| Study of Opto-Electronic Properties of a Single Microtubule in the Microwave Regime |
11 Dec 2011 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Anirban Bandyopadhyay; NATIONAL INST FOR MATERIALS SCIENCE TSUKUBA IBARAKI (JAPAN)
|
 | This is the first annual report of a three-year project. In progress to date, the research group has isolated a single brain microtubule and measured its electronic properties using a four probe technique. For the first time in the world we have isolated single brain microtubule and measured its electronic properties using four probe technique. One of the greatest challenges of the AC measurement on the nanowires is that the ... |
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| Exposure to Nickel, Chromium, or Cadmium Causes Distinct Changes in the Gene Expression Patterns of a Rat Liver Derived Cell Line |
16 Nov 2011 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew G Permenter; John A Lewis; David A Jackson; ARMY CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Many heavy metals, including nickel, cadmium, and chromium are toxic industrial chemicals with an exposure. While these substances are known to produce adverse health effects leading to health problems, the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. To elucidate the processes involved in the toxicity of these metals at the molecular level and to perform a comparative analysis, H4-II-E-C3 rat liver-derived cell lines were treated with each metal and gene expression patterns were ... |
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| Exposure to Nickel, Chromium, or Cadmium Causes Distinct Changes in the Gene Expression Patterns of a Rat Liver Derived Cell Line |
16 Nov 2011 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew G Permenter; John A Lewis; David A Jackson; ARMY CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Many heavy metals, including nickel, cadmium, and chromium are toxic industrial chemicals with an exposure. While these substances are known to produce adverse health effects leading to health problems, the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. To elucidate the processes involved in the toxicity of these metals at the molecular level and to perform a comparative analysis, H4-II-E-C3 rat liver-derived cell lines were treated with each metal and gene expression patterns were ... |
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| Molecular Profiles for Lung Cancer Pathogenesis and Detection in US Veterans |
01 Oct 2011 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Pierre Massion; VANDERBILT UNIV MEDICAL CENTER NASHVILLE TN
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| During our first year of research, we demonstrated a localized field cancerization phenomenon on gene expression in the airway of patients with lung cancer, and we identified several pathways preferentially activated in the airway adjacent to tumors. In addition, we have identified markers of stem cells in the airway that may represent tumor-initiating cells of the airway and are evaluating profiles of these cells. We have identified Snail as a ... |
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| Forensic Analysis of Human DNA from Samples Contamined with Bioweapons Agents |
Oct 2011 |
63 pages |
| Authors:
Jason Timbers; Kathryn Wright; ROYAL CANADIAN MOUNTED POLICE OTTAWA (ONTARIO)
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| The purpose of this research project was to further characterize and improve a preliminary protocol for removal of bacterial agents and toxins from samples that would undergo DNA analysis. The protocol must result in samples that are free of infectious or toxic material, but still generate DNA of adequate quantity and quality to meet RCMP standards for identification based on DNA. In order to obtain and identify possible criminals from ... |
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| Targeting MicroRNAs with Small Molecules a Novel Approach to Treating Breast Cancer |
Oct 2011 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
George A Calin; Shuxing Zhang; Waldemar Priebe; M D ANDERSON CANCER CENTER HOUSTON TX
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| With the discovery, in the last few years, of thousands of genes that produce small non-coding RNAs transcripts with no significant open reading frame named microRNAs (miRNAs), it has become evident that the genomic complexity of the cancer cell is far greater than expected. Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women and over a third of women with BC will develop metastatic diseases. The broad goal of ... |
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| Hierarchical Topological Network Analysis of Anatomical Human Brain Connectivity and Differences Related to Sex and Kinship |
Oct 2011 |
121 pages |
| Authors:
Julio M Duarte-Carvajalino; Neda Jahanshad; Christophe Lenglet; Katie L McMahan; Greig I de Zubicacy; Nicholas G Martin; Margaret J Wright; Paul M Thompson; Guillermo Sapiro; MINNESOTA UNIV MINNEAPOLIS INST FOR MATHEMATICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
