| COMPARISON OF DOS AND NACL QUANTITATIVE FIT TESTS. |
01 NOV 1992 |
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| Authors:
RICHARD BRLETICH; FRANCIS HUGHES; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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 | DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL)-SEBACATE (DOS) AND SODIUM CHLORIDE (NACL) METHODS HAVE TRADITIONALLY BEEN USED TO CONDUCT QUANTITATIVE FIT TESTS (QNFT) ON MILITARY RESPIRATORS. RECENT TESTS CONDUCTED ON THE M17 SERIES MILITARY RESPIRATORS HAVE INDICATED THAT THE TWO TEST METHODS DO NOT GIVE THE SAME RESULTS. THIS STUDY WAS ESTABLISHED TO DETERMINE WHETHER A DIFFERENCE EXISTS BETWEEN THE TWO QNFT METHODS, AND IF SO, WHAT IS THAT RELATIONSHIP. SEVENTY-EIGHT PERCENT OF THE TESTS RESULTED ... |
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| CORN OIL LEAKAGE TEST FOR THE DT II OF THE XM40/US-10 PROTECTIVE MASKS. |
01 NOV 1992 |
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| Authors:
RICHARD BRLETICH; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| TWO CANDIDATE XM40 MASKS AND THE BRITISH US-10 MASK ARE BEING CONSIDERED AS REPLACEMENTS FOR THE CURRENTLY FIELDED M17 AND M25 PROTECTIVE MASK SYSTEMS. LABORATORY TESTING USING CORN OIL AEROSOL IS THE CURRENT METHOD OF RESPIRATOR EVALUATION IN THE ARMY. THE CORN OIL LEAKAGE TESTING PORTION OF THE DT II OF THE AM40/U-10 MASK SYSTEMS IS DESIGNED TO TEST THE ABILITY OF THE MASKS TO PROVIDE ADEQUATE PROTECTION TO THE ... |
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| PROTECTION FACTOR TESTING OF THE CANADIAN XC7 CANISTER WITH THE M40 CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL PROTECTIVE MASK. |
01 NOV 1992 |
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| Authors:
Alex G. Pappas; ROBERT A. WEISS; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| PROTECTION FACTOR TESTING OF THE CANADIAN XC7 CANISTER WAS CONDUCTED AT THE US ARMY CHEMICAL RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER (CRDEC), ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MD. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS EVALUATION WAS TO DETERMINE IF THE XC7 CANISTER PROVIDES THE LEVEL OF PROTECTION FROM FIELD CONCENTRATIONS OF CHEMICAL AGENTS REQUIRED BY THE M40 JOINT SERVICES OPERATION REQUIREMENTS (JSOR). ALTHOUGH SOME SMALL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE XC7 AND THE C2 CANISTERS WERE NOTED, ... |
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| Root Cause Analysis Methodology |
SEP 92 |
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| Authors:
Miles C. Miller; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| A Root Cause Analysis is performed to identify the real source (i.e., root cause) of a problem. The process includes a sequential series of steps that will both determine the root causes as well as document the basis for this determination. There are many different technique in use to achieve this same end and are referred to as Failure Analyses, Problem Investigations, etc. A particular Root Cause Analysis Methodology that ... |
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| Predicting Polymer Properties by Computational Methods 2: A Comparison of Semi-Empirical Methods |
SEP 92 |
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| Authors:
A. Birenzvige; L. M. Sturdivan; G. R. Famini; P. N. Krishnan; R. E. Morris; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| The physical properties of various molecules calculated by MNDO, AM1, and PM3 methods are compared to experimental values using rigorous statistical analysis. The results show the best methods for calculating physical properties will depend on the property and that no one method is adequate to calculate all the physical properties. Furthermore, the results show the value of employing statistical methods in the area of computational chemistry. Vinyl chloride, Computational chemistry, ... |
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| Inhalation Hazard from Reaerosolized Biological Agents: A Review |
SEP 92 |
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| Authors:
Ammon Birenzvige; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Biological Warfare (BW) agents have long been recognized as a potential threat to troops on the battlefield. In the past, most consideration has been given to the threat from the disseminated plume, or what is called the primary threat. As the plume disperses, the particles deposit on the ground. The deposited particle can then interact with the surface soil/dust particles. If the surface is disturbed, either by the wind or ... |
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| Interpretation of Adsorption Isotherm Hysteresis for an Activated Charcoal Using Stochastic Pore Networks |
SEP 92 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
