| Convection/Diffusion Test Method for Porous Materials Using the Dynamic Moisture Permeation Cell |
MAR 98 |
|
| Authors:
Phillip Gibson; Donald Rivin; Cyrus Kendrick; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
 | This report describes the use of an automated apparatus and test procedure to determine the convective and diffusive gas and vapor transport properties of small pieces of woven and nonwoven fabrics, membranes, and foams. The apparatus allows measurement of these properties in the very small quantities typical of material development programs, where the largest sample available may only be 1-10 sq cm in area. The convection- diffusion test method outlined ... |
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| CALIBRATION AND TESTING OF A COMPUTER-BASED CAMOUFLAGE EVALUATION SYSTEM, |
FEB 1998 |
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| Authors:
LISA B. HEPFINGER; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
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| (U) THIS PAPER DISCUSSES THE MOBILE ARMY CAMOUFLAGE EVALUATION SYSTEM WHICH WAS DEVELOPED TO PROVIDE DEVELOPERS OF SOLDIER CAMOUFLAGE TREATMENTS WITH A PORTABLE, COMPUTER BASED TOOL FOR RANKING THE FIELD PERFORMANCE OF PROTOTYPES, CORRELATING WITH HUMAN VISUAL EVALUATIONS. THE SYSTEM DETERMINES THE VALUE OF A SET OF FEATURES FOR EACH COMPONENT OF THE INTERNATION COMMISSION ON ILLUMINATION (CIELAB) COLOR SPACE, INCLUDING STATISTICAL TEXTURE MEASUREMENTS AND FIRST ORDER DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS FOR ... |
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| Investigation of Tent Heating Alternatives |
FEB 93 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen A. Rei; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
 | Current military tent heaters have remained essentially unchanged since World War II. While these heaters are still effective, they can be dangerous if operated Improperly and are considered by some to be unsafe. A comprehensive survey of heater manufacturers was conducted to help identify new equipment, technology, or modifications to existing equipment hopefully resulting in safer, more efficient heaters for military shelters and tents. Several conclusions can be drawn from ... |
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| Notional Helmet Concepts: A Survey of Near-Term and Future Technologies |
MAR 91 |
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| Authors:
Henry Girolamo; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
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| This research identified, explored, and evaluated near-term and future technologies having potential applications in developing a future helmet- mounted display and an integrated battlefield communication/information management system that will enhance the dismounted soldier's performance. This report was written with the combat developer in mind and is intended to serve as a technology guide. Helmet-mounted displays would have a multi-purpose full-face shield capable of displaying alphanumeric data and graphics. It would ... |
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| Use and Care of the Integrated Individual Fighting System (IIFS) |
91 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| This pamphlet was prepared to help understand the use, care, and the required maintenance of the Integrated Individual Fighting System (IIFS) components. It includes item descriptions of each component of the IIFS, as well as general use and care instructions, and general repair procedures. Descriptive and reference data is also provided. The IIFS is composed of eight separate equipment and clothing items that, when used together will lighten individual combat ... |
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| Efficacy of Solvent and Water-Based Preservatives for Wood. Phase 2 |
FEB 90 |
|
| Authors:
Marvin Greenberger; Raymond V. Spring; David L. Kaplan; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| In order to compare the effectiveness of US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) registered copper- and zinc-based preservatives for wood, eight formulations were applied to pine wood blocks for exposure in leaching, weathering and soil burial testing. Leaching and particularly weathering had some effect on compressive strength of the wood block sets. Weight changes during soil exposure were small as contrasted to compressive strength losses. The compressive strength data suggest that ... |
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| A Computer Program to Implement the Chen Method of Dimensional Analysis |
