| Localization of Head-Mounted Vibrotactile Transducers |
Feb 2013 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Mary S Binseel; Joel T Kalb; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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 | The Global Positioning System (GPS) and communications systems transmit information through visual and auditory channels, diverting attentional resources from other tasks and degrading situation awareness. The tactile channel is proposed as an alternative sensory modality in order to reduce visual and auditory load. Most systems currently used use trunk- or extremity-mounted tactors. Consequently, little is known about the psychophysical parameters associated with head-mounted vibrotactile (VT) displays. This study investigated the ... |
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| Collaborative Development of a Mine Detection Training Device |
Oct 2012 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Alan D Davison; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| Assessing the Minimum Number of Synchronization Triggers Necessary for Temporal Variance Compensation in Commercial Electroencephalography (EEG) Systems |
Sep 2012 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Keith W Whitaker; W D Hairston; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| This technical note describes the differences in recording when events happen between several commercially-oriented electroencephalography (EEG) recording systems. The four systems examined, Emotiv's EPOC, Biosemi's ActiveTwo, Advanced Brain Monitoring's B-Alert X10 and Quasar's prototype represent different approaches to the problem of recording brain activity in human subjects. We found that the EPOC introduces significantly more error in recording event timing, though this issue is present in all systems. Furthermore, we ... |
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| The Cognition and Neuroergonomics (CaN) Collaborative Technology Alliance (CTA): Scientific Vision, Approach, and Translational Paths |
Sep 2012 |
74 pages |
| Authors:
Kelvin S Oie; Kaleb McDowell; Jason Metcalfe; W D Hairston; Scott Kerick; Tim Lee; Scott Makeig; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| The Cognition and Neuroergonomics (CaN) Collaborative Technology Alliance (CTA) has recently been formed by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and a consortium of leading industry and academic research partners. The CaN CTA seeks to build upon our knowledge of neuroscience, human factors, psychology, and engineering to enhance our understanding of Soldier brain function and behavior in complex operational settings, assessed outside the confines of standard research laboratories. To do ... |
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| Design and Functionality of the Graphical Interactive Narrative (Gin) System Version 0.2 |
Aug 2012 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Brent J Lance; Jonroy Canady; Kelvin S Oie; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| This report describes the design and functionality of version 0.2 of the Graph-theoretic Interactive Narrative (Gin) System, a system intended to increase interactivity of virtual reality environments (VEs) used for human experimentation, while still allowing for necessary experimental constraints to be enforced so that the data can be analyzed. An initial step towards increasing interactivity is to allow human subjects to control their own navigation through the VE. In order ... |
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| Weighted Phase Lag Index Stability as an Artifact Resistant Measure to Detect Cognitive EEG Activity During Locomotion |
24 Jul 2012 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Troy M Lau; Joseph T Gwin; Kaleb G McDowell; Daniel P Ferris; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| High-density electroencephalography (EEG) with active electrodes allows for monitoring of electrocortical dynamics during human walking but movement artifacts have the potential to dominate the signal. One potential method for recovering cognitive brain dynamics in the presence of gait-related artifact is the Weighted Phase Lag Index. Methods We tested the ability of Weighted Phase Lag Index to recover event-related potentials during locomotion. Weighted Phase Lag Index is a functional connectivity measure ... |
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| Safe Operations of Unmanned Systems for Reconnaissance in Complex Environments-Army Technology Objective (SOURCE ATO) Field Experimentation Observations and Soldier Feedback |
Jul 2012 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
III Evans A W; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| Experiments evaluating Soldier performance using robotic assets provide information about what improvements in mission capability can be expected with the new technologies. However, subjective data, such as formal and informal interviews and questionnaires, can equally provide helpful insight into which new capabilities will be most welcomed and understood as valuable to mission success for each Soldier. This report focuses on subjective data obtained from several Soldiers at the FY11 SOURCE ... |
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| Localization of a Speech Target in Nondirectional and Directional Noise as a Function of Sensation Level |
Jun 2012 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
