| Industry Study, Electronics Industry, Spring 2009 |
Jan 2009 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
INDUSTRIAL COLL OF THE ARMED FORCES WASHINGTON DC
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 | The semiconductor industry is under pressure, thus accelerating the industry evolution from vertical integration to specialization and collaboration. Speed-to-market, function integration, low power, and customer focus are increasingly important. Clustering and collaborative efforts are needed to offset the high costs of new development and are necessary for knowledge fusion and cross-disciplinary research. The US currently lacks a comprehensive plan to fully capitalize on opportunities presented by the new environment and ... |
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| Solar Wind Structure Sources and Periodicites of Auroral Electron Power Over the Three Solar Cycles |
Jan 2009 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Barbara A Emery; Ian G Richardson; David S Evans; Frederick J Rich; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
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| We assess the contributions of various types of solar wind structures(transients, coronal hole high-speed streams(HSS), and slow-speed wind) to hourly average auroral electron power (P sub e). The time variation of the solar wind velocity (V sub sw) and P(sub e) with V(sub sw)B for V (sub sw) with strong 7- and 9-day periodicities in 2005-2008 and equinox semiannual periodicities in 1995-1999. |
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| Synthesis and Photovoltaic Application of Coper (I) Sulfide Nanocrystals |
22 Dec 2008 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Yue Wu; Cyrus Wadia; Wanli Ma; Bryce Sadtler; A P Alivisatos; CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB
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| We present the rational synthesis of colloidal copper(I) sulfide nanocrystals and demonstrate their application as an active light absorbing component in combination with CdS nanorods to make a solution-processed solar cell with 1.6 percent power conversion efficiency on both conventional glass substrates and flexible plastic substrates with stability over a 4 month testing period. |
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| Proceedings of the Antenna Applications Symposium (32nd) Held in Monticello, Illinois on 16-18 September 2008. Volume 2 |
20-Dec-2008 |
265 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel Schaubert; J D Wolf; T L Roach; J T Bernhard; D Filipovic; G Potvin; D Fontaine; Y Saito; J-M Rollin; L M Paulsen; M J Buckley; M W Elsallal; J B West; R J Mailloux; S G Santarelli; T M Roberts; D Luu; M Stasiowski; D Schaubert; Z Popovic; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV AMHERST DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
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| The Proceedings of the 2007 Antenna Applications Symposium is a collection of state-of-the art papers relating to antenna arrays millimeter wave antennas simulation and measurement of antennas integrated antennas and antenna bandwidth and radiation improvements. |
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| Proceedings of the Antenna Applications Symposium (32nd) Held in Monticello, Illinois on 16-18 September 2008. Volume 1 |
20-Dec-2008 |
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| Authors:
M W Elsallal; T L Roach; J T Bernhard; D Filipovic; G Potvin; D Fontaine; Y Saito; J-M Rollin; Z Popovic; J D Wolf; L M Paulsen; J B West; R J Mailloux; S G Santarelli; T M Roberts; D Luu; M Stasiowski; D Schaubert; M J Buckley; D H Schaubert; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV AMHERST DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
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 | The Proceedings of the 2008 Antenna Applications Symposium is a collection of state-of-the art papers relating to antenna arrays, millimeter wave antennas, simulation, and measurement of antennas integrated antennas and antenna bandwidth and radiation improvements. |
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| Complexity-Enabled Sensor Networks and Photonic Switching Devices |
20-Dec-2008 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
D J Gauthier; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC OFFICE OF RESEARCH SUPPORT
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| The researchers have demonstrated that a holistic, complexity-based design approach can lead to improved functionality or sensitivity of devices. They have developed two different types of devices, each of which is optimized for different applications: an opto-electronic chaotic oscillator that can be used as a building block for an intrusion detection network; and an ultra-low-light-level photonic switch for quantum information networks. Although these devices are quite different, they are both ... |
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| Evaluation of a Simple Proof Test of Planar Ferrite Cores |
20-Dec-2008 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
de la; Aldrich Cruz; David Witkin; AEROSPACE CORP EL SEGUNDO CA
