| Permanent Ionizing Radiation Effects in Gate and Isolation Dielectrics in FETs, |
16 OCT 1974 |
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| Authors:
Donald A. Neamen; Walter M. Shedd; Bobby L. Buchanan; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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 | The permanent ionizing radiation effects resulting from the use of dielectrics (including sapphire) to bound FET structures have been experimentally determined for a total ionizing dose up to 10 to the 8th power rads (Si). Radiation-induced positive charge trapping occurs in the isolation dielectrics which causes leakage currents to flow in n-channel enhancement mode MOSFET's fabricated in SOS. Experimental junction FET's were fabricated so that the effect of the radiation-induced ... |
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| Radiation Hardened CMOS, |
16 OCT 1974 |
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| Authors:
Bobby Buchanan; Walter Shedd; Donald A. Neamen; Sven A. Roosild; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| The status and methods of qualifying radiation hardened CMOS on bulk and on SOS is presented and the remaining hardening problems, such as radiation-induced photoconductivity in the sapphire substrate, are put in perspective. In addition to new radiation effects data on numerous hardened gate insulators, new radiation effects and problem areas relating to gate electrodes and substrate dielectrics are presented. |
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| Annealing of Sputtered Beta Silicon Carbide, |
01 OCT 1974 |
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| Authors:
Irvin Berman; Robert C. Marshall; Charles E. Ryan; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| Using an RF sputtering and etching module silicon carbide was deposited upon the surface of (100) and (111) silicon, (111) (110) (100) tungsten, and (0001) alpha SiC. Almost all deposits were amorphous initially but after thermal annealing, the thin films on the (100) silicon and on (0001) alpha became single crystal layers. Silicodes of tungsten were formed on the tungsten substrates after annealing. (Author) |
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| Permanent Ionizing Radiation Effects in Dielectrically Bounded Field Effect Transistors, |
OCT 1974 |
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| Authors:
D. Neamen; W. Shedd; B. Buchanan; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| The permanent ionizing radiation effects resulting from the use of dielectrics to bound FET structures have been experimentally determined for a total ionizing dose up to 10 to the 8th power rads (Si) and for various dielectric isolation techniques. The experimental vehicles used for making these determinations were dielectrically isolated. JFET's operated in such a manner that they behaved as a combination junction-MOS field-effect transistor. The experimental results observed by ... |
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| Weather Documentation at Kwajalein Missile Range. |
12 SEP 1974 |
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| Authors:
Arnold A. Barnes Jr.; Loren D. Nelson; James I. Metcalf; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| A WB-57F weather reconnaissance aircraft and a high-power radar (ALCOR) were used to document weather at Kwajalein Missile Range. Simultaneous measurements of cloud-reflectivity (Z) by radar, and water content (M) by aircraft were used to interpret measurements of reflectivity along the reentry trajectories close to the time of reentry. Techniques of obtaining and processing the data are described, and the results of the analysis for one mission are presented. These ... |
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| Geophysics and Space Data Bulletin. Volume XI, Number 2. Second Quarter 1974. |
SEP 1974 |
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| Authors:
Anne L. Carrigan; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| This Bulletin is a quarterly publication that contains AFCRL contract and inhouse data reported from sites throughout the world. The following types of data are contained within each issue: magnetometer, cosmic ray, ELF noise, riometer, solar optical and radio emission, and ionosonde. This issue covers such data for April, May, and June 1974. |
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| Electrical Structure of Large Overwater Shower Clouds. |
19 AUG 1974 |
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| Authors:
Donald R. Fitzgerald; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| Three instrumented aircraft were used to study the development and separation of charge in large clouds. Basic cloud physics data regarding liquid water content, icing rate, temperature, precipitation forms, cloud photography, airborne radar cross sections, and three components of electric field were obtained from a C-130 aircraft. Two electric field components, temperatures, photography, and draft structure were obtained from an F-100F aircraft. A U-2 aircraft provided field data above the ... |
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| An SBF Array for Reception of Atmospheric Noise. |