Kim S Abouchacra; Tomasz Letowski; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| Both the detectability and localizability of a target signal must be considered when the signal is presented with multiple other sounds in an environment. When target and noise sources are separated spatially, target speech detection, recognition, and intelligibility improve substantially. Less information is known, however, about the effect of spatial separation on a listener's localization performance. In the present study, we examine the accuracy of localization judgments in various multiple ... |
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| Auditory Spatial Perception: Auditory Localization |
May 2012 |
162 pages |
| Authors:
Tomasz R Letowski; Szymon T Letowski; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| Research into human auditory localization acuity and factors that compromise this acuity is an ongoing research program at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory. Although there is a wealth of information in the professional literature about the physical, physiological, and psychological underpinnings of auditory localization, the specific theoretical concepts, localization error metrics, and data collection methodologies found in various books and articles are quite diverse and frequently poorly described, making generalizations ... |
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| An Investigation Into Ventilation And Dust Issues For The Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (JLTV) |
May 2012 |
72 pages |
| Authors:
Sam E Middlebrooks; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| This report was prepared to investigate the occupational health hazard issues of indoor air quality and resulting human performance as it pertains to crew performance in enclosed military vehicles in general and the Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (JLTV) in particular. The JLTV is still in predevelopment testing, with the result that many of the details regarding specific vendor variants are competition sensitive in nature. This report has been prepared with ... |
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| The Perceived Urgency of Tactile Patterns During Dismounted Soldier Movements |
May 2012 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy L White; Andrea S Krausman; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| This research examines the effects of stimulus intensity and inter-stimulus interval (ISI) on Soldier ratings of signal perceived urgency and Soldier detection and identification of tactile patterns while performing dismounted maneuvers. A tactile system including an adjustable belt developed by Engineering Acoustics, Inc. (EAI), provided the tactile stimuli. This adjustable belt, which consists of eight EAI C2 tactors positioned at 45 intervals, was worn around each participant s waist. Participants ... |
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| Owning the Environment: Stealth Soldier - Research Outline |
May 2012 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Tomasz R Letowski; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| Recent U.S. Army focus on the dismounted squad as the strategic formation in the current and future operational environments brings into focus lethality and force-protection gaps at the individual Soldier and small dismounted unit level. Successful and safe operations of small units in current operational environments can be enhanced by the development of new Soldier- and squad-level stealth and deception technologies and principles of operations. Both offensive and defensive stealth ... |
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| Scalability of Robotic Controllers: An Evaluation of Controller Options-Experiment III |
Apr 2012 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
Rodger A Pettitt; Christian B Carstens; Elizabeth S Redden; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| This experiment is the third in a series to investigate scaling robotic controllers for use by dismounted warfighters. A 2 -2 within-subjects design crossing two controllers (game controller [GC] and virtual joystick [VJ]) with two levels of robotic autonomy (manual control [MC] and click to navigate [CN]) was used. Twenty-two Soldiers conducted reconnaissance tasks on a 200-m course. As a secondary task, Soldiers were told to report course times when ... |
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| ARL Human Factors Engineering Technology: Overview of 6.2 Efforts for Dr. Lemnios, DDRE |
Mar 2012 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Scott Kerick; Michael LaFiandra; Donald Headley; John Lockett; Susan Hill; Charneta Samms; Mary Binseel; Kaleb McDowell; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| In the field of social network analysis, the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) Computational and Information Sciences Directorate (CISD) Information Sciences Division (ISD) Tactical Information Fusion Branch's (TIFB) Social Network Analysis (SNA) Team focuses on the challenge of multi-source soft data fusion and analysis through computational support and visual analytics. An important part of this challenge includes the acquisition and development of relevant scenarios and data sets varying in content, ... |
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| Modeling and Analysis of Semi-Automated Fusion in the Intelligence Process |
Mar 2012 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Kristin M Schweitzer; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| Technology today provides more data than humans can possibly analyze manually. Semi-automation fusion (SAF), where a system filters and fuses information in preparation for human analysis, is one way to process and organize vast amounts of data for more efficient human handling. The question that arises is how SAF will affect the human's workload. This analysis quantified the impact that SAF might have on mission times and the cognitive workload ... |
