| Advanced Planning Briefing to Industry (APBI), TARDEC Ground Vehicle Power & Mobility (GVPM) |
09-Oct-2008 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Chuck Coutteau; Michael Blain; Rocky Patel; TACOM RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WARREN MI
|
 | GVPM's mission is to provide technically sound and timely responses to the soldiers' current and future needs for technology and engineering expertise in ground vehicle power and mobility technologies. |
|
| Generating Graphene Nanosheet Electrodes for Electroanalysis and Fuel Cells |
08-Oct-2008 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Changming Li; Shu-Juan Bao; Chun-Xian Guo; Jun Guo; Fengping Hu; NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIV (SINGAPORE)
|
| This report covers development of carbon layers for electronic devices. It consists of two main chapters. The first is titled "Novel Mesoporous Carbon and Its Direct Electrochemistry Based Biosensor." The second is tilted "Mesoporous Organic Polymer-Carbon Nanocomposites for High Enzymatic Glucose/02 Fuel Cells." |
|
| Liquid Tin Anode SOFC JP-8 Start-up |
Oct-2008 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas Tao; Jeff Bentley; Mark Koslowske; Linda Bateman; Mike Slaney; Zena Uzep; William McPhee; CELLTECH POWER LLC WESTBOROUGH MA
|
| This program demonstrated the feasibility to use CellTech Power's Gen3.1 Liquid Tin Anode Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (LTA-SOFC) design exclusively with JP-8 as a sole fuel source during start up and cool down. Previous tests utilized reducing gases such as hydrogen and H2/Ar during start up and cool down for protection of tin anode and non-precious metal based current collectors. This program successfully eliminated the need of additional reducing gases ... |
|
| Wavelet-Transform-Based Power Management of Hybrid Vehicles with Multiple On-board Energy Sources Including Fuel Cell, Battery and Ultracapacitor |
12-Sep-2008 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Abul Masrur; David Daniszewski; Xi Zhang; Chris C Mi; ARMY RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING COMMAND WARREN MI
|
| A wavelet-transform based strategy is proposed for the power management of hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) with multiple on-board energy sources and energy storage systems including a battery, a fuel cell, and an ultra-capacitor. The proposed wavelet transform algorithm is capable of identifying the high frequency transient and real time power demand of the HEV, and allocating power components with different frequency contents to corresponding sources to achieve an optimal power ... |
|
| The Influence of Acidity on Microbial Fuel Cells Containing Shewanella Oneidensis (PREPRINT) |
01-Sep-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Justin C Biffinger; Jeremy Pietron; Orianna Bretschger; Lloyd J Nadeau; Glenn R Johnson; Cynthia C Williams; Kenneth H Nealson; Bradley R Ringeisen; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC CHEMISTRY DIV
|
| Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) traditionally operate at pH values between 6 and 8. However, the effect of pH on the growth and electron transfer abilities of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 (wild-type) and DSP10 (spontaneous mutant), bacteria commonly used in MFCs, has not been characterized. Miniature MFCs using bare graphite felt electrodes and nanoporous polycarbonate membranes with MR-1 or DSP10 cultures generated > 8 W/cu m and ~ 400 microA between pH ... |
|
| Multifunctional Properties of Structural Gel Electrolytes |
01-Sep-2008 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
P-A T Nguyen; J F Snyder; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| Multifunctional structural gel electrolytes were prepared by the integration of conductive pathways using non-aqueous solvents into structural resin networks. Poly(ethylene) glycol (200 MW) and propylene carbonate were used as non-aqueous solvents while vinyl ester and epoxy resin were used as structural resins. The monomer and solvents were incorporated together and polymerized to create conductive pathways is crosslinked networks. THe impact of chemistry and weight fraction of both liquid and resin ... |
|
| Fast Equalization for Large Lithium Ion Batteries |
Sep-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Wei Zhu; Gerald Landrum; Thomas A Stuart; NAVAL OCEANOGRAPHIC OFFICE STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
|
| The use of Lithium Ion (LiIon) cells requires a battery management system to ensure that the LiIon cells can be operated safely and the battery pack will operate optimally. Lithium-ion batteries use an electrolyte that is flammable if exposed to high temperatures. Slight differences between the series-connected cells in a LiIon battery pack can produce imbalances in the cell voltages, and this greatly reduces the charge capacity. These batteries cannot ... |