R. Mann; H. Yousef; D. K. Friday; J. J. Mahle; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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 | Water vapor adsorption equilibria on activated carbons typically exhibit hysteresis. The size and shape of the hysteresis loop which separates the adsorption and desorption branches is a strong function of the pore size and interconnectivity of the pore. Neither conventional pore filling models nor statistical thermodynamics approaches provide a means for predicting the extent of hysteresis from only adsorption measurements. This work uses the Kelvin Equation in conjunction with the ... |
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| Characterization of Spheres With The Submicron Particle Analyzer: Feasibility |
SEP 92 |
71 pages |
| Authors:
Jerold R. Bottiger; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| A method is described for inverting light scattering data to find the size parameter (x) and refractive index (n) of small dielectric spheres. The data considered is restricted to that obtainable with the U.S. Army Chemical Research, Development and Engineering Center's Submicron Particle Analyzer (i.e. , ratios of intensities detected at a number of fixed directions about the scattering sphere). The inversion process works by comparing measured flux ratios with ... |
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| Piperidine Synthesis |
SEP 92 |
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| Authors:
Harold D. Banks; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Methods of synthesizing piperidines have been reviewed. The older reviews are cited; however, much of the review is occupied with the research of the last 3 years.... Piperidines, Synthesis, Review. |
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| Application of Silicone Fluid Rheogoniometer Measurements to Despin Moment Studies in a Spinning and Coning Cylinder |
SEP 92 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Raymond P. Tytus; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| A Weissenberg rheogoniometer was used to measure the viscosity and normal stress for a series of high viscosity silicone fluids that were used in despin moment studies of a spinning and coning cylinder. The measurements indicated viscosity shear thinning and significant normal stress at high shear rates. The effect of this non-Newtonian fluid behavior on despin moment was then investigated. Two simple viscoelastic fluid constitutive models, a differential and second ... |
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| Solid-State (31)P Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) NMR Study of the Partitioning and Reaction of Organophosphorus Esters Adsorbed on Synthetic Resin Catalysts |
SEP 92 |
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| Authors:
William T. Beaudry; George W. Wagner; J. R. Ward; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| A powder containing sorptive and reactive resins that was developed for the removal and subsequent catalytic degradation of toxic organophosphorus esters in characterized using dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), p-nitrophenyl diphenyl phosphate (PNDP), and 31P MAS NMR. The results for DMMP confirm, spectroscopically, that adsorbed ester partitions between the sorptive and reactive resin components. Spectra of the DMMP surface probe adsorbed on the resin are indicative of two different adsorption sites, one ... |
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| Computer-Assisted Determination of Minimum Energy Conformations. 7. A pharmacophore Model of the Active Region of the Alpha2-Adrenoceptor |
SEP 92 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
William P. Ashman; A. P. Mickiewicz; Todd M. Nelson; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Molecular modeling and computational chemistry techniques are used to analyze compounds in developing pharmacophores of biological receptors to use as templates in structure activity relationship studies and to design new chemicals having physiological activity of interest. In this study, the results of x-ray crystal analyses and PM3 semi-empirical molecular orbital conformational analyses are used to determine the three-dimensional representations of selected adrenergic compounds known to be agonists with the alpha2-adrenoceptor ... |
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| Use of Statistics in Computational Chemistry |
SEP 92 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Amnon Birenzvige; Larry M. Sturdivan; George R. Famini; P. N. Krishnan; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| The physical and chemical properties of various molecules, calculated by three different semi-empirical methods (MNDO, AM1, and PM3) are compared to experimental values using rigorous statistical analysis. The results show that the best method for calculating physical/ chemical properties depends on the property and that no one method is adequate to calculate all the physical properties. Furthermore, by employing appropriate statistical tools, we were able to determine the precision and ... |