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| Technological Areas to Improve Soldier Decisiveness: Insights From the Soldier-System Design Perspective |
Mar 2012 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
W D Hairston; Jesse Chen; Michael Barnes; Ivan Martinez; Michael LaFiandra; Mary Binseel; Angelique Scharine; Mark Ericson; Barry Vaughan; Brent Lance; Kaleb McDowell; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| The Board on Army Science and Technology has commissioned a committee on Making the Soldier Decisive on Future Battlefields with the overarching goal of identifying areas where our dismounted Soldiers have the potential for overmatch capability, particularly when operating in small units, and the technologies that will aide in realizing an overmatch. To supplement this effort, this report discusses five high-potential areas of technology from the realm of the human ... |
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| Human Purposive Movement Theory |
Mar 2012 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Bruce P Hunn; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| The human purposive movement theory posits that human physical behavior is goal oriented, quantifiable, and predictable. In addition, the basic characteristics of that movement are universal in nature by humans whether they are operating on their own or when using conveyances, and that the characteristics of human/machine system outputs are quantifiable and suitable for the creation of predictive algorithms. This theory coupled with fused sensor systems and robust detection and ... |
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| The U.S. Army Research Laboratory's Auditory Research for the Dismounted Soldier: Present (2009-2011) and Future |
Mar 2012 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Tomasz R Letowski; Angelique A Scharine; Jeremy R Gaston; Bruce E Amrein; Mark A Ericson; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| The objective of the U.S. Army Research Laboratory auditory research program is to enhance Soldier capabilities by understanding the principles that affect auditory perception, including interaction with military equipment, providing the Soldier with uncompromised auditory situation awareness, effective communications capabilities, and protected hearing. Research activities described in this report are centered on the auditory spatial orientation capabilities needed by the dismounted Soldier for navigation in a complex acoustical environment that ... |
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| A Multithreaded Missions And Means Framework (MMF) Concept Report |
Mar 2012 |
88 pages |
| Authors:
Peter J Grazaitis; Brian G Ruth; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| This report addresses the problem of identifying critical knowledge elements that are essential to decision making and that impact mission outcome. All too often, these knowledge elements and their criticality to mission outcome are discovered after some catastrophic event, where (in hindsight) the Army discovers that if it only knew this or that, a decision maker would have had the information to take an appropriate course of action to mitigate ... |
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| Human Factors Feedback: Brain Acoustic Monitor |
Feb 2012 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Valerie J Rice; Gaylord Lindsay; Cory Overby; Angela Jeter; Gary L Boykin; Petra E Alfred; Carita De Vilbiss; Raymond Bateman; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| The purpose of this report is to identify human use issues associated with using the Brain Acoustic Monitor. This report is the second of three reports examining human factors issues associated with technologies investigated for their potential to assist with identifying individuals who may have incurred a traumatic brain injury. The Brain Acoustic Monitor passively senses acoustic signals generated from the blood flow through an individual s brain and a ... |
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| Robotic Telepresence: Perception, Performance, and User Experience |
Feb 2012 |
130 pages |
| Authors:
Linda R Elliott; Chris Jansen; Elizabeth S Redden; Rodger A Pettitt; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| Two experiments examined the effectiveness of telepresence features during indoor and outdoor beyond-line-of-sight robot reconnaissance missions. In the first experiment, Soldier participants controlled a reconnaissance robot with two controllers developed by TNO Human Factors: one with and one without telepresence capabilities. Telepresence capabilities included a stereo visual display and a head-mounted camera that was guided by operator head movements. Soldiers performed equivalent search and identification tasks with each controller interface. ... |
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| Mission-based Scenario Research: Experimental Design And Analysis |
Jan 2012 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Jean Vettel; Brent Lance; Chris Manteuffel; Matthew Jaswa; Marcel Cannon; Tony Johnson; Victor Paul; Kelvin Oie; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| In this paper, we discuss a neuroimaging experiment that employed a mission-based scenario (MBS) design, a new approach for designing experiments in simulated environments for human subjects. This approach aims to enhance the realism of the Soldier-task-environment interaction by eliminating many of the tightly-scripted elements of a typical laboratory experiment; however, the absence of these elements introduces several challenges for both the experimental design and statistical analysis of the experimental ... |