|
| Low Power Control Systems for Microbial Fuel Cell Batteries |
Sep 2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Robert Tyce; Kenneth Critz; Jeffrey W Book; Leonard Tender; RHODE ISLAND UNIV NARRAGANSETT DEPT OF OCEAN ENGINEEING
|
| The URI Ocean Engineering Department has been working with the US Naval Research Laboratory to develop and test microbial fuel cell battery systems for low power seafloor applications of extended duration. These low power fuel cells utilize graphite electrodes in anoxic sediment coupled to bottle brush graphite electrodes in the water column to make up a battery system. These battery systems typically produce power on the order of 10-50 milliwatts ... |
|
| Fuel Cell Using the Protic Ionic Liquid and Rotator Phase Solid Electrolyte Principles |
15 Jul 2008 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Dominic Gervasio; C A Angell; ARIZONA STATE UNIV TEMPE
|
| This report contains three sections (a)-(c) in which we report progress of the last year as follows. (a) The characterization of protic ionic liquids involving nitrogenic bases, by the state of the proton, as revealed by the N-H proton chemical shift, has been carried out and we show how this measure can be used to classify strong and superacids in a clear-cut manner. (b) The assembly and testing of fuel ... |
|
| Lifecycle Cost Assessment of Fuel Cell Technologies for Soldier Power System Applications. Paper and Presentation for the 43rd Power Sources Conference held 8-9 July 2008, Philadelphia, PA |
09 Jul 2008 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Jonathan M Cristiani; Marnie de Jong; Elizabeth Ferry; J J Kowal; ARMY COMMUNICATIONS ELECTRONIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ENG CTR APG MD
|
| The US Army Communications-Electronics Research Development and Engineering Center (CERDEC) Fuel Cell Technology Team has executed a series of development programs over the past several years examining fuel cell technologies for soldier power applications in the 15 to 100-Watt range. The focus of this program has been to demonstrate the feasibility and highlight the benefits of fuel cell systems in hybrid configurations and integrated into specific power applications. Although many ... |
|
| Lifetime of Sodium Beta-Alumina Membranes in Molten Sodium Hydroxide |
JUL 2008 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Gudmundur Gunnarsson; ICELAND UNIV REYKJAVIK TECHNOLOGICAL INST OF ICELAND
|
| Sodium metal can be made by electrolysis of molten sodium hydroxide in sodium Beta-alumina membrane electrolysis cells. However, there are some uncertainties about the lifetime of the sodium Beta"-alumina membranes in contact with molten sodium hydroxide. The main objective of this project is to address these uncertainties and to study if the properties of the membrane degrade upon long term contact with molten sodium hydroxide. Electrolysis cells were designed, but ... |
|
| Intelligent Vehicle Power Management Using Machine Learning and Fuzzy Logic |
Jun-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
ZhiHang Chen; M A Masrur; Yi L Murphey; MICHIGAN UNIV DEARBORN
|
| We present our research in optimal power management for a generic vehicle power system that has multiple power sources using machine learning and fuzzy logic. A machine learning algorithm, LOPPS, has been developed to learn about optimal power source combinations with respect to minimum power loss for all possible load requests and various system power states. The results generated by the LOPPS are used to build a fuzzy power controller ... |
|
| Development and Implementation of Carbon Nanofoam Cathode Structures for Magnesium-Hydrogen Peroxide Semi-Fuel Cells |
05-May-2008 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher H Renninger; NAVAL ACADEMY ANNAPOLIS MD
|
| Magnesium/hydrogen peroxide (Mg-H2O2) semi-fuel cells are mission critical to the Navy as a primary power source for unmanned underwater vehicles (UUV); consequently, this Trident project has sought to improve the electrochemical performance of Mg-H2O2 semi-fuel cells by fabricating porous carbon nanofoam composites as nanostructured electrode scaffolds for palladium nanoparticle electrocatalysts. |
|
| Direct Logistic Fuel JP-8 Conversion in a Liquid Tin Anode Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (LTA-SOFC) |
09-Apr-2008 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas Tao; Jeff Bentley; Mark Koslowske; Linda Bateman; Bill McPhee; CELLTECH POWER LLC WESTBOROUGH MA
|
| This program was proposed as an extension of the DARPA/MISER program that was concluded in the first half of 2006. The DARPA/MISER program objective was the development of a technology for direct conversion of field packaging waste into energy. Under the DARPA/MISER program CellTech Power also demonstrated the ability of the Liquid Tin Anode Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (LTA SOFC) to direct convert logistic fuel, JP-8. The demonstration of direct ... |
