| Structural Studies on Intact Clostridium botulinum Neurotoxins Complexed with Inhibitors Leading to Drug Design |
FEB 2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Subramanyam Swaminathan; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
 | This is an annual report in no cost extension period. In this period we have identified several compounds via virtual screening. These compounds include small molecules transition state analogues and benzimidazoles. We have determined the crystal structure of BoNT/E with the substrate tetra peptide containing the scissile bond. |
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| Structural Studies on Toxins and Virulence Factors of Yersinia pestis |
Feb-2008 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Subramanyan Swaminathan; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| In this final report we present our efforts on two or three fronts. We were working on the expression purification and crystallization of complexes of YopB and YopD with other proteins like their chaperones. We have made progress in purifying YopB:YopD:SycD complex. However this is a challenging process and the amount of homologous protein is a problem. Since the expression levels of different components of the complex are different the ... |
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| Structural Studies on Intact Clostridium botulinum Neurotoxins Complexed with Inhibitors Leading to Drug Design |
FEB 2007 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
S. Swaminathan; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| This is the fifth annual report under the no cost extension period. In this period we have completed the BoNT/B light chain (full length) structure and the manuscript is ready for submission. The virtual screening of inhibitors with BoNT/E light chain was reported in the last report and we are continuing on that. Due to lack of personnel our plan to continue the same with BoNT/B and A light chains ... |
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| A System for Discovering Bioengineered Threats by Knowledge Base Driven Mining of Toxin Data |
AUG 2006 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
S. Swaminathan; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| This project was funded to establish a Toxin Knowledge Base (TKB) which will encompass information about bacterial toxins in general and toxins relevant to biodefense, in particular. The overall goal of this project is to establish an easy to use database viz. a Knowledge Base to populate itself and expand using machine learning techniques, to make it more dynamic. It is designed to be a bioinformatics resource focused on molecular ... |
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| Structural Studies on Toxins and Virulence Factors of Yersinia Pestis |
JUL 2006 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
S. Swaminathan; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| In this annual report we present our continuing efforts on two or three fronts. We are working on the expression purification and crystallization of complexes of YopB and YopD with other proteins like their chaperones. We have made progress in purifying YopB:YopD:SycD complex. If successful this will help in understanding the translocation mechanism of effector proteins. Our crystallization efforts on YopH and SycD are continuing. |
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| Structural Studies on Intact Clostridium Botulinum Neurotoxins Complexed with Inhibitors Leading to Drug Design |
FEB 2006 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Subramanyam Swaminathan; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| In this fourth annual report we present our progress on several fronts. We have identified a number of inactive mutants of BoNT/E-LC which may be potentially used as vaccine candidates. Crystal structures of several catalytic domains of clostridial neurotoxins have been determined and it has been shown that there is a commonality of the architecture of the active site. Accordingly it must be possible to design a common drug for ... |
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| Structural Studies on Toxins and Virulence Factors of Yersinia Pestis |
01 JUL 2005 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Subramanyam Swaminathan; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| In this second annual report, we present our progress on two different areas, protein production and crystallization. We are working on expression and purification of Yop proteins and their complexes. We have made progress in purifying YopB; SycD complex. We are also purifying Yop B, D and E complex to understand the translocation machinery. |
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| Structural Studies on Intact Clostridium Botulinum Neurotoxins Complexed with Inhibitors Leading to Drug Design |
FEB 2005 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Subramanyam Swaminathan; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| In this third annual report we present our progress on two different areas. We have identified two ganglioside binding sites in tetanus toxin. While one is common to botulinum toxins, the other is unique for tetanus. The second unique site also binds a tri-peptide which suggests that this peptide could be used as an inhibitor for tetanus, at least. We have determined the structure of the C fragment of botulinum ... |