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| Modern non-invasive brain imaging technologies, such as diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI), enable the mapping of neural fiber tracts in the white matter, providing a basis to reconstruct a detailed map of brain structural connectivity networks. Brain connectivity networks differ from random networks in their topology, which can be measured using small worldness, modularity, and high-degree nodes (hubs). Still, little is known about how individual differences in structural brain ... |
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| Genetic Analysis of a Novel Human Adenovirus With a Serologically Unique Hexon and a Recombinant Fiber Gene |
07 Sep 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Elizabeth B Liu; Leonardo Ferreyra; Stephen L Fischer; Jorge V Pavan; Silvia V Nates; Nolan R Hudson; Damaris Tirado; David W Dyer; James Chodosh; Donald Seto; Morris S Jones; NAVAL HOSPITAL CAMP PENDLETON CA
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| In February of 1996 a human adenovirus (formerly known as Ad-Cor-96-487) was isolated from the stool of an AIDS patient who presented with severe chronic diarrhea. To characterize this apparently novel pathogen of potential public health significance, the complete genome of this adenovirus was sequenced to elucidate its origin. Bioinformatic and phylogenetic analyses of this genome demonstrate that this virus, heretofore referred to as HAdV-D58, contains a novel hexon gene ... |
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| Differential Regulation of Neuropeptide Y In the Amygdala and Prefrontal Cortex During Recovery from Chronic Variable Stress |
Sep 2011 |
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| Authors:
Jennifer L McGuire; Lauren E Larke; Floyd R Sallee; James P Herman; Renu Sah; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD
|
 | Accumulating evidence from clinical studies and pre-clinical animal models supports a role for neuropeptide Y (NPY) in adaptive emotional response following stress. The long-term impact of stress, particularly chronic stress, on availability, and function of resilience factors such as NPY may be critical to understanding the etiology of stress-related psychopathology. In these studies, we examined expression of NPY during recovery from a chronic variable stress (CVS) model of repetitive trauma ... |
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| DNA Architectures for Templated Material Growth |
Sep 2011 |
|
| Authors:
Amethist S Finch; Christina M Jacob; James J Sumner; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD SENSORS AND ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE
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| A methodology that allows for the coupling of biology and electronic materials is presented, where double stranded DNA serves as a template for electronic material growth. Self-assembled DNA structures allow for a variety of patterns to be achieved on the nanometer size scale. These DNA architectures allow for feature sizes that are difficult to achieve using conventional patterning techniques. Herein, the procedures for the creation of self-assembled DNA nanostructures in ... |
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| Cloning and Expressing Recombinant Protective Antigen Domains of B. anthracis |
Sep 2011 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Deborah A Sarkes; Joshua M Kogot; Irene Val-Addo; Dimitra N Stratis-Cullum; Paul M Pellegrino; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD SENSORS AND ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE
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| Protective antigen (PA) of Bacillus anthracis is a four-domain protein that is required for transport of edema factor (EF) and lethal factor (LF) into host cells during anthrax infection. Each of the four domains of PA plays a role in infection: host cell receptor binding, domain 4, PA heptamerization and host membrane insertion, domains 2 and 3, and EF and LF recognition and intracellular transport, domain 1. This report details ... |
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| tRNA and its Activation Targets as Biomarkers and Regulators of Breast Cancer |
Sep 2011 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Marsha Rosner; Tao Pan; Mariana P Eternod; Donghui Zhou; Susanna Gomes; CHICAGO UNIV IL
|
| Breast cancer refers to a variety of types, each of which derives from distinct causes and merits different treatments. It is crucial to develop new classes of molecules that target heretofore unexplored cellular mechanisms so that tumors not responsive to current treatments might be responsive to new routes of therapy. We are exploring a previously underappreciated avenue that can lead to precise identification of breast cancer subtypes to improve treatment ... |
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| Investigating the Role of Cyclin D1 in the Promotion of Genomic Instability and Breast Cancer |