|
| Fundamental Investigations of Durability at a Polymer Electrolyte-Electrode Interface |
Apr-2008 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Sanjeev Mukerjee; NORTHEASTERN UNIV BOSTON MA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| The overall objectives of this proposed effort was to further our fundamental understanding of degradation pathways at a polymer electrolyte-electrode interface. Towards this goal the key thrust areas proposed in this project were: (1) Understanding the role of peroxide lead free radical attack on the polymer electrolyte at the interface with both anode and cathode electrodes using a specially designed PEM cell enabling accelerated degradation conditions simulating practical H2/Air PEM ... |
|
| The Current Status of Fuel Cell Technologies for Portable Military Applications. Presentation to the 25th International Battery Seminar and Exhibit held 17-20 March 2008, Fort Lauderdale, Florida |
17 Mar 2008 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
ARMY COMMUNICATIONS ELECTRONIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ENG CTR APG MD
|
| The US Army CERDEC has the mission to develop, demonstrate, and transition portable power technologies into Army programs of record. This presentation details progress in the development of battery and fuel cell systems for portable military applications. |
|
| Manufacturing the Future: Federal Priorities for Manufacturing Research and Development. Report of the Interagency Working Group on Manufacturing R&D, Committee on Technology, National Science and Technology Council |
01-Mar-2008 |
103 pages |
| Authors:
Celia Merzbacher; Richard Russell; Jason Boehm; Dale Hall; David Stieren; Susan Skemp; NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COUNCIL WASHINGTON DC COMMITTEE ON TECHNOLOGY
|
| This report of the Interagency Working Group (IWG) on Manufacturing Research and Development (R&D) outlines three areas of opportunity for manufacturing R&D and describes critical manufacturing technology issues that need to be addressed in each area in order to make progress. areas are (1) manufacturing for the hydrogen economy; (2) nanomanufacturing; and (3) intelligent and integrated manufacturing. The report also describes Federal activities in the three areas and current and ... |
|
| Fuel Cells Using the Protic Ionic Liquid and Rotator Phase Solid Electrolyte Principles |
13 Feb 2008 |
55 pages |
| Authors:
Charles A Angell; Don Gervasio; Jean-Philippe Belieres; Xiao-Guang Sun; ARIZONA STATE UNIV TEMPE DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| The concept of ionic liquids, formed by proton transfer from Bronsted acid to Bronsted base, serving as the proton transport media in fuel cells is evaluated at several levels. Firstly a wide range of protic ionic liquids formed from acids of a wide range of acid strengths to a variety of nitrogenic bases of different base strengths, nearly 100 in all, has been synthesized and characterized. A proton free energy ... |
|
| High-Extinction Ruthenium Compounds for Sunlight Harvesting and Hole Transport |
29 Jan 2008 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Aaron Staniszewski; William B Heuer; Gerald J Meyer; NAVAL ACADEMY ANNAPOLIS MD DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| The compounds Ru(bpy)2(BTL)(PF6)2 and Ru(deeb)2(BTL)(PF6)2, where bpy is 2,2(prime)-bipyridine, deeb is 4,4(prime)-(C2H5CO2)2-bpy, and BTL is 9(prime)-[4,5-bis(cyanoethylthio)]-1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene]-4(prime),5(prime)-diazafluorene, were found to have very high extinction coefficients in the visible region. In an acetonitrile solution, the extinction of Ru(deeb)2(BTL)(PF6)2 was epsilon = 44 000 plus/minus 1000 M(exp -1) cm(exp )-1 at lambda = 470 nm. Two quasi-reversible oxidation waves, E(sub 1/2) = +0.88 and +1.16 V, and an irreversible reduction, E(sub pr) = ... |
|
| Novel, Solvent-Free, Single Ion Conductive Polymer Electrolytes |
20-Jan-2008 |
74 pages |
| Authors:
Zbigniew Florjanczyk; WARSAW UNIV OF TECHNOLOGY (POLAND) FACULTY OF CHEMISTRY
|
| This project report concerns studies on the synthesis of new polymer electrolytes for application in lithium and lithium-ion batteries characterized by limited participation of anions in the transport of electrical charge. Studies were carried out additive organoboron compounds and on composite electrolytes with supramolecular anion receptors. |
|
| Aerobic Miniature Microbial Fuel Cells |
Jan 2008 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
B R Ringeisen; J C Biffinger; J Pietron; R Ray; B Little; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC CHEMISTRY DIV
|