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| Material Selection Guide Derived from Material - Chemical Compatibility Database: Feasibility Based on Database and Predictive Model Evaluation |
SEP 92 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Wendel J. Shuely; James J. McNeely; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| The identification and selection of materials survivable in an NBC environment is an important consideration throughout the Department of Defense. The U.S. Army Chemical Research, Development and Engineering Center was asked by other services to evaluate the feasibility of compiling a list of materials that are survivable in a CB environment and compatible with current decontamination substances. The feasible characteristics of a candidate NBCCS Materials Guide are discussed herein. Thermodynamic ... |
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| High School Apprenticeship: Eleven Years of Benefits to the U.S. Army Chemical Research, Development and Engineering Center |
SEP 92 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
Robert R. Gavlinski; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| This report summarizes the High School Science and Engineering Apprentice Program (SEAP) for 11 years at the CRDEC. Data is presented for each year to include the high schools that were represented and quantity of students selected from each school. Summary information is presented on the titles of the research activity for the students. The initial version of this report was assembled as a presentation for a Conference on Science, ... |
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| Silicon Neuron |
AUG 92 |
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| Authors:
Richard G. Vanderbeek; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Many researchers have developed neural architectures based on extremely simplified models of neurons. Recently, researchers have developed an analog electronic model of a neuron that more accurately reproduces its biological counterpart. This electronic neuron was designed to emulate the ionic currents present in biological neurons. Based on this neural model, we designed and fabricated an eight input neuron on a 2mm by 2mm 40 pin VLSI (very large scale integrated) ... |
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| Correlation for Non-Linear Infrared Calibration Curves |
AUG 92 |
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| Authors:
John J. Mahle; Leonard C. Buettner; David E. Tevault; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| An analytical expression has been identified which can be used to correlate absorbance versus concentration for gas phase infrared monitors. This expression can be used to correlate both positive and negative deviations from Beer's Law. Calibration data for several vapors has been measured. Correlation of this data provided a good fit over a wide range of concentration and absorbance. Correlation, Infrared analyzer, Beer's law deviations. |
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| Removal of THD from Painted Test Panels by Liquid Systems |
AUG 92 |
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| Authors:
Yu-Chu Yang; Kurt Goergens; Manfred Zillmer; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| More than 40 nonreactive liquid systems were systematically evaluated against the removal of THD. On panels with nonsorptive paint, high decontamination efficacy was achieved by nonreactive systems, which rapidly solubilized the THD. Adding reactants to these-systems did not change the results. Chemical reaction alone could not remove the THD when the solvent failed to solubilize it rapidly. Consequently, solubilization was sufficient and necessary for achieving high efficacy. The following exception ... |
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| Use of Protein A as the Primary Layer in Fluorescent Microsphere Technology |
AUG 92 |
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| Authors:
Sheila J. Wood; Rosalyn Slease; William A. Petri; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Six unique monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to the galactose-binding adherence lectin of Entamoeba histolytica were assessed for their abilities to bind protein A, using BIAcore. Of the six antibodies tested, mAb H85, specific for pathogenic strains, showed the greatest degree of binding to Protein A. Therefore, protein A was used as a surface layer on microspheres to which mAbs H85 and 3F4 were attached. Conversion of this method to microsphere agglutination ... |
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| Computer-Assisted Determination of Minimum Energy Conformations, 7. Structure Sedative Activity of Detomidine Analogues |
AUG 92 |
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| Authors:
William P. Ashman; Todd M. Nelson; Brian H. Meehan; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| A series of detomidine-like arylalkyl imidazoles and compounds known to be agonists at the alpha2 adrenergic receptor were studied to identify structural, electrostatic, and physicochemical parameters related to sedative activity. Semiempirical (AM1, PM3) quantum chemical calculations determined the lowest energy conformations and electrostatic parameters of each compound. A molecular modeling analysis for compound/'proposed adrenoceptor pharmacophore' interaction provided additional features for analysis. Multiple regression analysis correlated each compound's octanol/water partition coefficient, ... |
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| DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A BROMOBUTYL/NATURAL RUBBER FORMULATION AND OZONE TEST FOR USE IN THE PRODUCTION OF THE M43 MASK. |
01 JUL 1992 |
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| Authors:
CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| THE WORK DESCRIBED IN THIS REPORT WAS CONDUCTED FOR THE U.S. ARMY CHEMICAL, RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER (CRDEC). THE PRINCIPAL RESULTS OF THE WORK ARE THE EVALUATION OF A NUMBER OF BROMOBUTYL/NATURAL RUBBER FORMULATIONS FOR THEIR RESPECTIVE OZONE DAMAGE RESISTANCE, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN OZONE DEGRADATION TEST FOR USE IN THE PRODUCTION OF THE M43 MASK. |
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| Back-Propagation Network for Analog Signal Separation in High Noise Environments |
JUL 92 |
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| Authors:
Richard G. Vanderbeek; Alice M. Harper; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| A back-propagation network is compared with principal components regression and prefiltered linear regression to demonstrate its ability to separate overlapped analog signals in high noise environments. Specifically, the signals tested were synthetically generated chemical mixture spectra that simulate the type of data obtained from chromatography and photo-spectrometry. The individual spectrum are heavily overlapped and 30 percent random noise and a random dc has been added to them. The comparisons were ... |
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| Metal-Ion Catalyzed Oxidation of a G-Agent Simulant by Oxone |
JUL 92 |
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| Authors:
D. R. Leslie; J. R. Ward; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| By means of the ability of oxone to oxidize sulphur, oxone has been shown to be a rapid decontaminant for mustard or VX. G-agents, such as sarin or soman, are difficult to oxidize, and all means to decontaminate sarin or soman are based on hydrolysis. To see if oxone might have utility as a general decontaminant, experiments were run to see if the ability of oxone to destroy organophosphorus esters ... |
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| Operational Dead Air Space Testing of the Chemically Protected Deployable Medical Systems (CP DEPMEDS) |
JUL 92 |
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| Authors:
A. Seitzinger; T. Richardson; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| This report documents the results and findings of dead air space tests on the chemically protected deployable medical systems (DEPMEDS) conducted at Fort Indiantown Gap, PA. The DEPMEDS are composed of various size overpressurized chemically protected shelters connected by viaducts. Designed by the U.S. Army Natick Research, Development and Engineering Center (NATICK), the shelters provide a clean air conditioned atmosphere to treat wounded personnel in a chemical warfare environment. NATICK ... |
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| Catalog of Chemicals Contained in Chemical Detector, Decontaminating, and Training Kits |
JUL 92 |
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| Authors:
Peter Spaeth; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| This pamphlet provides reference information to Government-operated poison control centers and medical aid stations to be used in providing emergency treatment to anyone accidentally exposed to the chemical substances incorporated as part of the various kits. This document identifies chemical substances incorporated into the kits, and also, where possible, gives a description of the substance form and the quantity of substance(s) in that form. Information contained in this pamphlet is ... |
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| Vapor Pressure Data Analysis Methodology, Statistics, and Applications |
JUL 92 |
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| Authors:
Elwin C. Penski; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| A method of fitting vapor pressure temperature data to the Antoine equation is described along with a detailed statistical analysis of the fits and calculations of vapor pressures, enthalpies of vaporization, volatilities (concentration of saturated vapors), and boiling points with the Antoine constants. It is shown that the number of digits required to accurately perform vapor pressure calculations is greater than previously believed. The system permits calculation of the limits ... |
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| In Vitro System for the Assessment of the Potential Antifertility Affect of Chemicals |
JUL 92 |
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| Authors:
R. J. Young; T. Iturralde; W. C. Starke; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| The medium and culture conditions that support rabbit sperm cell motility development of hyperactive motion were determined. Sperm motility was excellent when cultured in defined medium (DM) supplemented with heat inactivated rabbit, calf, or horse serum; but cell viability was poor. Cell viability was improved in DM alone or in Biggers, Whittingham, and Whitten medium but was best when incubated in Toyoda and Chang or T6 mediums. Hyperactive motion developed ... |
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| 1,1,2-Trichloro, 1,2,2-Trifluoroethane (CFC-113) and Water Isotherm Measurements on Impregnated and Unimpregnated Activated Carbons |
JUL 92 |
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| Authors:
Donna L. Carlile; David K. Friday; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Impregnated and unimpregnated activated carbon samples were characterized by measuring adsorption equilibria for water and 1,1,2 trichloro, 1,2,2 trifluoroethane (CFC-113). Water adsorption and desorption isotherms were measured at relative humidities (RH) between 20 and 98% at 303 K. The performance of each of these carbons against low boiling toxic vapors at various RH may be estimated using these data. The CFC-113 isotherms were measured at 298 and 348 K over ... |
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| Detection of GF Using Ion Mobility Spectrometry |
JUL 92 |
|
| Authors:
Donald B. Shoff; Lynn D. Hoffland; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate (GF) vapor was analyzed using an Ion Mobility Spectrometer (IMS) coupled to a Mass Spectrometer and with a handheld IMS, Chemical Agent Monitor (CAM). The reduced mobility (KO) and ion- molecule identity were determined for the detected ions. Acetone and water were used as the reagents in this study. The IMS signature of GF was compared to that of the closely related agent GD (Soman).... Ion Mobility Spectrometry, ... |
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| Delisting Toxicity Evaluation of HTH and Oxone(Trade Name) Decontaminated VX |
JUL 92 |
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| Authors:
J. H. Manthei; D. H. Heitkamp; L. C. Buettner; E. M. Lawrence- Beckett; J. B. Samuel; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| The acute percutaneous (bare skin) LD50 was determined for EA 2192 in the rabbit. Also established were the effective doses (ED50s) for the major toxic signs observed. Dermal, Department of Transportation (DOT), tests with rabbits indicated that VX/HTH decontaminated waste is a Class B poison after being aged only 24 hr following initiation of the decontamination procedure. The same reaction, when allowed to age through about 2 half-lives (28-30 days), ... |
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| Measurement of a Michelson Interferometer Mirror Velocity With a Time Interval Analyzer |
JUL 92 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
R. J. Combs; R. B. Knapp; C. T. Cathey; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| This report documents the design, construction, and implementation of a time interval analyzer (TIA). The TIA is a precision counter that measures the dynamic variation in the time intervals (i.e., frequency) of a signal. The helium-neon (HeNe) laser signal from the servo mirror control circuitry of the interferometer provides a nearly constant frequency source. The HeNe signal frequency is directly proportional to the interferometer mirror velocity. A constant velocity is ... |
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| Response Time of a Short-Scan Interferometer for Stand-Off Detection of Chemical Agents |
JUL 92 |
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| Authors:
Roger J. Combs; Robert B. Knapp; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Three approaches have been developed to generate changing radiant energy backgrounds for passive interferometric infrared sensor under controlled laboratory conditions. The first method uses a chopper. The chopper modulates a blackbody radiant energy source, which irradiates the interferometer. The chopper modulation permits an optical evaluation of the interferometer mirror velocity. The second method implements a rotating mirror to vary the interferometer field of view (FOV) in a repeatable manner. The ... |