Sep 2011 |
60 pages |
| Authors:
Laura L Pontano; J A Diehl; PENNSYLVANIA UNIV PHILADELPHIA
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| Cyclin D1 deregulation is implicated in the genesis of breast cancer, and elevated cyclin D1 protein expression occurs in the absence of gene amplification, suggesting that post-translational regulation is disrupted during the neoplastic process. Cyclin D1 protein is tightly regulated following the G1/S transition via threonine-286 (T286) phosphorylation and cytoplasmic degradation directed by the SCFFbx4 E3 ubiquitin ligase. Disruption of this regulation is deleterious to cell homeostasis, as nuclear cyclin ... |
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| The STRONG STAR Multidisciplinary PTSD Research Consortium |
Sep 2011 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Randy Strong; Alan Frazer; David Morilak; TEXAS UNIV AT SAN ANTONIO HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER
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| The hypothesis addressed by this project is that early life exposure to stress or glucocorticoids produces a distinct neurochemical and behavioral phenotype characterized by life-long vulnerability to stressors that trigger PTSD. During the past year, we completed studies on our prenatal stress model (PNS). We found that PNS creates a sensitization to conditioned fear in the adult offspring, and a resistance to the extinction of conditioned fear, but only after ... |
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| The Role of Tumor Associated Macrophage in Recurrent Growth of Tumor Stem Cell |
Sep 2011 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Aya Kobayashi; SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV SCHOOL OF MEDICINE SPRINGFIELD
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| The pro-inflammatory microenvironment in the tumor is established by first recruiting various leukocytes including tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) which is believed to promote tumor growth and angiogenesis, suppress adaptive immunity, and hence remodel tumor microenvironment. According to the recent cancer stem cell (CSC) theory, recurrent tumor must arise from a dormant tumor stem cell whose re-growth is triggered by shifting of microenvironment. This project aims at clarifying the roles of TAM ... |
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| Genome-Wide Association Mapping for Intelligence in Military Working Dogs: Canine Cohort, Canine Intelligence Assessment Regimen, Genome-Wide Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Typing, and Unsupervised Classification Algorithm for Genome-Wide Associatio |
Sep 2011 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Victor T Chan; Camilla A Mauzy; Armando Soto; Jessica A Wagner; Amy D Walters; Jeanette S Frey; Tiffany M Hill; Karen L Overall; Soraya Juarbe-Diaz; Donna Dyer; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN PERFORMANCE WING (711TH) BIOSCIENCES AND PERFORMANCE DIV/APPLIED BIOTECHNOLOGY BRANCH
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| This seedling project aimed to genetically map intelligence in the military working dog (MWD) population. A total of 199 canine subjects were recruited from United States working dog contractors. Of the recruited subjects, 153 were tested using the Canine Intelligence Testing Protocol (CITP), developed by Dr. Karen Overall (UPENN) to specifically analyze canine intelligence. CITP allows quantitative assessment of intelligence in individual dogs using a scoring system based on the ... |
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| Advanced MRI in Acute Military TBI |
Sep 2011 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
David Brody; WASHINGTON UNIV ST LOUIS MO
|
| The objective of this project is to test two advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) methods, Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and resting-state Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), in military Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) patients acutely after injury, and to correlate the findings with TBI-related clinical outcomes 6-12 months later. An additional objective is to test the interaction of candidate genetic vulnerability factors with patterns of injury. These combined methods may add ... |
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| Biological and Nano-Technological Applications of Artificial DNAs Made Exclusively of Nonnatural C-Nucleosides with Four Types of Nonnatural Bases |
19 Aug 2011 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Masahiko Inoue; TOYAMA UNIV (JAPAN) FACULTY OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE
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| This is the final report of a project on a new class of artificial DNA, which can be formed only from artificial DNA strands containing only non-natural nucleoside residues possessing non-natural four types of bases through non-natural C-glycoside linkers. |