| Distributed autonomous sensor (DAS) networks will require sustainable energy-scavenging power sources for persistent surveillance applications. Ideally, these power sources will scale with the sensor size (micro/nanoelectromechanical) to enable covert deployment and a small power budget. Based on their ability to sustain power production for years while scavenging energy from a variety of environments and nutrients, microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a viable solution to power water-borne DAS networks. However, to ... |
|
| Innovative Ionic Liquids: Electrolytes for Ion Power Sources |
Jan 2008 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
T E Sutto; H S Kim; A Pique; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC MATERIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DIV
|
| As technologies evolve from fixed-site equipment to warfighter-portable devices, the need for safe, compact, rechargeable power sources continues to grow. In spite of the emphasis on high energy density lithium ion (Li-ion) power sources, the fire and/or explosive hazards of these severely limit their utility to the warfighter. Logistical concerns further compound these difficulties, and are reflected in numerous federal and international regulations that limit how, and how many, lithium ... |
|
| Synthesis of Si Nanowires for an Anode Material of Li Batteries |
04 DEC 2007 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
KUN-HONG LEE; POHANG UNIV OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (SOUTH KOREA)
|
| The work encompassed the study of new alloy anode material for the next generation of Li ion battery. The alloy includes Li alloy with Sn, Al and Si. It has been reported that the Li4.4Si alloy can have the theoretical capacity of 4200 mAhr/g, which is much higher than the capacity of the graphite. However, in spite of the theoretical prediction, the immense volume increase, thus capacitance decrease occurred during ... |
|
| Performance of Carbon/Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Air Cathodes from pH 0 to 14 for Li-Air Batteries |
DEC 2007 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Michelle B. Marx; Jeffrey A. Read; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD SENSORS AND ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE
|
| The purpose of this project was to construct an inexpensive air cathode free of catalyst that is capable of functioning in both acidic and basic electrolytes. The performance of an uncatalyzed air cathode for use in a Li-Air battery was evaluated over the pH range from 0 to 14. This study was undertaken to determine if air cathodes constructed solely from carbon black and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) can function at a ... |
|
| Basics: Cell Parameters AC Influence on Charge |
09 Nov 2007 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Henry A Catherino; ARMY TANK AUTOMOTIVE RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WARREN MI
|
| The influence of alternating current (ac) on the operations within a cell is a very broad area of interest. In fact, direct current responses can be considered as being a special case of an ac response where the cycle has a very long period. The approach taken in this presentation is to provide an overview by addressing the ac influence as a collection of special interest areas. This article shall ... |
|
| Electrochemical Investigations of the Interface at Li/Li+ Ion Conducting Channel (Supplemental) |
07 NOV 2007 |
2 pages |
| Authors:
Munichandraiah Nookala; INDIAN INST OF SCIENCE BANGALORE (INDIA) DEPT OF INORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
|
| Studies were undertaken to examine the effect of substrate materials on impedance behaviour of lithium dipthalocyanine (Li2Pc). Several symmetrical cells were assembled using stainless steel (SS), gold foil, gold sputtered SS, copper, nickel and lithium electrodes. It was found that the Nyquist impedance spectrum obtained with SS electrodes consisted of two semicircles with total resistance of 1700 kOhm. But the cell with gold electrodes produced a single semicircle with resistance ... |
|
| COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (CR&D) Delivery Order 0067: Molecular Simulations for Hydrated Polymer Fuel Membranes |
Nov 2007 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
James C Moller; UNIVERSAL TECHNOLOGY CORP DAYTON OH
|
| This research in support of the Air Force Research Laboratory Materials and Manufacturing Directorate was conducted at Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio from 7 December 2006 through 1 August 2007. The effects of hydration level and temperature on solvent dynamics and nano-structural morphology for two polymers which show promise as membranes in polymer electrolyte fuel cells; sulfonated poly (thioether sulfone) (SPTES) and Nafion-117 were studied via molecular dynamics simulations. Solvent molecule behavior ... |
|
| General Performance Specification for the Common Modular Power System |
29 OCT 2007 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