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| Ferrites are soft magnetic materials that have a wide range of uses in microwave circuits. Many otherwise flight-qualified parts may have a variety of defects arising from fabrication and handling. A finite-element analysis (FEA) was performed to design a simple proof test for a particular planar ferrite core geometry. A 3-point bend test and three different geometries of 4-point bend tests were modeled to determine the distribution of tensile stress ... |
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| Stochastic Magnetization Dynamics Excited by Spin-Polarized Current in Magnetic Nano-Structures |
17-Dec-2008 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Andrei M Slavin; OAKLAND UNIV ROCHESTER MI DEPT OF PHYSICS
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| The work is devoted to theoretical research leading to the fundamental understanding of the influence of thermal noise on the performance of nano-sized spin-torque microwave oscillators for military and space applications. In contrast with the existing theories, the developed theory is not be based on the assumption that the noise power is much smaller than the power generated by the oscillator. The theory takes into account strong nonlinearity of nano-scale ... |
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| History and Performance of FEI Space-Class Oscillators |
01-Dec-2008 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
M Bloch; O Mancini; T McClelland; FREQUENCY ELECTRONICS INC MITCHEL FIELD NY
|
| An indispensable component of any space vehicle is the onboard master oscillator. The proper operation of the entire payload is dependent on the performance of the master oscillator or the onboard clock. Frequency Electronics, Inc. (FEI) has been a key supplier of high reliability oscillators for space applications since 1963, and in this paper we will present a short history of oscillators for space applications that include quartz-based oscillators, rubidium ... |
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| Coherent Frequency Reference Generation in the NASA Deep Space Network |
01-Dec-2008 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
B Tucker; J Lauf; J Gouzalez; R Hamell; W Diener; R L Tjoelker; JET PROPULSION LAB PASADENA CA TIME AND FREQUENCY SYSTEMS RESEARCH GROUP
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| JPL is nearing completion of a new frequency reference generation and distribution system to replace the DSN FTS Coherent Reference Generator (CRG). The existing CRG selects the online frequency standard, synthesizes standard reference frequencies, and provides fan-out to distribute to users which may be up to 30 km away. Like the existing CRG that is critical to DSN operation, the replacement system must be extremely reliable and preserve the high ... |
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| Ultrastable Oscillators for Space Applications |
01-Dec-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Peter Cash; Don Emmons; Johan Welgemoed; SYMMETRICOM SAN JOSE CA
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| The requirements for high-stability ovenized quartz oscillators have been increasing in space applications. These devices provide attractive size, weight, power, and reliability for use in space missions; they also exhibit short-term frequency stability that rivals that of the best atomic-based signal sources. Symmetricom has delivered flight oscillators for the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter and other military programs that have demonstrated 1 x 10(exp -13) Allan deviation for time intervals of 10 ... |
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| Phase Transfer for Radio Astronomy Interferometers, Over Installed Fiber Networks, Using a Round-Trip Correction System |
01-Dec-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
R Davis; R McCool; M Bentley; S Garrington; R Spencer; B Anderson; MANCHESTER UNIV (UNITED KINGDOM)
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| The MERLIN telescope, based at Jodrell Bank, achieves coherent operation using a frequency standard transmitted over microwave links. This system is locally known as the Lband Link (LBL). The LBL uses pulses of RF carrier waves to transmit bi-directionally between two locations in a time-division-multiplexed system (TDM). Tests in the laboratory and astronomical observations have confirmed that the LBL detects changes of delay at approximately the 1-picosecond level over periods ... |
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| The Master Clock Building at USNO Infrastructure |
01-Dec-2008 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Warren F Walls; NAVAL OBSERVATORY WASHINGTON DC TIME SERVICE DIV
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| The U.S. Naval Observatory recently completed a new facility to house its rubidium fountains as well as hydrogen masers, cesium-beam-tube clocks, and future clocks. The design and performance of the building itself is key to providing a good environment to house the clocks. Additionally, the measurement, dissemination, and future capabilities of the infrastructure electronics are critical to achieving mission goals and supporting requirements into the future. This paper reviews some ... |
