| The Potential for Carbon Sequestration in the United States |
SEP 2007 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Natalie Tawil; CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE (U S CONGRESS) WASHINGTON DC
|
 | Various analyses suggest that avoiding future climate-related damage by starting to reduce the atmospheric concentration of CO2 would have greater benefits than costs. Options for doing that include not only curbing activities that generate emissions but also sequestering CO2 for example, by encouraging its absorption from the atmosphere into vegetation and soil (biological sequestration) and by trapping CO2 at power plants and industrial facilities before it is emitted and injecting ... |
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| Identifying Roads and Trains Under Canopy Using Lidar |
SEP 2007 |
128 pages |
| Authors:
Robb E. Owens; Fermin Espinoza; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| LIDAR data collected from four geographic regions are studied to determine the feasibility of reliably identifying roads and trails hidden under dense jungle and forest canopies. The four analyzed regions include the Elkhorn Slough in Central California (2005), Kahuku Training Area on the North side of Oahu Island in Hawaii (2005), La Selva Biological Station near Puerto Viejo de Sarapiqui, Costa Rica (1997), and Cougar Mountain Park in Bellevue, Washington ... |
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| Special Army Reports Prepared by Defense Finance and Accounting Service Indianapolis Operations |
27 APR 2007 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Paul J. Granetto; Patricia A. Marsh; Jack L. Armstrong; Paul C. Wenzel; Leslie M. Barnes; Andrew D. Grum; E. E. Kleiman; Joseph A. Baer; Chad A. Maroska; Ann L. Thompson; OFFICE OF THE DEPUTY INSPECTOR GENERAL FOR AUDITING OF THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE ARLINGTON VA
|
| Army and Army personnel responsible for preparing and using special Army reports should read this report. This is the second in a series of reports related to Army budget execution operations. The first report discussed the transmission of Army budget execution data by the Defense Finance and Accounting Service (DFAS) Indianapolis Operations to various accounting systems and the Department of the Treasury. This report discusses special Army reports prepared by ... |
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| Refractometry and Extinguishment/Burnback Testing of Pacific Air Forces AFFF |
APR 2006 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Jennifer L. Kalberer; Kimberly D. Barrett; APPLIED RESEARCH ASSOCIATES INC TYNDALL AFB FL
|
| At the request of Pacific Air Forces (PACAF), the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) performed refractometry and extinguishment/burnback tests on samples of Ansulite and 3M aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) from an overseas air base. The Fire Chief at the air base was concerned about the effectiveness of the agent because of refractometry tests conducted on the foam concentrate and foam dilutions. AFRL used an Atago, Palette Series PR-32a Digital ... |
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| Quantitative Analysis of a Turbulent Wind Tunnel with Obstructions for use in Liquid Flame Spread Experiments |
MAR 2006 |
122 pages |
| Authors:
Beau Brantley; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| The research was done as part of an effort to develop alternative fire suppressant technologies for aircraft engine nacelles. The turbulent shear flow behind a surface mounted fence inside an open circuit wind tunnel was investigated experimentally. The tunnel test section was designed to be 2-D and exhibit flow qualities similar to those found in a typical engine nacelle. A 279 mm wide fuel pan was inserted approximately four fence ... |
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| Spring 2006. Industry Study. Environment Study |
2006 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
INDUSTRIAL COLL OF THE ARMED FORCES WASHINGTON DC
|
| The members of the 2006 Industrial College of the Armed Forces (ICAF) Environment Industry Study (EIS) evaluated a wide range of environmental issues that have implications for US national security in the context of a complex, interdependent global economy; an intensifying international debate regarding the cause and consequences of climate change; and a shifting, sometimes confusing, landscape of international allies and threats. The EIS determined that it is essential for ... |
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| Blast Initiated Deluge System: An Ultra-High-Speed Fire Suppression System |
13 DEC 2005 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas Dierdorf; John Hawk; APPLIED RESEARCH ASSOCIATES INC TYNDALL AFB FL
|