JAN 90 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Philip Cunniff; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| A computer program to implement the Chen method of dimensional analysis is presented. The Chen method allows for relatively easy determination of dimensional groups using matrix algebra. The computer program to implement the method provides dimensional groups in simple format and is written in standard Fortran 77. Several examples of the use of the program are provided. |
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| Air Force Flight Feeding. Volume 1. Evaluation of Current System and Alternative Concepts |
JUL 89 |
157 pages |
| Authors:
Robert O'Brien; Barbara Bell; Christopher Rees; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| This report covers the initial phase of the project, during which the current Air Force flight feeding system was evaluated via an extensive data collection and analysis effort. Project objectives included development of a new flight feeding system concept to meet the needs of current flight missions as well as those of the coming decade, improved flight meal customer acceptance, and increased operating efficiency of flight kitchens. Crew opinions were ... |
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| Hospital Liquid Diet Evaluation, Two-Day Menu |
SEP 88 |
116 pages |
| Authors:
Joanne Edinberg; Dianne Engell; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| The acceptance and consumption of a new two-day hospital liquid diet were evaluated and compared to the liquid diets currently served at eight military hospitals. On alternating days, patients whose jaws were wired because of a dental procedure or jaw injury were served the new liquid diet or the hospital's current liquid diet for a total of four days. Nine-point scales were used by patients to rate the appearance, flavor, ... |
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| ENHANCED SENSITIVITY OF THE ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBANT TECHNIQUE FOR MICROBIAL PROTEIN TOXINS. |
01 JUN 1988 |
|
| Authors:
GERALD SILVERMAN; CLAIRE LEE; GERALD G. ROY; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBANT ASSAYS (ELISA) HAVE BEEN DEVISED FOR TWO DIVERSE MICROBIAL PROTEIN TOXINS, BOTULINUM NEUROTOXIN A (BNTA), ONE OF A FAMILY OF THE MOST LETHAL MICROBIAL TOXINS KNOWN, AND STAPHYLOCOCCAL ENTEROTOXIN A (SEA), A MAIN CAUSE OF FOOD-BORNE INTOXICATION. BOTH TOXINS HAVE BEEN PREVIOUSLY SHOWN BY THE AUTHORS TO BE ENVIRONMENTALLY STABLE AND SEA HAS RECENTLY BEEN REPORTED TO RETAIN ACTIVITY AFTER BEING SUBJECTED TO COMMERCIAL THERMAL PROCESSING. A FURTHER ... |
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| CHEMICAL AGENT DECONTAMINATION BY ENZYME DETERGENT FORMULATIONS. |
01 JUN 1988 |
|
| Authors:
JOSEPH A. AKKARA; David L. Kaplan; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| CATALYTIC BREAKDOWN OF DFP AND OTHER ORGANOPHOSPHONATES WAS EVALUATED USING AN ESCHERICHIA COLI ENZYME EXTRACT AND OTHER COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE ENZYMES IN LAUNDRY DETERGENT FORMULATIONS AND DETERGENT COMPONENTS AT DIFFERENT PH VALUES AND TEMPERATURES. THE HYDROLYSIS OF CHEMICAL AGENT WAS INCREASED UP TO 16-FOLD WITH THE ENZYME LAUNDRY DETERGENT FORMULATION (CONTAINING E. COLI ENZYME EXTRACT) OVER THAT OBSERVED WITH THE LAUNDRY DETERGENT FORMULATION ALONE AT PH 9.5. CHEMICAL AGENT, HYDROLYZED AT ... |
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| FACTORS MODIFYING THE PENETRABILITY OF PROTEIN CONTAINING AEROSOLS THROUGH FABRICS. |
01 JUN 1988 |
|
| Authors:
JOHN REECE; GERALD G. ROY; GERALD J. SILVERMAN; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| AN APPARATUS WAS CONSTRUCTED TO DETERMINE THE PENETRATION OF PROTEIN CONTAINING AEROSOLS THROUGH A BARRIER OF MILITARY CLOTHING FABRIC. BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN, MW 66,000, WAS CHOSEN AS THE PROTEIN TOXIN SURROGATE IN THE MODEL SYSTEM. AEROSOL VELOCITY, PARTICLE SIZE, AND CONCENTRATION BOTH UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM OF THE FABRIC, AS WELL AS DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE ACROSS THE FABRIC BARRIER WERE CHARACTERIZED FOR BOTH DISTILLED WATER AND ANALYTE IN NEUTRAL BUFFER. THE PRINCIPLE ... |
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| EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION OF A MASS TRANSFER MODEL FOR CHEMICAL WARFARE (CW) PROTECTIVE MATERIALS. |
01 JUN 1988 |
|
| Authors:
JOHN W. HALLIDAY; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| MATERIALS DEVELOPED FOR CW PROTECTION APPLICATIONS ARE OFTEN MULTI- COMPONENT STRUCTURES EXHIBITING COMPLEX MASS TRANSFER BEHAVIOR. EVALUATION OF SUCH MATERIALS IS DEPENDENT ON ADEQUATE PERFORMANCE INDICATORS - USUALLY TESTING WITH LIVE AGENTS. OBTAINING SUFFICIENTLY DETAILED INFORMATION FROM LIVE AGENT TESTS TO ANSWER OTHER THAN THE MOST BASIC QUESTIONS IS PROHIBITIVELY EXPENSIVE AND, IN MANY CASES, TECHNICALLY NOT FEASIBLE. ON THE OTHER HAND THE USE OF SURROGATES TO MIMIC THE PERMEATION ... |
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| SULFITE IN MILITARY RATIONS: DETECTION, OPTIMIZATION, AND ALTERNATIVES. |
01 JUN 1988 |
|
| Authors:
KIM HIE-JOON; IRWIN A. TAUB; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| DUE TO THE HEALTH RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH SULFITING AGENTS IN FOODS, THE USE OF SULFITE IN FOODS HAS COME UNDER STRICT CONTROL BY THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION. IT IS PRUDENT, THEREFORE, TO MINIMIZE THE USE OF SULFITE IN MILITARY RATIONS WITHOUT COMPROMISING THE SHELF-LIFE OF THE RATIONS. IN ORDER TO OPTIMIZE THE SULFITE LEVEL IN RATIONS, A RELIABLE ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUE WAS NEEDED. CONSEQUENTLY, A NEW ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR SULFITE ... |
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| EXPERT SYSTEM TO LIGHTEN THE SOLDIER'S LOAD. |
01 JUN 1988 |
|
| Authors:
PHILIP H. WARREN; HEATHER L. DRAGSBAEK; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| THE DOCTRINE FOR A SOLDIER'S MARCHING LOAD IS 45 PERCENT OF BODY WEIGHT, OR 72 POUNDS FOR A SOLDIER WEIGHING 160 POUNDS. FOR CLOSE COMBAT THE LOAD IS 30 PERCENT OF BODY WEIGHT OR 45 POUNDS. THESE LIMITS WERE DERIVED FROM HUMAN FACTORS ANALYSES OF THE WEIGHT AND DISTRIBUTION OF LOADS THAT A SOLDIER COULD CARRY IN A TEMPERATE CLIMATE WITHOUT SIGNIFICANT DEGRADATION OF HIS ABILITY TO COMPLETE HIS MISSION. ... |
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| THE NEED FOR ISSUING A BETTER FITTING UNIFORM. |
01 JUN 1988 |
|
| Authors:
ANTHONY S. PINGIARO; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| THE MEN'S CURRENT, ALL SEASON ARMY DRESS UNIFORM -- THE POLY/WOOL ARMY GREEN 344 COAT AND TROUSER -- HAS BEEN IN THE SYSTEM SINCE 1965. THE FIT OF THE COAT WAS IMPROVED IN 1983 BY MODIFYING THE WAIST AND SLIGHTLY SLIMMING THE HIP AREA. BY THE NEXT YEAR, 1984, A NEWLY DEVELOPED FUSIBLE FABRIC WAS BEING TESTED AND NOW FUSIBLE GARMENTS ARE BEING PROCURED. FROM THE STANDPOINT OF TRADITION IN ... |
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| SOLDIER FEEDBACK FOR BETTER PRODUCTS. |
01 JUN 1988 |
|
| Authors:
BARBARA A. JEZIOR; CHARLES A. GREENE; ANNETTE SALVATO; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| FOOD, CLOTHING, EQUIPMENT AND SHELTERS IMPACT ON SOLDIER PERFORMANCE AND MORALE IN THE FIELD. IF ANY OF THESE BASIC, CRUCIAL COMMODITIES ARE AVERSIVE, OR, EVEN WORSE, NOT SUPPLIED BY THE SYSTEM, SOLDIER EFFECTIVENESS CAN BE IMPAIRED. THREE YEARS AGO NATICK RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER CREATED A PROGRAM TO OBTAIN SOLDIER FEEDBACK ON THESE BATTLEFIELD BASICS SO IT COULD MEASURE PRODUCT EFFICACY, REMEDY DEFICIENCIES, AND IDENTIFY UNMET NEEDS. THE PROGRAM ... |
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| THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ON CANDIDATE ADHESIVES FOR STRUCTURAL TENT SEAMS. |
01 JUN 1988 |
|
| Authors:
J. ALEXANDER GALEZEWSKI; GEORGE DITTMEIER; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| THE PURPOSE OF THIS WORK WAS TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS, TEMPERATURE AND MOISTURE, ON SOLVENT-BASED NEOPRENE AND POLYESTER ADHESIVE SYSTEMS SELECTED FOR JOINING LAMINATED POLYESTER AND AROMATIC POLYAMIDE FABRICS INTENDED FOR LARGE TEST STRUCTURES. THE SINGLE LAP JOINT IS EASY TO ASSEMBLE AND THUS ESPECIALLY DESIRABLE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LARGE AND COMPLEX TENTS. SHEAR, PEEL AND CREEP TESTS WERE EMPLOYED TO MEASURE THE STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF ... |
|
| TECHNIQUE FOR LUMINESCENT CHARACTERIZATION OF AMINOANTHRAQUINONE DYES ON NYLON. |
01 JUN 1988 |
|
| Authors:
Masato Nakashima; DAVID E. REMY; Joseph F. Roach; Leonard A. Levasseur; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| IN GENERAL, THEORETICAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN MOLECULAR STRUCTURES OF DYE MOLECULES AND THEIR FLUORESCENCE EFFICIENCIES HAVE BEEN STUDIED EXTENSIVELY FOR SOLUTIONS. HOWEVER, A DIRECT APPLICATION OF THE THEORIES TO SUCH SOLID SYSTEMS AS DYED FABRIC IS NOT WARRANTED. THIS PAPER DESCRIBES OUR EXPERIMENTAL WORK TO RELATE FLUORESCENCE EMITTED FROM SOLUTIONS AND FROM DYED FABRICS. USING A CONTINUOUS WAVE ARGON LASER AS AN EXCITATION SOURCE, WE HAVE CONDUCTED FLUORESCENCE EFFICIENCY MEASUREMENTS OF ... |
