| The Communications Maintenance and Optimization Problem in Robotic Multi-hop Networks: Assumptions, Models, and Algorithms |
Feb 2013 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Cem Karan; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
 | An important problem in robotics is the Communications Maintenance and Optimization Problem (CMOP). In this problem, we have a set of robots that are communicating with one another across a multi-hop wireless network. The primary constraint is that the robots must maintain communications between all pairs of robots, ideally in an optimal manner, while performing their assigned tasks. In this report, I describe a set of constraints and metrics for ... |
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| Computational Study of the Structure and Mechanical Properties of the Molecular Crystal RDX |
Nov 2012 |
180 pages |
| Authors:
Lynn Munday; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| Molecular crystals are commonly used as active pharmaceutical ingredients and high explosive materials. Like simpler crystalline materials, they possess a repeating lattice structure. However, the complexity of the structure-due to having several entire molecules instead of atoms at each lattice site-significantly complicates the relationship between the crystal structure and mechanical properties. This work used molecular dynamics to study the structural response due to large deformations in the energetic molecular crystal ... |
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| Visualization of Wind Data on Google Earth for the Three-dimensional Wind Field (3DWF) Model |
Sep 2012 |
58 pages |
| Authors:
Giap Huynh; Yansen Wang; Chatt Williamson; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| This report documents the algorithms of visualization of vertical and horizontal cross-sections of wind field, and the construction of wind direction's 3D flag for wind direction profile display. In addition, this report describes user-friendly Google Earth graphical user interface (GUI) menus designed to offer the user flexibility, and simple options in order to generate 3D displays in Google Earth and to save them in a Keyhole Markup Language (KML) file. ... |
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| Registering Ground and Satellite Imagery for Visual Localization |
Aug 2012 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Philip David; Sean Ho; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| Accurately determining the position and orientation of an observer (a vehicle or a human) in outdoor urban environments is an important and challenging problem. The standard approach is to use the global positioning system (GPS), but this system performs poorly near tall buildings where line of sight to a sufficient number of satellites cannot be obtained. Most previous vision-based approaches for localization register ground imagery to a previously generated ground-level ... |
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| Improving Domain-specific Machine Translation by Constraining the Language Model |
Jul 2012 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey C Micher; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| A domain-specific statistical machine translation engine is shown to be more accurate when only domain-specific language data are used to build the target-language language model. This has been found to be true when compared to using a much larger, out-of-domain corpus for building the language model, either alone or in combination with the domain-specific data. |
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| Trust-based Task Assignment in Military Tactical Networks |
Jun 2012 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Moonjeong Chang; Jin-Hee Cho; Ing-Ray Chen; Kevin S Chan; Ananthram Swami; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| Resource or task assignment problems have been studied extensively in military network environments as efficient and effective resource allocation is the key to successful mission completion. However, existing works on asset-task assignment problems are based only on the best match between functionalities of a node and requirements of a task. We propose a composite trust based task assignment protocol where a task requires all members to have a specific trust ... |
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| English-to-Dari and Dari-to-English Medical Phrasebook Android Application Software System Documentation |
Apr 2012 |
60 pages |
| Authors:
Robert Winkler; Somiya Metu; Steve Larocca; Ghulam H Jahed; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| This report describes an Android application for facilitating exchange between English-speaking and Dari-speaking domain experts with the help of mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. The U.S. Army Research Army Laboratory (ARL) has been developing English-to-Dari phrasebooks in a variety of specialized domains (medical, legal, financial, et al.). This application provides bi-directional English-Dari text translation using a dictionary of medical phrases selected and translated from the English-language medical ... |
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| ROStoJAUSBridge Manual |
Mar 2012 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Laurel Sadler; Chirag Rao; John Rogers; Hung Nguyen; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| The ROStoJAUSBridge is a software program implemented at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) to leverage the image processing and intelligent mobility behaviors capabilities from the robot operating system (ROS) to the small unmanned ground vehicle (SUG)V. This software program allows for interaction between programs running on ROS and the iRobot SUGV. It converts ROS messages to messages adhering to the Joint Architecture for Unmanned Systems (JAUS) architecture and vice ... |
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| Detection of Bioaerosols Using Single Particle Thermal Emission Spectroscopy (First-year Report) |