06 AUG 1974 |
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| Authors:
John A. Strom; Hermann W. Ehrenspeck; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| A four-element short-backfire array was designed, fabricated, and experimentally tested for use as a receiving antenna of low level atmospheric noise at 920 MHz. A complete set of design dimensions is presented as well as the resultant radiation patterns and frequency curves of sidelobe levels, half-power beamwidths, and input impedance. The effects of variations on the size and shape of the main reflector are discussed, especially when efficient operation with ... |
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| Sky Brightness During Eclipses: A Compendium from the Literature. |
05 AUG 1974 |
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| Authors:
Sam M. Silverman; Edward G. Mullen; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| A collection of sky brightness measurements during solar eclipses is presented with emphasis on photometric measurements. Abstracts and summaries of papers containing data, both visual and photometric, are presented, and the results of the data are summarized. |
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| Mechanical Twinning in Experimentally and Naturally Deformed Hornblende. |
01 AUG 1974 |
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| Authors:
Thomas P. Rooney; Anna T. Gavasci; Robert E. Riecker; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| Lamellar features in naturally deformed hornblende are identical to (-1,01) mechanical twinning produced experimentally. Although plastic deformation features in amphiboles from tectonities are probably rare, where present, twinning may be a useful indicator of principal stress directions. (Author) |
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| Compact Acoustic Surface Wave Frequency Multiplexers, |
29 JUL 1974 |
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| Authors:
kenneth r. laker; A. J. Budreau; P. H. Carr; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| The design of low cost, compact surface acoustic wave frequency multiplexers is described. The frequency selective properties of surface wave filters are used to achieve low inband (high-Q) loss and high outband rejection. Observations made on measured transducer input impedances are used to affect a simple insertion loss minimization technique applicable to N coupled surface wave filters. (Author) |
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| An Ionospheric Total Electron Content Disturbance Associated with the Launch of NASA's Skylab. |
29 JUL 1974 |
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| Authors:
Michael Mendillo; Gerald S. Hawkins; John A. Klobuchar; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| By monitoring the amount of Faraday rotation a plane polarized satellite signal experiences in traversing the ionosphere, it is possible to measure the total number of electrons in a column of unit cross section through the Earth's ionosphere. Report discusses: Ground-based total electron count observations and the Skylab launch; electron loss mechanisms in the F-region; diffusion of the Saturn V S-II plume in the ionosphere; ionosonde observations; and estimates of ... |
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| Intensity, Coherence, and Frequency Spectrum of a Focussed Beam in a Random Medium. |
26 JUL 1974 |
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| Authors:
Donald L. Fante; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| Numerical results have been obtained for the effect of the strength of turbulence on the intensity, mutual coherence function, and frequency spectrum of a focussed beam propagating in a random medium having a von Karman spectrum for the index of refraction fluctuations. The author has presented conditions for when the turbulence affects the nature of the beam and has demonstrated the validity of these conditions by comparison with the numerical ... |
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| Dynamics and Structure of the Quiet Thermosphere. |
17 JUL 1974 |
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| Authors:
K. S. W. Champion; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| The COSPAR International Reference Atmospheres (CIRA) 1972 provides both a Mean International Reference Atmosphere of the thermosphere and a parametric set of models for the region. The models are based on knowledge of the thermosphere as of mid 1971. The differences in the diurnal variations of atmospheric density scale height obtained from satellite drag studies and temperatures obtained from incoherent radar scatter observations are probably due to different diurnal variations ... |
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| Determination of the Relative Positions of Noncombining Electronic States of Diatomic Molecules. The Ground Electronic State of ZrO, |
12 JUL 1974 |
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| Authors:
I. V. Vets; L. V. Gurvich; A. I. Kobylianskii; A. D. Smirnov; A. A. Suslov; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| The integrated absorption coefficients of the (0,0) bands for the transitions 'Sigma(+) - 'Sigma(+) and triplet Delta - triplet Delta of the ZrO molecule were studied in a plasma of a reflected shock wave. The integrated absorption coefficients were determined as a function of the shock wave temperature and the results confirm that the ground state of ZrO is X'Sigma(+) and that the next excited state is a triplet Delta ... |
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| Summary Report on Magnetic Bubble Material Radiation Hardness Study. |
12 JUL 1974 |
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| Authors:
Lester F. Lowe; Clarence D. Turner; John R. Hyatt; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| Several magnetic bubble material samples were exposed to fission neutrons and Co-60 gamma rays in order to assess their radiation sensitivity. Magnetic property measurements were made before and after irradiation. No changes in magnetic properties were observed in any sample up to 4 x to the 14th power n/sq cm and 10 to the 8th power to 10 to the 9th power Rad(Si) Co-60. Table 1 summarizes the results and ... |
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| Millimeter Wave Solar Observations, |
12 JUL 1974 |
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| Authors:
John P. Castelli; Donald A. Guidice; Paul M. Kalaghan; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| Several categories of millimeter wave observations in the range approximately 20 and 3 mm are considered. First, the general area of current observations conducted with small antennas of low resolving power and simple radiometric receivers is reviewed. The type of solar information derived and its application are discussed. The second area considered is that of current high-resolution solar investigations from antennas with beam widths as small as 1 minute of ... |
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| Liquid-Water-Content and Hydrometeor Size-Distribution Information for the SAMS Missile Fleights of the 1971-72 Season at Wallops Island, Virginia - AFCRL/SAMS Report No. 3. |
02 JUL 1974 |
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| Authors:
Vernon G. Plank; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| Radar, aircraft, and surface measurement information is presented concerning the liquid-water-content values and size distribution properties of the hydrometeors that existed along the trajectory paths of the five SAMS missiles that were fired into Wallops storms during the 1971-72 season. The storm situations are described by reference to weather maps, satellite photographs, and time-altitude cross sections. The radar-echo structure of the storms is illustrated by radar photographs. The hydrometeor conditions ... |
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| Seasonal and Diurnal Variations in the Total Electron Content of the Ionosphere at Invariant Latitude 54 Degrees. |
28 JUN 1974 |
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| Authors:
Gerald S. Hawkins; John A. Klobuchar; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| Measurements of total ionospheric electron content (TEC) by Faraday rotation of radio waves are given for the period November 1967 to September 1973 for 136 MHz transmissions from the geostationary satellite ATS-3 observed at a sub-ionospheric invariant latitude of 54 degrees N. The diurnal curves showed the effects of solar radiation and particle precipitation. (Modified author abstract) |
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| Doppler Radar Investigation of Flow Patterns Within Thunderstorms. |
26 JUN 1974 |
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| Authors:
Michael J. Kraus; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| Information on airflow in six New England thunderstorms was obtained from quasi-horizontal observations by a single Doppler radar. Radial velocity fields in four of the storms showed well organized patterns throughout an appreciable range of height. Vertical cross sections of the horizontal component field, coupled with some reflectivity information, provided a basis for inferring regions where vertical motion was strong. Computed horizontal flow fields consistent with the observed component fields ... |
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| Air Pollution and Warm Fog Modification. |
25 JUN 1974 |
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| Authors:
Alan I. Weinstein; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| Through a series of simple calculations on monodispersed fogs, it is shown that atmospheric air pollutants in the form of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) contribute to a lowering of the visibility and, thereby, seriously inhibit the visibility-improving capability of some evaporation techniques of warm fog modification. In extreme pollution, where the CCN counts are in excess of 1000/cc and the initial visibility is, therefore, very low, those techniques that only ... |
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| Derivation of Sufficient Conditions for Application of the Distorted-Wave Born Approximation to Turbulent Wake Backscatter. |
21 JUN 1974 |
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| Authors:
Ronald L. Fante; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| The distorted-wave Born approximation has been used with some success recently in predicting the radar cross section of turbulent wakes illuminated at small aspect angles. In this model the actual incident electric field within the turbulent plasma is replaced by the electric field that would be present if the random electron density (n sub e) in the plasma is replaced by the average electron density (n (ave) sub e). (This ... |
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| Preparation and Optical Energy Gap of Epitaxial Films of InAs(1-x)P(x) Alloys. |
20 JUN 1974 |
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| Authors:
Richard N. Brown; John K. Kennedy; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| Fast, sensitive infrared detectors operating in the visible to 3 micrometers range are required by the Air Force for use in ranging, communication, illumination, and target designation systems. The InAs(1-x)P(x) alloy system is an attractive candidate for fulfilling these needs, since it has the potential for use in the preparation of intrinsic infrared detectors with precisely determined peak response wavelengths over the entire range from 0.92 to 3.5 micrometers. This ... |
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| Coupling Between a Center-Driven Dipole and Parasitic Elements of Different Lengths. |
19 JUN 1974 |
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| Authors:
Charles J. Drane Jr; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| Formulas are derived as approximate representations for the current and charge distributions along the elements of a linear array of parallel, nonstaggered cylindrical wires of generally unequal length. One element is a center-driven dipole electromagnetically coupled to the other elements, which are parasitic. These formulas are derived in extension of the well-known King-Wu three-term theory. As such, they represent an improvement--particularly for the charge distributions, which often very so rapidly ... |
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| Compilation of Solar Particle and Interplanetary Measurements Acquired during the Campaign for Integrated Observations of Solar Flares (CINOF). |
19 JUN 1974 |
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| Authors:
M. A. Shea; D. F. Smart; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| The Campaign for Integrated Observations of Solar Flares (CINOF) was a period of extensive solar flare studies conducted 5-29 June 1972. During this period two discrete solar particle injections occurred, in addition to which significant modulations to the low energy solar particle background flux were present. This report contains fifteen individually authored papers presenting the x-ray, solar particle, and other related interplanetary and geophysical measurements obtained from 28 May - ... |
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| The Variability of Visibility in the Hanscom Mesonetwork: A Preliminary Assessment. |
13 JUN 1974 |
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| Authors:
Donald A. Chisholm; Horst Kruse; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| A preliminary assessment of the temporal and spatial variability of visibility in the Hanscom mesonetwork has been conducted with approximately eight months (September 1972-April 1973) of data. The variability of measurements obtained from forward scatter visibility meters (FSM) was found to be greatest in radiation fog episodes and least in precipitation in both time and space. Time variability was found not to be greatly affected by local topography and to ... |
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| The Nature and Variability of Integrated Boundary Layer Winds. |
12 JUN 1974 |
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| Authors:
Rene V. Cormier; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| This research provides the first comprehensive study of the nature and variability of Integrated Boundary Layer Winds (IBLWs), or implicitly boundary layer momentum. This information should be helpful for both theoretical and practical applications; for example, boundary layer parameterization in general circulation models, air pollution models, and low-level parachuting operations. The study concerned itself with winds integrated up to a height of 1500 ft. (Modified author abstract) |
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| Field Results with an Automated Reticle Geodetic Theodolite. |
07 JUN 1974 |
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| Authors:
Theodore E. Wirtanen; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| For several years, AFCRL has been experimenting with the concept of using electro-optical devices to make impersonal observations of stars. Currently under test is an instrument that uses photomultiplers located behind alternate opaque - and transparent-lined reticles to receive the light energy from the observed source. The instrument automatically records the passage of stars crossing the field of view, relative to accurate time and level information. One application of this ... |