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| A System for Discovering Bioengineered Threats by Knowledge Base Driven Mining of Toxin Data |
AUG 2004 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Subramanyam Swaminathan; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| The overall goal of this project is to establish a Toxin Knowledge Base (TKB) a bioinformatics resource primarily focused on molecular information about toxins and other virulence factors that are the natural products of biological and potential biological warfare (BW and PBW) agents. The resource will be ruined to assimilate, synthesize, analyze and disseminate genomic and structural information on BW and PBW genes and their products. The TKB will be ... |
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| Structural Studies on Toxins and Virulence Factors of Yersinia pestis |
JUL 2004 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Subramanyam Swaminathan; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| In this first annual report we present our progress on two different areas, protein production and crystallization. We are working on expression and purification of Yop proteins and their complexes. In the first year we learnt reasons why some of the Yop proteins are not crystallizing. We are using a novel approach of making complexes with synthetic peptides or partner proteins to overcome this problem. In the case of LcrV, ... |
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| Human Factors Engineering Program Review Model |
01-Feb-2004 |
117 pages |
| Authors:
J M O'Hara; J C Higgins; J J Persensky; P M Lewis; J P Bongarra; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| This document is used by the staff of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to review the human factors engineering (HFE) programs of applicants for construction permits, operating licenses, standard design certifications, combined operating licenses, and for license amendments. The purpose of these reviews is to verify that accepted HFE practices and guidelines are incorporated into the applicant's HFE program. The review methodology provides a basis for performing reviews that address the ... |
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| Structural Studies on Intact Clostridium Botulinum Neurotoxins Complexes with Inhibitors Leading to Drug Design |
FEB 2004 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Subramanyam Swaminathan; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| In this second annual report we present our progress on three different areas. We are working on intact BoNT/B to identify small molecules that could be used to block the toxic activity. In this respect, we have discovered that two calcium ions are bound to BoNT/B and that at least one of them plays an important role in the translocation of the catalytic domain into the cytosol. We propose that ... |
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| Ultraviolet Raman Spectral Signatures in Support of Lisa (Laser Interrogation of Surface Agents) |
01-Jul-2003 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
STEVE CHRISTESEN; Sedlacek; Arthur J III; Charles C Finfrock; Tom Chyba; Scott Higdon; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| SBCCOM/PNBC and ITT Industries are in a Cost-sharing venture on the development of LISARecon (Laser Interrogation of Surface Agents). This engineering, testing and evaluation effort uses a novel mini-Raman lidar technique for on-the-move, short-range, non-contact detection and identification of chemical agents on the battlefield. Unlike traditional lidar, LISA-Recon is specifically designed to analyze ground/surface contamination at a distance of approximately 1 meter. It is envisioned that the finished unit will ... |
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| Differential Expression of DNA Double-Strand Break Repair Proteins in Breast Cells |
JUL 2003 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Carl W. Anderson; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| Two mechanisms that repair DNA double-strand breaks in mammalian cells are homologous recombination and non-homologous DNA end-joining (NHEJ). Previous studies showed that a critical component of the NHEJ pathway, the DNA- activated protein kinase (DNA-PK), was poorly expressed in non-lactating (resting) breast tissue. Therefore, we proposed to identify the mechanisms responsible for regulating levels of non-homologous end-joining DNA repair components in human breast tissue and to measure the DNA double-strand ... |
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| Structural Studies on Intact Clostridium Botulinum Neurotoxins Complexed With Inhibitors Leading to Drug Design |
