the well-known lightwave-communication 'quantum limit' of 10 photons/bit (for on-off keying) can be improved upon. We have established relationships between the bit error rate Pe and the ... |
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| Spontaneous and Induced Coherent Radiation Generated in Atomic Vapor |
28 JUL 88 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Sven R. Hartman; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| Optical coherent techniques have been developed and applied in order to obtain relaxation and spectroscopic information in atomic vapors. Theoretical work was performed to understand collisional relaxation and the interaction of intense fields with matter. The utility of using incoherent light fields in generating coherent excitations was demonstrated and analyzed. Applications of the time delayed four wave mixing technique using broadband light for investigating relaxation in solids have begun. Keywords: ... |
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| Joint Services Electronics Program |
MAY 88 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
George W. Flynn; Richard M. Osgood Jr; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
| Several milestones have been reached in GaAs research. The first active GaAs device, a 1 micrometers channel width MESFET, has been made at Columbia. This device is a basic building block in the GaAs CCD program. GaAs surface studies have also born fruit. UV light has been found to oxidize rapidly the surface of GaAs in an UHV environment containing traces of water vapor and O2. The mechanism appears to ... |
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| A Diagrammatic Technique for Calculating Radiation of Coherently or Incoherently Excited Two-Level Atoms |
88 |
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| Authors:
R. Friedberg; S. R. Hartmann; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| A diagrammatic technique is developed for calculating the radiation from two-level atoms excited by coherent or incoherent pulses. The method is practical for excitation fields of arbitrary magnitude. Multiple pulse configurations involving both temporally separated or overlapping pulses with either parallel or non-parallel propagation directions are readily accommodated. Those pulses which are incoherent can be either correlated or uncorrelated. The technique is suitable for the analysis of time-delayed four-wave mixing ... |
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| Research Investigation Directed Toward Extending the Useful Range of the Electromagnetic Spectrum |
31 DEC 87 |
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| Authors:
George W. Flynn; Richard M. Osgood Jr; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| The usual semiclassical theory of light detection has been demonstrated to be valid only in the absence of feedback from detector to source. A revised theory has been developed that is valid even in the presence of such feedback. Research has begun on the possibility of using various heterostructures (including quantum-well devices) that might serve as solid- state versions of the space-charge-limited Franck-Hertz experiment (this experiment produced the first source ... |
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| Research Investigation Directed Toward Extending the Useful Range of the Electromagnetic Spectrum. Appendix |
31 DEC 87 |
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| Authors:
George W. Flynn; Richard M. Osgood Jr; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| The usual semiclassical theory of light detection has been demonstrated to be valid only in the absence of feedback from detector to source. A revised theory has been developed that is valid even in the presence of such feedback. Research has begun on the possibility of using various heterostructures (including quantum-well devices) that might serve as solid- state versions of the space-charge-limited Franck-Hertz experiment. This report is a compilation of ... |
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| Research Investigation Directed Toward Extending the Useful Range of the Electromagnetic Spectrum |
31 DEC 86 |
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| Authors:
George W. Flynn; Richard M. Osgood Jr; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| New developments have been achieved in the quantum generation and detection of light. The usual semiclassical theory of light detection turns out to be incomplete. The theory has been extended to include the possibility of feedback from the detector to the source which changes the theory substantially. In the revised theory the noise at the output of a detector can be below shot noise even though the incident light is ... |
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| Research Investigation Directed Toward Extending the Useful Range of the Electromagnetic Spectrum |
31 DEC 85 |
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| Authors:
George W. Flynn; Richard M. Osgood Jr; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| The characteristics of light generated by distinctly non-Poisson processes have been studied with particular interest in sub-Poisson light (light whose photon-number fluctuations are lower than those of lasers). The use of such quiet light can be beneficial, e.g., it could possibly increase the distance between repeaters in a fiber-optic communications system. As an example of a mechanism for producing such light, a Franck-Hertz apparatus excited by a space-charge-limited electron beam ... |
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| Instrumentation for Surface Studies for Novel Electronics Processing |
DEC 85 |
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| Authors:
R. M. Osgood; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| The instrumentation purchased on this contract is to be used in the study of solid-surface phenomena and the relation of these phenomena to developing new processing or fabrication techniques for miro-electronics. Development of new processing techniques including laser direct writing, photon- assisted dry processing, the formation of metal silicides, and ion etching are currently major research efforts in the Columbia Microelectronics Sciences Laboratories. The work is supported by research contracts ... |