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| Global Characterization of Protein Altering Mutations in Prostate Cancer |
Aug 2011 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Peter S Nelson; FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER SEATTLE WA
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| The identification of recurrent, protein-altering genetic alterations is frequently the means by which a given gene is initially implicated in tumor biology. Our specific aims are as follows: (1) Carry out the genome-wide identification of nonsynonymous mutations in a limited number of prostate metastases using second-generation technologies for targeted capture and sequencing; (2) Evaluate the mutational histories of individual mutations within the progression of the cancer in which it was ... |
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| A Gene Expression Profile of BRCAness that Predicts for Responsiveness to Platinum and PARP Inhibitors |
Aug 2011 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Panagiotis Konstantinopoulos; BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER BOSTON MA
|
| We have developed a 60-gene expression profile that may identify tumors with a BRCAness phenotype which is characterized by heightened sensitivity to chemotherapy (platinum and PARP inhibitors) and improved overall survival. We found that our profile can track diverse molecular mechanisms that cause defective homologous recombination (HR) in the absence of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. Furthermore, we found that the BRCAness profile was associated with overall survival and response to ... |
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| Application of Tools to Measure PCB Microbial Dechlorination and Flux into Water During In-situ Treatment of Sediments |
Aug 2011 |
148 pages |
| Authors:
Joel Baker; Chih-Wei Chang; Kevin Sowers; Upal Ghosh; Piuly Paul; Birthe Kjellerup; WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE
|
| This study addresses the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) Statement of Need CUSON-06-03: Assessment and Measurement of Processes Impacting the Fate and Transport of Contaminants in Sediments. The needs addressed in this study are: 1) To develop and evaluate site characterization tools to measure the rates of important sediment chemical/physical/biological processes affecting the fate and transport of contaminants, and 2) To understand and quantify sediment exchange processes with ... |
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| Understanding the Etiology of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex |
JUL 2011 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Angelique Bordey; YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CT
|
| Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is a genetic multisystem disorder characterized by severe neurological symptoms (e.g., seizures), which are the most significant causes of disability and morbidity. Presently, there are no known cures for TSC and the etiology of the disease is not well understood, perhaps due to the lack of a model system to study the disorder. In TSC patients, mutations in one of two tumor suppressor genes, Tsc1 or ... |
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| tRNAs as Therapeutic Agents of Breast Cancer |
Jul 2011 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Tao Pan; CHICAGO UNIV IL
|
| Breast cancer refers to a variety of types that each derive from distinct causes and merit different treatments. It is critical to apply a variety of treatment options that target a wide range of cellular mechanisms and targets, including those that are previously unexplored to enable new routes of therapy. Our proposal explores a new and previously under-appreciated avenue which is to use specifically engineered tRNAs that are always attached ... |
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| Microfluidic Flow Retardation Device for Tagless Cancer Cell Analysis for Metastatic Potential |
Jul 2011 |
|
| Authors:
Rajan Kumar; GENOME DATA SYSTEMS INC TRENTON NJ
|
| We developed a microfluidic device to detect surface protein expression in individual cancer cells in small cell populations without prior labeling. We used LM2 cells (kind gift of Juan Massague, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, NY), derived from murine lung metastases of MDA-MB-231 cells that have a unique potential to re-metastasize to lung. We selected LM2 cells for 100% sustained expression of IL-13RA2 and cells without expression. We coated the channel ... |
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| Discovery of Metastatic Breast Cancer Suppressor Genes Using Functional Genome Analysis |
Jul 2011 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Xiaoxing Wang; DANA-FARBER CANCER INST BOSTON MA
|