FEB 2003 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Subramanyam Swaminathan; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| In this first annual report we present our progress in three of the Statement of Work. In addition we have included our work being done in collaboration with Walter Reed Army - Institute of Research. Structural work with Clostridium botulinum B and a potential inhibitor, SABIM, is reported. Though it was predicted that it would bind to the active site, we have shown that it binds at two sites in ... |
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| Differential Expression of DNA Double-Strand Break Repair Proteins in Breast Cells |
JUL 2002 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Carl W. Anderson; Mangale Tawde; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| Two mechanisms that repair DNA double-strand breaks in mammalian cells are homologous recombination and non-homologous DNA end-joining (NHEJ). Previous studies showed that a critical component of the NHEJ pathway, the DNA- activated protein kinase (DNA-PK), was poorly expressed in non-lactating (resting) breast tissue. Therefore, we proposed to identify the mechanisms responsible for regulating levels of non-homologous end-joining DNA repair components in human breast tissue and to measure the DNA double-strand ... |
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| PET Imaging of Estrogen Metabolism in Breast Cancer |
JUN 2002 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Yu-Shin Ding; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| We propose that estrogen metabolism in breast cancer can be imaged with positron emission tomography (PET). It is well known that many breast tumors associate with estrogen and the presence of catecholestrogens in breast tumors cause changes in the DNA which may lead to uncontrolled cell growth. Catecholestrogens are broken down by an enzyme called catechol-O- methyltransferase (COMT). COMT is known to be elevated in malignant breast tumors, and abnormal ... |
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| Creating an "Electromagnetic Interference Risk Distribution Map" In the Modern Hospital |
25 OCT 2001 |
|
| Authors:
B. Spyropoulos; D. Glotsos; D. Batistatos; I. Marneris; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
 | Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) from various sources can cause medical monitoring equipment and other hospital devices to malfunction, that can range from mere inconvenience to serious problems. Comprehensive induced Magnetic Field and Real Electromotive Force measurements have been carried out and properly documented in the form of an "on line risk distribution map" covering all departments in the General District Anti-Cancer Hospital of Piraeus "Metaxa". |
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| Differential Expression of DNA Double-Strand Break Repair Proteins in Breast Cells |
JUL 2001 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Carl W. Anderson; Mangala Tawde; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| Two mechanisms that repair DNA double-strand breaks in mammalian cells are homologous recombination and non-homologous DNA end-joining (NHEJ). Previous studies showed that a critical component of the NHEJ pathway, the DNA- activated protein kinase (DNA-PK), was poorly expressed in non-lactating (resting) breast tissue. Therefore, we proposed to identify the mechanisms responsible for regulating levels of non-homologous end-joining DNA repair components in human breast tissue and to measure the DNA double-strand ... |
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| PET Imaging of Estrogen Metabolism in Breast Cancer |
JUN 2001 |
126 pages |
| Authors:
Yu-Shin Ding; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| We propose that estrogen metabolism in breast cancer can be imaged with positron emission tomography (PET). It is well known that many breast tumors associate with estrogen and the presence of catecholestrogens in breast tumors cause changes in the DNA which may lead to uncontrolled cell growth. Catecholestrogens are broken down by an enzyme called catechol-O- methyltransferase (COMT). COMT is known to be elevated in malignant breast tumors, and abnormal ... |
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| Advanced Coatings from Natural-Based Polymers for Metals |
JUL 2000 |
113 pages |
| Authors:
Toshifumi Sugama; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| In trying to replace coating materials or processes that generate environmentally degrading pollutants or emissions, the focus centered on the molecular modifications of the environmentally green natural polysaccharide biopolymers originating from pectin, starch, and chitosan as renewable agricultural and marine resources, and on assessing their potential as the corrosion-preventing water-based coatings for aluminum (Al) substrates. The modified polysaccharide coatings resolved the following five undesirable ... |
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| PET Imaging of Estrogen Metabolism in Breast Cancer |
JUN 2000 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Yu-Shin Ding; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| It is well known that many breast tumors associate with estrogen and the presence of catecholestrogens in breast tumors cause changes in the DNA which may lead to uncontrolled cell growth. Catecholestrogens are broken down by an enzyme called catechol-O- methyltransferase (COMT). COMT is known to be elevated in malignant breast tumors, and abnormal COMT genetics have recently been found in individuals with breast cancer. We have developed LSFro4I%o96o, the ... |