ARMY TANK-AUTOMOTIVE COMMAND WARREN MI
|
| This specification establishes basic system-level performance requirements for the Common Modular Power System (CMPS). This specification is intended to be used in conjunction with a vehicle specific performance specification to define the requirements of the CMPS as applied to the PEO GCS platforms. This specification is to be used to write the specific CMPS vehicle specification, choosing the requirements from this specification that would be applicable to the specific vehicle ... |
|
| US Army CERDEC: Fuel Cell Testing Update |
15 Oct 2007 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
J J Kowal; Elizabeth Ferry; Jon Cristiani; Terry DuBois; Scott Coombe; Chris Bolton; ARMY COMMUNICATIONS ELECTRONIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ENG CTR APG MD POWER TECHNOLOGY BRANCH
|
| The Army's Communications and Electronics Research, Development and Engineering Center (CERDEC) Fuel Cell Team, located at Fort Belvoir, VA, is actively investigating fuel cell power sources from milliwatt to kilowatt levels to fit the Army's power needs. Currently, many smaller fuel cell programs in progress at CERDEC use a packaged non-logistic fuel. Soldier and Man portable fuel cells combine the portability of batteries with the use of an external energy-dense ... |
|
| X-Ray 3D Metrology System for SOFC Development |
OCT 2007 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Steve Wang; XRADIA INC CONCORD CA
|
| Report developed under a SBIR contract. This SBIR project sought to develop an x-ray system for nondestructively imaging the internal three-dimensional structure of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) - a CT scanner for fuel cells with sub-50 nm resolution. During the Phase I project, Xradia completed two key tasks that demonstrate the use of this technology in routine SOFC development, specifically for studying Sulfur contamination. |
|
| Survey of Commercial Small Lithium Polymer Batteries |
19 SEP 2007 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Arnold M. Stux; Karen Swider-Lyons; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| The power and energy of small 1 to 5 g lithium polymer batteries is improving significantly, with a push from the toy and hobby markets. This report characterizes the power and energy of several small batteries from Atomic Workshop, Full River, Kokam, and TOBN, presenting discharge curves as a function of C-rates. The 130 mAh Atomic Workshop batteries are rated to a specific power of nearly 2400 W/kg, and energies ... |
|
| Fuel-Powered Artificial Muscles for the Robotic Soldier |
01-Sep-2007 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Ray Baughman; TEXAS UNIV AT DALLAS RICHARDSON
|
| Two types of novel actuators that are powered by high-energy-density fuels (hydrogen, methanol, or formic acid fuel combined with air or oxygen) have been experimentally demonstrated in this program. The first type uses a carbon nanotube electrode that simultaneously functions as a muscle, a fuel cell electrode and a supercapacitor electrode. The result is a muscle that converts the chemical energy in the fuel to electrical energy and can use ... |
|
| High Rate Lithium-Ion Cell Testing |
01-Sep-2007 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Stuart Santee; Seth Cohen; Joe DiCarlo; Frank Puglia; Joe Wallace; YARDNEY TECHNICAL PRODUCTS INC PAWCATUCK CT
|
| Lithion, a Division of Yardney Technical Products, constructed lithium-ion cells to improve electrode coatings, separators, electrolytes, and other aspects of cell design. Lithium-ion batteries, with their exceptional energy density and cycle-life performance, are replacing other rechargeable battery systems in many applications. With the continued development of applications such as directed energy weapons, unmanned aerial vehicles, and aircraft batteries, lithium-ion technology must continue to develop its high pulse power and high ... |
|
| Multifunctional Structural Composite Batteries for U.S. Army Applications |
SEP 2007 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
J. F. Snyder; R. H. Carter; K. Xu; E. I. Wong; P. A. Nguyen; E. H. Hgo; E. D. Wetzel; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| This report is a reprint from the Proceedings of the 2006 Army Science Conference at Orlando, FL on 27 30 November 2006. We are developing structural polymeric composites with battery functionality. These devices both carry structural loads and store electrochemical energy. If designed with sufficient structural and energy efficiency, these materials could enable significant system-level weight reductions by replacing inert structural components while providing supplementary power for light load applications. ... |
|
| Design and Processing of Structural Composite Batteries |
SEP 2007 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