| I hypothesize that metastasis is governed by specific genetic alterations and that identifying this genetic program will provide candidates for new therapeutic targets. My aim is to discover potential metastasis suppressor genes (MSGs) in murine model of breast cancer metastasis through genome scale loss-of-function studies. As a first step to establish a system for prescreening candidate MSGs among the vast number of gene candidates, I calibrated two in vitro tumor ... |
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| ICBP90 Regulation of DNA Methylation, Histone Ubiquitination, and Tumor Suppressor Gene Expression in Breast Cancer Cells |
Jul 2011 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Molly Shook; CORNELL UNIV ITHACA NY
|
| In mammals and other higher eukaryotes, SRA-RING proteins are essential for global maintenance of DNA methylation. This research project focuses on the discovery of new ubiquitination targets for the Arabidopsis SRA-RING protein VIM1 and the human SRA-RING protein UHRF1. Additionally, it will closely examine the methylcytosine-binding specificity of UHRF1, with a specific focus on non-CpG contexts. The proposed work is ongoing, and so far the major accomplishments include creation of ... |
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| Genotype Diversity and Distribution of Orientia tsutsugamushi Causing Scrub Typhus in Thailand |
Jul 2011 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Toon Ruang-areerate; Pimmada Jeamwattanalert; Wuttikorn Rodkvamtook; Allen L Richards; Piyanate Sunyakumthorn; Jariyanart Gaywee; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Scrub typhus, caused by antigenically disparate isolates of Orientia tsutsugamushi, is a widely distributed mite-borne human disease in the Asia Pacific region. Information regarding the heterogeneity of the immunodominant 56-kDa type-specific antigen (TSA) gene is crucial for the design and evaluation of scrub typhusspecific diagnostic assays and vaccines. Using indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFA) and PCR assays, 0.tsutsugamushi was detected samples from rodents and patients with fever of unknown origin obtained ... |
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| Doping, Ionic Conductivity and Photothermal Stability of Functionalized DNA for Solar Energy Conversion and Electrochromic Applications |
JUN 2011 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Ileana Rau; UNIVERSITY OF POLITEHNICA BUCHAREST (ROMANIA) FACULTY OF APPLIED CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
|
| Biopolymers DNA and collagen were studied for their practical application in photonics and electronics. They were functionalized with optically active chromophores. Additionally DNACTMA complexes is known for excellent optical properties and solubility in other solvents than water, the only solvent of DNA. Thermal and photodegradation of thin films of two biopolymers and the stability of embedded chromophores were studied at room and elevated (85 deg C) temperatures as well as ... |
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| Histone Code Modulation by Oncogenic PWWP-Domain Protein in Breast Cancers |
JUN 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Zeng-Quan Yang; WAYNE STATE UNIV DETROIT MI
|
| Amplification of 8p11-12 occurs in approximately 15% of human breast cancer (HBC), and this region of amplification is significantly associated with disease-specific survival and distant recurrence in breast cancer patients. Earlier, we used genomic analysis of copy number and gene expression to perform a detailed analysis of the 8p11-12 amplicon for identifying candidate oncogenes in breast cancer. We identified Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1-like 1 (WHSC1L1) as a candidate oncogene based ... |
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| Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Degradation Factor ERLIN2: Oncogenic Roles and Molecular Targeting of Breast Cancer |
JUN 2011 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Zeng-Quan Yang; WAYNE STATE UNIV DETROIT MI
|
| Amplification of the chromosome 8p11-12 region has been found in approximately 15% of human breast cancer and is associated with poor prognosis. Previous genomic analysis has led us to identify an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lipid raft-associated 2 (ERLIN2) gene as one of candidate oncogenes within the 8p11-12 amplicon in human breast cancer. ERLIN2 is an ER membrane protein that was recently identified as a novel mediator of ER-associated degradation. In ... |
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| A Genome-Wide Breast Cancer Scan in African Americans |
Jun 2011 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher Haiman; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
|
| Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of breast cancer have been completed among populations of European ancestry, and several regions have been identified that appear to contribute susceptibility to this cancer. However, recent data suggest that not all risk alleles for common cancers will be revealed by studies limited to Whites of European ancestry, and that similar efforts in other racial and ethnic populations will be needed to identify the full spectrum ... |
