| Constitutive Model Parameter Study For Armor Steel And Tungsten Alloys |
Jan 2012 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen J Schraml; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
 | A computational parametric study was performed to assess the influence of the selection of Johnson-Cook constitutive model parameters on the numerical simulation of tungsten rods penetrating rolled homogeneous armor (RHA) steel targets. The parameter space involved two sets of Johnson-Cook model parameters for RHA, two sets of Johnson-Cook parameters for the tungsten rod material, four tungsten rod length-to-diameter (L/D) ratios, and two continuum mechanics codes. Striking velocities considered in the ... |
|
| Measurements of Attenuation and Talk-through Amplification for Two Communications Headset Candidates for the Helmet Electronics and Display System-Upgradeable Protection (HEaDS-UP) Army Technology Objective (ATO) |
Dec 2011 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Angelique A Scharine; Mary S Binseel; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Two tactical communication and protection systems (TCAPS) prototypes were developed for the Helmet Electronics and Display System-Upgradeable Protection (HEaDS-UP) Army Technology Objective (ATO). Attenuation measurements were made for the candidate systems in each of three configurations: in-the-ear (ITE), circumaural, and both (double). Features in the data obtained with the KEMAR auditory test fixture led to additional measurement using a G.R.A.S. hearing protector test fixture type 45CA, but neither set of ... |
|
| Dislocation Transport in Continuum Crystal Plasticity Simulations (First-year Report) |
Dec 2011 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Richard Becker; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Continuity of dislocation flux across element boundaries is introduced into a non-local, explicit finite element code using a continuum crystal plasticity constitutive model. In addition to providing enhanced coupling of the deformation field among neighboring elements, dislocation fluxes are integrated through time to give an estimate of dislocation gradients that serve as a strengthening mechanism. The results demonstrate the effects of dislocation flux continuity and the realization of a size ... |
|
| Simple Guide to Using GNU AutoTools |
Oct 2011 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Travis Parker; R P Ritchey; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| While working on porting a C based project to use the GNU AutoTools for configuration and compilation we discovered that the guides available online were either outdated or not clear enough for someone unfamiliar with AutoTools. After successfully adding AutoTools to that project and many others, we thought other programmers may benefit from what we learned and the basic starter files that we created that make starting a new project ... |
|
| A Discussion of Metrics for Parallelized Army Mobile ad hoc Network Simulations |
Sep 2011 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Dale Shires; Kenneth Renard; Brian Henz; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Mobile ad hoc networks will provide the increasingly net-centric Army fighting force with the ability to communicate across a highly dynamic and evolving operational space. While these networks share traits of commercial wireless networks, they are unique in many regards. Highly mobile forces using communication devices with varying signal strengths and capacities create networks that are difficult to characterize, control, and optimize. There are several approaches that researchers can use ... |
|
| Limited Human Factors Assessment of the QuadGard Limb Protection System: U.S. Marine Corps Systems Command Limb Protection Program Overview (QuadGard Phases 4 and 5 Production Designs) |
Sep 2011 |
58 pages |
| Authors:
Richard S Bruno; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| In response to blast-weapon threats and casualty trends in Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom, the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) was tasked to develop body armor that would protect Soldiers extremities against blast fragments and small arms. NRL assembled a cooperative team to design and develop the QuadGard, which included the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL), FS Technology, and Oklahoma State University. ARL s Human Research and Engineering ... |
|
| An Investigation of Combat Vehicle Ventilation Requirements |
Sep 2011 |
96 pages |
| Authors:
Otto H Heuckeroth; Sam E Middlebrooks; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| There is a concern that some armored vehicles currently in use by the U.S. Army do not meet the requirements for ground vehicles found in MIL-STD-1472F. This report attempts to highlight the requirements for ventilation in closed vehicle systems, such as military tactical vehicles. In this process, numerous quantitative metrics are provided to indicate how those requirements should be addressed by evaluating the current military and commercial standards, as applicable. ... |
|
| Phase Field Modeling of Twinning in Indentation of Transparent Crystals |