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| Evaluation of Output Phase Stability in a Fiber-Optic Two-Way Frequency Distribution System |
01-Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Sven-Christian Ebenhag; Kenneth Jaldehag; Per Jarlemark; Per O Hedekvist; Carsten Rieck; Hakan Skoogh; SP TECHNICAL RESEARCH INST OF SWEDEN BORAS (SWEDEN)
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| The assembly of a real-time actively controlled fiber-optic frequency transfer link based on additions to an existing static solution is proposed and evaluated. The dynamic variations of transmission delays, caused mainly by temperature dependence of the fiber, is continuously measured and used to adjust a delay at the transmitter for net cancellation of the effect. The resulting link shows no visible temperature dependence; however, the feedback induces added noise at ... |
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| A Prototype Cesium Clock Ensemble for The Loran-C Radionavigation System |
01-Dec-2008 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Aaron P Dahlen; COAST GUARD WILDWOOD NJ ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING CENTER
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| This paper presents a prototype real time clock ensemble designed for semi-autonomous operation at unmanned Loran-C radionavigation transmitting stations. This clock is designed to mitigate a doomsday scenario where all space-based timing assets are lost. It is implemented using three free-running commercial cesium oscillators, a traditional measurement system, and an Auxiliary Output Generator (AOG) phase-locked to the weighted mean of the cesium ensemble. A relatively inexpensive rubidium oscillator is used ... |
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| Enhancing the Art of Space Operations - Progress in JHU/APL Ultra-Stable Oscillator Capabilities |
01-Dec-2008 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Gregory Weaver; Matthew Reinhart; Robert Wallis; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV LAUREL MD APPLIED PHYSICS LAB
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| The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) Ultra-stable Oscillator (USO) has been demonstrated in nearly 50 years of space applications to be a strategic asset to the space timekeeping and signal technologies of the United States. Therefore, advancing the JHU/APL USO capability by improving its frequency stability, without diminishing reliability, is uniquely valuable to the operations of space communication and navigation systems. Ultimately, we expect that the call for ... |
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| Towards an Integrated Optic Phase-Locked Oscillator |
01-Dec-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Michael R Watts; Jungwon Kim; Franz X Kaertner; Anthony L Lentine; William A Zortman; SANDIA NATIONAL LABS ALBUQUERQUE NM
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| A recent experiment, performed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, has demonstrated that by locking a microwave oscillator to an optical pulse train from a modelocked laser, exceptional timing stability can be achieved. In the experiment, a 10.225-GHz microwave oscillator was locked to an optical phase detection apparatus consisting of a modelocked laser, a Sagnac interferometer, and an optical phase modulator. A relative out-of-loop timing jitter of 6.8 femtoseconds (root ... |
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| Next Steps in Network Time Synchronization For Navy Shipboard Applications |
01-Dec-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Karen O'Donoghue; Mark Glass; Timothy Plunkett; NAVAL SEA SYSTEMS COMMAND DAHLGREN VA
|
| Next generation Navy platform designs are evolving towards generalized multipurpose infrastructures based on open standards and commercial products. These platforms will support a wide range of new and expanding applications in a more flexible and dynamic manner than in previous designs. This new paradigm creates significant network time synchronization challenges. The Navy has been deploying the Network Time Protocol (NTP) in shipboard computing infrastructures to meet the current network time ... |
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| Recent Progress in Silicon Mems Oscillators |
01-Dec-2008 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Wan-Thai Hsu; DISCERA INC ANN ARBOR MI
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| This paper first reviews key milestones in the making of silicon MEMS oscillators and how MEMS resonators can be used as frequency references for electronic systems, starting from silicon resonators device designs with different fabrication processes, to wafer level packaging technologies, to the robustness of volume manufacturing processes. Secondly, as final products, various MEMS oscillators from various companies are compared with quartz crystal oscillators in terms of jitter, power consumption, ... |
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| Adaptive Filter Techniques for Optical Beam Jitter Control and Target Tracking |
Dec-2008 |
117 pages |