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| Isothermal Titration Calorimeter For Research And Education (DURIP-10) |
12 May 2011 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK
|
| We have purchased a state-of-the-art MicroCal Auto-iTC200 Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) System. ITC is the gold standard for measuring biomolecular interactions. ITC simultaneously determines all binding parameters in a single experiment which is information that cannot be obtained from any other single method. The system will dramatically enhance the activities in several interdisciplinary projects at Columbia University that have been funded by, or will be submitted for funding to, the ... |
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| Androgenic Regulation of White Adipose Tissue-Prostate Cancer Interactions |
MAY 2011 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy Thompson; M D ANDERSON CANCER CENTER HOUSTON TX
|
| During this year, we generated Glipr1 WT (wild-type) and KO (knockout) male mice, surgically castrated them, and collected the VP and epididymal WAT on days 3, 14, and 35 after castration, as outlined in the Statement of Work ([SOW], Aim 1, Tasks 1-3). We isolated RNA and performed microarray analysis to characterize genes affected by castration in WAT obtained 14 days after castration from both mouse genotypes. Analyses of all ... |
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| Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells as Potential Therapeutic Agents in NF1 |
MAY 2011 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Jonathan Chernoff; INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RESEARCH PHILADELPHIA PA
|
| In this project, we are seeking to use induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell technology as a potential therapy in neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1). In the first year, we have successfully produced iPS cells from fobroblasts from Nf1+/- mice and characterized the properties of these cells, which include growth in clusters, expression of stem cell markers, normal karyotype, and the ability to form teratomas in mice. We also have created a targeting ... |
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| Functional Interaction between Rb and Thoc1 in Mouse Prostate Tumorigenesis |
MAY 2011 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Meenalakshmi Chinnam; HEALTH RESEARCH INC BUFFALO NY
|
| A large percentage of prostate cancers show either loss or mutational inactivation of the Rb tumor suppressor gene. Rb mediates its tumor suppressor function through its association with other cellular proteins. Our study focuses on Thoc 1 protein, which interacts with the N terminal region of Rb protein and therby may mediate some Rb functions. Previous reports show that Thoc1 is unregulated in some cancer types and is required for ... |
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| Modulators of Response to Tumor Necrosis-related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) Therapy in Ovarian Cancer |
May 2011 |
53 pages |
| Authors:
Kian Behbakht; COLORADO UNIV AT DENVER
|
| Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecologic cancers in the developed world. We have previously identified a homeobox gene, Six1, which is overexpressed in ovarian cancers as compared to normal ovarian surface epithelium. We have shown that overexpression of Six1 is associated with resistance to Tumor Necrosis Factor-related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) based therapies, both in cell culture and in patient tumors. We also have discovered that ... |
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| Integrative Analysis of Genome-wide Gene Expression for Prostate Cancer Prognosis |
May 2011 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Jiyoung Ahn; NEW YORK UNIV NY
|
| We aim to examine the association of genome-wide mRNA transcription profiles in prostate tumor tissue with PSA recurrence and systemic progression (metastasis), in a consortium study based on Mayo and NYU prostate cancer cohorts. We have completed research steps as planned in Mayo cohort, but we have a 5-6 month unexpected delay in NYU samples. PI gave an invited talk at a cancer center based on the concept of this ... |
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| Vaccination with Dendritic Cell Myeloma Fusions in Conjunction with Stem Cell Transplantation and PD-1 Blockade |
May 2011 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
David Avigan; BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER BOSTON MA
|
| Most patients with multiple myeloma achieve a complete or near complete response following autologous transplantation. However, patients experience disease relapse from a persistent reservoir of chemotherapy resistant disease. There has been strong interest in developing immunotherapeutic strategies to eradicate residual disease following autologous transplantation. Our group has developed a tumor vaccine model whereby dendritic cells are fused with tumor cells. In clinical trials, vaccination with fusion cell results in anti-tumor ... |