Feb 2012 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Kristan P Gurton; Melvin Felton; Yongle Pan; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| We are investigating a new type of single aerosol particle spectroscopy that is designed to identify unique and identifiable characteristic features in measured molecular emission/absorption spectra in the thermal infrared (IR) region from 3 to 12 microns. Our objective is to improve the ability to identify and distinguish mundane bioaerosols from more toxic varieties and/or species. During year 1 of a two-year study, we developed and investigated various techniques required ... |
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| Method to Select Technical Terms for Glossaries in Support of Joint Task Force Operations |
Jan 2012 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Michelle Vanni; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| Our technique for selecting foreign-language technical terms for human-use glossaries and automatic processor lexicons offers a customized solution based on sound principles that has resulted in an effectiveness breakthrough for the Army. Prepared in support of a single Joint Task Force (JTF), its principle-based underpinnings justify its use in similar applications for various JTFs involved in strategic operations. Language induces expectations from its community of use that can be exploited ... |
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| Developing Signal Processing Blocks for Software-defined Radios |
Jan 2012 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Gunjan Verma; Paul Yu; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| Software-defined radios (SDRs) provide researchers with a powerful and flexible wireless communications experimentation platform. GNU Radio is the most popular open-source software toolkit for deploying SDRs, and is frequently used with the Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP). After establishing a USRP testbed, the researcher will need to implement new signal processing algorithms or modify existing ones. This document describes this process, highlighting those details that have received minimal attention in ... |
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| Evaluation of an Alternative Implementation to Native Operating System Extended File Attributes |
Dec 2011 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Joshua Edwards; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| Extended attributes (xattrs) are a common means of storing file and directory metadata in a simple key-value pairing. Most, but not all, modern Linux file systems allow for this functionality. For those that do not, an alternative was developed using a locally stored database and a set of Python scripts to emulate the file system s method of storing xattrs. Comparing the two methods in three key areas speed, size, ... |
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| Project-specific Machine Translation |
Dec 2011 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
John J Morgan; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| This report details a project-specific method for translating a book-length text. The method used a human-in-the-loop strategy to iteratively and incrementally produce a progressively more accurate statistical machine translation system. The system generated rough-draft translations of chunks of text that were post-edited by an expert translator. The method was used to produce a high-quality translation of the Army Field Manual (FM) 7-8 Infantry Rifle Platoon and Squad from English into ... |
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| Introduction of Automation for the Production of Bilingual, Parallel-Aligned Text |
Oct 2011 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Will Tanenbaum; Steven A LaRocca; John J Morgan; Ghulam H Jahed; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| As the study and application of statistical machine translation (SMT) grows, progress is often circumscribed by a lack of data. The statistical models that govern statistical machine translation (SMT) engines rely on many large bilingual text corpora, each comprised of vast numbers of bilingual text segments. For certain languages, corpora already exist and help to power translation engines. Regrettably, this is not the case for every language the Army is ... |
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| Characterization of Hardware Improvements to an Acoustics-based Tripwire Detection Method |
Oct 2011 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
II Alberts W C; David A Ligon; Mark A Coleman; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| A method of detecting tripwires by monitoring the noise produced by airflow across a wire [Sanchez and Alberts, ARL-TN-0379] showed that various wires could be detected out to ranges of 5 cm. This short range is unacceptable if the technique is to be considered useful. Therefore, several improvements have been enacted with the goal of increasing the operating range of the technique. This report details the hardware improvements and their ... |
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| Arabic Optical Character Recognition (OCR) Evaluation in Order to Develop a Post-OCR Module |
Sep 2011 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Brian Kjersten; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| Optical character recognition (OCR) is the process of converting an image of a document into text. While progress in OCR research has enabled low error rates for English text in low-noise images, performance is still poor for noisy images and documents in other languages. We intend to create a post-OCR processing module for noisy Arabic documents which can correct OCR errors before passing the resulting Arabic text to a translation ... |
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| Expanding the Toolkit and Resource Environment to Assist Translation (TREAT) and Its User Base |
JUN 2011 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Reginald L. Hobbs; Clare R. Voss; Jamal Laoudi; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| Our initial aim in building the Toolkit and Resource Environment to Assist Translation (TREAT) was to provide translators with a hands-on framework as a single access point for learning about, using, and sharing a wide variety of online tools to support their task needs. Our extreme programming approach to the software engineering of this framework has enabled our in-house senior translator to participate fully in the software design, evaluation, and ... |