| In response to incidents at munitions plants that have caused considerable equipment damage, production delays, and personnel injuries, the Air Force Research Laboratory's (AFRL) Fire Research Group at Tyndall Air Force Base has been working to invent a more effective deluge system capable of stopping high velocity fires caused by deflagration of explosives, propellants, and pyrotechnic materials. A detector has been developed that is one hundred times faster than the ... |
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| Halon Flightline Extinguisher Evaluation: Data Supporting Standard Development |
OCT 2005 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Dougls S. Dierdorf; Jennifer C. Kiel; APPLIED RESEARCH ASSOCIATES INC TYNDALLAFB FL
|
| This evaluation of flightline fire extinguishers has been conducted to determine minimum performance criteria for assessing the capability of fire extinguishing agents to suppress two specific aircraft engine fires; three dimensional flowing fuel fires in the aircraft tail pipe and engine nacelle fires that can be fought through the access panel. This test series documented performance of 150 lb fire extinguishers containing Halon 1211 for extinguishing hidden and running fuel ... |
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| Vegetation Identification With LIDAR |
SEP 2005 |
83 pages |
| Authors:
Michael F. Helt; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| LIDAR data taken over the Elkhorn Slough in Central California are analyzed for terrain. The specific terrain element of interest is vegetation, and in particular, tree type. Data taken on April 12th, 2005, were taken over a 10 km 20 km region which is mixed use agriculture and wetlands. Time return and intensity were obtained at ^2.5 m postings. Multi-spectral imagery from QuickBird was used from a 2002 imaging pass ... |
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| A Regional Guidebook for Applying the Hydrogeomorphic Approach to Assessing Wetland Functions of Forested Wetlands in the West Gulf Coastal Plain Region of Arkansas |
AUG 2005 |
244 pages |
| Authors:
Charles V. Klimas; Elizabeth O. Murray; Jody Pagan; Henry Langston; Thomas Foti; KLIMAS (CHARLES) AND ASSOCIATES INC SEATTLE WA
|
| The Hydrogeomorphic (HGM) Approach is a method for developing and applying indices for the site-specific assessment of wetland functions. The HGM Approach was initially designed to be used in the context of the Clean Water Act Section 404 Regulatory Program permit review process to analyze project alternatives, minimize impacts, assess unavoidable impacts, determine mitigation requirements, and monitor the success of compensatory mitigation. However, a variety of other potential uses have ... |
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| MYME2: A Multi-Payload Integrated Procedure for the Automated, High-Resolution Remote Sensing of Burn Scars |
25 JUL 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Barbara R. Hirn; Fabrizio Ferrucci; UNIVERSITY OF CALABRIA RENDE (ITALY)
|
| The most effective, passive remote-sensing methods for detecting and mapping burnt areas rely upon analysis of the behaviour of near-infrared (NIR) and short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) data, with wavelengths between 0.8 and 2.3 micrometers. As for vegetation fires, the key to effective change detections is to quantitatively distinguish between at-satellite reflectance changes - originated by temporary or local image acquisition conditions - and reflectance changes due to the actual vegetation changes ... |
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| Remote Sensing and Modeling of Wildfires |
25 JUL 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Michele A. Kuester; John Marshall; William J. Emery; BALL AEROSPACE AND TECHNOLOGIES CORP BOULDER CO
|
| The application of satellite remote sensing to the detection and study of wildfires has grown rapidly in recent years as new tools have become available and are put into use. Spaceborne imagery can provide a unique perspective to viewing the fire, giving space/time coverage not available with any other observational system. One aspect of fires that can both be detected with satellite imagery and modeled numerically is the smoke plume ... |
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| Ten-Year Analysis of the Forest Fire Smoke in the Russian Far East |
25 JUL 2005 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Koichi Kawano; Jun-ichi Kudoh; Masanori Nakano; TOHOKU UNIV SENDAI (JAPAN) CENTER FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION
|
| Forest fires make large quantities of forest resources lost, and promote global warming. In the Russian Far East, since forest fires occur every year, they have had a great influence on the earth environment. Especially, the fire smoke influences the region where a forest fire doesn't occur because it extends more widely than a fire does. In this paper, we examined the extension of the distribution of the forest fire ... |
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| Physical and Mechanical Properties and Fire, Decay, and Termite Resistance of Treated Oriented Strandboard |