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| Oxidative Lung Injury in Virus-Induced Wheezing |
May 2011 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Roberto P Garofalo; TEXAS UNIV AT GALVESTON
|
| This project focuses on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), the single most important pathogen causing acute respiratory-tract infections in children. RSV infections are a major precipitating factor of wheezing in asthmatic children, and they have been linked to both the development and the severity of asthma. Our group has established a multidisciplinary and highly integrated pre-clinical and translational research program that focuses on the role of oxidative injury in the pathogenesis ... |
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| Purinergic Receptors in Quiescence and Localization of Leukemic Stem Cells |
May 2011 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Byeong-Chel Lee; PITTSBURGH UNIV PA
|
| A small subpopulation of drug- and radiation-resistant leukemia is an immediate concern for leukemia patients as this subtype remains the actual cause of morbidity and mortality. Our preliminary results showed that P2Y14 functions in bone marrow to preserve stem progenitor cells from premature senescence/cell death induced by genotoxic stress. As P2Y14 is highly expressed in differentiation resistant leukemia cells, P2Y14 expression in leukemia cells may function in preserving regenerative capacity ... |
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| Validation of Biomarkers Predictive of Recurrence Following Prostatectomy |
14 Apr 2011 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Carlos Moreno; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
|
| Thus far we have made good progress on our goal to validate biomarkers of recurrence in prostate cancer. We have published a manuscript now in press at The American Journal of Pathology describing our set of biomarkers, and will be presenting these data orally at the American Society of Investigative Pathology annual meeting in Washington, DC on April 11, 2011. We have initiated collection of samples at the Atlanta VA ... |
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| Effects of Neuropeptide Y on Resilience to PTSD |
APR 2011 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew Nulk; William Schuh; Lolita M. Burrell; Michael D. Matthews; MILITARY ACADEMY WEST POINT NY DEPT OF BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES AND LEADERSHIP
|
| The goal of this paper is to propose a method to supplement the Comprehensive Soldier Fitness Program to better screen soldiers for resilience so the Army can implement preventive measures for Soldiers that are less resilient under extreme stress and trauma. This paper will explain several major factors that contribute to resilience, PTSD, as well as the cognitive and physiological responses to stress. Additionally, this paper outlines a method for ... |
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| Role of Cyclin E as an Early Event in Ovarian Carcinogenesis |
APR 2011 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Christine Walsh; CEDARS-SINAI MEDICAL CENTER LOS ANGELES CA
|
| At the genetic level, ovarian cancer is characterized by a large degree of genetic instability. High copy-number amplification at the CCNE1 (cyclin E) gene locus is the single most notable recurrent change, occurring in about 20% of tumors. We have hypothesized that CCNE1 gene amplification is an initiating event in the carcinogenic process of a subset of epithelial ovarian cancers. In the first two years of this award, we have ... |
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| Structural and Functional Analyses of the Six1 Transcriptional Complex for Anti-Breast Cancer Drug Design |
Apr 2011 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
Heide Ford; COLORADO UNIV AURORA CO
|
| Cancer and normal development share many properties. During normal development, genes are activated that stimulate proliferation, migration, invasion, vascularization, and that alter cell survival. These gene products are often lost once organ development is complete. In cancer, many developmental genes are re-activated, stimulating the aforementioned processes out of context. The Six1 gene encodes a transcription factor that induces the expression of a large number of genes that are involved in ... |
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| Activation of Hh Signaling: A Critical Biological Consequence of ETS Gene Anomalies in Prostate Cancer |
31 Mar 2011 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Mengqian Chen; ORDWAY RESEARCH INST ALBANY NY
|