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| IChart: A Tool For Visualizing and Managing Organizational and Force Structure Data |
JUN 2011 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Frederick S. Brundick; Josh Dehlinger; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| The US Department of Defense (DoD) Joint Staff, Force Structure Directorate (J-8), along with the Office of Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness (OUSD(P&R)) put forth the Global Force Management Data Initiative (GFM DI) with the goal of developing a reliable and maintainable data source capturing Organizational and Force Structure Construct (OFSC) information. The Global Force Management Information Exchange Data Model (GFMIEDM) was developed to enable disparate systems ... |
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| Handheld Theodolite Concept |
APR 2011 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Alan E. Wetmore; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| Currently, artillery meteorology uses observations of a pilot balloon taken using a theodolite as a backup to a full rawindonde system. The theodolite is an expensive and cumbersome single-use system that is a candidate for replacement. This technical note examines the feasibility of using a "smartphone" as a replacement for a traditional theodolite. The smartphone can serve as both the observation/recording system and the system for deriving a sounding from ... |
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| Urban Turbulence and Wind Gusts for Micro Air Vehicle Bio-inspired Designs |
Mar 2011 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Cheryl L Klipp; Edward Measure; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| We discuss the effects of wind turbulence encountered in an urban street canyon on very small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the context of field data from the Joint Urban 2003 Experiment in Oklahoma City, OK. We present equations for the aerodynamics of such a UAV and derive equations to estimate the torque and forces encountered as a function of turbulent changes in wind velocity. We use sonic anemometer data ... |
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| Semi-Automated Methods for Refining a Domain-Specific Terminology Base |
Feb 2011 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Gabriella Rose; Melissa Holland; Steve Larocca; Robert Winkler; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| A domain-specific term base may be useful not only as a resource for written and oral translation, but also for Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications, text retrieval, document indexing, and other knowledge management tasks. The objective of this investigation was to explore the use of alternative terminology extraction methods to refine and validate an existing military-specific bilingual dictionary. A series of semi-automatic methods was implemented to distill the existing term ... |
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| Reconstruction of Aerosol Properties from Forward-scattering Intensities |
Jan 2011 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Gorden Videen; Matthew Berg; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| This work describes the design and application of an apparatus to image aerosol particles using digital holography in a flowthrough, contact-free manner. Particles in an aerosol stream are illuminated by a triggered, pulsed laser and the pattern produced by the interference of this light with that scattered by the particles is recorded by a digital camera. The recorded pattern constitutes a digital hologram from which an image of the particles ... |
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| Building and Vegetation Rasterization for the Three-dimensional Wind Field (3DWF) Model |
DEC 2010 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Giap Huynh; Yansen Wang; Chatt Williamson; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| Land surface morphology information, such as vegetation and buildings, are key inputs for the parameterizations used in the Three-dimensional Wind Field (3DWF). The microscale land morphology data are often not available and/or are not in a format that 3DWF can readily use. We have developed a novel method to create the land morphology data set and rasterize it to the model grid using Google Maps and the accompanying application programming ... |
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| Optimization of a Three-Dimensional Diagnostic Flow Solver |
Nov 2010 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
chatt C Williamson; Yansen Wang; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| In this study, we investigate the performance of a three-dimensional diagnostic flow solver. The numerical solver is profiled to find the hot spots of the code. These hot spots are then optimized for performance using techniques such as loop reordering and cache blocking. OpenMP is used to parallelize the code execution, further enhancing its performance. Finally, preliminary efforts to use NVIDIA Inc. Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) programming model are ... |
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| Fundamental Cases of Urban Acoustics and Their Interaction with Propagating Sound: Phase II |
Sep 2010 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Alberts; W C II; Mark A Coleman; John M Noble; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| An ongoing U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) effort to study fundamental cases of urban acoustics with the goal of enhanced prediction capabilities found that, in Phase I of the study, a single-story isolated building can be adequately described, in some instances, as a wide barrier of finite length. The structure investigated during Phase I was a small, architecturally simple, gabled-roofed building typical of suburban and rural residential housing. To expand ... |
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| Mission-Dependent Trust Management in Heterogeneous Military Mobile Ad Hoc Networks |