E. L. Wong; D. M. Baechle; K. Xu; R. H. Carter; J. F. Snyder; E. D. Wetzel; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| This report is a reprint from the Proceedings of Society for the Advancement of Materiel and Process Engineering (SAMPE) 2007 Symposium and Exhibition held in Baltimore, MD, on 3-7 June 2007. Multifunctional structural composites are being developed to simultaneously bear mechanical loads and store electrochemical energy. These composite batteries can replace inert structural components and concurrently provide supplementary power for light load applications. Significant weight savings can be achieved by ... |
|
| Combining Structure and Power in Battery Materials |
SEP 2007 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
James F. Snyder; Robert H. Carter; Eric D. Wetzel; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| This report is a reprint of a paper published in Proceedings of the American Chemical Society Division of Polymeric Materials: Science & Engineering (PMSE Preprints) by the American Chemical Society in Fall 2004. Many current applications demand lighter and stronger structural materials. In addition, more weight efficient power generating devices are needed to support the increasing integration of electronic technology into everyday systems. A multifunctional concept for material development will ... |
|
| Integrating Structure with Power in Battery Materials |
SEP 2007 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
James F. Snyder; Robert H. Carter; Eric D. Wetzel; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| This report is a reprint from the Proceedings of the 2004 Army Science Conference at Orlando, Florida, in 2004. We have developed a multifunctional material concept that combines structural performance with power generation. Such devices would replace inert structural components in U.S. Army systems, such as a ground vehicle body or a soldier's helmet, and simultaneously provide supplementary power for light load applications. The emphasis of our research is two-fold. ... |
|
| Multifunctional Structural Composite Batteries |
SEP 2007 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
J. F. Snyder; R. H. Carter; E. L. Wong; P. A. Nguyen; K. Xu; E. H. Ngo; E. D. Wetzel; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| We are developing structural polymeric composites that both carry structural loads and store electrochemical energy. These multifunctional batteries could replace inert structural components while providing supplementary power for light load applications. If designed with sufficient structural and energy efficiency, these materials could also enable significant system-level weight reductions. To enable this concept, loadbearing properties must be engineered into the battery packaging, electrolyte, and/or electrodes. Previous examples of structural batteries have ... |
|
| Polyarylenethioethersulfone Membranes for Fuel Cells (Postprint) |
SEP 2007 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Stanley J. Rodrigues; Thomas L. Reitz; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| High performance, sulfonated polyarylenethioethersulfone (SPTES) polymers have been developed as membranes for fuel cells. These high molecular weight polymers synthesized by a polycondensation process have an aromatic backbone along with high sulfonic acid content that provides for their high conductivity and robust mechanical properties. Bulky phenyl-based end-capping agents are incorporated into the system to maintain high water stability and retain high proton conductivity. Films with good mechanical properties were obtained ... |
|
| Characterization of Graphite Lithium-Ion Cells |
SEP 2007 |
119 pages |
| Authors:
Steven D. Moseley; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis explores the characterization of graphite lithium-ion cells. A control procedure was performed to ensure any capacity loss or gain seen in tests was not the result of cell cycling. Vibration testing of the cells on all three axes to simulate the spacecraft launch environment showed a slight increase in capacity after vibration. Cell capacity was measured at two current rates at a variety of temperatures to obtain a ... |
|
| TARDEC Battery Efforts |
08 AUG 2007 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Sonya Gargies; Marta Tomkiw; TACOM RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WARREN MI
|
| Briefing on battery research being done at TARDEC. |
|
| Power and Energy Strategy |
03 AUG 2007 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Jennifer Hitchcock; TACOM RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WARREN MI GROUND VEHICLE POWER AND MOBILITY
|
| This briefing covers power sources in the 1 KW thru 1 MW range, a common range for vehicles and mobile generators. The objectives of the division are to develop an integrated strategy to meet the power and energy requirements of current and future modular force. |
|
| Battery Monitoring and Charging System |