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| MICROBIAL POLYSACCHARIDES FOR MILITARY MATERIAL APPLICATIONS. |
01 JUN 1988 |
|
| Authors:
David L. Kaplan; JEAN MAYER; BONNIE WILEY; STEVE ARCIDIACONO; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| BIOPOLYMERS HAVE UNIQUE CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL, AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES THAT CAN PROVIDE IMPROVED FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS WHEN COMPARED TO SYNTHETIC POLYMERS. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS RESEARCH IS TO INVESTIGATE THESE PROPERTIES BY STUDYING THE CONDITIONSA UNDER WHICH THE POLYMERS ARE SYNTHESIZED, CONTROLLING THE SYNTHESIS IN ORDER TO PRODUCE DEFINED AND PREDICTABLE MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTIONS, AND EVALUATING THESE DISTRIBUTIONS IN FILM OR FIBER FORMS FOR PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES RELATED TO SPECIFIC ARMY ... |
|
| NUMERICAL MODELING OF CONTAMINANT DISPERSION IN AIR BY BUOYANCY-DRIVEN FLOWS WITHIN FABRIC STRUCTURES. |
01 JUN 1988 |
|
| Authors:
R. STRUAN ROBERTSON; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| WHEN FABRIC STRUCTURES ARE IN AN ENVIRONMENT WHERE THE EXTERNAL CONCENTRATION OF CONTAMINANT IS HIGHER THAN THE INTERNAL CONCENTRATION, THE CONTAMINANT WILL TEND TO DIFFUSE THROUGH THE FABRIC OR SEEP THROUGH THE SEAMS. BECAUSE OF THERMAL GRADIENTS WITHIN THE STRUCTURE, A FLOW FIELD IS ESTABLISHED. THUS, IN ADDITION TO DIFFUSION, THE CONTAMINANT IS DISPERSED AWAY FROM THE WALLS BY CONVECTIVE TRANSPORT. THE GOVERNING EQUATIONS FOR THIS CLASS OF PROBLEMS ARE ... |
|
| SIMULATION OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER PHENOMENA IN AIR MICROCLIMATE COOLING GARMENTS. |
01 JUN 1988 |
|
| Authors:
BARRY S. DECRISTOFANO; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| MICROCLIMATE COOLING HAS BEEN INSTALLED IN THE M1A1 ABRAMS TANK AND IS IN PLANNING FOR OTHER GROUND VEHICLES AND AVIATION COMBAT VEHICLES AS WELL. IN ORDER TO IMPROVE BOTH THE FUNCTION OF THE PRESENT AIR VEST AND TO SPEED FIELDING OF AN IMPROVED ARTICLE, A MATHEMATICAL MODEL HAS BEEN DEVELOPED OF THE HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER PROCESSES OCCURRING WHEN THE VEST IS IN USE. STARTING WITH THE FUNDAMENTAL GOVERNING EQUATIONS ... |
|
| Navy Automated Food Service Records Management and Control System |
FEB 88 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
Paul H. Peter; Jeff Hopkins; Ellen True; Teresa Thanos; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| The Government Accounting (GAO) and the Defense Audit Survey (DAS) reports indicate that the lack of management control in food service has been associated with losses exceeding $100 million. The US Army Natick Research, Development and Engineering center (NRDEC) was tasked to develop a concept for automating enlisted dining facility records in the Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps. The Navy Automated Food Service Records (NAFSR) System was designed not ... |
|
| Evaluation of Three Fungicidal Treatments for Wool Felt |
DEC 87 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
M. Greenberger; M. Shea; D. L. Kaplan; A. M. Kaplan; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| In order to compare the effectiveness of fungicidal treatments, wool felt sheet was treated with three fungicides and evaluated for resistance to leaching and microbial deterioration in soil burial, The dihydroxydichlorodiphenyl methane (G-4) treatment was nonprotective against microbial deterioration and the salicylanilide treatment was only marginally protective. Copper-8-quinolinolate was the only fungicide, in this study, that provided durable protection against biodeterioration in soil burial. The data suggest that copper-8-quinolinolate should ... |
|
| Production and Analysis of the Biopolymer Chitosan from Mucor rouxii |
NOV 87 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
S. Arcidiacono; D. L. Kaplan; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| To determine the potential for the production of chitosan with physiochemical properties from a fungal source, growth studies were conducted using Mucor rouxii. Growth of the organism under a variety of conditions was studied to determine the effects on polymer molecular weight distributions and biomass production. Modifications of processing protocols were also evaluated to examine the effects of yields of chitosan extracted from the fungal cell wall as well as ... |
|
| Control of Molecular Weight Distribution of the Biopolymer Pullulan Produced by the Fungus Aureobasidium pullulans |
OCT 87 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
B. J. Wiley; S. Arcidiacono; S. Sousa; J. M. Mayer; D. L. Kaplan; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| This report summarizes one section of this study, the evaluation of environmental conditions and their influence on the biopolymer pullulan molecular weight distribution and yield. Films, fibers, and chemical derivatives made from these different molecular weight products, and the characterization of these materials will provide the bases for another report. In order to determine optimum growth conditions for the control of molecular weight distribution of extracellular pullulan, preliminary studies utilized ... |
|
| Enzyme Formulation for Laundering and Decontaminating Chemically Contaminated Clothing |
SEP 87 |
|
| Authors:
Joseph A. Akkara; David L. Kaplan; Arthur M. Kaplan; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| Catalytic breakdown of Soman, DFP and other organophosphonates was evaluated using an Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) enzyme extract and other commercially available enzymes in detergent formulations and detergent components at different pHs and temperatures. The hydrolysis of Soman was increased up to sixteen-fold with the enzyme detergent formulation (containing E. coli enzyme extract) over that observed with the detergent formulation alone at pH 9.5. Soman hydrolyzed at pH 9.5 and ... |
|
| Reactivity of Compressed Acetyllysine-Glucose-Cellulose Models |
JUL 87 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
K. A. Narayan; Robert Piper; John Fry; John Kapsalis; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| Nutritional Sustainment Modules (NSMs) being developed for the battlefield conditions of the future (Army 21) require unprecedented energy density and extraordinary nutrient stability for prolonged periods (possibly up to one year) without refrigeration. A recent observation demonstrated that c compressed food model had increased oxidation stability of the fat component compared with its corresponding uncompressed food model. The nutritional quality of the protein component of foods is readily compromised under ... |
|
| Physical Parameters Affecting Liquid Penetration and Wetting of Fabrics |
JUN 87 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald Segars; Ernest Johnson; Landa Hoke; Cedric Buettner; Brain Pangrle; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| The purpose of this research is the development and evaluation of a test procedure for determining the water repellency of films and fabrics of military interest. The approach selected has been used by several investigators. The method determines the critical surface tension (gamma sub c) of the material by measuring the angle of contact between the fabric and a series of liquids of different surface tensions. A camera microscope system ... |
|
| Stability of Vitamins C, B1, B2 and B6 in Fortified Beef Stew |
SEP 86 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Miriam H. Thomas; Bonita M. Atwood; K. A. Narayan; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| A study was conducted to determine the stability of ascorbic acid, thiamin, riboflavin and pyridoxine (vitamins, C, B1, B2 and B6, respectively) in fortified and unfortified beef stew before and after thermoprocessing in a 105- fluid ounce flat can (Tray Pack) as well as after simulated preparation for field feeding to troops. The results indicate that only thiamin underwent considerable degradation during thermal processing to a minimum F(o) of 6.0. ... |
|
| Effect of Processing and Preparation for Serving on Vitamin Content in T, B, and A Ration Peas and Carrots |
MAY 86 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Young-Kyung Kim; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| The nutritional quality of T, B, and A Rations was compared using peas and carrots. A meat item (pork) had been studied previously. All three rations were subjected to various heating and holding procedures to simulate the military serving practices. Two most heat labile vitamins, ascorbic acid and thiamin, were chosen as sensitive indicators of change upon each treatment. For both T and B Rations, the retention of thiamin is ... |
|
| The Antimicrobial Effects of Various Nutrient Electrolyte Beverages |
MAY 86 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
D. B. Rowley; D. Johnson; G. E. Shattuck; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| The purpose of this study was to determine if Staphylococcus aureus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae or the mold Aspergillus flavus could survive and muliply in Quenchade, Gatorade, and other electrolyte beverages to the point of creating a stability problem or a health hazard to NBC encapsulated personnel. During periods longer than 6 h, such individuals may need liquid energy and electrolyte supplements (Na+ and Cl-) capable of being consumed through the drinking ... |
|
| An Evaluation of Foods Processed in Tray Pack versus Two Standard Food Service Containers. Part 1. Sensory, Container and Bacteriological Tests |
FEB 86 |
75 pages |
| Authors:
Robert A. Kluter; Joseph W. Szczeblowski; Margaret Branagan; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| Purpose of the study was to evaluate nine main meal foods over a 36- month period of storage. Three processing/packaging combinations of each food were included: (1) precooked frozen, packed in half-size steamtable aluminum foil trays; (2) heat-processed in cylindrical No. 10 cans; and (3) heat- processed in rectangular tray cans. Frozen products were stored at a constant - 18C; heat-processed products at 21 and 38C. Products were evaluated initially ... |
|
| Storage Study of Electrolyte Beverage for NBC (Nuclear, Biological, or Chemical) Environment |
30 DEC 85 |
|
| Authors:
John J. Howker; Glenn Mullins; James Halkiotis; Jack Briggs; C. P. Dunne; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| The purpose of the project was to describe and report the effects of storage duration and temperature on NBC electrolyte beverage. The NBC electrolyte beverage stored 24 months at 4.4 C and 21.1 C was satisfactory. The product stored 9 to 12 months at 37.7 C had flavor deterioration. |
|
| Twelve-Day Field Test of Ration, Lightweight, 30-Day at Fort Chaffee, Arkansas |
01 NOV 85 |
101 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen F. Siegel; Paula M. Poole; Eldon W. Askew; Margaret A. Kinney; Carol Shaw; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| During the period of 26 September to 9 October 1985, a field test of the prototype Ration Lightweight, 30-Day (RLW-30) was conducted at Ft. Chaffee, Arkansas. The test was designed to evaluate the RLW-30 under field conditions. For comparison purposes, some of the subjects consumed the Food Packet Assault (FP ration or a combination of Meal, Ready-to-Eat (MRE) components, other ration components, and commercial products. Subjects in the RLW-30 and ... |
|
| Bibliography of Technical Publications, Papers, and List of Patents: October 1984 - September 1985 |
NOV 85 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Carol J. Bursik; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| This report contains a bibliographic listing of technical publications and papers presented by personnel of the US Army Natick Research & Development Center and its contractors for the period October 1984 through September 1985 and a list of patents issued. Citations are provided for reports from the following laboratories: Aero-mechanical Engineering Lab.; Food Engineering Lab.; Individual Protection Lab.; and Science and Advanced Technology Lab. Keywords: Army research laboratories and Army ... |
|
| Sealing Mustard Jars with Plastic Linerless Closures |
OCT 85 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
G. Kaprielian; J. Herne; G. Jarboe; J. Kalick; N. Harris; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| The purpose of this study was to test the effect of a proposed new state-of-the-art plastic linerless closure to be used on one-quart (2-pound) and one-gallon glass jars to package mustard for the military. Product was received, packaged according to military requirements except for lids, and vibrated to simulate shipping conditions and to determine whether the caps performed as intended. Also, accelerated storage studies were conducted on mustard produce evaluating ... |
|
| The Acceptability of Food and Food Service at Fitzsimons Army Medical Center Under Military and Contract Operation |
SEP 85 |
85 pages |
| Authors:
Carol Shaw; Leon Klarman; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| In order to compare the consumer acceptability of food and food sevice at Fitzsimons Army Medical Center under military and contracted operations, the authors conducted acceptability studies three months before and three and nine months after the conversion to contract food service. The data were analyzed by an analysis of variance or loglinear models. Results clearly showed a decrease in consumer acceptance by both patients and hospital staff under contracted ... |