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| U.S. Army Chemical Research, Development and Engineering Center's Participation in the Summer Faculty Programs |
JUL 92 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Mary l. Doak; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Each year, CRDEC annually sponsors the Summer Faculty Research and Engineering Program (SFREP) and the Summer Associateship Program for High School Science and Mathematics Faculty (HSSMF). These summer programs are administered by the U.S. Army Research Office, Research Triangle Park, NC. Under the auspices of the SFREP, university professors are awarded up to a 12-week summer position at a Government laboratory/center to conduct or assist in a research or engineering ... |
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| CHEMICAL VAPOR DETECTION AND MAPPING WITH A MULTISPHERICAL THERMAL IMAGER. |
08 JUN 1992 |
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| Authors:
MARK L.G. ALTHOUSE; Chein-I. Chang; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| DETECTION OF CHEMICAL VAPOR CLOUDS HAS BEEN A MILITARY PRIORITY SINCE THE FIRST USE OF CHEMICAL WARFARE. THE FLIR (FORWARD LOOKING INFRARED) IS WIDELY USED IN THE MILITARY FOR TARGET ACQUISITION AND NIGHT VISION. CHEMICAL VAPORS ARE SPECTRALLY ACTIVE IN THE 8-12 MICRON BAND WHERE FLIRs OPERATE. SEVERAL MILITARY PROGRAMS HAVE ATTEMPTED TO ADAPT THE FLIR FOR CHEMICAL DETECTION. A NAVY FLIR HAS BEEN DEPLOYED FOR CHEMICAL SENSING. IT IS ... |
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| MONITORING LEWISITE DECOMPOSITION IN THE ENVIRONMENT BY HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY. |
08 JUN 1992 |
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| Authors:
P. C. BOSSLE; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| LEWISITE IS HYDROLYZED RAPID AND QUANTITATIVELY IN ENVIRONMENTAL WATERS TO THE STABLE, WATER SOLUBLE DERIVATIVE, 2-CHLOROVINYLARSONOUS ACID (CVAA). IN THE PRESENCE OF ATMOSPHERIC OXYGEN, FURTHER DECOMPOSITION IS THROUGH TO GRADUALLY OCCUR WITH THE FORMATION OF 2-CHLOROVINYLARSONIC ACID (CVAOA). LIKE LEWISITE, CVAA AND CVAOA ARE ALSO POTENT VESICANTS. PREVIOUSLY PUBLISHED METHODOLOGY FOR ANALYZING CVAA AND CVAOA IN ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES SIMPLY MEASURED THE NON-SPECIFIC ARSENIC PRESENT USING ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY. HIGH PERFORMANCE ... |
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| LASER VAPORIZATION/IONIZATION IN MASS SPECTROMETRY OF BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS. |
08 JUN 1992 |
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| Authors:
C. C. CHOU; S. R. LONG; R. M. SERINO; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| MASS SPECTROMETRIC STUDIES OF BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL HAVE BEEN GREATLY FACILITATED BY THE LASER DESORPTION/IONIZATION TECHNIQUE. THE CAPABILITY OF LD/I IS ENHANCED BY MIXING THE SAMPLE WITH APPROPRIATE MATRIX MATERIALS AND MIXED WITH MATRICES FROM A VARIETY OF SUBSTRATES IN A FOURIER TRANSFORM MASS SPECTROMETER UTILIZING 248 NM LASER RADIATION. THE ABILITY TO DISCRIMINATE ISOMERIC PEPTIDES IS DEMONSTRATED USING PHE-GLY-PHE-GLY AND PHE-GLY-GLY-PHE. INSIGHT INTO DESORPTION MECHANISMS HAS BEEN GAINED BY STUDYING ... |
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| APPLYING COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES TO SIMULANT TECHNOLOGY. |
08 JUN 1992 |
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| Authors:
Philip W. Bartram; George R. Famini; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| THE APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTERS TO CHEMICAL PROBLEMS HAS LEAD TO THE EMERGENCE OF A NEW FIELD OF CHEMISTRY, COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY. THIS SUB-DISCIPLINE INCORPORATES THE AREAS OF QUANTUM MECHANICS, THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY, MOLECULAR MODELING, AND OTHER ASSOCIATED CHEMICAL AND MATHEMATICAL TOOLS WHICH UTILIZE COMPUTER TECHNIQUE TO DERIVE SOLUTIONS TO CHEMICAL PROBLEMS. WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF EASY-TO-USE COMPUTER PROGRAMS, AND THE INCREASED SPEED IN WHICH CALCULATIONS CAN BE MADE, COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY IS BEING ... |
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| PROTECTION FACTOR TESTING OF THE MCU-2A/P MASK WITH THE AUDIOPACK VOICE PROJECTION UNIT (VPU). |
01 JUN 1992 |
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| Authors:
WILLAIM A. MCCULLOUGH; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| ANALYTICAL TESTING OF THE AUDIOPACK VOICE PROJECTION UNIT WITH THE MCU-2A/P MASK WAS CONDUCTED AT THE U.S. ARMY CHEMICAL RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEER ING CENTER (CRDEC), ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MD. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS EVALUATION WAS TO DETERMINE IF THE MCU-2A/P, WITH OR WITHOUT THE VOICE PROJECTION UNIT PROVIDES THE REQUIRED PROTECTION TO THE FACE, EYES AND RESPIRATORY TRACT OF THE WEARER FROM FIELD CONCENTRATIONS OF CHEMICAL AGENTS. |