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| Positronium: A Review of the Calculations. |
03 JUN 1974 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Stroscio; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| For typical magnetospheric densities, free positrons have a lifetime of between one million and one trillion seconds. A portion of the injected positrons undergo free annihilation and a portion form positronium. Results are given of the theoretical calculations of positronium properties without presenting the intermediate steps that depend on a knowledge of quantum electrodynamics. This paper is a review of the calculations of positronium state (1) decay rates, (2) energy ... |
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| Thin Films of alpha and beta Silicon Carbide Prepared by Liquid Epitaxy and by Sputtering, |
JUN 1974 |
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| Authors:
Charles E. Ryan; Irvin Berman; Robert C. Marshall; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| The preparation of thin films of alpha silicon carbide by a liquid epitaxy process is discussed. Silicon is used as a solvent at 2250C. The silicon carbide substrate is wetted by molten silicon saturated with carbon. As the silicon evaporates, the liquid layer supersaturates precipitating carbon to form an epitaxed SiC layer on the substrate. Experiments on the wettability of silicon carbide by molten vs. temperature and the time and ... |
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| Geophysics and Space Data Bulletin. Volume XI, Number 1. First Quarter 1974. |
JUN 1974 |
|
| Authors:
Anne L. Carrigan; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| The Bulletin is a quarterly publication that contains AFCRL contract and inhouse data reported from sites throughout the world. Program descriptions for all data sections are updated annually or as required, and are presented in Number 1 of each volume. The following types of data are contained within each issue: magnetometer, cosmic ray, ELF noise, riometer, solar optical and radio emission, and ionosonde. This issue covers such data for January, ... |
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| Charge-State Effects on Annealing of Electron-Irradiated Silicon. |
22 MAY 1974 |
|
| Authors:
H. M. DeAngelis; J. W. Diebold; D. S. Komm; J. V. Nikula; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| Radiation-induced defects can alter the properties of silicon and thereby degrade the performance of devices used in electronic and optoelectronic subsystems that must operate in nuclear and space radiation environments. The factors that produce or affect the stability of these defects are important considerations in developing methods for hardening devices to nuclear radiation. The annealing behavior of the E center, a prominent defect in electron-irradiated float-zone phosphorous-doped silicon, can be ... |
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| Equations Derived for Computer Programming of Helium Inflations for Large Plastic Balloons. |
22 APR 1974 |
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| Authors:
Bernard D. Gildenberg; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| Helium inflation computations for large plastic research balloons are normally accomplished by a tedious mathematical procedure involving the use of tables which indicate available lift per tube at specified gas trailer pressures and temperatures. The tables evolved from MIT empirical data, and now have been approximated to within 0.1 lb of lift by a set of equations specifically developed for use in computer programs. The history of the tables, the ... |
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| D-Region Ionization Rates for the 2 to 5 November 1969 PCA Event as Determined from Satellite Proton Flux Measurements, |
12 APR 1974 |
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| Authors:
William Swider; Carol I. Foley; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| D-region ionization rates have been determined from satellite proton spectra as a function of altitude for forty-four instances during the period of 2 to 5 November 1969 Polar Cap Absorption Event. The ionization rates were calculated using least square fits to the satellite proton spectra in both energy and rigidity. The combined results provide ionization rates for the event as a function of universal time. (Author) |
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| The Hydrogen Dissociation Laser. |
05 APR 1974 |
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| Authors:
Arthur Cohn; Allen G. Rubin; Arthur L. Besse; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| The H2 dissociation laser buffered with argon using electron beam excitation is considered. The argon buffer greatly increases the light output from the upper laser level, compared with pure hydrogen. It does this by absorbing much more of the electron beam energy, and by transferring it more efficiently to the upper laser level. Upper laser level densities of 3 x 10 to the 13th power per cc are experimentally obtained. ... |
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| Ionospheric Electron Content and Radio Scintillations During Magnetospherically Quiet Perods in 1970-1971, |