| One of the more notable early molecular changes in prostate cells associated with neoplastic development involves the acquisition of genetic anomalies (chromosomal rearrangements or deletions) that increase expression of gene products of the ETS family (exemplified by ERG, ETV-1, ETV-4 or ELK-4). We propose that one important consequence of ETS gene overexpression in prostate cells is increased expression and activity of Gli transcription factors that are normally induced by classical ... |
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| Genomic Signatures of Strain Selection and Enhancement in Bacillus atrophaeus var. globigii, a Historical Biowarfare Simulant |
25 MAR 2011 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Henry S. Gibbons; Stacey M. Broomall; Lauren A. McNew; Hajnalka Daligault; Carol Chapman; David Bruce; Mark Karavis; Michael Krepps; Paul A. McGregor; Charles Hong; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Background: Despite the decades-long use of Bacillus atrophaeus var. globigii (BG) as a simulant for biological warfare (BW) agents, knowledge of its genome composition is limited. Furthermore, the ability to differentiate signatures of deliberate adaptation and selection from natural variation is lacking for most bacterial agents. We characterized a lineage of BG with a long history of use as a simulant for BW operations, focusing on classical bacteriological markers, metabolic ... |
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| AGeS: A Software System for Microbial Genome Sequence Annotation |
07 Mar 2011 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Kamal Kumar; Valmik Desai; Li Cheng; Maxim Khitrov; Deepak Grover; Ravi V Satya; Chenggang Yu; Nela Zavaljevski; Jaques Reifman; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH AND MATERIEL COMMAND FORT DETRICK MD TELEMEDICINE AND ADVANCED TECH RESEARCH CENTER
|
| The annotation of genomes from next-generation sequencing platforms needs to be rapid, high-throughput and fully integrated and automated. Although a few Web-based annotation services have recently become available, they may not be the best solution for researchers that need to annotate a large number of genomes, possibly including proprietary data, and store them locally for further analysis. To address this need, we developed a standalone software application, the Annotation of ... |
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| AGeS: A Software System for Microbial Genome Sequence Annotation |
Mar 2011 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Kamal Kumar; Valmik Desai; Li Cheng; Maxim Khitrov; Deepak Grover; Ravi V Satya; Chenggang Yu; Nela Zavaljevski; Jaques Reifman; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH AND MATERIEL COMMAND FORT DETRICK MD TELEMEDICINE AND ADVANCED TECH RESEARCH CENTER
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| The annotation of genomes from next-generation sequencing platforms needs to be rapid, high-throughput,and fully integrated and automated. Although a few Web-based annotation services have recently become available, they may not be the best solution for researchers that need to annotate a large number of genomes, possibly including proprietary data, and store them locally for further analysis. To address this need, we developed a standalone software application, the Annotation of microbial ... |
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| Adenovirus-Mediated Human Paraoxonase 1 Gene Transfer to Provide Protection Against the Toxicity of the Organophosphorus Pesticide Toxicant Diazoxon |
MAR 2011 |
1 pages |
| Authors:
E. G. Duysen; K. Parikh; V. Aleti; V. Manne; O. Lockridge; N. Chilukuri; WALTER REED ARMY INST OF RESEARCH SILVER SPRING MD DEPT OF MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY
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| Human paraoxonase1 (hPON1) is a potential therapeutic against the toxicity of organophosphorus (OP) pesticides and chemical warfare nerve agents. We tested whether PON1 gene transfer using adenovirus provides protection against the toxicity of the OP diazoxon. Using an adenovirus construct containing hPON1 gene, we showed elevated levels of recombinant enzyme was secreted by 293A cells into culture medium and into the systemic circulation of mice. Western blotting revealed that the ... |
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| Dynamical Systems and Control Theory Inspired by Molecular Biology |
20 Feb 2011 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Eduardo Sontag; RUTGERS - THE STATE UNIV NEW BRUNSWICK NJ DEPT OF MATHEMATICS
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| This project aims to develop new concepts, theory, and algorithms for control and signal processing using ideas inspired by molecular systems biology. Cell biology provides a wide repertoire of systems that are strongly fault-tolerant, nonlinear, feedback-rich, and truly hybrid, while making effective use of highly heterogeneous sensing and actuation channels. Advances in genomic/proteomics and molecular systems biology research are continually adding detailed knowledge of such systems' architecture and operation, thus ... |
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Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology