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| Brain Structure-function Couplings (FY11) |
Jan 2012 |
80 pages |
| Authors:
Jean Vettel; Amy Dagro; Stephen Gordon; Scott Kerick; Reuben Kraft; Samantha Luo; Sandhya Rawal; Manny Vindiola; Kaleb McDowell; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| In FY11, a collaborative team of researchers began a new Director's Strategic Initiative (DSI) to examine brain structure-function couplings. The effort aims to develop a multidisciplinary, multiscale understanding of the relationship between the brain's physical structure, its dynamic electrochemical functioning, and human behavior. Here, brain structure refers to the architecture of the brain, namely, the grey matter regions in the brain and the white matter fiber tracts that connect them, ... |
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| Human Factors Engineering Evaluation of the CH-47F Horizontal Situation Display Hover |
Jan 2012 |
112 pages |
| Authors:
Jared Sapp; Sage Jessee; Jonathan Crutcher; Mary C King; Anthony Morris; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| A crew station working group demonstration was conducted on the manual flight control effectiveness and usability of the simulated CH-47F Horizontal Situation Display Hover (HSDH) pilot visual interface. The study compared three HSDH display configurations: (1) the existing CH-47F baseline HSDH, (2) a proposed HSDH redesign, and (3) a default decluttered configuration of the proposed HSDH redesign. Eight career pilots evaluated the HSDH usability under simulated brownout visual conditions for ... |
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| Studies of Properties of Pain Networks as Predictors of Targets of Stimulation for Treatment of Pain |
05 Dec 2011 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
C C Liu; P Franaszczuk; N E Crone; C Jouny; F A Lenz; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| Two decades of functional imaging studies have demonstrated pain-related activations of primary somatic sensory cortex (S1), parasylvian cortical structures (PS), and medial frontal cortical structures (MF), which are often described as modules in a pain network. The directionality and temporal dynamics of interactions between and within the cortical and thalamic modules are uncertain. We now describe our studies of these interactions based upon recordings of local field potentials (LFPs) carried ... |
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| A Meta-Analysis of Factors Influencing the Development of Human-Robot Trust |
Dec 2011 |
58 pages |
| Authors:
Peter A Hancock; Deborah R Billings; Kristin E Oleson; Jessie Y Chen; Ewart De Visser; Raja Parasuraman; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| The effects of human, robot, and environment-related factors impacting perceived trust in human-robot interaction (HRI) were evaluated and quantified using meta-analytic procedures. To date, reviews of trust in HRI have been qualitative or descriptive. Our quantitative review provides a fundamental empirical foundation to advance both theory and practice. Meta-analytic methods were applied to the available literature on trust and HRI. A total of 29 empirical studies were collected, of which ... |
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| Human Factors Assessment of the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Limb Protection Program (QuadGard Phase 3 Pre-Pilot Production Design) |
Sep 2011 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Richard S Bruno; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| After visiting amputees in a military hospital in January 2004, the Secretary of the Navy, Gordon England, ordered the Office of Naval Research to develop body armor to envelop Soldiers'/Marines' limbs. This action resulted in a cooperative program cutting across services, industry, and academia to develop an armor system in less than 180 days. The U.S. Army Research Laboratory s Human Research and Engineering Directorate (HRED) provided human factors design ... |
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| Human Factors Assessment of U.S. Marine Lightweight Helmet Suspension Systems: Standard A Pad System vs. a Proposed Suspension System B HeadGard |
Sep 2011 |
76 pages |
| Authors:
Richard S Bruno; Jim A Faughn; Paul Shorter; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| The U.S. Naval Research Laboratory requested that the U.S. Army Research Laboratory s Human Research and Engineering Directorate compare the HeadGard helmet suspension system with the Marine standard A pad suspension system currently used with the lightweight helmet (LWH). The goal of this effort was to assess the HeadGard helmet suspension s ability to protect the head without compromising the user s comfort and other factors, such as fit and ... |
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| Scalability of Robotic Controllers: An Evaluation of Controller Options-Experiment II |
Sep 2011 |
60 pages |
| Authors:
Rodger A Pettitt; Elizabeth S Redden; Nicholas Fung; Christian B Carstens; David Baran; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| This experiment was designed to investigate options for scaling robotic controllers for use by dismounted Soldiers. A touchscreen controller has the potential to be smaller and lighter than other controller devices because the display and controls are combined in one space. Soldiers performance using an Android touch-screen controller was compared with their performance using a baseline Xbox 360 joystick controller. Thirty Soldiers from the Officers Candidate School served as participants. ... |