Jun 2010 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Jin-Hee Cho; Ananthram Swami; Ing-Ray Chen; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| Managing trust in a tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is challenging when collaboration or cooperation is critical to achieving military missions and system goals. Further, in heterogeneous MANETs, evaluating the trust level of a mission-driven group communication system accurately and identifying well-qualified nodes to perform a given mission are also crucial for successful mission completion. Some nodes will be highly qualified to perform the mission while others will not ... |
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| Comparison of the Inversion Periods for Mid-wave IR (MidIR) and Long-wave IR (LWIR) Polarimetric and Conventional Thermal Imagery |
Apr 2010 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
M Felton; K P Gurton; J L Pezzaniti; D B Chenault; L E Roth; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| We report the results of a diurnal study that recorded radiometrically calibrated polarimetric and conventional thermal imagery in the mid-wave IR (MidIR) and long-wave IR (LWIR) to identify and compare the respective time periods in which minimum target contrast is achieved. The MidIR polarimetric sensor is based on a division-of-aperture approach and has a 640 512 indium antimonide (InSb) focal-plane array (FPA), while the LWIR polarimetric sensor uses a spinning ... |
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| Human in the Loop Machine Translation of Medical Terminology |
Apr 2010 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
John J Morgan; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| This memorandum report outlines the Human in the Loop Translation process, which strives to increase translators' productivity using statistical machine translation (SMT). In this process, U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) systems trained by open source SMT toolkits were placed in a feedback loop with human translators in Afghanistan to incrementally improve Dari translations of English medical training manuals and to create bilingual glossaries in the medical domain. Anecdotal evidence indicates ... |
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| Image-based Localization in Urban Environments |
Mar 2010 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Philip David; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| This report describes an efficient algorithm to accurately determine the position and orientation of a camera in an outdoor urban environment using camera imagery acquired from a single location on the ground. The requirement to operate using imagery from a single location allows a system using our algorithms to generate instant position estimates and ensures that the approach may be applied to both mobile and immobile ground sensors. Localization is ... |
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| Communication Channel Estimation and Waveform Design: Time Delay Estimation on Parallel, Flat Fading Channels |
Feb 2010 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Richard J Kozick; Brian M Sadler; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| A review of performance bounds for time-delay estimation (TDE) is presented, including a discussion of current trends. Then the problem of waveform design for TDE using frequency-hopping (FH) waveforms is analyzed to study the effects of fading and diversity on TDE over parallel channels with flat, Rayleigh fading. The authors present the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE), the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB), and the Ziv-Zakai bound (ZZB) on TDE for several different ... |
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| Flexible Client-server Architecture Designed for Testing Optimized Link State Routing (OLSRv2) for Component-based Routing (CBR) |
Nov 2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Justin James; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| This report discusses a client-server architecture designed for testing the Optimized Link State Routing (OLSRv2) protocol for Component-based Routing (CBR) implementation. The client-server application was devised to combine maximum performance flexibility with minimal structural ambiguity. The proposed client-server architecture is tremendously adaptable and permits the user to specify any number of parameters related to information exchange. This architecture is necessary because conventional studies have shown that the performance of a ... |
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| Nozzles for Focusing Aerosol Particles |
Oct-2009 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Yong-Le Pan; John Bowersett; Steven C Hill; Ronald G Pinnick; Richard K Chang; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| We report on the design, fabrication, and testing of nozzles that we have used for single-particle sampling measurements of laser-induced fluorescence and two-dimensional angular optical scattering. Single-piece nozzles and a two-piece nozzle with a sheath flow are described. |
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| The ARL Topodef Tool-Concept and Usage |
Oct-2009 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Binh Nguyen; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| This report describes the functional features of the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) Topodef tool, a graphical tool and method for custom-designing network topology of a mobile ad hoc network to support emulation. The tool is also known as a scenario-generator capable of generating a set of mobility traces or a set of textual definitions of a dynamic network topology. The tool is being used to edit a set of ... |
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| An Implementation of Physical Layer Authentication Using Software Radio |
Jul 2009 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Paul Yu; John Baras; Brian Sadler; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| Authentication is the process where claims of identity are verified and is a critical first step for sensitive communications. We propose a physical layer authentication technique that identifies radios based on their unique signal characteristics. The transmit signal is superimposed with a secret message-dependent authentication tag for the receiver to detect and validate. We present experimental results that indicate the usefulness of this technique: it has low impact on packet ... |