MAY 2005 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Nadir Ayrilmis; S. N. Kartal; Theodore L. Laufenberg; Jerrold E. Winandy; Robert H. White; DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE MADISON WI
|
| This study evaluated the effects of a number of chemicals on the physical and mechanical properties and fire, decay, and termite resistance of oriented strand board (OSB) panels. Disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT), boric acid (BA), melamine phosphate (MP), and a BA/DOT mixture were sprayed onto the furnish at varying concentrations. The panels were tested for thickness swell, eater absorption, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and internal bond strength according ... |
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| Strength of Small-Diameter Round and Tapered Bending Members |
MAR 2005 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Ron Wolfe; Joe Murphy; DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE WASHINGTON DC
|
| An early focus on structural use of processed rather than round timber resulted in an underestimation of the structural advantages of retaining the natural form of small-diameter round timber. In the round and tapered form, timbers are not susceptible to the strength-reducing effects of diving grain and exposed juvenile wood. Fiber continuity around knots on the surface of a debarked log rarely exhibits the stress concentration and fracture propagation commonly ... |
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| Sound Propagation Through a Forest: A Predictive Model |
NOV 2004 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Michael J. White; Michelle E. Swearingen; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER CHAMPAIGN IL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB
|
| Previous attempts at modeling sound propagation through a forest have largely neglected the effects of a sound speed profile. This paper presents a PE-based sound propagation model that includes forest effects. In addition to a simplified but realistic sound speed profile, the model includes ground impedance effects, bulk attenuation due to multiple scattering by tree trunks and canopy, and the usual spherical spreading and atmospheric absorption. |
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| Prescribed Burn at Pine Bluff Arsenal |
SEP 2004 |
70 pages |
| Authors:
Lance Peacock; NATURE CONSERVANCY LITTLE ROCK AR
|
| Fire is an important ecological process in the southern United States. Many animal and plant species evolved in the presence of fire, and many vegetation types thrive best in the presence of fire. Fire-dependent biota are declining because of fire suppression and landscape-scale changes. Pine Bluff Arsenal has been working to restore pine savanna, a declining habitat, by reintroducing prescribed burns on part of the Arsenal. The report contains information ... |
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| North Carolina Onslow Bight Conservation Forum: Regional Conservation Partnering to Sustain the Mission and Enhance Biodiversity |
01-Aug-2004 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
NORTH CAROLINA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM RALEIGH NC
|
| The mission of this forum is to develop and implement a strategy for the conservation and enhancement of biological diversity and ecosystem sustainability throughout the Onslow Bight Landscape compatible with the land use objectives of the partners. |
|
| The Conservation Fund |
Aug-2004 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE WASHINGTON DC
|
|
| Continuation of Support for the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research |
JUL 2004 |
|
| Authors:
Joanne Zurlo; NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES WASHINGTON DC
|
 | ILAR is a recognized leader in developing and disseminating guidelines for laboratory animal care, breeding, and use. ILAR develops resources for identifying animal models for human diseases and physiological processes; and prepares reports on the humane and scientific use of laboratory animals. The program goal is to improve the humane and scientifically valid use of laboratory animals as well as the availability, quality and care of laboratory animals. ILAR accomplishes ... |
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| MAFFS and Military Support to Civil Authority: A Case Study in Command and Control |
MAY 2004 |
92 pages |
| Authors:
Brian W. Lindsey; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Unity of Effort in Military Support to Civil Authority operations is an area of critical concern especially to the fledgling United States Northern Command. The nature and importance of command relationships between active duty and reserve forces involved in domestic operations has been highlighted in recent planning and operations. Through the reconstruction of the Command and Control structure during the planning and execution phases of the Modular Airborne Fire Fighting ... |