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| Effects of Imperfect Automation on Operator's Supervisory Control of Multiple Robots |
Aug 2011 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Jessie Y Chen; Michael J Barnes; Caitlin Kenny; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| A military multitasking environment was simulated to examine the performance of robotics operators whose task was to manage a team of four ground robots with the assistance of RoboLeader, an intelligent agent that could coordinate the robots by changing their plans based on developments in the mission environment. The reliability of RoboLeader s recommendations was manipulated to be either false-alarm prone (FAP) or miss prone (MP), with a reliability level ... |
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| Motion Simulation in the Environment for Auditory Research |
Aug 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Braxton Boren; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| Virtual sound source motion has been implemented in the U.S. Army Research Laboratory's Environment for Auditory Research, which contains a 57-channel spherical loudspeaker array located in a semi-anechoic chamber. Using the low-latency PortAudio application programming interface from the Psychophysics Toolbox Version 3, we are able to dynamically update 57 channels of streaming audio in real time using MATLAB for signal processing. Both Distance-Based Amplitude Panning (DBAP) and Vector Base Amplitude ... |
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| Weighted Phase Lag Index (WPLI) as a Method for Identifying Task-Related Functional Networks in Electroencephalography (EEG) Recordings during a Shooting Task |
Aug 2011 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Sandhya Rawal; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| Weighted Phase Lag Index (WPLI) is a methodology used to identify nonzero phase lag statistical interdependencies between electroencephalography (EEG) time series from pairs of electrodes. Identifying nonzero phase lags may be useful to identify neural interaction among regions based on the known delay for brain region-to-region communication. This project applies WPLI analysis to previously collected EEG data from a Soldier performing a shooting task. WPLI was examined on EEG data ... |
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| Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): Human Factors Assessment |
Jul 2011 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Valerie J Rice; Gaylord Lindsay; Cory Overby; Angela Jeter; Petra E Alfred; Gary L Boykin; Carita De Vilbiss; Raymond Bateman; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| The purpose of this human factors assessment is to identify the human use issues associated with using the Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM). This report is one, in a series of three reports, examining the human factors issues associated with technologies being investigated for their potential to assist with identifying individuals who may have incurred a Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). The Automated ANAM is widely used pre and post deployment in ... |
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| The Perceived Urgency of Tactile Patterns |
JUN 2011 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy L. White; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of stimulus intensity and inter-stimulus interval (ISI) on the perceived urgency and on the detection and identification of tactile patterns. A tactile system that includes an adjustable belt developed by Engineering Acoustics Inc. (EAI) was used to provide tactile stimuli. This adjustable belt, which consists of eight EAI C2 tactors positioned at 45-degree intervals, was worn around each participant?s waist. ... |
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| A Summary of Simulator Sickness Ratings for U.S. Army Aviation Engineering Simulators |
Jun 2011 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Jamison S Hicks; David B Durbin; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| The U.S. Army Research Laboratory Human Research and Engineering Directorate (ARL HRED) uses U.S. Army Aviation engineering helicopter simulators to assess crewstation design for new or modified aircraft. This report summarizes pilot Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) ratings for seven engineering simulators. The ratings were obtained from pilots during the assessments and used to identify if the simulators induced simulator sickness (SS) symptoms, if the symptoms caused significant discomfort which distracted ... |
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| The Effect of Modified Eye Position on Shooting Performance |
APR 2011 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
William Harper; Frank Morelli; Samson Ortega; Patrick Wiley; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| This study was conducted as part of an Army Technology Objective (ATO) called "Helmet Electronics and Display System - Upgradeable Protection" (HEADS-UP) which is a program to leverage science and technology efforts to design a modular-integrated headgear system. This is one of several programs aimed at improving personal protection systems, many of which include adding facial protection from blast and ballistic threats. The addition of facial protection to helmet systems ... |