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| PRE- AND POST- ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING OF THE AUDIOPACK MODEL B-182 VOICE PROJECTION UNIT WITH THE M40 CHEMICAL-BIOLOGICAL PROTECTIVE MASK. |
01 JUN 1992 |
|
| Authors:
WILLAIM A. MCCULLOUGH; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| ANALYTICAL TESTING OF THE AUDIOPACK MODEL B-182 VOICE PROJECTION UNIT WITH THE M40 CHEMICAL-BIOLOGICAL PROTECTIVE MASK WAS CONDUCTED AT THE U.S. ARMY CHEMICAL RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER (CRDEC), ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MD. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS EVALUATION WAS TO DETERMINE IF THE M40, WITH OR WITHOUT THE MODEL B-182 VOICE PROJECTION UNIT PROVIDES THE REQUIRED PROTECTION TO THE FACE, EYES AND RESPIRATORY TRACT OF THE WEARER FROM FIELD CONCENTRATIONS ... |
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| Evaluation of Kinetic Data to Discern Stereospecific Reactions of Toxic Organophosphorus Fluorides |
JUN 92 |
|
| Authors:
J. R. Ward; Johnnie M. Albizo; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Neurotoxins, such as soman, sarin, or tabun, contain a chiral phosphorus center producing stereoisomers, which have been shown to have marked differences in toxicity or the rate at which the isomers inhibit acetylcholinesterase. The neurotoxins are detoxified with strong caustic or bleach; research is underway to find novel catalysts or other reagents that are less deleterious to skin or material. One frequently overlooked aspect of such research is to test ... |
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| Acute Inhalation Toxicity Effects of Explosively Disseminated - - XM82 Grenade - - Titanium Dioxide |
JUN 92 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Roger J. Hilaski; Jeffrey D. Bergmann; John C. Carpin; William T. Muse Jr; Sandra A. Thomson; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is the major component for a proposed training smoke grenade (XM82). The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists has classified TiO2 as a 'nuisance dust' with threshold limit value of 10 mg/m3 of total dust (<1% quartz). Adverse pulmonary effects from TiO2 occur only when lung clearance mechanisms are overwhelmed. The purpose of this study was to determine acute toxicological effects in rats exposed by inhalation to ... |
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| Reactions of Chemical Warfare Agents With DS2: Product Identification by NMR. 1. Organophosphorus Compounds |
JUN 92 |
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| Authors:
William T. Beaudry; Linda L. Szafraniec; Leslie D. Ralph; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Multinuclear NMR (31P and 13C) was used to monitor the reactions--of GA, GB, GD, VX, and O,S-diethyl methylphosphonothiolate (DEMPS) with DS2. The organophosphorus products from the primary and secondary reactions in DS2 were identified. Variations in the reaction profiles as a function of time and added water provided valuable insight into the mechanism of action of DS2 and the important factors influencing its effectiveness. It was found that low concentrations ... |
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| Implementation of DOP Replacement with Selected Materials in Mask and Filter Testing Penetrometer Machines |
JUN 92 |
188 pages |
| Authors:
Hugh R. Carlon; Mark A. Guelta; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| In April 1986, the U.S. Army's Office of the Surgeon General (OTSG) took the position that dioctyl phthalate (DOP) is a suspected carcinogen. The U. S. Army had used DOP for many decades for nondestructive serviceability testing of respirator canisters and protective filters and in a variety of aerosol penetration studies including mask leakage and face fit. The present program to find a safe material was initiated in September 1987, ... |
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| Cholinesterase Assay for Monitoring the Kinetics of the JD6.5 Organophosphorus Acid Anhydrase in Detoxification of Diisopropylfluorophosphate |
JUN 92 |
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| Authors:
Homer R. Yeh; Tu-chen Cheng; Joseph J. DeFrank; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| In the present studies, cholinesterase was used for monitoring the enzymatic activities of the JD6.5 organophosphorus acid anhydrase. The kinetic data indicated that: (1) the first order of kinetic constants (k) and Vmax values of the enzymatic reactions increased as the concentrations of the enzyme increased; (2) while the half-life (tl/2) of diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) hydrolysis decreased as the enzyme concentrations increased; (3) the minimum time required for hydrolysis of 9mM ... |