31 Jul 2007 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel P Thivierge; NAVAL UNDERSEA WARFARE CENTER DIV NEWPORT RI
|
| A battery monitoring device for a battery having cells grouped in modules. The device includes a monitoring circuit for each module which monitors the voltage in each cell and the overall module voltage. The monitoring circuits can also detect module temperatures. The monitoring circuits are networked to a control computer. The device can be used with a power supply and relays for each module to interrupt charging when a fault ... |
|
| Advanced Lithium Ion Systems for Military Vehicle Applications |
11 Jun 2007 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Scott Ferguson; Kamen Nechev; David Roller; SAFT AMERICA INC COCKEYSVILLE MD
|
| Li-ion is a relatively new battery technology that has been commercialized within the past 15 years for the portable electronics industry. Work has been undertaken to explore the high power capability of this technology. The results show that Li-Ion rechargeable products are capable of providing very high rate capability. Saft has developed a family of products that specifically address the electrical power requirements for manned and unmanned military vehicle applications. ... |
|
| Advanced Microbial Fuel Cell Development, Miniaturization and Energy and Power Density Enhancement |
30 APR 2007 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Chang M. Li; NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIV (SINGAPORE) SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
|
| This report covers investigations of advanced microbial H2/O2-fuel cell development, miniaturization, and energy and power density enhancement. The anode is very important in the performance of a microbial fuel cell "MFC", and is often the limiting factor for a high power output. In present work, we used the CNT/PANI composite as the anode materials of MFCs for the first time and investigated the electrocatalytic properties of the composite associated with ... |
|
| Servicing Hawker Vehicle Batteries with Standard Battery Charging and Test Equipment |
25 APR 2007 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Fred Krestik; TACOM RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WARREN MI
|
| The technical information presented is taken from Technical Bulletin TB 0-6140-252-13 titled: Field and Sustainment Maintenance and Recovery Procedures For Automotive HAWKER ARMASAFE Plus Battery NSN 6140-01-485-1472. |
|
| Joint Light Tactical Vehicle Power Requirements |
24 APR 2007 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Jennifer Hitchcock; TACOM RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WARREN MI
|
| Briefing on the power and energy needs of three categories of Joint Light Tactical Vehicles. |
|
| Li-Ion, Ultra-capacitor Based Hybrid Energy Module |
Apr 2007 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Zaher Daboussi; Anil Paryani; Gus Khalil; Henry Catherino; Sonya Gargies; AEROVIRONMENT INC MONROVIA CA
|
| Ultra-capacitors in multi kilo-farad ranges are now starting to be considered as alternatives or complimentary to batteries for products ranging from toys to hybrid vehicles as well as for space applications. Combining their superb specific power of 2-5kW/kg, high efficiency and very long cycle life with the high energy density of Li-Ion batteries, practical solutions to a variety of applications can be foreseen. To determine the optimum utilization of ultra-capacitors ... |
|
| Microchemical Systems for Fuel Processing and Conversion to Electrical Power |
15 MAR 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Klavs F. Jensen; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
 | This final report describes progress and accomplishments of the MIT MURI Microchemical Systems for Fuel Processing and Conversion to Electrical Power. The program aimed to develop a fundamental understanding of the different physical phenomena underlying fuel processing at millimeter to micron scale as well as to establish the engineering principles needed to realize portable electrical power generation from hydrocarbon fuels. Competing approaches to fuel conversions were addressed with particular emphasis ... |
|
| Mechanism of Thermal Runaway in VRLA Batteries and Methods to Suppress It - Phase II |
MAR 2007 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Detchko Pavlov; BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES SOFIA
|
| The aim of this project is to elucidate the mechanism of thermal runaway in VRLA batteries and especially the eventual role of the AGM separator. The oxygen evolution (OER) and oxygen recombination reactions (ORR) proceed in the cells, and the only work done by the input power is to transfer water from anode to cathode through these reactions, the remaining energy being dissipated as heat. The heat generators in the ... |
|
Electrochemical Energy Storage