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| Impact of 360-degree Sensor Information on Vehicle Commander Performance |
Mar 2011 |
106 pages |
| Authors:
Keryl Cosenzo; Jason Metcalfe; Stephen Gordon; Tony Johnson; Theodric Feng; Brad Brumm; A W Evans; Erin Capstick; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| Maintenance of local security is essential for the lethality and survivability in modern urban conflicts. Among solutions the U.S. Army is developing is an indirect-vision display (IVD) based sensor system supporting full-spectrum, 360-degree local area awareness. Unfortunately, such display solutions only address part of the challenge, with remaining issues spawned by the properties of human perceptual-cognitive function. The current study examined the influence of threat properties (e.g., threat type, distance, ... |
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| 2010 Neuroscience Director's Strategic Initiative |
Feb 2011 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Scott Kerick; Anthony J Ries; Kelvin Oie; Tzyy-Ping Jung; Jeng-ren Duann; Jin-Chern Chiou; Liyi Dai; Kaleb McDowell; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| Understanding how Soldiers' cognitive abilities meet the increasing demands of dynamic, complex, and stressful environments is critical for the development of systems that optimize mission effectiveness and maximize Soldier survivability. In order to acquire, monitor, and assess Soldier sensory, perceptual, emotional, cognitive, and physical performance within realistic operational environments, new technologies must be further developed to enable sensing capabilities in these dynamic environments, and innovative research paradigms and data analysis ... |
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| Human Systems Integration Model Analyses in Support of the Joint Service Transportable Decontamination System - Small-Scale Increment I Acquisition Program |
Feb 2011 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Lamar Garrett; Asisat Animashaun; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| In support of the Joint Program Executive Office for Chemical and Biological Defense, U.S. Army Research Laboratory researchers conducted human systems integration (HSI) for the Joint Service Transportable Decontamination System - Small- Scale (JSTD-SS) Increment I that incorporated a Manpower and Personnel Integration (MANPRINT) Assessment and Improved Performance Research Integration Tool models that simulated operator and maintainer workload. The MANPRINT assessment identified no critical issues, one major issue, and several ... |
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| Effects of Cue Reliability on Target Detection and Visual Scanning |
Dec 2010 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy L White; James A Davis; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| Past research has indicated that automated target acquisition systems augment target detection in a way that facilitates faster detection times and increased target detection. However, in real-world applications, such target acquisition systems provide imperfect target classification and are prone to false positive and false negative errors when attempting to identify targets in operational environments. Furthermore, past research indicates a direct relationship between the reliability of the target acquisition system and ... |
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| Feasibility of Audio Training for Identification of Auditory Signatures of Small Arms Fire |
DEC 2010 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Kim Fluitt; Jeremy Gaston; Vandana Karna; Tomasz Letowski; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| Soldiers are exposed to weapon fire, and the ability to identify a specific weapon can greatly improve their situation awareness and enhance their combat effectiveness. Soldiers usually learn to identify the acoustic signatures of these weapons when on the battlefield. Live fire demonstrations prior to missions are important for Soldiers' auditory skills development, but such demonstrations are not always available and are usually limited by the number of weapons available ... |
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| Visual Acuity for High-Contrast Tri-bar Targets Illuminated with Spectra Simulating Night Vision Goggle (NVG) Displays and the No-moon Night Sky |
Nov 2010 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
V G CuQlock-Knopp; Edward Bender; John Merritt; Jennifer Smoot; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| This report presents two studies that measured unaided visual acuity using a 50-in square high-contrast U.S. Air Force (USAF) 1951 Tri-Bar chart viewed from 12 ft at luminance levels ranging from 0.00046 fL (much darker than a night vision goggle [NVG] display of an overcast starlight scene) to 21.5 fL (much brighter than a NVG display of a full-moon scene). To avoid visual noise artifacts, these studies did not use ... |
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| Enhancing S4 with Guidance from the Features of Other Behavior Modeling Systems |
Nov 2010 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel N Cassenti; Charneta L Samms; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| The System-of-Systems Survivability Simulation (S4) is a computer simulation of a military battlefield that was built with the goal of representing realistic Army missions and decision making for the purposes of survivability, lethality, and vulnerability analyses. While S4 is a powerful tool that has the potential to answer important questions about command and control, there are features of S4 that could be enhanced to better represent human behavior. The importance ... |