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| Towards Trust-based Cognitive Networks: A Survey of Trust Management for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks |
Jun-2009 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Ananthram Swami; Jin-Hee Cho; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| Managing trust in a distributed Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is challenging when collaboration or cooperation is critical to achieving mission and system goals such as reliability, availability, scalability, or reconfigurability. In defining trust and managing trust in a military MANET, we must consider the interactions between the composite cognitive, social, information and communication networks, and take into account the severe resource constraints (e.g., computing power, energy, bandwidth, time), and ... |
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| Phraselator Questionnaire Responses |
May-2009 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
James D Walrath; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| A questionnaire designed to elicit Soldier judgments of, and comments about, the upgraded Phraselator speech translation device was completed by seven personnel serving in Iraq. Aggregate responses to yes or no questions are provided, as are the frequency of usage by mission, acceptability by mission, and all comments made by personnel to open-ended questions about the usefulness of the Phraselator during actual missions. |
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| Characterizing the Turbulent Wind Flow Near a Wind Barrier Using a Data Set Collected with an Array of Sonic Anemometers |
May-2009 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
David Quintis; Sean D'Arcy; Robert Brice; David Tofsted; Jimmy Yarbrough; Yansen Wang; Scott Elliott; Thomas Truong; Michael Davalos; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| An array of 10 sonic anemometers was used to observe the mean wind and turbulence near an artificial wind barrier at the High Speed Test Track facility on Holloman Air Force Base, NM. In order to test the effectiveness of such barriers in reducing cross-track winds, a prototype barrier was constructed using a polyester screen material rated as providing 30% porosity. The barrier dimensions were 100 m in length and ... |
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| Real-Time Detection of Chemical Warfare Agents Using Multi-Wavelength Photoacoustics |
Apr-2009 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Melvin Felton; Kristan Gurton; Richard Tober; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| We present a proof-of-concept study designed to investigate the utility of operating a conventional photoacoustic spectroscopy technique in a multi-wavelength mode applied to chemical vapor/aerosols for application of trace species detection and identification. The technique involves propagating three or more laser sources through a non-resonate, flow through photoacoustic cell. Each laser source is modulated at a different frequency, chosen at some convenient acoustic frequency. A portion of each laser's power ... |
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| Implementation of Efficient Pan-Tilt-Zoom Camera Calibration |
Apr-2009 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Philip David; Nicholas Fung; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| Pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) cameras, frequently used in both online and automated surveillance applications, require accurate knowledge of camera parameters in order to accurately register autonomously tracked objects to a world model. Due to imprecision in the PTZ mechanism, these parameters cannot be obtained from PTZ control commands but must be calculated directly from camera imagery. This report describes the efforts to implement a real-time calibration system for a stationary PTZ camera. ... |
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| Fluorescence of Bacteria, Pollens, and Naturally Occurring Airborne Particles: Excitation/Emission Spectra |
Feb-2009 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
Steven C Hill; Michael W Mayo; Richard K Chang; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| The fluorescence intensity as a function of excitation and emission wavelengths (EEM spectra) was measured for different species of bacteria, biochemical constituents of cells, pollens, and vegetation. This report documents these spectra. This endeavor is part of an effort to determine useful fluorescence excitation and emission wavelengths for discrimination between biological and nonbiological particles, and among different types of biological particles. These results can assist researchers in selecting excitation and ... |
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| Automatic Mosaicking of 360 degree Panorama in Video Surveillance |
Dec 2008 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Sean Ho; Philip David; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| Recently, there has been an increasing interest in using panoramic images in surveillance and target tracking applications. With the wide availability of off-the-shelf, Web-based pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) cameras and the advances of CPUs and Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), object tracking using mosaicked images that cover a scene of 360 deg in near real-time has become a reality. This report presents a system that automatically constructs and maps full-view panoramic mosaics to ... |
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| Calibrated Mid-wave Infrared (IR) (MidIR) and Long-wave IR (LWIR) Stokes and Degree-of-Liner Polarization (DOLP) |
01-Sep-2008 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Melvin Felton; Kristan P Gurton; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| We present radiometric and polarimetric calibrated imagery recorded in both the mid-wave infrared (IR) (MidIR) and long-wave IR (LWIR) as a function of diurnal variation over several multiday periods. We compare differences in polarimetric and conventional thermal imagery for both IR atmospheric transmission windows, i.e., the 3-5 mu and 8-12 mu regions. Meteorological parameters measured during the study include temperature, relative humidity, wind speed/direction, precipitation, and ambient atmospheric IR loading. ... |