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| Human Systems Interface and Plant Modernization Process: Technical Basis and Human Factors Review Guidance |
01-Mar-2000 |
138 pages |
| Authors:
W F Stubler; J M O'Hara; J C Higgins; J Kramer; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| Hybrid human-system interfaces (HSIs) result from the combination of new (e.g., digital) and traditional technologies. New demands may be imposed on personnel in operating and maintaining these systems. These demands may result from many factors including the characteristics of the new technologies, the characteristics of the mixture of new and traditional technologies, the process by which the hybrid HSI is developed and used, and the way in which personnel are ... |
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| Maintainability of Digital Systems: Technical Basis and Human Factors Review Guidance |
01-Mar-2000 |
128 pages |
| Authors:
W F Stubler; J C Higgins; J Kramer; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| There is currently a trend in nuclear power plants (NPPs) toward introducing digital technology into safety and non-safety systems. However, this equipment has characteristics different from older analog equipment and is susceptible to additional failure modes. Inadequate integration of digital systems into operating and maintenance practices, and inadequate understanding of the intricacies of software-based digital systems on the part of technicians and operators, can result in failures that render systems ... |
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| Digital I&C Systems in Nuclear Power Plants. Risk-Screening of Environmental Stressors and a Comparison of Hardware Unavailability With an Existing Analog System |
Jan-1998 |
116 pages |
| Authors:
M Hassan; W E Vesely; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| In this report, we present a screening study to identify environmental stressors for digital instrumentation and control (I&C) systems in a nuclear power plant (NPP) which can be potentially risk-significant, and compare the hardware unavailability of such a system with that of its existing analog counterpart. The stressors evaluated are temperature, humidity, vibration, radiation, electro-magnetic interference (EMI), and smoke. The results of risk-screening for an example plant, subject to some ... |
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| Flat Beams in a 50 TeV Hadron Collider |
1996 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
S. Peggs; M. Harrison; F. Pilat; M. Syphers; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| The basic beam dynamics of a next generation 50 x 50 TeV hadron collider based on a high field magnet approach have been outlined over the past several years. Radiation damping not only produces small emittances, but also flat beams, just as in electron machines. Based on Snowmass 96 parameters, we investigate the issues associated with flat beams in very high energy hadron colliders. ... |
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| Lattice Optimization for a Really Large Hadron Collider (RLHC) |
1996 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
S. Peggs; F. Deli; M. Harrison; M. Syphers; S. Tepikian; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| Long arc cells would lead to major cost savings in a high field high Tc hadron collider, operating in the regime of significant synchrotron radiation. Two such lattices, with half cell lengths of 110 and 260 m, are compared. Both allow flexible tuning, and have large dynamic apertures when dominated by chromatic sextupoles. Lattices with longer cells are much more sensitive to systematic magnet errors, ... |
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| Tolerable Systematic Errors in Really Large Hadron Collider Dipoles |
1996 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
S. Peggs; F. Dell; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| Maximum allowable systematic harmonics for arc dipoles in a Really Large Hadron Collider are derived. The possibility of half cell lengths much greater than 100 meters is justified. A convenient analytical model evaluating horizontal tune shifts is developed, and tested against a sample high field collider. |
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| Lattices for a High-Field 30 TeV Hadron Collider |
1996 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
S. Peggs; F. Dell; M. Harrison; M. Syphers; S. Tepikia; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| Long arc cells would lead to major cost savings in a high field high Tc hadron collider, operating in the regime of significant synchrotron radiation. Two such lattices, with half cell lengths of 110 and 260 m, are compared. Both allow flexible tuning, and have large dynamic apertures when dominated by chromatic sextupoles. Lattices with longer cells are much more sensitive to systematic magnet errors, ... |