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| Monitoring Wetland Functional Recovery of Bottomland Hardwood Sites in the Yazoo Basin, MS |
MAR 2004 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Monica N. Humphrey; Jeff P. Lin; Barbara A. Kleiss; Darrell E. Evans; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Vicksburg District has the task of mitigating functions of bottomland hardwood (BLH) wetland forests in Mississippi lost as a result of the construction of various water resource projects. To date, the Vicksburg District has reforested almost 20,000 acres of BLH forest. This technical note reports on early functional recovery and monitoring at several of these sites, utilizing methodology based on "The Regional Guidebook ... |
|
| A Summary of the Scientific Literature on the Effects of Fire on the Concentration of Nutrients in Surface Waters |
2004 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony J. Ranalli; GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESTON VA
|
| This paper provides a detailed review of the chemical changes that occur in soil during a fire, the pathways by which nutrients are transferred from soil to surface-water bodies following a fire, and the temporal and spatial effects of fires on the concentration of nutrients in surface-water bodies during and following a fire that have been reported in the scientific literature. Thirty-nine papers from the scientific literature that represent studies ... |
|
| Modeling the Effects of Ecosystem Fragmentation and Restoration: Management Models for Mobile Animals. Volume 2. Appendices 3-7 |
01 DEC 2003 |
371 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas Sisk; James B. Battin; Arriana Brand; Leslie Ries; Barry R. Noon; NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIV FLAGSTAFF CENTERFOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES AND EDUCATION
|
| Throughout southwestern North America, efforts are under way to reduce the risk of large-scale, high intensity fires and improve forest health through the implementation of forest restoration, a process of timber harvesting and prescribed burns designed to return the ponderosa pine forest ecosystem to a state similar to that in which it existed prior to European settlement of the Southwest. Restoration treatments produce a novel type of habitat edge the ... |
|
| Effects of Prescribed Burning on Game Species in the Southeastern United States. A Literature Review |
JUN 2003 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
Deborah S. Maas; Robin L. Musson; Timothy J. Hayden; CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL
|
| Prescribed burning has become an increasingly common management tool to modify habitats for many species in the southeastern United States. On military installations in the southeast, prescribed burning is used frequently on a landscape scale to control midstory encroachment in habitats of the endangered red-cockaded woodpecker (picoides borealis). On Army installations, as much as one-third of red-cockaded woodpecker habitat is scheduled for prescribed burning annually under installations Endangered Species Management ... |
|
| Prescribed Burn at Pine Bluff Arsenal |
MAR 2003 |
60 pages |
| Authors:
Lance Peacock; Michael Melnechuk; NATURE CONSERVANCY LITTLE ROCK AR
|
| Fire is an important ecological process in the southern United States. Many animal and plant species evolved in the presence of fire, and many vegetation types thrive best in the presence of fire. Fire-dependent biota are declining, because of fire suppression and landscape changes. Pine Bluff Arsenal has been working to restore pine savanna, a declining habitat, by reintroducing prescribed burns on part of the Arsenal. The report contains information ... |
|
| Understory Density Characteristics in Several Midlatitude Temperature Forests |
MAR 2003 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
Paul F. Krause; Harry B. Puffenberger; Brian J. Graff; Christopher D. Gard; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER ALEXANDRIA VA TOPOGRAPHIC ENGINEERING CENTER
|
| Understory density can have impacts on such military activities as cross-country mobility, bivouac, cover and concealment, and line of sight Airborne sensors provide a fairly good mechanism for measuring the overstory: crown diameter and tree height. The nature and characteristics of the understory, however, must be subjectively estimated by the analyst. This current work focused on the development of a model to predict understory plant densities from measurable overstory characteristics. ... |
|
| Streamflow Characteristics for Selected Stations In and Near the Grand Mesa, Uncompahgre, and Gunnison National Forests, Southwestern Colorado |
2003 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Gerhard Kuhn; GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DENVER CO
|
| The U.S Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Grand Mesa, Uncompahgre, and Gunnison National Forests, began a study in 2000 to develop selected streamflow characteristics for 60 streamflow-gaging stations in and near the Grand Mesa, Uncompahgre, and Gunnison National Forests. The study area is located in southwestern Colorado within the Gunnison River, Dolores River, and Plateau Creek Basins, which are tributaries of the Colorado River. In addition to presenting the ... |
|
| Biodiversity Inventorying and Monitoring, Conservation and Training |
OCT 2002 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Elizabeth C. Losos; SMITHSONIAN TROPICAL RESEARCH INST WASHINGTON DC
|
| Two Smithsonian organizations, the Monitoring and Assessment of Biodiversity Program (SI/NAB) and the Center for Tropical Forest Science (CTFS), continue ongoing research projects in Western and Central Africa. NAB and it partner organization in Cameroon, BDCPC, conducted a 10-day Biodiversity Assessment training course for Nigerian participants in an effort to understand the capacities of the Nigerian National Parks. With the support of NAB, biological assessment and monitoring at the Takamanda ... |
|
| Tree Canopy Characterization for EO-1 Reflective and Thermal Infrared Validation Studies: Rochester, New York |
SEP 2002 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Jerrell R. Ballard Jr.; James A. Smith; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| The tree canopy characterization presented herein provided ground and tree canopy data for different types of tree canopies in support of EO-1 reflective and thermal infrared validation studies. These characterization efforts during August and September of 2001 included stem and trunk location surveys, tree structure geometry measurements, meteorology, and leaf area index (LAI) measurements. Measurements were also collected on thermal and reflective spectral properties of leaves, tree bark, leaf litter, ... |
|
| NATIONAL FORESTS: Information on the Process and Data Used to Revise the Chugach Forest Plan |
JUL 2002 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| Located on the south-central Alaska coast, the Chugach National Forest (Chugach) is the second largest of the 155 forests in the National Forest System and stretches across an immensely varied and scenic area about the size of New Jersey. The Forest Service is required by law to develop a comprehensive, long-range management plan for each national forest. These plans, commonly called forest plans, must provide for multiply, and sometimes competing, ... |
|
| WILDLAND FIRE MANAGEMENT: Reducing the Threat of Wildland Fires Requires Sustained and Coordinated Effort |
13 JUN 2002 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| In summary, our work on wildland and fire has stressed the need for three things: (1) a cohesive strategy to address growing threats to national forest resources and nearby communities from catastrophic wildfires, (2) clearly defined and effective leadership to carry out that strategy in a coordinated manner; and (3) accountability to ensure that progress is being made toward accomplishing the goals of the National Fire Plan. Two years ago, ... |
|
| Prescribed Burn at Pine Bluff Arsenal |
MAR 2002 |
140 pages |
| Authors:
Lance Peacock; NATURE CONSERVANCY LITTLE ROCK AR
|
| Fire is an important ecological process in the southern United States. Many animal and plant species evolved in the presence of fire, and many vegetation types thrive best when burned. Fire-dependent biota are declining,, because of fire suppression and landscape changes. Pine Bluff Arsenal has been working to restore pine savanna, a declining habitat, by reintroducing prescribed burns on part of the Arsenal. The report contains information on fire ecology, ... |
|
| WILDLAND FIRE MANAGEMENT: Improved Planning Will Help Agencies Better Identify Fire-Fighting Preparedness Needs |
MAR 2002 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Barry T. Hill; GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| Each year, wildland fires on federal lands burn millions of acres of forests, grasslands, and desert, and federal land management agencies expend hundreds of millions of dollars to fight these fires. Wildland fires also threaten communities that are adjacent to federal lands areas referred to as the wildland-urban interface. During the 2000 fire season, one of the worst in 50 years, approximately 123,000 fires burned more than 8.4 million acres, ... |
|
| Labor and Population Program: The Dangers of Smoke Haze. Mortality in Malaysia from Indonesian Forest Fires |
2002 |
|
| Authors:
RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
|
| Between April and November of 1997, a widespread series of forest fires in Indonesia-particularly in the provinces of Sumatra and Kalimantan-threw a blanket of thick, smoky haze over a large portion of Southeast Asia. As shown on the map, the smoke from the forest fires traveled hundreds of miles across the Southeast Asian region, reaching all the way to the southern parts of Thailand and the Philippines; however, the most ... |
|
| A Comparison Between a First-Order Closure Model for Disturbed Urban Canopy Flows with Observations for Mean Wind and Turbulence |
DEC 2001 |
|
| Authors:
Eugene Yee; J. D. Wilson; DEFENCE RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT SUFFIELDRALSTON (ALBERTA)
|
| Two canopy windflow models (basic model and alternative model) are described and assessed against measurements of mean wind and turbulence in a wide range of canopies (both vegetative and urban). The windflow models are based on a first-order turbulence closure for the description of both the mean wind (U) and kinetic energy of turbulence (kappa), viz. Reynolds' equations are closed using eddy-viscosity K ^ lambda kappa 1/2, where lambda is ... |
|
| Riparian Woodland Restoration Project |
OCT 2001 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Patricia Delwiche; CALIFORNIA STATE UNIV CHICO
|
| The objectives of this project are to restore a parcel of land in Beale Air Force Base, California, to native habitat, and to compare the efficiency of high, medium and low-input methods of plant establishment. The present report summarizes the findings resulting from monitoring of oaks established from field-planted acorns and from nursery-grown seedlings. Both groups of trees were protected, subsequent to establishment in the field, with one of three ... |
|
| Financial Management: Annual Costs of Forest Service's Timber Sales Program Are Not Determinable |
21 SEP 2001 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| Over the past several years, the Forest Service has reported the annual costs of its timber sales program in its Forest Management Program Report. Much of the information contained in this report is obtained from the Timber Sales Program Information Reporting System (TSPIRS); hence this report is commonly referred to as the TSPIRS report. For fiscal year 1997, the Forest Service reported the timber sales program lost $88.6 million. Concerned ... |
|
| A Guide to Bottomland Hardwood Restoration |
JUN 2001 |
144 pages |
| Authors:
J. A. Allen; B. D. Keeland; J. A. Stanturf; A. F. Clewell; H. E. Kennedy Jr; GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESTON VA
|
| During the last century, a large amount of the original bottomland hardwood forest area in the United States has been lost, with losses greatest in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley and East Texas. With a holistic approach in mind, this manual describes methods to restore bottomland hardwoods in the lower Midwest, including the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley and the southeastern United States. Bottomland hardwoods in this guide include not only ... |
|
| Estimating Understory Stem Density From Overstory Structural Characteristics |
MAR 2001 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Paul F. Krause; Michael V. Campbell; Harry B. Puffenberger; ARMY TOPOGRAPHIC ENGINEERING CENTER ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| Current airborne imagery provides a fairly good mechanism for the measurement of such forest elements as tree crown diameter and tree height. The nature of the understory, however, can only be subjectively estimated by the analyst. Understory density and species composition can have an impact of such military activities as cross country mobility, cover and concealment, line-of- sight, and bivouac locations. This work involves the development of preliminary models to ... |
|
| Fire Regimes and Climatic Indicators: Relationships in the United States |
2001 |
102 pages |
| Authors:
Jennifer A. Hettinga; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| Relationships between annual fire data and climate data from 1984- 1997 were examined for ten states across the U.S. The data used included annual fire data from the U.S. Forest Service and monthly precipitation and Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) values from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Correlation tests were performed to find variables that showed statistical significant at the alpha = 0.05 level. All states tested showed ... |
|
| Consequences of the Ruling by the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals on Forest Management Projects |
30 NOV 2000 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| As agreed with your office, this report addresses (1) the number of the Forest Service's timber sales and vegetative management projects (such as trail construction work and prescribed burning) suspended as a result of the appeals court's decision and (2) the types of financial, economic, environmental, and other consequences that the Forest Service and other stakeholders have attributed to the appeals court's decision. As agreed, we obtained data describing the ... |
|
| Forest Fires, Air Polution and Mortality in Southeast Asia |
OCT 2000 |
|
| Authors:
Narayan Sastry; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
|
| In this paper, we assess the population health effects in Malaysia of air pollution generated by a widespread series of fires that occurred mainly in Indonesia between April and November of 1997. We describe how the forest fires occurred and why the associated air pollution was so widespread and long lasting. The main objective is to determine whether there were mortality effects and to assess how large and important these ... |
|
| Forest Service Proposed Regulations Adequately Address Some, but Not All, Key Elements of Forest Planning |
SEP 2000 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC RESOURCES COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT DIV
|
| Federal land management is inherently contentious. Our work has found that a lack of clear direction on how to resolve conflicts among competing uses on national forest lands has contributed significantly to inefficiency and waste in the Forest Service's development and implementation of forest plans. To address this deficiency, the agency's 1999 proposed planning regulations would make ecological sustainability, rather than economic or social sustainability, the ... |
|
| Fire Management: Lessons Learned From the Cerro Grande (Los Alamos) Fireand Actions Needed to Reduce Fire Risks |
14 AUG 2000 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Barry T. Hill; GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC RESOURCES COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT DIV
|
| Only a few months ago, the Los Alamos fire, now officially known as the Cerro Grande fire, caused hundreds of families in Los Alamos, New Mexico, to lose their homes and more than 18,000 residents of the state to be evacuated. Over 1,000 fire fighters were required to bring the fire under control. Estimates have placed total damages at about $1 billion. This tragedy was the ... |
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| Fire Management Lessons Learned From the Cerro Grande (Los Alamos) Fire and Actions Needed to Reduce Fire Risks |
14 AUG 2000 |
53 pages |
| Authors:
Barry T. Hill; GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC RESOURCES COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT DIV
|
| We are here today to discuss two related issues, lessons learned from the recent Cerro Grande fire, and, on a broader note, actions needed to mitigate current hazardous forest conditions in the interior West. Only a few months ago, the Los Alamos fire, now officially known as the Cerro Grande fire, caused hundreds of families in Los Alamos, New Mexico, to lose their homes and more than 18,000 ... |
|
| Tongass National Forest: Process Used to Modify the Forest Plan |
APR 2000 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC RESOURCES COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT DIV
|
| The Tongass National Forest (Tongass) in southeast Alaska is unlike any other national forest. It is larger; its administrative and geographic structures differ; and although it is subject to the same laws that apply to other national forests, it has also had laws written specifically for it. Like the other national forests, the Tongass is required by law to develop a plan to manage its ... |
|
| Prescribed Burn at Pine Bluff Arsenal |
MAR 2000 |
80 pages |
| Authors:
Lance Peacock; Douglas Zollber; Scott Simon; NATURE CONSERVANCY LITTLE ROCK AR
|
| Previous to the establishment of the arsenal in 1941 the area was a mix of farms and forest. The area was cutover for timber before 1920. The flat areas were cultivated and steeper area used as woodlots and grazing for cattle and hogs. Abandoned fields grew up in pine or in some cases were planted in pine during the 1930's. The burning of farm stubble and woodlands ... |
|
| Gulf Coastal Plain Ecosystem Partnership. Steering Committee Meeting Number 3, Jackson Guard, Eglin Air Force Base, December 2-3, 1999. Appendix G |
03 DEC 1999 |
174 pages |
| Authors:
Martha C. Monroe; Susan K. Jacobson; CHAMPION INTERNATIONAL JAY FL
|
| Florida's devastating wildfires in the summer of 1998 spawned a variety of educational messages and programs about wildfire preparedness, wildfire prevention, and prescribed fire. Our program, funded by a grant from the Advisory Council for Environmental Education of the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, will ultimately develop a resource kit for County Extension Agents and Division of Forestry representatives to use in conducting ... |
|
| Structural Relationships Of Selected Tree Species at Several Mid- Latitude Deciduous Forest Sites in Virginia |
SEP 1999 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Paul F. Krause; Harry B. Puffenberger; Michael V. Campbell; ARMY TOPOGRAPHIC ENGINEERING CENTER ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| Many computer models currently used by the U.S. Army require input of forest structural attributes. Knowledge of these attributes impacts cross- country mobility, cover and concealment, bivouac, etc. Access to direct ground measurement of these required parameters in denied areas is not always possible. This necessitates the capability to generate accurate estimates of selected forest features. Airborne imagery provides fairly high accuracy for such elements as ... |
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Forestry