|
| A Systems Analysis to Define the Types of Rations Needed to Support Amphibious Operations |
SEP 85 |
122 pages |
| Authors:
Paul M. Short; George S. Levesque; Dianna R. McAllister; Carole G. Kanter; Janice E. Rosado; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| Principal project requirements centered on developing the minimum ration system needed to support amphibious operations in the 1990-2000 time frame. The approach called for: (1) identifying the future combat mission requirements of the Marine Corps; (2) developing preferred ration design objectives that best supported these mission requirements; and (3) subsequently designing a ration system concept that optimized these preferred objectives. Specific areas covered in the analysis included identification of the ... |
|
| Operational Guides for Frozen Products Prepared by the F. E. Warren Foil Pack Facility |
JUL 85 |
150 pages |
| Authors:
Vicki A. Loveridge; Janice E. Rosado; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| Thirty-two operational guides are given for the procurement, issuing of ingredients, and preparation of frozen foods in the Air Force missile site feeding system. Each item's guide presents formulations for specific batch sizes and ingredients are listed in units used for procurement. Procedures for preparation incorporate methods and equipment used at the F.E. Warren Foil Pack Preparation Facility. Operational and Ingredient Room Notes cover information on alternate preparations and ingredients ... |
|
| Technology Demonstrations of the Proposed USMC Field Feeding System for the 1990s |
JUN 85 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
H. J. Kirejczyk; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| This report documents three field evaluations (technology demonstrations) of the proposed new field feeding system concept to support U.S. Marine Corps combat forces in the 1990s. Field evaluation objectives were to validate required system performance characteristics and projected system benefits. Evaluation results clearly demonstrate that the proposed system has the responsiveness, mobility, and flexibility characteristics required to maximize both the frequency and the acceptability of the hot meals provided, given ... |
|
| Fungal Resistance of Nonmetallic Honeycomb Core Materials for Shelter Panels |
JUN 85 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
M. Greenberger; B. J. Wiley; A. M. Kaplan; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| Commercial and military shelter-grade honeycomb core structure materials were evaluated to determine their resistance to biodeterioration. These materials were bio-susceptible not only to fungi, but to termites as well. Recommendations were made to lengthen their use life by addition of fungicides to kraft paper and adhesive materials, by use of inherently bioresistant materials, and by employment of approved pesticide control techniques. As a result of these studies, (1) the specification ... |
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| Biotransformation of Waste Water Constituents from Ball Powder Production |
JUN 85 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
N. G. McCormick; T. D. Peltonen; A. M. Kaplan; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| This report describes the biotransformation of compounds present in various waste streams from the manufacture of ball powder. In the presence of rich nutrients the compounds diethylphthalate, dibutylphthalate, 2- ethylhexanoate, diphenylamine, 2-nitro-diphenylamine, diethyldiphenylurea (ethylcentralite), and 2,4-dinitrotoluene were biotransformed by a consortium of microorganisms from an inoculum of anaerobic and/or activated sewage sludge. All compounds were susceptible under one set of conditions or another (i.e., aerobic or anaerobic, static culture or ... |
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| A Systems Analysis of Food Service at Army Remote and Isolated Sites |
JUN 85 |
136 pages |
| Authors:
Richard Laferriere; James Ovelman; Lawrence Symington; James Prifti; D. P. Leitch; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| The food service operations in permanent Army small group sites at remote locations were rated very favorably overall by both customers and cooks. In addition, none of the major problems identified in the analysis were both Army systemwide and unique to small sites. Therefore, a completely new food service system for small, remote sites is not recommended. However, a number of subsystem, site, command, or location-specific problems are identified and ... |