| Authors:
Michael J Beerer; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| The objective of this research is to develop advanced control methods to attenuate laser beam jitter using a fast-steering mirror. Adaptive filter controllers using Filtered-X Least Mean Square (FX-LMS) and Filtered-X Recursive Least Square (FX-RLS) algorithms are explored. The disturbances that cause beam jitter include mechanical vibrations on the optical platform (narrowband) and atmospheric turbulence (broadband). Both feedforward filters (with the use of auxiliary reference sensor(s)) and feedback filters (with ... |
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| Reduced Precision Redundancy Applied to Arithmetic Operations in Field Programmable Gate Arrays for Satellite Control and Sensor Systems |
Dec-2008 |
175 pages |
| Authors:
Margaret A Sullivan; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| This thesis examines two problems in on-board computing for space vehicles and develops rules for applying Reduced Precision Redundancy (RPR) as a new method of fault tolerance in Field Programmable Gate Arrays against Single Event Effects due to radiation on orbit. RPR was discovered by Snodgrass in 2006 and was first demonstrated using the single-input CORDIC algorithm. This research applies RPR to elementary multiple-input arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) ... |
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| A Validation of a Molecular Dynamics Simulation in Determining the Thermal Conductivity of a La-Zr Pyrochlore |
Dec-2008 |
97 pages |
| Authors:
Jeremiah J Cheatum; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
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| Semiconductors continue to shrink in size and are now nearing the performance limits of some traditional materials. Silicon Dioxide, which has been used extensively as a gate insulator in MOSFETs, is one such material and so research is focusing on finding a suitable replacement with a high dielectric constant. Oxides of Lanthanum and Zirconium have been identified as possible successors, but these compounds have not been well studied. This thesis ... |
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| Pulse Mode Light Sensing Using Four-Layer Semiconductor Structures and Their Application in Neural Networks |
Dec-2008 |
91 pages |
| Authors:
Ioannis Siganos; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| Existing semiconductor photodetectors produce a steady current or voltage output in response to incident light that depends on the intensity of the light beam. In contrast, biological vision systems produce a stream of pulses with pulse rate representing the amount of incident light power. The goal of this thesis is to explore the use of a four-layer PNPN semiconductor structure as an optical detector that produces pulses instead of steady ... |
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| Efficient Implementation of Filtering and Resampling Operations on Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) for Software Defined Radio (SDR) |
Dec-2008 |
79 pages |
| Authors:
Georgios Giannoulis; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| In Software Defined Radios a good portion (or even the entirety) of the modulation and demodulation processes is performed in the digital domain. The data rate of the transmitted information is very important, since efficiency is a key requirement in real time implementations and cost increases considerably with the number of samples per second to be processed. In this thesis, we address the problem of efficient design of the resampling ... |
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| Multiphysics Modeling of a Novel Photoelastic Modulator for Ultra-High Performance FT Spectrometry |
Dec-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Tudor N Buican; Arthur H Carrieri; SEMIOTIC ENGINEERING ASSOCIATES LLC ALBUQUERQUE NM
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| We present the multiphysics model and simulation of a virtual stack/phased array (VSPA) photoelastic modulator (PEM), a novel type of high-retardation PEM for use in ultra-high performance FT spectrometers with applications in the optical recognition of explosives and CB warfare agents. The multiphysics model consists mainly of coupled partial differential equations (PDE) describing high-intensity acoustic fields driven by a phased array of attached piezoelectric transducers (PZT) and the coupled heat ... |
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| A Priori Design of Optimal Electro-Optic Materials for Laser Eye Protection |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
J Andzelm; M Davis; A Chafin; G Lindsay; Weitao Yang; D N Beratan; C Rinderspacher; T M Pritchett; J Dougherty; A Rawlett; P J Reynolds; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| The task of protecting soldier eyesight and battlefield optical sensors from potentially damaging effects of high-intensity light has stimulated interest in electro-optic (EO) materials such as EO chromophores inserted into polymeric material. A priori design of optimal EO chromophores of Army relevance requires the capability to calculate accurately both the linear absorption properties (in effect, the color) and non-linear optical (NLO) properties of EO chromophores. Here we discuss two major ... |