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| Interaction Region Analysis for A High-Field Hadron Collider |
1996 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Jie Wei; Stephen G. Peggs; Glen P. Goderre; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| The primary goal of the interaction region (IR) is to demagnify the transverse beam dimension to a small spot size at the interaction point (IP) to reach the required luminosity. With an experimental drift space of +/-25 m and a quadrupole focusing strength of 360 T/m at the triplets, a beta* of 0.1 m can be achieved at a beam energy of 50 TeV. Only two families of ... |
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| Crab Crossing in a Large Hadron Collider |
1996 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Jie Wei; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| Since its invention by Palmer in 1988, crab crossing has been explored by many people for both linear and storage ring colliders to allow for an angle crossing without a loss of luminosity. Various crab crossing scenarios have been incorporated in the design of newly proposed linear colliders and B- factory projects. For a hadron collider, this scheme can also be employed to lower beta* ... |
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| Surface Modification, Organometallic and Polyaryl Coatings, and Flame Spray Technologies for Preventing Corrosion of Metals. |
MAY 1995 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
T. Sugama; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| To improve adherent properties of electrogalvanized steel (EGS) to polymeric topcoats, the surfaces of EGS were modified by polyelectrolyte- modified zinc phosphating solution. The electrochemical reaction between phosphating solution and EGS led to the complete coverage with fully grown hopeite crystals after only 5 sec treatment, thereby improving adhesion to topcoating and providing protection of EGS against corrosion. To evaluate the ability of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) coatings to protect zinc ... |
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| Surface Scanning Techniques to Locate and Study Defects in Painted Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Steels, |
1995 |
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| Authors:
Hugh S. Isaacs; Antonio J. Aldykiewicz Jr.; Dominique Thierry; Theresa C. Simpson; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| Current density and impedance mapping measurements have been used to locate and monitor corrosion and defects on painted surfaces in solution. Measurements are reported for painted zinc and aluminum-zinc alloy coated steel surfaces. When scratched, current density mapping showed corrosion of the metal coating started at localized sites in both dilute chloride and sulfate solutions. Different scribing techniques were tested exposing only the metal coating and both the coating and ... |
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| Nondestructive Examination of DOE High-Level Waste Storage Tanks, |
1995 |
|
| Authors:
S. Bush; K. Bandyopadhyay; M. Kassir; B. Mather; P. Shewmon; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| A number of DOE sites have buried tanks containing high-level waste. Tanks of particular interest are double-shell inside concrete cylinders. A program has been developed for the inservice inspection of the primary tank containing high-level waste (HLW), for testing of transfer lines and for the inspection of the concrete containment where possible. Emphasis is placed on the ultrasonic examination of selected areas of the primary tank, coupled with a leak-detection ... |
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| The Energetics of Ordered Intermetallic Alloys (of the Transition Metals) |
1994 |
|
| Authors:
R. E. Watson; M. Weinert; J. W. Davenport; G. W. Fernando; L. H. Bennett; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| This paper concerned metals in some important way and contained information about, utilized, or discussed these subjects: basic topics: literature review materials related terms: cohesive energy, intermetallic containing alloys, laves phase, martensite, modulus of elasticity, phase diagram, phase stability, stoichiometry miscellaneous and special technical terms: transition metals. |
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| Characterization of Defects in Si and SiO2-Si Using Positrons. |
1994 |
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| Authors:
P. Asoka-Kumar; K. G. Lynn; D. O. Welch; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| In the past few years, there has been rapid growth in the positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) of overlayers, interfaces, and buried regions of semiconductors. There are few other techniques that are as sensitive as PAS to low concentrations of open-volume-type defects. The characteristics of the annihilation gamma rays depend strongly on the local environment of the annihilation sites and are used to probe defect concentrations in a range inaccessible to ... |
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| Intense Field Nonresonant Multiphoton Absorption of Diatomic Molecules, |
22 MAY 1992 |