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| Survey Evaluation of Marine Corps Food Service Schools at Camp Johnson, North Carolina |
MAR 85 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
Leonard Flynn; Barbara A. Jezior; Lawrence E. Symington; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| The three Marine Corps food service schools at Camp Johnson, NC, were evaluated by means of questionnaires and survey data collected at Marine Corps bases from food service officers and dining facility managers. Food service officers rated the Staff NCO Course, while the dining facility managers rated the Staff NCO Course, the NCO Course and the Basic Course. Skills taught at all schools were rated as to: (1) training adequacy, ... |
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| A Systems Analysis of Army Field Bread and Bakery Requirements |
FEB 85 |
102 pages |
| Authors:
H. J. Kirejczyk; W. Chevalier; B. Edelman; R. V. Decareau; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| The systems analysis addresses alternatives to satisfy the Army's field bread product requirement, including fresh bread from mobile bakeries and host nation support, shelf-stable end products (canned bread, crackers, British- type biscuits), and shelf-stable mixes (cornbread, biscuit mix, sweet/quick breads). Each alternative was evaluated relative to a variety of criteria, including peace and wartime cost impacts, logistical impacts, field bakery requirements, and consumer acceptance. Originator-supplied keywords include: Food Service, Field ... |
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| A Computational Method for Field Detection of Unknown Substances, |
FEB 1985 |
|
| Authors:
E. W. Ross; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| This report is about computational methods in the detection of unknown substances by means of their spectra. The method of least-squares is used to test whether an unknown spectrum is one of a previously-stored set of spectra of compounds known to be of interest. The requirements are that this be done with as small and simple a program as possible and still get reasonable certainty of detection. The programs are ... |
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| Effects of Environmental Factors on the Transformation of 2,4,6- Trinitrotoluene in Soils |
JAN 85 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
D. L. Kaplan; E. Ross; D. Emerson; R. LeDoux; J. Mayer; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| The effects of a variety of environmental factors on the fate of TNT in soils was determined. Soxhlet extraction with acetone was found to efficiently recover TNT and its transformation products from soil. HPLC-coupled radio-activity detection was effective for quantifying the various transformation products from complex soil extracts. The initial concentration of TNT had the greatest effect on extraction efficiency, with highest recoveries of 14C-labelled material in the tubes with ... |
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| Degradation of Nitroguanidine in Soils |
JAN 85 |
|
| Authors:
D. L. Kaplan; A. M. Kaplan; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| The degradation of nitroguanidine in soil was studied with continuous flow soil columns. Nitroguanidine was biodegraded if sufficient supplemental carbon was provided in the wastewater. The primary product formed during the biodegradation of nitroguanidine in soil was ammonia. Only trace concentrations of nitrosoguanidine were detected and no significant levels of other organic- nitrogen compounds, nitrates or nitrites were present in column leachates. These results indicate that land applied process water ... |
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| Bioconversion of Nitramine Propellant Wastewaters - Triaminoguanidine Nitrate |
JAN 85 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
D. L. Kaplan; A. M. Kaplan; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER MA
|
| The biodegradability of triaminoguanidine nitrate was determined under a variety of environmental conditions. Supplemental carbon was required in order for biodegradation to occur under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Although triaminoguanidine nitrate is biodegraded under both aerobic and anerobic conditions, the nitrate portion of the salt will only degrade anaerobically (denitrification). The alternate carbon is required for this process as well. Triaminoguandine nitrate was found to be unstable under alkaline conditions ... |
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