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| New Nanocrystalline Core Performance Versus Finemet(Registered) for High-power Inductors |
Dec-2008 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
D P Urciuoli; T E Salem; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD
|
| Advanced power electronic component development is critical for increasing power density for future military hybrid-electric ground vehicle systems. The design and development of compact, high-power, and high-temperature inductors for a 150 kW, DC-DC bidirectional converter is presented. The converter requires four 25 micronH inductors, each rated for continuous operation at 37.5 kW. With goals of reduced component volume and improved thermal management, inductor performance for commercially available FINEMET(Registered) FT-3M and ... |
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| On-Site Field-Feeding Waste to Energy Converter |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
L Knowlton; D Pickard; J Diebold; K Lasnik; A Lilley; K Browne; ARMY NATICK SOLDIER RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER MA
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| Military field-feeding generates tons of solid waste that is a costly logistic burden, requiring personnel, vehicles, and fuel that could otherwise be used for the warfighting mission. Such waste also represents a source of chemical energy sufficient to power a field kitchen and/or other force sustainment systems. This research investigated the concept of employing an air-blown downdraft biomass gasifier to convert foodservice waste into useful energy. A prototype system was ... |
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| Nanothermite-Based Microsystem for Drug Delivery and Cell Transfection |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
S Apperson; R Thiruvengadathan; A Bezmelnitsyn; K Gangopadhyay; S Gangopadhyay; L Polo-Parada; MISSOURI UNIV-COLUMBIA DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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| This paper describes a new system for pressure-induced cell transfection. The system generates pressure pulses from a microchip that contains a small quantity of nanothermite material and an electrical igniter. The pressure output from the nanothermite reaction is coupled to the biological target through a PDMS membrane and a tube filled with gelatin. The system generates pressure pulses in the range of 10-40MPa. It has been used to transfect primary ... |
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| Fast Computational Methods for Computing Quantum Transport in Nanowires and Nanotubes |
Dec-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Eric Darve; Song Li; Dan E Petersen; Kurt Stokbro; STANFORD UNIV CA
|
| Nanowires and nanotubes are promising building blocks for designing nanoscale devices for sensing warfare agents. Computer models are key to designing and improving such sensors. Due to their nanoscale size, quantum models are needed to model the transport of electrons in this type of device. Few methods exist to accurately calculate quantum transport for systems comprising hundreds of thousands of atoms. The approach we are taking is based on the ... |
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| Experimental Progress Toward Detection and Identification of Electromagnetically Complex Structures |
Dec-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
I Kohlberg; Von; S A Laven; N G Albritton; H M Jaenisch; J W Handley; T A Baginski; A S Hodel; R W McMillan; AMTEC CORP HUNTSVILLE AL
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| Radio frequency (RF) signatures have been observed in the scattered return when a passive electromagnetically complex target structure is excited with a broadband pulse. The target range can be reliably determined up to a maximum range that is subject to equipment limitations. The range dependence of the return is found to be consistent with theoretical predictions, which include the role played by soil conductivity. Many activities, military and civilian, can ... |
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| Low-Profile Vertically Polarized Omnidirectional Antennas for Ground Sensor Networks |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Kamal Sarabandi; Wonbin Hong; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR
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| This paper presents for the first time low-profile, electrically small antenna with omnidirectional vertically polarized radiation similar to a short monopole antenna. Planar antennas capable of producing vertical polarization have long been sought for many military applications. The paper discusses two distinct and novel techniques that are facilitated to devise antennas that are small as 0.01 lamba in vertical height and perfectly matched to a 50 ohm source without the ... |
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| Ultra-wideband Radar for Building Interior Imaging |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Traian Dogaru; Calvin Le; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD SENSORS AND ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE
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| This paper presents both numeric simulations and radar measurements related to through the wall imaging technologies. We present synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images obtained by the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) Forward-Looking Radar system during field experiments and compare those with the results of our Xpatch computer models. We also demonstrate a computational approach based on the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) algorithm in order to obtain the SAR images of ... |
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| Microfluidic/SERS Detection of Trace Explosives |
Dec-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Carl Meinhart; Brian Piorek; Seung J Lee; Martin Moskovits; Craig Cummings; CALIFORNIA UNIV SANTA BARBARA DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
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| We have developed a chemical detector combining Free-Surface microfluidics (FSF) with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to measure air-borne molecules with extremely high sensitivity (parts per trillion) and molecular specificity. The free-surface of a microfluidic material stream allows polar airborne molecules to absorb directly into a microchannel flow, and provides a barrier to non-polar, water insoluble airborne molecules. Explosives molecules are polar and readily absorb into the microchannel flow, whereas many ... |
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| Safe Acceptable Standoff Distances for Body Wearable Antennas |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
George Palafox; Waliul Mizan; ARMY COMMUNICATIONS-ELECTRONICS RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENG CTR FT MONMOUTH NJ
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| Soldier Manpack radios for programs such as Future Warrior Technology Integration (FWTI), Land Warrior (LW) , and JTRS Handheld Manpack and Small Form Fit (HMS) use standard whip antennas which can be as large as a meter in height. During combat operations, the whip antenna can become entangled, damaged or destroyed, causing a degradation or loss of communications. In addition to the antenna's size, whip antennas present electrical challenges in ... |
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| Integration of the Bionanomaterial Bacteriorhodopsin and Single Electron Transistors |
Dec-2008 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Paul L Bergstrom; Craig Friedrich; Karl A Walczak; Manoranjan Arcary; Donald R Lueking; MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIV HOUGHTON DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING MECHANICS
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| Innovation in sensing technology is necessary in order to decrease negative outcomes in the event of a chemical or biological exposure. The sensors currently used to detect chemical and biological agents are too bulky, complex, and costly. The thrusts of this research are to develop sensor technologies. The technologies developed would help create sensor arrays which are: lightweight, disposable, wireless, deployable by hand, and reconfigurable. This paper will present initial ... |
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| Novel Devices Using Multifunctional ZnO and Its Nanostructures |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Yicheng Lu; R H Wittstruck; D Mackie; H Shen; Pavel Reyes; Ziqing Duan; Hanhong Chen; Gaurav Saraf; Jun Zhu; Jian Zhong; A Ballato; RUTGERS - THE STATE UNIV PISCATAWAY NJ DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
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| Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a promising wide band gap semiconductor. It has a direct energy band gap, Eg of 3.3eV at room temperature. ZnO can be alloyed with CdO and MgO to form the ternaries CdxZn1-xO and MgxZn1-xO, extending the direct energy band from 2.8eV to 4.0eV. Through proper doping, it also can be made transparent and conductive, piezoelectric, or ferromagnetic. ZnO based single crystal nanostructures can be grown at ... |
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| Sensitivity of Ion Absorption of Room Temperature Operating Single Electron Transistors |
Dec-2008 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
P S Karre; Paul L Bergstrom; Manoranjan Acharya; MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIV HOUGHTON
|
| Nanoelectronic devices form the building blocks of the nanoscaled systems and require innovative technologies for their realization. Single Electron Transistors (SET) is a novel class of nano transistor which operates on the principle of Coulomb blockade. Coulomb blockade effects become dominant when the device dimensions approach few nano-meters. The SET devices are potential candidates for applications in nano sensing, and data storage. Because of the smaller dimensions of the SET ... |
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| High Yield Magnetic Nanoparticles Filled Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Using Pulsed Laser Deposition |