28 MAR 1974 |
|
| Authors:
Gerald S. Hawkins; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| The World Data Center A of the National Academy of Sciences selected two periods in February and December 1970 when the magnetosphere was particularly quiet so that the effects of magnetic disturbances on ionospheric and geophysical phenomena could be studied by their absence. These WDC 'quiets' were studied using AFCRL data on scintillations at 136 MHz from ATS-3 and measures of total electron content (TEC). An additional period in January ... |
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| Development and Calibration of the Forward Scatter Visibility Meter. |
18 MAR 1974 |
|
| Authors:
H. Stuart Muench; Eugene Y. Moroz; Leo P. Jacobs; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| A new visibility instrument, the forward scatter visibility meter, has been developed. This report describes the development of the instrument, including the various field tests. Some thirty instruments have been operationally deployed in a network of automatic weather stations near L.G. Hanscom Field in Bedford, Mass. Comparisons between field instruments and transmissometers yield differences of about plus or minus 19 percent. Comparisons with visual observations show differences of plus or ... |
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| Frequency Spectrum of Optical Waves Propagating in a Moving Turbulent Atmosphere. |
08 MAR 1974 |
|
| Authors:
Ronald L. Fante; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| The authors have calculated the frequency spectrum of plane waves and beams propagating in a moving turbulent atmosphere. Both the case when the atmosphere moves with a constant wind and the case when the wind velocity is distributed according to a gaussian centered about some average velocity is considered. The results indicate that for small propagation distances, the frequency spectrum behaves as omega sup -8/3 for large frequency, omega; for ... |
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| Pulse Sounding with Closely Spaced Receivers as a Tool for Measuring Atmospheric Motions and Fine Structure in the Ionosphere. VI. Spectral Analysis of Interlaced Sets of Data. |
07 MAR 1974 |
|
| Authors:
W. Pfister; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| A pulse sounding system, like LTIRF's complex amplitude multifrequency scanner (CAMS), can be used to sample the returned echo on many parameters (antennas, frequencies, range gates). If the number of parameters is reduced, the sampling rate can be increased and used in a spectrum analysis either to improve the signal-to-noise ratio or to extend the Doppler range. The fact that for this application the data are not equally spaced, but ... |
|
| Design and Construction of Tormac IV, A Toroidal, Bi-Cusp Plasma Containment Device. |
06 MAR 1974 |
|
| Authors:
Charles C. Gallagher; Morton A. Levine; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| Tormac 4 features the production, containment, and heating of plasma within a 48 cm O.D. toroidal chamber. The plasma has a predicted shield-shaped cross section, an included toroidal magnetic field component, and is contained by a two-pole cusp magnetic fluid comprised of both toroidal and poloidal components. The principal plasma heating is provided by an additional magnetic field component at 0.7 MHz. An electrolytic, analog tank facilitates the coil design ... |
|
| An Eight-Element Short-Backfire Fan-Beam Array. |
04 MAR 1974 |
|
| Authors:
Hermann W. Ehrenspeck; John A. Strom; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| Eight short backfire (SBF) elements aligned on a common planar reflector form a highly efficient fan-beam array capable of yielding a maximum gain of approximately 24 dB. The influence of parameter variations on the array patterns and directivity was experimentally determined by varying the frequency. Normalized design parameters for highest efficiency and for circular polarization capability are tabulated. All array dimensions are given in wavelengths so that each application can ... |
|
| Geophysics and Space Data Bulletin. Volume 10, Number 4. Fourth quarter 1973. |
MAR 1974 |
|
| Authors:
Anne L. Carrigan; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| The Bulletin is a quarterly publication that contains AFCRL contract and inhouse data reported from sites throughout the world. Program descriptions for all data sections are updated annually or as required, and are presented in Number 1 of each volume. The following types of data are contained within each issue: magnetometer, cosmic ray ELF noise, riometer, solar optical and radio emission, and ionosonde. This issue covers such data for October, ... |
|
| Design and Testing of a Chemical Injection System for Reentry Plasma Alleviation. |
28 FEB 1974 |
|
| Authors:
John F. Lennon; Sheldon B. Herskovitz; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| The effect of injecting an electrophilic liquid into the ionized flow field surrounding a reentry vehicle was observed during the flight of a trailblazer 2 on 28 July 1972. The report describes the rationale used to initially screen candidate additives and the experimental evaluation that finally resulted in the selection of Freon 114B2 for operational use. Injection system design and preliminary testing are discussed, and the predicted and actual performance ... |