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| Computer-Assisted Determination of Minimum Energy Conformations. 5. Bis- 1-Methylpyridinium Compounds Containing 1,4-Diacetylbenzene Linkage Between the Pyridine Moieties: Relationships With Acetylcholinesterase Activity |
JUN 92 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
William P. Ashman; Fu-Lian Hsu; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| To achieve optimized geometries using the empirical Molecular Mechanics II computer program, conformational analyses were performed on three- dimensional representations of selected bispyridinium compounds having 1,4- diacetylbenzene linkage between the pyridine moieties. Three-dimensional atom Cartesian coordinates for the minimum energy conformations of the compounds are reported. Optimized geometries were also calculated for pyridostigmine, hexamethonium, octamethonium, and decamethonium. The resultant geometries were used to develop structure-activity relationships for AChE inhibition. The ... |
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| Use of Daphnia Magna to Assess Potentially Contaminated Buildings |
JUN 92 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
M. V. Haley; C. W. Kurnas; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Random concrete core samples taken from a loading dock were used in determining the toxicity of concrete to Daphnia magna. The cores were ground to powder and analyzed for volatiles and chemical agents before being subjected to aquatic toxicology studies using Daphnia magna. Particle size, pH, and ion exchange mechanisms were investigated as par of methodology development. No effects were observed in daphnia exposed to concrete concentrations up to 4000 ... |
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| Limits of Applicability of the Barber and Hill T-Matrix Code |
JUN 92 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Jerold R. Bottiger; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Documentation accompanying the Barber and Hill T-matrix codes for scattering by axisymmetric particles is incomplete regarding the size of particles to which it is applicable. We have calculated the convergence parameters for many spheroidal particles with a variety of sizes, aspect ratios, and refractive indices to indicate the range of particles that are amenable to Barber and Hill's code. To expedite the calculations, the T-matrix program was modified so that ... |
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| Determination of a Unique Epitope Binding Site for a Complement-Lysis- Enhancing Monoclonal Antibody, 3D12, on the Galactose Adherence Lectin of Entamoeba histolytica, Using BIAcore |
MAY 92 |
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| Authors:
Sheila J. Wood; William Petri Jr; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Mechanisms of pathogenicity used by Entamoeba histolytica to invade the bloodstream and cause liver abscess, include complement mediated lysis. Although pathogenic strains of E. histolytica become involved in immune functions by (1) activation of the alternate complement pathway, (2) binding of the C9 component of complement, and (3) depletion of active complement mediated hemolysis, the organism is not eliminated from the body by complement induced lysis. Monoclonal antibody (mAb) 3Dl2 ... |
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| Determination of Chemical Warfare Agents by Gas Chromatography: An Analysis of Errors |
MAY 92 |
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| Authors:
A. Birenzvige; S. F. Hallowell; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| An analysis of errors of determination of surety compounds in waste containers, using gas chromatography, was performed. The analysis identified major sources of error in the analytical process and sample preparation. The report demonstrates the importance of stringent quality assurance/quality control programs in the analytical laboratory.... Analysis of errors, Quality control, Human factors, Quality assurance. |
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| Quartz Tube, Curie-Point Wire and Ribbon Filament Pyrolyzate Characterization of Biological Materials with Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Techniques |
APR 92 |
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| Authors:
A. P. Snyder; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Detection Directorate of the U.S. Army Chemical Research, Development and Engineering Center has outlined a need in the Reconnaissance, Detection and Identification (RDI) Master Plan for field deployable systems that not only detect CW agents, but also biological agents. The detection characteristics of biological compounds represent a formidable leap with respect to CW agents. The former are of very high molecular weight and span a few thousand to many millions ... |
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