Dec-2008 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Dereje Seifu; Shashi P Karna; MORGAN STATE UNIV BALTIMORE MD DEPT OF PHYSICS
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| We present a high yield filling technique of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), grown vertically on a SiO2 substrate, with magnetic nanoparticles using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Magnetization measurements in-plane and out-of-plane with respect to the sample surface indicate reasonable coercivity estimated at 0.4 T. The magnetic anisotropy is however found to be randomly oriented, indicating a polycrystalline structure. The unique difference between the in-plane and out-of-plane magnetizations is the sharing ... |
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| Fabrication and Characterization of Nanoporous Energetic Silicon |
Dec-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
W Churaman; L Currano; M Dubey; C Becker; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD
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| Arising as a new class of energetic material, nanoporous energetic silicon holds great potential for applications such as fuzing and thrust generation, which require large power output. In this paper we address fabrication and material characterization as well as monolithic integration of a hotwire initiator and packaging; the first steps toward a fully integrated MEMS/IC/energetic material system. |
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| Threshold Voltage Improvement and Gate Leakage Current Reduction in a Multi-dot Room Temperature Operating Single Electron Transistor (RT-SET) |
Dec-2008 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
P S Karre; Paul L Bergstrom; Manoranjan Acharya; Daw D Cheam; MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIV HOUGHTON DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
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| The single-electron transistor (SET) is one of the best candidates for future nano electronic circuits because of its ultralow power consumption and small size. SET devices operate on the principle of Coulomb blockade, which is more prominent at dimensions of a few nano meters. Typically, the SET device consists of two capacitively coupled ultra small tunnel junctions with a nano island between them. The electron tunneling through the tunnel junctions ... |
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| Compact, Low-Power Atomic Time and Frequency Standards |
Dec-2008 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
M Zhu; J F DeNatale; R L Borwick; P A Stupar; R A Newgard; TELEDYNE SCIENTIFIC COMPANY THOUSAND OAKS CA
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| We report the status of ongoing activities in development of a compact, low-power atomic time/frequency standard, the Chip-Scale Atomic Clock (CSAC). The status of efforts addressing the refinement of the CSAC for improved mechanical and environmental robustness is described. The improved frequency stability offered by CSAC has the potential to impact a number of system applications, and these impacts are discussed. |
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| Closed-Loop Attention Management: Using Augmented Cognition to Sustain Vigilance |
Dec-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
St; Mark John; Matthew R Risser; PACIFIC SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING GROUP INC SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Vigilance tasks, from driving to surveillance to security remain important and frequent tasks for the US Army. Yet the difficulty users have sustaining vigilance is well known. Augmented cognition offers new methods for supporting sustained vigilance via a closed-loop attention management system (CLAM). A CLAM system monitors operators? psychophysiology for signs of inattention and then triggers a countermeasure to rouse operators and help them sustain vigilance and good task performance. ... |
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| Threshold Voltage Instability in A-Si:H TFTS and the Implications for Flexible Displays and Circuits |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Z Li; E Forsythe; G Raupp; K Baugh; E Bawolek; N Darbanian; S Venugopal; R Shringarpure; L Clark; D Allee; D Morton; ARIZONA STATE UNIV TEMPE
|
| After a brief review of the characteristics of electrical stress degradation of flexible, amorphous silicon thin film transistors, the implications for various types of flexible circuitry including active matrix backplanes, integrated drivers and general purpose digital circuitry are examined. A circuit modeling tool that enables the prediction of complex circuit degradation is presented. Experimental results for a variety of flexible digital circuits including programmable logic arrays and memories are presented. ... |
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| Nanosensors for Detection of Biological Threat Contaminants in Critical Buildings |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Ashok Kumar; Andrew Nelson; Larry D Stephenson; Elizabeth Norton; Jeremy Hale; CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL
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| A nanoscale sensing modality for detection of bacterial contaminants was developed. The modality uses fluorescent nanoparticles, also known as 'Quantum dots' (QDs) conjugated to fragmented antibodies of targeted contaminants, and a quenching dye that labels an antigen surrogate. Coupling of the QD-labeled fragmented antibody and the quencher-labeled antigen allows sufficient fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET) to quench QD emissions. The subsequent addition of the targeted antigen displaces the dye-labeled bacteria, ... |
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| Direct Fabrication of a-Si:H Thin Film Transistor Arrays on Plastic and Metal Foils for Flexible Displays |
Dec-2008 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
S M O'Rourke; D C Morton; G B Raupp; N Colaneri; J Haq; S M Venugopal; D R Allee; J P Kaminski; R Naujokaitis; J Dailey; D Bottesch; M Marrs; B P O'Brien; S K Ageno; E J Bawolek; C Moyer; D E Loy; E W Forsythe; ARIZONA STATE UNIV TEMPE
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| In this paper we describe solutions to address critical challenges in direct fabrication of amorphous silicon thin film transistor (TFTs) arrays for high information content active matrix flexible displays for Army applications. For all flexible substrates a manufacturable handling protocol in automated display-scale equipment is required. For metal foil substrates the principal challenges are planarization and electrical isolation, and management of coefficient of thermal expansion induced stress (CTE mismatch) during ... |
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| Toward Three Dimensional Circuits Formed by Molten-Alloy Driven Self-Assembly |
Dec-2008 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Madan Dubey; Christopher J Morris; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD SENSORS AND ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE
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| Self-assembly opens new possibilities in three-dimensional (3-D) device structures, and here we report on our progress toward a self-assembling 3-D circuit. A major challenge to such a system has been the fabrication of large numbers of free-standing, microfabricated parts, and we have overcome this challenge by developing a new wafer-bond and release process. We present this process on 100 mm diameter wafers, and finally show initial assembly results. |
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| Global Positioning System Timing Criticality Assessment - Preliminary Performance Results |
Dec-2008 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
James Carroll; Kirk Montgomery; JOHN A VOLPE NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS CENTER CAMBRIDGE MA
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| Precision timing and time interval (PTTI) capabilities are becoming more commonplace throughout the world. The increasing demand for and use of precise time comes with a potentially increasing risk of over-reliance on a single timing source. In addition, many precise time applications are considered critical, in that service disruption could result in severe consequences. The Global Positioning System (GPS) provides PTTI services that meet or exceed most user requirements, at ... |
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| Phase Noise Model for an Array of Combined Sources Using Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) |
Dec-2008 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas M Van't Comberiate; J P Hof; Laura B Ruppalt; Keir C Lauritzen; Salvador H Talisa; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV LAUREL MD APPLIED PHYSICS LAB
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| A direct digital synthesizer (DDS) offers the fastest frequency jumping and the finest frequency tuning resolution of any technology available today in a completely controlled digital environment. In this work, we present and experimentally verify a concise DDS phase noise model which includes the possibility of combining the outputs of an array of N parallel DDSs for improved total phase noise performance. The DDS phase noise, LDDS, consists of contributions ... |
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| Time Shifting Chaotic Signals Using Synchronization |
Dec-2008 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Ned J Corron; Jonathan N Blakely; ARMY AVIATION AND MISSILE RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT ENG CTR REDSTONE ARSENAL AL
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| In this paper we examine two couplings that produce time-shifted synchronization in a pair of chaotic oscillators. The couplings do not utilize an explicit time-delay term. We characterize the observed synchronization by determining the dependence of the time shift and cross correlation between the drive and response oscillators on a tunable parameter. Our observations agree well with estimates of the time shift and cross correlation using a transfer function. |
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Electrical and Electronic Equipment