Sep 2011 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
J D Clayton; J Knap; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Continuum phase field theory is applied to study elastic twinning in calcite and sapphire single crystals subjected to indentation loading by wedge-shaped indenters. An order parameter is associated with the magnitude of stress-free twinning shear. Geometrically linear and nonlinear theories are implemented and compared, the latter incorporating neo-Hookean elasticity. Equilibrium configurations of deformed and twinned crystals are attained numerically via direct energy minimization. Results are in qualitative agreement with experimental ... |
|
| Multiscale Modeling of Armor Ceramics: Focus on AlON |
Sep 2011 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
G A Gazonas; J W McCauley; I G Batyrev; D Casem; J D Clayton; D P Dandekar; R Kraft; B M Love; B M Rice; B E Schuster; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The computational modeling linkage from the atomistic to the continuum scales of homogeneous and discrete deformation mechanisms (twinning, cleavage, micro-cracking, stacking faults, et cetera), nano- and microstructure and defects, to dynamic failure processes in brittle materials should provide pathways to designing improved mechanical performance through controlled processing. This report will review results from an internal multiscale computational program in first-principles design of armor ceramics, with a focus on an optically ... |
|
| The Use of Sphere Indentation Experiments to Characterize Ceramic Damage Models |
Sep 2011 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
R B Leavy; Rebecca M Brannon; O E Strack; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Sphere impact experiments are used to calibrate and validate ceramic models that include statistical variability and/or scale effects in strength and toughness parameters. These dynamic experiments supplement traditional characterization experiments such as tension, triaxial compression, Brazilian, and plate impact, which are commonly used for ceramic model calibration. The fractured ceramic specimens are analyzed using sectioning, X-ray computed tomography, microscopy, and other techniques. These experimental observations indicate that a predictive material ... |
|
| Operational Equations of State. 1. A Novel Equation of State for Hydrocode |
Sep 2011 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
M A Grinfeld; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| A novel model equation of state (EOS) for hydrocode is suggested. This model is called the delta chi-EOS because it depends on two functions of one variable each. The delta chi-EOS generalizes the classical incomplete EOS like the ideal gas thermal EOS, the van der Waals EOS, and the virial EOS, among others. We demonstrate the incomplete and complete variants of the delta chi-EOS. We also discuss how to recover ... |
|
| Real-Time Ballistic Impact Deformation and Strain Measurements of Transparent TROGAMID Polyamides |
Sep 2011 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Alex J Hsieh; Jian H Yu; John W Song; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Dynamic deformation of two transparent TROGAMID polyamide materials upon ballistic impact is analyzed by utilizing a photogrammetric technique known as digital imaging correlation. The extent of out-of-plane deformation and shear deformation is greater in TROGAMID CX-7323 than in TROGAMID T-5000. These real-time, full-field deformation measurements at various impact velocities enable the differentiation and validation of mode of failure, which is not obtainable directly from the MIL-SPEC V(50) measurements, between the ... |
|
| Wave Propagation in Second-order Nonlinear Piezoelectric Media |
Sep 2011 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
David A Hopkins; George A Gazonas; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Computational results for the response of piezoelectric materials to various excitations are presented. The governing equations are based on a second-order theory of piezoelectricity, which is specialized for the 6mm crystal class. The equations are formulated in a Lagrangian reference configuration. These equations represent the fully coupled nonlinear multiphysics response. Numerical solutions of these equations are first verified using analytical solutions for wave propagation in linear piezoelectric media. The effects ... |
|
| Magnesium Nanocomposites: Current Status and Prospects for Army Applications |
Sep 2011 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Vincent H Hammond; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Due to their low density and high specific properties, the interest in magnesium (Mg) alloys for lightweight structural applications has steadily increased over the last decade. Nevertheless, their use remains limited due to poor room temperature ductility, low elastic modulus, and poor performance at elevated temperature. Recently, however, the use of nano-sized reinforcements has resulted in appreciable improvements in the performance of Mg alloys at both ambient and elevated temperatures. ... |
|
| Low HAP/VOC Compliant Resins for Military Applications |
Sep 2011 |
979 pages |
| Authors:
John La Scala; S Boyd; K Andrews; T Glodek; C Lochner; P Myers; F Levine; D De Bonis; R Hayes; J Sands; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Liquid resins used for molding composite structures are a significant source of hazardous air pollutant (HAP) emissions. One method of reducing styrene emissions from vinyl ester (VE) resins is to replace some or all of the styrene with fatty acid-based monomers. Fatty acid monomers are ideal candidates because they are inexpensive, have low volatilities, and promote global sustainability because they are derived from renewable resources. This patented technology allows for ... |
|
| Extensive Characterization of Cracking in As-fabricated Composite Ceramic Panels Via Ultrasonic and X-ray Computed Tomography Testing |
Aug 2011 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
William H Green; Raymond E Brennan; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Decreasing the weight of protective systems, while minimizing the decrease in ballistic performance, is an ongoing goal of the Army. Ceramic materials are currently combined with other materials in these types of structures in order to decrease weight without losing ballistic performance. This includes structures in which the ceramic material is confined in some way or completely encapsulated. Confinement or encapsulation of ceramic material within a structure generally adds complexity ... |
|
| Effects of Acid Digestion on the Peak Decomposition and Impact Sensitivity of Nitrocellulose |
Aug 2011 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
William M Sherrill; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Cellulose obtained from commercially available cotton balls was acid digested with hydrochloric acid at various times and then nitrated with a nitrating acid mixture to produce acid-digested nitrocellulose. Samples of this material were analyzed to determine the effect, if any, of acid digestion on peak decomposition and sensitivity to impact when compared to an undigested sample of nitrocellulose produced from the same cellulose source. |
|
| Microstructural Investigation and Evaluation of Mechanical Properties in Friction Stir Welded Joints |
Aug 2011 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Brian Justusson; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| With involvement of the United States Military in various places in the world, increased improvements in personnel and vehicle protection are needed. Traditionally, armoring techniques have performed well against particular threats; however, a new threat has emerged from improvised explosive devices (IEDs), which has exposed the vulnerability of the undercarriage of the vehicle to explosions. Various solutions have been proposed to combat this problem, such as implementation of a unibody ... |
|
| Tunable, Highly Ordered TiO2 Nanotube Arrays on Indium Tin Oxide Coated PET for Flexible Bio-sensitized Solar Cells |
Aug 2011 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Joshua J Martin; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Highly ordered, free-standing titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotube (TNT) arrays have been of intense interest in the alternative energies field in recent years due to their barrier-free electron conduction pathway versus TiO2 nanoparticles in dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) designs. TNT arrays prepared by electrochemical anodization of titanium (Ti) foils and combined with a transparent, indium tin dioxide coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film are attractive candidates for efficient, flexible DSSCs. Flexible ... |
|
| Three-Dimensional Bending Analysis of Functionally-Modified Bimorph PZT Actuator for cm-Scale Flapping Wing |
JUL 2011 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Jaret C. Riddick; Asha Hall; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Army combat operations have placed a high premium on reconnaissance missions for micro air vehicles (MAVs). An analysis of insect flight indicates that in addition to the bending excitation (flapping), simultaneous excitation of the twisting degree-of-freedom is required to manipulate the control surface adequately. By adding a layer of angled piezoelectric segments to a Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (also referred to as PZT) bimorph actuator, a bend-twist coupling may be introduced to the ... |
|
| Standoff LIBS: Classification of Hazardous Residues on Painted Surfaces |
JUL 2011 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Jr. De Lucia Frank; Jennifer L. Gottfried; ANDRZEJ W. MIZIOLEK; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Classified painted surfaces by color Classified residues as explosive or non-explosive on painted surfaces Whole spectra PLS-DA model Classification due to constituent elements Classification also due to substrate Ratio PLS-DA model Classification can only be due to constituent elements Fused model decreases false positive rate |
|
| The Auditory Hazard Assessment Algorithm for Humans (AHAAH): Hazard Evaluation of Intense Sounds |
Jul 2011 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