|
| Magnetostatic Surface Waves in Ferrimagnets above 4 GHz. |
28 FEB 1974 |
|
| Authors:
James C. Sethares; J. Bradford Merry; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| Microwave properties of magnetostatic surface waves in saturated ferrimagnets are described. Particular emphasis is given to experimental aspects of the subject. A summary background is given of pertinent experimental investigations of magnetostatic surface waves (MSSW) from 1968, when they were first observed, to the present. Certain features such as nonreciprocity, electronic tunability, and high coupling efficiencies are discussed. Propagation losses, between 4 and 15 GHz, on chemically-polished yttrium iron garnet ... |
|
| Residual Temperature-Induced Humidity Errors in the National Weather Service Radiosonde. |
28 FEB 1974 |
|
| Authors:
Frederick J. Brousaides; James F. Morrissey; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| The principal radiosonde currently being procured for both DoD and civilian agencies was recently redesigned by the National Weather Service to incorporate improvements in the design of the humidity duct. This design incorporated the salient features of a modification previously described by the authors. These modifications were designed to minimize the errors in humidity measurement caused by the carbon humidity sensor having a temperature distinct from the ambient temperature. This ... |
|
| Molecular Oxygen Measurements from UV Absorption. |
27 FEB 1974 |
|
| Authors:
Lawrence H. Weeks; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| A series of sounding rockets were launched to study the atmosphere over a day-night period. Part of this program consisted of two optical payloads for molecular oxygen. The molecular oxygen concentration was obtained from Lyman-alpha and 1450A sensors. Here the method of analysis for molecular oxygen is discussed and the results presented and compared with models and other data. The molecular oxygen concentration is measured by the technique of absorption ... |
|
| Pulse Sounding with Closely Spaced Receivers as a Tool for Measuring Atmospheric Motions and Fine Structure in the Ionosphere. V. Period of Chemical Releases as Example of Spectral Analysis. |
22 FEB 1974 |
|
| Authors:
W. Pfister; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| The report gives a detailed description of the different steps in the processing of 'drift' data taken with the Complex Amplitude Multifrequency Scanner (CAMS). The raw data together with preface information are digitally recorded in a format suitable for a 'digicoder' printout. They are spectrum analyzed in two steps: Fourier spectra and combined power, phase and coherency spectra. Output is provided either as computer plot or as tape for 'digicoder' ... |
|
| Goose Bay Riometer Observations. |
19 FEB 1974 |
|
| Authors:
Raymond J. Cormier; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
|
| At Goose Bay, Labrador, 30-MHz riometers using a four-corner reflector antenna have been in operation since November 1971. An 18-MHz riometer using a zenith-pointing antenna has been operational since June 1972. A quiet day curve of 30 MHz has been constructed for the Goose Bay 30 MHz, and useful hours of operation for an 18-MHz riometer at this particular site are discussed. The usefulness of the four-corner reflector antenna over ... |
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| Conference on High Power Infrared Laser Window Materials (3rd), November 12-14, 1973. Volume I. Optical Properties, |
14 FEB 1974 |
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| Authors:
Carl A. Pitha; Bernard Bendow; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| This volume contains 22 of the 73 papers presented at the Third Conference on High Power Infrared Laser Window Materials held on 12, 13, 14 Novemeber 1973 at Hyannis, Massachusetts. The papers in this volume deal with the results of experimental investigations of the absorption spectra of a variety of materials essentially transparent in the infrared, of the effect of impurities on the spectra of such materials, of various techniques ... |
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| Conference on High Power Infrared Laser Window Materials (3rd), November 12-14, 1973. Volume II. Materials. |
14 FEB 1974 |
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| Authors:
Carl A. Pitha; Alton Armington; Harold Posen; AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G HANSCOM FIELD MASS
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| This volume contains 19 of the 73 papers presented at the Third Conference on High Power Infrared Laser Window Materials held in Hyannis, Massachusetts on 12, 13, and 14 November 1973. The papers in this volume deal with the results of experimental investigations of the growth and properties of various potential window materials and of the effects of various processing techniques. Materials included in these studies are alkali-halides, chalcogenides, ... |
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