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| Design Approaches for Stealthy Probing Mechanisms in Battlefield Networks |
01-Sep-2008 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Shriram Ganesh; Maitreya Natu; Adarshpal Sethi; Rommie Hardy; Richard Gopaul; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| Various approaches have been proposed in the past for monitoring a network to diagnose failures and performance bottlenecks. One such approach for efficient and effective monitoring is probing. Probes such as ICMP pings are an effective tool for detecting network nodes that have been compromised by an attacker who tries to delay or drop traffic passing through the captured node. However, an intelligent attacker may evade detection by giving preferential ... |
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| Differential Effect of Correct Name Translation on Human and Automated Judgments of Translation Acceptability: A Pilot Study |
01-Sep-2008 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Michelle Vanni; James Walrath; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| This study proffers two important findings: (1) automated machine translation (MT) evaluation is insensitive to the cognitive gravitas of proper names, contributing to its weak modeling of human judgments of higher quality MT output, and (2) there is a "new" methodology that produces superior measurement of translation acceptability. Twenty Arabic sentences, each with average name density of 3.7 names in 22 words, were translated into English with a research-grade MT ... |
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| The ARL RaprEdt Tool -- A Graphical Editor for Creating Real-Time Application Representative (RAPR) Files |
01-Sep-2008 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Binh Q Nguyen; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) designed and developed a tool called the ARL Real-time Application Representative (RaprEdt) tool to support the emulation of communication scenarios by providing a method for rapidly creating critical files that are required for using the RAPR Version 1.0, a product of the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). This report documents the functional behavior of the ARL RaprEdt tool and describes its graphical user interfaces ... |
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| Detecting Planar Surfaces in Outdoor Urban Environments |
01-Sep-2008 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Philip David; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| We describe an approach to automatically detect building facades in images of urban environments. This is an important problem in vision-based navigation, landmark recognition, and surveillance applications. In particular, with the proliferation of GPS- and camera-enabled cell phones, a backup geolocation system is needed when GPS satellite signals are blocked in so-called "urban canyons." Image line segments are first located, and then the vanishing points of these segments are determined ... |
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| pyGFC - A Python Extension to the C++ Geodesy Foundation Classes |
01-Sep-2008 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Binh Q Nguyen; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| This report describes the results of the development of the pyGFC module, including the multi-step procedure and the implemented computer code. The pyGFC module is a Python extension to the C++ Geodesy Foundation Class, which has been used in the range model of the Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) Emulation (MANE) software system that enables the dynamic connectivity of a MANET system in the Wireless Emulation Laboratory of the U.S. Army ... |
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| Performance Requirements of Tools and Methods for Specifying Network Communication Scenarios Using the Real-Time Application Representative Version 1.0 |
Sep-2008 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Rommie Hardy; Binh Nguyen; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| This report identifies the performance needs of tools and methods that will be potentially capable of specifying data communication scenarios. These communication scenarios will be automatically generated using the Real-time Application Representative (RAPR) tool. The specifications define a specific behavior of a communication scenario for the RAPR tool being deployed in the wireless emulation laboratory (WEL) at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL). The report includes examples descriptions of the ... |
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| Target-in-the-loop Wavefront Sensing and Control with Collett-Wolf Beacon |
Sep 2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Ernst Polnau; Mikhail A Vorontsov; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| It is well known that atmospheric turbulence can severely degrade performance of various optical systems including the laser beam projection systems discussed here. These systems are designed to create and maintain a laser spot of the smallest possible size on a remotely located object in the atmosphere. Compensation (mitigation) of turbulence effects in the laser beam projection systems is typically performed using adaptive optics (AO) wavefront correctors. In several applications ... |
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| An Introduction to Python (A One-Hour Tour) |
Jul 2008 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Binh Q Nguyen; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| This tutorial highlights and goes over essential features of the Python programming language while it is still evolving, but sufficiently stable and mature for the development of diverse solutions to computational, networking, and visualization problems. Although the technical details are kept to a minimum to fit diverse background and interests of the audience, they can be used as review materials for experienced and occasional developers of Python applications. The tutorial ... |
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Reports by Corporate Author