G R Price; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Prediction of hazard from intense sounds requires that predictive algorithms match the properties of the ear. The existing damage risk criteria do not and, as a result, perform badly. At the very high levels typical of gunfire, the ear has distinctive properties. The primary loss mechanism is mechanical stress within the cochlea. The conductive path exhibits spectral tuning, middle ear muscle attenuation of transmission, and peak limiting of stapes displacements. ... |
|
| Fragment Analysis Process for the Joint Trauma Analysis and Prevention of Injury in Combat Program |
Jul 2011 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Karen Pizzolato; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Fragments from the threat and surrounding environment often become embedded in Service Members during an event intheater. Analyzing these fragments is crucial to the characterization and identification of threats. Fragment analysis is one part of the Joint Trauma Analysis and Prevention of Injury in Combat (JTAPIC) Program. JTAPIC is a partnership program that was established at the U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command. JTAPIC fragments are removed during autopsy ... |
|
| Quantitative Histogram Damage Assessment Method for Low Velocity Impact of Transparent Materials |
Jun 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Raymond E Brennan; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Projectile impacts to transparent materials used for window and windshield applications have been evaluated nondestructively to determine the degree of damage and the effect on operator visibility. While qualitative imaging methods can provide information on the volumetric damage sustained after an impact event, a quantitative measurement of visible and invisible damage is necessary for accurate comparison of standard and novel materials being fabricated for vehicle protection. For this reason, a ... |
|
| Nondestructive Characterization of Low Velocity Impact Damage in Transparent Laminate Systems |
JUN 2011 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Raymond E. Brennan; William H. Green; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Advanced transparent materials are used to improve protection efficiency for lightweight vehicles and Warfighters in applications such as face shields, riot gear, and vehicle windows. If any damage occurs, the ability to withstand single or multiple hits from various threats could be compromised. While these issues are most likely to occur due to impacts from high velocity projectiles during combat, they may also be the result of low velocity impacts ... |
|
| BOOM: A Computer-Aided Engineering Tool for Exterior Ballistics of Smart Projectiles |
Jun 2011 |
78 pages |
| Authors:
Mark Costello; Jonathan Rogers; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| This report documents the theory and use of the BOOM computer program. BOOM is an exterior ballistics simulation program specifically designed to predict atmospheric flight of smart projectiles. The software contains a projectile dynamic model coupled to an open structure flight control system. The code can be run on PC, Unix, or Mac systems. |
|
| Using Mobile Devices for Robotic Controllers: Examples and Some Initial Concepts for Experimentation |
Jun 2011 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Rosemarie E Yagoda; Susan G Hill; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The U.S. Army has a great interest in unmanned robotic systems. Robotic systems are seen as potential force multipliers because some robotic systems can do tasks that would otherwise require one or more Soldiers. Robotic systems are also seen in terms of potential force protection because some technology can be used in environments where Soldiers might be at risk, thereby reducing Soldiers' exposure to potential harm. A related area of ... |
|
| Accuracy and Jump Measurements of the 5.56-mm M855 Cartridge |
May 2011 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Ilmars Celmins; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) performed a jump test and analysis to evaluate the accuracy of the M855 projectile when fired from the M4 weapon system, and from a Mann barrel for comparison. The firings consisted of a four 10-round groups, each in a different configuration, fired through the ARL Aerodynamics Experimental Facility spark range. The performance from two different standard barrels was similar. Removal of the compensator resulted ... |
|
| First Principles Calculation of Stress Induced Amorphization in Armor Ceramics |
May 2011 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
D E Taylor; T W Wright; J W McCauley; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Recent experimental work within the U.S. Army Research Laboratory has identified the formation of nanoscale-sized intragranular amorphous bands leading to a marked reduction in ballistic performance of boron carbide (B4C). This pressureinduced amorphization has been examined through application of the Born stability criterion that imposes restrictions on the relative magnitudes of the elastic constants of a stable crystal. The analysis has been conducted for B4C as a function of structural ... |