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| Authors:
B. Yang; M. Saeed; L. F. Dimauro; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| We report on the multiple photon ionization and dissociation of hydrogen, deuterium, and deuterium hydride molecules in intense (8 x 10 to the 11th - 4 x 10 to the 13th W/sq. cm.) laser fields. The three isotopes give some insight into the intermediate states involved in the photoionization process. Our results support the dressed molecule picture at least qualitatively but differences de exist with the quantitative predictions. |
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| The Use of X-Ray Techniques in the In-Situ Study of Corrosion |
92 |
|
| Authors:
Hugh S. Isaacs; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| Applications of x-ray absorption and fluorescence techniques for in situ chemistry studies of passivity and localized corrosion have been described. X-ray absorption near edge structures showed that rapidly grown oxides on aluminum-chromium alloys incorporated chromium in the oxide. Repeated electrochemically induced changes between the chromium 3- and 6-valent state occurred without chromium dissolving. When the oxide was grow by small potential steps, the chromium dissolved when 6-valent chromate was formed. ... |
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| Interface Reactions in Bilayers of Aluminum and Nickel-Chromium Alloy. |
1992 |
|
| Authors:
S. M. Heald; Zhengquan Tan; J. K. D. Jayanetti; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| Glancing angle EXAFS and x-ray reflectivity are used to study the interface reaction between nickel-chromium alloys and aluminum. the two metals are found to react independently with al, with the first reactions taking place at temperatures similar to those found for the pure metals. this means that ni reacts first with al to form nial3, leaving behind a cr-rich region at the interface. in this cr-rich region some of the ... |
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| THE IAEA SYSTEM AND EXPERIENCE AS A MODEL FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT UNDER THE CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION. |
1992 |
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| Authors:
ALAN M. BIEBER JR.; RUTH C. KEMPF; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| SIMILARITIES IN THE VERIFICATION AIMS OF THE MONITORING REGIMES OF THE FUTURE ORGANIZATION FOR THE PROHIBITION OF CHEMICAL WEAPONS (OPCW) AND OF THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY (IAEA), MAKE THEIR GENERAL DATA REQUIREMENTS SIMILAR: DATA ARE NEEDED FOR PLANNING INSPECTIONS, FOR EVALUATING INSPECTIONS, AND FOR PREPARATION OF REPORTS ON COMPLIANCE WITH THE RELEVANT TREATY. IN THIS PAPER WE DISCUSS THE LEGAL, PROCEDURAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE BEHIND THE DATA SYSTEM ASSOCIATED ... |
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| Density and Defects in Thin Metal Films Using X-Ray Reflectivity and Variable-Energy Positrons. |
1992 |
|
| Authors:
S. M. Heald; B. Nielsen; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| X-ray reflectivity has been used to determine the absolute metal density for both metals in bilayers of Al on top of Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Pd. A large variation in density is found with an observed range of 0.87-1.0 of bulk values. The results can be correlated with changes in the defect character as determined by variable-energy positron measurements. The size of the open volume defects systematically increases ... |
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| Optical Properties of Epitaxial CoSi(2)/Si and CoSi(2) Particles in Si from 0.062 to 2.76 eV. |
1992 |
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| Authors:
Z. C. Wu; E. T. Arakawa; J. R. Jimenez; L. J. Schowalter; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| We have measured the optical properties of epitaxial CoSi(2) films on Si from 0.062 ti 2.76 eV by ellipsometry and spectrophotometry. The energy dependencies of the dielectric constants show Drude behavior at energies lower than approximately 0.2 eV with Drude parameters h-bar omega(plasma) = (5.8 +/- 0.2) eV and h-bar/tau = (0.09 +/- 0.02) eV. Using the measured optical constants, the CoSi(2) film is shown to have maximum absorptance at ... |
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| Glancing Angle X-Ray Study of the Effect of Oxygen on Interface Reactions in Al/Ni Bilayers. |
1991 |
|
| Authors:
S. M. Heald; E. V. Barrera; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| Glancing angle x-ray reflectivity and exafs measurements have been made on a series of uhv prepared al/ni bilayers with varying amounts of oxygen impurities. these samples show an intrinsic reacted region prior to annealing, and for clean samples further reaction occurs at 250 c. oxygen is found to influence strongly the course of the reaction with an effect which depends on its location. a few percent of impurity within the ... |
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| Study of Temperature Dependent Structural Changes in Molecular-Beam Epitaxy Grown Hg(1-x)Cd(x)Te by X-Ray Lattice Parameter Measurements and Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure. |
1991 |
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| Authors:
D. Di Marzio; M. B. Lee; J. DeCarlo; A. Gibaud; S. M. Heald; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| This paper presents a detailed study of the x-ray diffraction lattice parameters of molecular-beam epitaxy grown Hg(1-x)Cd(x)Te epilayers between 15 and 300 K. The epilayers were grown on (100) oriented CdTe substrates, and varied in thickness (6 to 11 microns) and composition (x=0-0.172). The (400) reflection was measured to determine the lattice parameter a(perpendicular) normal to the film. We also present lattice parameter measurements for a thin cap layer of ... |
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| Repair, Evaluation, Maintenance, and Rehabilitation Research Program. In Situ Repair of Deteriorated Concrete in Hydraulic Structures: Epoxy Injection Repair of a Bridge Pier |
SEP 90 |
|
| Authors:
R. P. Webster; L. E. Kukacka; D. Elling; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| Presented are the results of the fourth and final phase of a research program directed toward identifying in situ repair procedures to be utilized in the rehabilitation of cracked concrete hydraulic structures. Emphasis of the laboratory and field research performed in Phase Four was directed toward the optimization of equipment and materials to be used with pressure injection repair techniques. Once optimized, the repair procedure was demonstrated in a field ... |
|
| User Data Package - Energy-Efficient Windows and Window Coverings for Naval Housing |
JUL 90 |
|
| Authors:
Ruth T. Coughlan; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| This User Data Package identifies energy-efficient windows and window coverings for housing applications. Procedures to determine the life cycle cost effectiveness and payback period for energy efficient windows is provided. It is recommended that PVC, double-glazed, low-emissivity coated windows be used for all new housing construction in areas where hearing and/or cooling is required. It is also recommended that energy-efficient windows be used when old windows are replaced in existing ... |
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| Observation of the Antiferroelectric Order Parameter in Surface Layers of SrTiO3 |
88 |
|
| Authors:
D. P. Osterman; K. Mohanty; J. D. Axe; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| X-ray diffraction from the antiferroelectric superlattice of SrTiO3 has been observed in a grazing geometry for several values of the X-ray penetration depth. The samples were a polished single crystal by the Verneuil technique and a polished and etched single crystal grown from a top-seeded solution. The variation with temperature of the order parameter was found to depend strongly on the penetration depth for the Verneuil-grown sample. This dependence was ... |
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| Determination of Beam Orientation of Optical Diagnostics of Excited 200- MeV Hydrogen Atoms Resulting From Photodetachment of H- Ions |
SEP 87 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
A. Herschcovitch; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| Nondestructive diagnostic techniques to determine beam direction of 200-MeV H atoms are analyzed. These methods are based on excited hydrogen atoms in n=2 and n=3 levels due to photodetachment of H- ions. An e-beam driven ArF laser can produce H* (2s) atoms for LRF by photoneutralizing H- ions in a quantity comparable to that of a gas cell if longer pulse hot cathode e-beam drivers are developed. Observation of fluorescence ... |
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| Pathophysiology of Peptide Toxins of Microcystis aeruginosa and Amanita phalloides |
30 JUN 86 |
78 pages |
| Authors:
William H. Adams; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
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| Studies focussed on the pathophysiology of the cyclic peptide toxin from M. aeruginosa and prophylaxis against it. The critical role of the liver as a target organ for the toxin and site of prophylaxis was established. The particular liver cell type critical to the toxin was not established. The most effective protective agents were trypan red and cyclosporine. The mechanism of action of protection was not established, but the low ... |
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| Physico-Chemical Factors Affecting Hydrothermal Resistance and Bonding of Polymeric Composites to Steel Surfaces |
NOV 85 |
165 pages |
| Authors:
T. Sugama; L. E. Kukacka; N. R. Carciello; J. B. Warren; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
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| The failure upon exposure to hydrothermal conditions of most conventional polymers containing functional groups in which any two atoms selected from N, O, and S are joined to the same carbon atom, is generally due to 1) high segmental mobility of molecular chains, 2) low thermal relaxation of the polymers, 3) an increase in hydrophilic groups, and 4) low dynamic mechanical properties. Each of these factors must be considered in ... |
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