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| Soldier-Robot Teaming: Effects of Multimodal Collaboration on Team Communication for Robot Reconnaissance |
Oct 2010 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Shaun Hutchins; Keryl Cosenzo; Michael Barnes; Theodric Feng; Krishna Pillalamarri; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| The impacts on performance of three different forms of communication (radio, chat, and tactile belt) were explored in the context of a small unmanned ground vehicle (SUGV) target identification task. The target identification task required a commander with knowledge of target locations and access to a digital map displaying the current SUGV position and orientation to direct a Soldier remotely operating the SUGV to the targets using a finite set ... |
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| Analysis of CREW 3.1 System Center of Mass (COM) |
Sep 2010 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Michael LaFiandra; Richard Kozycki; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| The CREW 3.1 System is an Improvised Explosive Device (IED) jamming device that is worn on the back of a Warfighter. Jack human figure modeling software (Siemens, 2010) was used to help examine the load placement and center of mass (COM) for dismounted Soldiers wearing the CREW 3.1 System and possible implications for metabolic cost. The composite COM of the CREW 3.1 System and the Soldier (including Interceptor Body Armor ... |
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| Experimental Evaluation of Computer-Aided Tele-operation (CATO) and Computer-Aided Robotic Manipulation (CARMAN) Technology |
Aug 2010 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Regina A Pomranky; Keryl Cosenzo; Andrew Bodenhamer; Brad Pettijohn; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| The objective of this research was to experimentally evaluate the effect of Computer-Aided Robotic Manipulation (CARMAN) and Computer Aided Tele-operation (CATO) technologies on manipulator activity and tele-operation, respectively. These technologies were assessed to gauge their effectiveness relative to standard operation of a TALON IIIB. The CARMAN experiment consisted of a light board task with targets. CARMAN has two technologies that were evaluated in this experiment for manipulator control; Point and ... |
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| Intuitive Speech-based Robotic Control |
Apr 2010 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Elizabeth S Redden; Christian B Carstens; Rodger A Pettitt; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| We conducted a speech-based robotic control study using 29 Soldiers recruited from Fort Benning, GA. Findings indicated Soldiers were able to perform a secondary task (writing numbers) significantly faster when operating a robot using speech control versus using manual control. This demonstrated that robotic control requires multitasking and also implies that speech control requires less attention than manual control, thus freeing up cognitive resources for additional tasks. Speech control allowed ... |
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| Supervisory Control of Unmanned Vehicles |
Apr 2010 |
60 pages |
| Authors:
Jessie Y Chen; Michael J Barnes; Michelle Harper-Sciarini; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| The purpose of this report is to review research pertaining to the limitations and advantages of supervisory control for unmanned vehicle (UV) systems. We identify and discuss results showing technologies that mitigate observed problems, such as specialized interfaces and adaptive systems. In the report, we first present an overview of definitions and important terms of supervisory control and human-agent teaming. We then discuss human performance issues in supervisory control of ... |
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| Scaling Robotic Displays: Displays and Techniques for Dismounted Movement with Robots |
Apr 2010 |
72 pages |
| Authors:
Elizabeth S Redden; Rodger A Pettitt; Christian B Carstens; Linda R Elliott; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of display type and robotic employment techniques on robotic control during dynamic dismounted Soldier operations. The study took place at Fort Benning, GA, using Soldiers from the Officer Candidate School (OCS) as participants. The employment techniques contrasted stationary bounding operation with operation of the robot while the Soldier was on the move. The two display types were a handheld display ... |
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| An Overview of Human Figure Modeling for Army Aviation Systems |
Apr 2010 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Jamison S Hicks; David B Durbin; Richard W Kozycki; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
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| The U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Human Research and Engineering Directorate (ARL-HRED) conducts human figure modeling to design and test Army systems. The modeling has been used to assess and improve the ergonomic design and usability of all modernized Army Aviation systems, as well as to reduce analysis and development timelines. ARL-HRED has also developed a digital library of Army Aviation aircraft and equipment to assess whether or not the aircraft ... |
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