|
| A Review of Heavy-Fueled Rotary Engine Combustion Technologies |
MAY 2011 |
96 pages |
| Authors:
Chol-Bum M. Kweon; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The rotary engine has been used as one of the powerplants for unmanned aerial vehicles because of its many merits, such as higher power density, light weight, simple design, smooth operation, low vibration, and compact size. However, it also has demerits, such as high fuel consumption and higher maintenance requirements. This report reviews the current status of the heavy-fueled rotary engine combustion technologies and gains insights into the technology gaps ... |
|
| Federal Specification MMM-A-1617B for Adhesive, Rubber-Base, General-Purpose HAP-Free Replacement |
May 2011 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Faye R Toulan; J C Cremers; Ryan D Robinson; John J La Scala; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The goal of the Sustainable Painting Operations for the Total Army (SPOT) program is to significantly reduce the amount of hazardous air pollutant (HAP) emissions produced in coatings operations, including application and removal of adhesives and sealants. This report focuses on potential HAP-free replacements for Federal Specification MMM-A-1617B: Adhesive, Rubber Base, General Purpose. A 180 peel adhesion test was conducted on a series of nine rubber-based contact adhesives using a ... |
|
| Microstructural Influence on Dynamic Properties of Age Hardenable FeMnAl Alloys |
Apr 2011 |
262 pages |
| Authors:
Ryan A Howell; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| A lightweight castable alloy was sought to reduce the MIL-PRF-32269 class II cast steel perforated armor's weight with the requirement that the material had to be manufactured utilizing existing foundry technology and without incurring large alloy cost increases to meet property requirements. Literature on wrought age hardenable Fe-Mn-Al-C alloys suggested this alloy system could achieve weight reduction through high aluminum concentrations with the highest reported strengths exceeding 2 GPa for ... |
|
| Silicon-nanocrystal Optoelectronic Kerr Effect for Complementary Metal-oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) Compatible Optical Switching |
APR 2011 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Neal K. Bambba; Justin R. Bickford; Stefan F. Preble; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| There is a broad Army need to quickly transfer large amounts of data from sensors to processors on a wide variety of systems. Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) compatible optical intra-chip data communication systems would enable this data flow by increasing data rates and reducing circuit size and power. We investigated the fabrication of a monolithic CMOS-compatible optoelectronic silicon (Si) modulator for intra-chip communication. The modulator is designed to take advantage ... |
|
| Biomechanical and Physiological Validation of the Omni-Directional Treadmill Upgrade as a Mobility Platform for Immersive Environments |
Apr 2011 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Angela C Boynton; Kathy L Kehring; Timothy L White; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Technological advances in computer graphics combined with the development of large rearprojection surround displays have enabled the creation of virtual environments that visually immerse the user into a sense of real-world presence. Integration of these visual displays with a mobility interface that enables the user to move through the virtual environment provides instrumentation for more interactive applications. The mobility interface can be as simple and abstract as a mouse or ... |
|
| Observation of an Ultrahard Phase of Graphite Quenched from High-pressure |
Feb 2011 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Jennifer A Ciezak-Jenkins; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| In-situ isothermal high-pressure synchrotron x-ray diffraction, and optical Raman spectroscopy were used to examine the structural properties, equation of state, and vibrational dynamics of highly ordered pyrolytic graphite. The x-ray measurements show that the pressure-volume relations remain smooth to near 5.9 GPa, where there is an abrupt discontinuity. This discontinuity is correlated to a hexagonal-to-monoclinic phase transition, which was previously predicted via ab initio crystal structure algorithms. However, discontinuities in ... |
|
| A Study of Parallel Software Development with HPF and MPI for Composite Process Modeling Simulations |
Jan 2011 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
D Shires; R Mohan; A Mark; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| High performance and parallel computers have greatly increased the feasibility of performing large-scale analysis for engineering applications. However, it does take some effort to effectively use these high performance computing (HPC) resources. Appropriate parallel algorithms must be developed, tested, and optimized. The investment in time and resources required to accomplish this task is most often substantial. Therefore, developments should take place in a framework that is reasonably portable with minimal ... |
|
| Role of Friction on the Thermal Development in Ultrasonically Consolidated Aluminum Foils and Composites |
2011 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Steve Koellhoffer; Jr Gillespie John W.; Suresh G. Advani; Travis A. Bogetti; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Ultrasonic consolidation is a solid-state bonding process capable of producing metal and metal matrix composite parts. In this work a friction-based heat generation model is proposed to characterize the thermal development of ultrasonically consolidated aluminum foils and continuous fiber alumina reinforced aluminum metal matrix composite tape as a function of process control parameters. The friction coefficient between mating surfaces is determined experimentally, and the credibility of using both a constant ... |
|
| Tactile and Visual Identification of the XM106 Bursting Smoke Grenade: Limited User Evaluation |
Dec 2010 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Clifford C Swiecicki; Elizabeth S Redden; Christian B Carstens; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| This experiment evaluated the tactile and visual identification of the XM106 bursting smoke grenade in a variety of situations representing the typical handwear and eyewear configurations of dismounted Warfighters. Thirty-six test Soldiers participated in the evaluation from 17 to 25 September 2009. After being trained on the visual and tactile features of the XM106 bursting smoke grenade and the M83 smoke grenade (with and without a pull safe device), each ... |
|
| An Annotated Bibliography of Studies and Reports Produced by the Advanced Decision Architectures Consortium of the Collaborative Technology Alliance from 2001 to 2010 |
Dec 2010 |
312 pages |
| Authors:
Sam E Middlebrooks; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The purpose of the Advanced Decision Architectures (ADA) Collaborative Technology Alliance (CTA) was to design, test, and transition new cognitive and computer science innovations to facilitate better Soldier understanding of the tactical situation, more thorough evaluation of courses of action, and, ultimately, better and more timely decisions. The ADA CTA was conducted from 2001 to 2009, with final reports being published in 2010. It had four research area technical objectives: ... |
|
| An Emerging Methodology: The System Capabilities Analytic Process (SCAP) |
Dec 2010 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin S Agan; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| To determine whether or not a system has sufficient capability to complete a mission following a damaging event is part of the evolution of combat. This problem cannot be easily answered using traditional methods and metrics within the live-fire analysis community. As traditional analysis efforts have focused on qualitative metrics, a need for a quantitative methodology and metric was identified. To fill this need, the System Capabilities Analytic Process (SCAP) ... |
|
| Physics-Based Models of Brain Structure Connectivity Informed by Diffusion-Weighted Imaging |
Nov 2010 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Jean M Vettel; Danielle Bassett; Reuben Kraft; Scott Grafton; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Recent evidence indicates that neural adaptations related to changes in task performance occur in not only gray matter brain regions but also the white matter fiber tracts that connect the gray matter regions with one another. Here, we propose a framework for linking individual differences in global properties of the brain's anatomical connectivity, or connectome, to individual differences in task performance. We argue that this analysis framework may be optimally ... |
|
| Resonance Phenomena in Goupillaud-type Media |
Oct 2010 |
76 pages |
| Authors:
George A Gazonas; Ani P Velo; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The discrete resonance frequency spectrum is derived for an m-layered Goupillaud-type elastic medium subjected to a discrete, time-harmonic forcing function at one end, with the other end fixed. Analytical stress solutions are derived from a global system of recursion relationships using z-transform methods, where the determinant of the resulting global system matrix Am in the z-space is a palindromic polynomial with real coefficients. The zeros of the palindromic polynomial are ... |
|
| Demonstration/Validation of Tertiary Butyl Acetate (TBAC) for Hand Wipe Cleaning Applications |
OCT 2010 |
407 pages |
| Authors:
Wayne Ziegler; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Traditionally, vehicle, equipment, aircraft, and ship maintenance utilize organic solvents containing hazardous air pollutants (HAP), such as MIL-PRF-680, xylene, & methyl ethyl ketone, to remove dirt, grease, soot, paint debris, and burned-on carbon from various parts. Tertiary Butyl Acetate (TBAC), a HAP-free & volatile organic compound (VOC) exempt solvent, can enable the DoD to demonstrate compliance with NESHAP & VOC regulations without performing the extensive record keeping required when using ... |
|
| Quantitative Gap Measurement in Ceramic Armor Arrays |
Sep 2010 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Seth Ghiorse; Ashig A Quabili; Renee Schoch; William E Fallon; R J Sciortino; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| In order to reduce weight while maintaining ballistic performance, modern armored vehicles often use ceramic-based armor solutions. Ceramic solutions are typically made of a close-fitting periodic array of ceramic tiles, maintaining a specific gap dimension between the tiles. The gap separation distance is critical to the ballistic performance of the system and it is important to have a reliable means of quantitative inspection. This report presents results of a study ... |
|
| Central and Off-Axis Spatial Contrast Sensitivity Measured with Gabor Patches |
Sep 2010 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
William A Monaco; Kent E Higgins; Joel T Kalb; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The U.S. Army acquisition community uses models of human and systems performance to evaluate materiel. One such model, used to assess equipment for the dismounted Soldier, is the Individual Warrior Simulation (IWARS). When Soldier modeling target acquisition, IWARS applies the ACQUIRE model to some portion of the visual scene, determines the probability of detecting a target if one is present, then repeats the process for a different portion of the ... |
|
| Human Research and Engineering Directorate, Major Laboratory Programs: Current Thrust Areas and Recent Research |
SEP 2010 |
312 pages |
| Authors:
Bruce E. Amrein; Daniel N. Cassenti; Keryl A. Cosenzo; Andrea S. Krausman; Michael E. LaFiandra; Brent J. Lance; John F. Lockett; Kaleb G. McDowell; Kelvin S. Oie; Valerie J. Rice-Berg; Charneta L. Samms; Jean M. Vettel; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The U.S. Army Research Laboratory's (ARL's) Human Research and Engineering Directorate conducts a broad-based program of scientific research and technology development directed into two focus areas: (1) enhancing the effectiveness of Soldier performance and Soldier-machine interactions in mission contexts and (2) providing the U.S. Army and ARL with human factors integration leadership to ensure that Soldier performance requirements are adequately considered in technology development and system design. This document provides ... |
|
| A Conceptual Framework to Support a Multi-level Planning Capability |
SEP 2010 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Jitu Patel; Michael C. Dorneich; David Mott; Ali Bahrami; Cheryl Giammanco; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Over the years, military planning has attracted a lot of attention by researchers with the aim of providing automated planning support tools. There have been some successes (e.g., DART system which was used for movement during Gulf war) however, to-date, planning still remains a very human activity with little or no automated support tools. Why? A possible reason for this predicament is that researchers have not fully conceptualized the problem. ... |
|
| Scalability of Robotic Controllers: Effects of Progressive Levels of Autonomy on Robotic Reconnaissance Tasks |
Aug 2010 |
70 pages |
| Authors:
Rodger A Pettitt; Elizabeth S Redden; Estrellina Pacis; Christian B Carstens; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| This investigation of the effects of progressive levels of autonomy on robotic reconnaissance task performance was a cooperative effort between the U.S. Army Research Laboratory/Human Research and Engineering Directorate (ARL/HRED) and Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center San Diego (SSC Pacific). Thirty Soldiers served as participants. After training on the operation of the robotic system, each Soldier completed building reconnaissance exercises using three different levels of robotic automation (teleoperation, semi-autonomous, ... |
|
| Dynamic Pressure Testing of a 155-mm Howitzer Ballistic Window Using a Closed Bomb Vessel |
Aug 2010 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
John J Ritter; Barrie E Homan; William Thalman; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) was tasked by the Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC) to dynamically pressure test a chamber window design that is required to withstand dynamic loads up to 63.3 ksi. The window is a part of a proposed system to replace the chemical primer with a Diode Pumped Laser Ignition System (DPLIS) for use on the M777 LW155 towed howitzer. A modified closed bomb ... |
|
| Effectiveness of Stereoscopic Displays for Indirect-Vision Driving and Robot Teleoperation |
Aug 2010 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Jessie Y Chen; Razia V Oden; Caitlin Kenny; John O Merritt; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| A three-part experiment was conducted to investigate the usefulness of two types of three-dimensional (3-D) stereoscopic displays (SDs) for simulated indirect-vision driving (with various terrains) and live robot teleoperation. Results showed that overall, participants completed their tasks significantly faster when they used an SD in 3-D mode compared to the baseline two-dimensional (2-D)/monoscopic condition. They also navigated more accurately with SDs in 3-D mode. When the effectiveness of the SDs ... |
|
Reports by Corporate Author