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| Summary Abstract: Low-Temperature Deposition and Removal of Material Using Laser-Induced Chemistry |
JUN 1984 |
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| Authors:
R. M. Osgood Jr.; H. H. Gilgen; P. Brewer; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| Research Investigation Directed Toward Extending the Useful Range of the Electromagnetic Spectrum |
31 MAY 1984 |
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| Authors:
G. W. Flynn; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| We have been studying the characteristics of light generated by distinctly non-Poisson processes. We are particularly interested in sub-Poisson light (light whose fluctuations are lower than those of lasers). The use of such quiet light can be beneficial, e.g., it can increase the distance between repeaters in a fiber-optic communications system. As an example of a mechanism for producing such light, we have begun studying a Franck-Hertz apparatus excited by ... |
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| Research Investigation Directed Toward Extending the Useful Range of the Electromagnetic Spectrum |
31 MAR 1983 |
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| Authors:
George W. Flynn; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| Substantial progress has been made in understanding the generation and detection of light from an unified statistical point of view. To this end, the coherence properties and photon statistics of stationary light obtained by the superposition of nonstationary emissions occurring at random times, in accordance with a homogeneous Poisson point process has been investigated. The individual emissions were assumed to be in a coherent, chaotic, or n state. The statistical ... |
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| Coherence and Photon Statistics for Optical Fields Generated by Poisson Random Emissions |
17 JUN 1982 |
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| Authors:
Bahaa E. A. Saleh; David Stoler; Malvin Carl Teich; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| Research Investigation Directed Toward Extending the Useful Range of the Electromagnetic Spectrum |
31 MAR 1982 |
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| Authors:
Georg W. Flynn; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| Contents: Quantum Detection and Sensing of Radiation; Physical and Photochemical Properties of Electronic Materials; Energy Transfer and Relaxation in Small Polyatomic Molecules; Picosecond Energy Transfer and Photofragmentation Spectroscopy; Generation and Control of Radiation; and Significant Accomplishments and Technology Transition Report. |
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| Noble-Gas-Induced Collisional Broadening of the 6P1/2-6P3/2 Transition of T1 Measured by Raman Echoes |
05 NOV 1981 |
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| Authors:
K. P. Leung; T. W. Mossberg; S. R. Hartmann; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| Emission Spectra and Relaxation Dynamics of Excited 79Br2 in Ar and Kr Matrices |
29 OCT 1981 |
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| Authors:
Mary Mandich; Paul Beeken; George Flynn; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| Collision Kernels and Laser Spectroscopy |
24 AUG 1981 |
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| Authors:
P. R. Berman; T. W. Mossberg; S. R. Hartmann; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| Phenomenological Model of Grain-Boundary Trapping States in Polycrystalline Silicon Under Optical Illumination |
24 AUG 1981 |
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| Authors:
E. Poon; W. Hwang; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| Vibrational Energy Transfer in Laser-Excited COF(2). Infrared Fluorescence from the Intermediate Mode nu sub 4 |
23 JUL 1981 |
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| Authors:
R. K. Bohn; K. H. Casleton; Y. V. C. Rao; G. W. Flynn; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| Dependence of Electrical Characteristics on Laser Power in CW Laser Processed Al-nSi Diodes |
22 MAY 1981 |
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| Authors:
C. M. Wu; E. S. Yang; T. O. Sedgwick; R. T. Hodgson; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| The Physics of Spin-Polarized Atomic Vapors |
MAY 1981 |
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| Authors:
William Happer; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
| Spin polarized atomic vapor systems are of considerable interest to the civilian and military sectors of our society because they can be used to make very precise measurements of time, absolute rotation rates, and electromagnetic fields. Topics studied include: Spin Destruction in Collisions between alkali atoms; Light Narrowing of Magnetic Resonance Lines in Dense Alkali Vapors; and The Role of Naxe Molecules in the Spin Relaxation of Optically Pumped Na ... |
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| Research Investigation Directed Toward Extending the Useful Range of the Electromagnetic Spectrum |
31 MAR 1981 |
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| Authors:
George W. Flynn; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| Contents: Quantum Detection and Sensing of Radiation; Physical Properties and Effects in Electronic Materials; Energy Transfer and Relaxation in Small Polyatomic Molecules; Energy Transfer and Relaxation in Alkali Metals; Picosecond Energy Transfer and Photofragmentation Spectroscopy; Generation and Control of Radiation. |
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| Transformation of Image-Signal-Dependent Noise into Image-Signal- Independent Noise |
30 MAR 1981 |
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| Authors:
Paul R. Prucnal; Bahaa E. A. Saleh; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| Multiplied-Poisson Noise in Pulse, Particle, and Photon Detection |
03 FEB 1981 |
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| Authors:
Bahaa E. A. Saleh; Malvin Carl Teich; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| Role of the Doubly Stochastic Neyman Type-A and Thomas Counting Distributions in Photon Detection |
27 JAN 1981 |
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| Authors:
Malvin Carl Teich; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| New Infrared Absorption Bands of Sodium Vapor, |
03 APR 1980 |
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| Authors:
A. Vasilakis; N. D. Bhaskar; W. Happer; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| Research Investigation Directed Toward Extending the Useful Range of the Electromagnetic Spectrum. |
31 MAR 1980 |
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| Authors:
George W. Flynn; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
| Preliminary studies of spin relaxation of optically pumped sodium in xenon gas have shown that Van der Waals NaXe cause a substantial part of the relaxation. The electron-nuclear spin exchange cross section between Na and Xe129 has been measured to be less than ten to the -19th power/sq cm. Calculations and preliminary experiments have shown that radiofrequency spectroscopic studies of the anomalously long lived 5D state of cesium are possible. ... |
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| High Pressure Noble Gas Alkali Vapor Mixtures and Their Visible and Infrared Excimer Bands. |
FEB 1980 |
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| Authors:
William Happer; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| The infrared absorption of saturated alkali vapors has been measured for the first time. New absorption bands are tentatively assigned to triplet dimer molecules and also to trimer molecules. (Author) |
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| The Physics of Spin-Polarized Atomic Vapors. |
AUG 1979 |
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| Authors:
W. Happer; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
| The overall objective of the work supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research grant has been to explore the basic physical properties of spin polarized atomic vapors. These systems are of considerable interest to the civilian and military sectors of our society because they can be used to make very precise measurements of time, absolute rotation rates, and electromagnetic fields. For example, the U.S. time standard is the ... |
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| Research Investigation Directed Toward Extending the Useful Range of the Electromagnetic Spectrum. |
MAY 1979 |
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| Authors:
COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
| During the period covered by this contract the major thrust areas of the Columbia Radiation Laboratory were in the fields of quantum optics, energy transfer and relaxation, spectroscopy, the generation and control of electromagnetic radiation, quantum detection and sensing of radiation, and the physical properties of electronic materials. Research supported by the contract led to 79 publications in the Physical Review Letters, Applied Physics Letters, Physics Letters, Optics Communications, the ... |
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| Research Investigation Directed Toward Extending the Useful Range of the Electromagnetic Spectrum. |
31 MAR 1979 |
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| Authors:
George W. Flynn; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| Contents: Relaxation and Energy Transfer In Alkali Metals; Relaxation and Energy Transfer in Small Polyatomic Molecules; Generation and Control of Radiation; Quantum Detection and Sensing of Radiation; Physical Properties and Effects of Electronic Materials. |
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| Total Scattering Cross Section for Na on He Measured by Stimulated Photon Echoes, |
05 DEC 1978 |
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| Authors:
T. Mossberg; A. Flusberg; R. Kachru; S. R. Hartmann; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
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| Foreign-Gas-Induced Relaxation of Rydberg S and D States in Atomic Sodium, |
18 SEP 1978 |
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| Authors:
A. Flusberg; R. Kachru; T. Mossberg; S. R. Hartmann; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
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| Single-Threshold Detection of a Random Signal in Noise with Multiple Independent Observations. Part 2. Continuous Case, |
10 APR 1978 |
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| Authors:
Paul R. Prucnal; Malvin Carl Teich; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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| Research Investigation Directed Toward Extending the Useful Range of the Electromagnetic Spectrum. |
31 MAR 1978 |
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| Authors:
William Happer; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
| A method has been developed which provides a complete description of the energy and population distributions in a laser pumped, metastable polyatomic molecule. Different temperatures are required for each mode and for the translational/rotational degrees of freedom. Good agreement between calculated and measured distributions has been found for CH3F. Vibrational energy for this system tends to accumulate preferentially in the nu 3 C-F stretch vibrational mode. As a result, extremely ... |
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| Research Investigation Directed Toward Extending the Useful Range of the Electromagnetic Spectrum. |
31 MAR 1977 |
213 pages |
| Authors:
William Happer; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
|
| A theoretical limit, (Omega squared)/(Omega)hfs, has been deduced for the exchange narrowed linewidth of magnetic resonance transitions in alkali vapors. Here omega is the Larmor frequency and (Omega)hfs is the hyperfine frequency of the atomic ground state. Experimentally measured linewidths do not approach this limit. The reason for the discrepancy is under investigation. Long range interactions were found to exist between self focused, spatially separated laser beams in alkali vapors. ... |
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| Trapped Metastable Vibrational Energy Distributions in Laser Pumped Molecules, |
22 NOV 1976 |
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| Authors:
Irwin Shamah; George Flynn; COLUMBIA RADIATION LAB NEW YORK
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Reports by Corporate Author
