| Spread Spectrum Communications Emulator Design |
MAR 91 |
|
| Authors:
Gary J. Saulnier; Pankaj K. Das; Joseph M. Pennisi; GEORGIA TECH RESEARCH CORP ATLANTA
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 | This report describes a simulation which was developed to emulate a spread spectrum communication system. The simulation was developed to allow test and evaluation of advanced signal processing concepts, which will be used by the Air Force in developing next-generation jam resistant, covert communication systems. |
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| Use of Property Restoral Algorithms for Blind Adaptation of Receive-Path and Transmit-Path Antenna Arrays in a Ground-Based Communication System. Phase 1 |
22 FEB 91 |
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| Authors:
Dean W. Minster; ADVANCED COUNTERMEASURE SYSTEMS SACRAMENTO CA
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| A receive adaptation algorithm which is tailored for spread spectrum communications, frequency hopping and direct sequence, has been developed. A receive architecture which is compatible with existing Army radios, yet flexible enough to accommodate a variety of algorithms, using commercially available and proven components, and with minimum complexity to allow size and power reductions in future designs to result in compatibility with the Army's mobil applications, has been developed. The ... |
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| Fiber Optic Sensors for the Military |
FEB 91 |
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| Authors:
Nanette M. Shoenfelt; ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER DOVER NJ FIRE SUPPO RT ARMAMENT CENTER
|
| Fiber optics have traditionally been used for communication systems. These fibers are convenient to use because they are not susceptible to electromagnetic interference. Now, fibers are being used in more fields. Sensors are a new application for fiber optics. They can be used to sense temperature, chemicals, and position. What makes optical fibers attractive for sensing is that different wavelengths of light can be used for different sensing applications. The ... |
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| The Mean and Variance of Diffuse Scattered Power as a Function of Clutter Resolution Cell Size |
FEB 91 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Robert J. Papa; Margaret B. Woodworth; ROME LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
|
 | In this report, a study is made of the mean and variance of the scattered power as the cell size is varied. These results are based upon a one- dimensional physical optics model for rough surface scattering. The behavior of the mean normalized cross section and the normalized variance is investigated as a function of scattering angle. Parametric studies show the dependence of the statistics on angle of incidence, cell ... |
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| Information War |
91 |
|
| Authors:
Mark C. Lewonowski; AIR WAR COLL MAXWELL AFB AL
|
| The struggle to dominate the information sphere, the domain of command, control, communications and intelligence (C3I), will be the center of gravity of future conflicts between modern forces. Command is an information function. The modern staff, and the data processing and communication systems it relies on, performs important value-adding analysis and decision services to aid the commander. The entire information system supporting the commander is essential to conducting modern warfare, ... |
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| Methodological Considerations in Using Simulation to Assess the Combat Value of Intelligence and Electronic Warfare |
91 |
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| Authors:
Steven C. Bankes; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
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| The Operational Value of Intelligence and Electronic Warfare (OPVIEW) project is endeavoring to develop means for evaluating intelligence and electronic warfare/target acquisition (IEW/TA) systems in terms of their contribution to combat outcomes through the use of simulation. The challenge of adequately representing the intelligence process in a simulation model is being met through model representations. These will be described in subsequent documents. A greater and more fundamental challenge is to ... |
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| Calculated Noise Performance of a Frequency Hop Sequence System with Applications to Low Altitude Satellite Communications |
DEC 90 |
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| Authors:
Mehmet T. Ozden; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| This research considers communication amongst a community of earth terminals through a collection of low altitude earth oriented satellites (LASAT) . In one proposed LASAT system, all satellites are identical and simultaneous transmission of near identical signals from several satellites creates interference at the earth receivers. Frequency hop sequence (FHS) is a new form of frequency hopping (FH) and is the proposed spread spectrum LASAT communications technique considered in this ... |
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| Developing a Methodology to Improve the Performance of Smart Weapon Systems in Countermeasure Environments |
30 NOV 90 |
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| Authors:
G. M. Flachs; Ramon Parra; Gary Hancock; Juanita Garrison; NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV LAS CRUCES DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
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| The thrust of the research is to initiate the development of a theoretical and empirical basis for incorporating the important environmental and countermeasures variables into the evaluation, selection and processing of multispectral sensors/features for distinguishing target signatures. The research reflects a small but significant effort to develop a methodology for analyzing multispectral sensors and relating their performance to environmental and countermeasure factors under widely varying environmental and countermeasure conditions. ... |
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| Analysis of Voltammetric Half-Wave Potentials in Low Ionic Strength Solutions and Voltammetric Measurement of Ion Impurity Concentrations |
17 NOV 90 |
|
| Authors:
Bradford D. Pendley; Hector D. Abruna; John D. Norton; Wendy E. Benson; Henry S. White; MINNESOTA UNIV MINNEAPOLIS DEPT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
|
| An analytic equation is presented that allows the prediction of steady-state voltammetric half-wave potentials as a function of electrolyte concentration in low ionic strength solutions for an electrode of arbitrary geometry and size. The equation is tested for the oxidation of ferrocene in acetonitrile at 2.4 - 20 micro m platinum microdisk electrodes for electrolyte (tetra-n-butylammonium perchlorate) concentrations between 10 and 4x 10 to the 9th power M, and in ... |
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| Quick-Reaction Report on Contracting Procedures for the Hot Metal Plus Plume Suppression System Used on the AH-1 Cobra Helicopter |
02 NOV 1990 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
INSPECTOR GENERAL DEPT OF DEFENSE ARLINGTON VA
|
| During our audit of Suppression Systems Used on the AH-1 Helicopter and OV-lD Aircraft, and the AN/ALQ-144 Infrared Jammer, we made a limited review of contracting procedures as a part of our overall objective, which was to evaluate the design adequacy of the systems. We reviewed modification P000l0 of contract no. DAAJ09-87-C-ll96 for production of the Hot Metal Plus Plume Suppression system to determine the nature ... |
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| Avionics Panel Symposium on Electronic Counter-Counter Measures for Avionics Sensors and Communication Systems Held in Ottobrunn, Germany on 1-5 October 1990 (Les Contre-Contremeasures Electroniques pour les Capteurs d'Avionique et Les Systemes de Telecom |
05 OCT 90 |
|
| Authors:
ADVISORY GROUP FOR AEROSPACE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE (FRAN CE)
|
| The performance of sensor and communication systems can be limited significantly by hostile Electronic Counter Measures (ECM). These include passive measures such as radar and laser warning receivers, interception, emitter location systems as well as active measures such as jammers in various roles using different techniques and deception devices. The symposium covered ECCM ranging from frequency agility to spread spectrum and data fusion techniques for both sensor and communications systems. ... |
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| Information Capacity of the Matched Gaussian Channel with Jamming. 2. Infinite-Dimensional Channels |
OCT 90 |
|
| Authors:
C. R. Baker; I. F. Chao; NORTH CAROLINA UNIV AT CHAPEL HILL DEPT OF STATISTICS
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| The additive infinite-dimensional Gaussian channel subject to jamming is modeled as a two-person zero-sum game with mutual information as the payoff function. The jammer's noise is added to the ambient Gaussian noise. The coder's signal energy is subject to a constraint is necessary in order that the capacity without feedback be finite. It is shown that use of this same RKHS constraint on the jammer's process is too strong; the ... |
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| Coding for Spread-Spectrum Channels in the Presence of Jamming |
30 SEP 90 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Robert J. McEliece; CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH PASADENA DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
|
| Multi-user communication systems have been studied. There are systems in which many simultaneous two-way conversations have common frequencies. The maximum number of such conversations can be computed by a fairly simple linear program. (Author) |
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| Deceiving the Opposing Force: A Program of Theoretical and Applied Research to Aid the Deception Planner |
SEP 90 |
|
| Authors:
Allen L. Zaklad; Wayne W. Zachary; James H. Hicinbothom; Alfons L. Broz; Beverly G. Knapp; ANALYTICS INC WILLOW GROVE PA
|
| The concept of battlefield deception was developed using a hierarchical framework, a cognitively based decision model, and an act-react cycle to illustrate battlefield flow to help deception planners understand intentions and expected observables. Based on indentified gaps in the current doctrinal planning process, a PC-based battlefield activities analysis tool (BAAT) was designed. The explication of the planning process, U.S. and Soviet Army deception planning and doctrine development. Keywords: Battlefields; Deception; ... |
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| Measured Noise Performance of a Data Clock Circuit Derived from the Local M-Sequence in Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum Systems |
SEP 90 |
|
| Authors:
Stuart D. Harshbarger; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| An improved method for deriving the timing information required for data recovery in the receiver of direct-sequence spread spectrum systems was implemented in hardware. This method uses a priori knowledge of the spreading sequence and its relation to the transmitted data to determine the precise beginning and end of data bits in the received signal. Testing of the hardware built for this research is concerned primarily with the performance of ... |
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| Assessment of the Effects of Refractive Conditions on Electronic Warfare in Central America |
SEP 90 |
72 pages |
| Authors:
Mauricio G. Maldonado; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis presents a study of the atmospheric refractivity conditions in the oceanic area around Central America and a description of the possible propagation effects on surveillance systems. The basic principles of atmospheric refraction are presented along with the techniques used to determine the occurrence of atmospheric ducts and to characterize the type of refractive profiles occurring at a station. Radiosonde data collected by coastal stations in the area were ... |
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| Performance Analysis of High Frequency Single-Site-Location Antenna Arrays Using Numerical Electromagnetic Modeling |
SEP 90 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Harry T. Schiantarelli; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Electronic support measures (ESM) systems play an increasingly important role in modern warfare and can influence the outcome of a military engagement. The application of ESM can be extended to anti-guerrilla and anti- drug operations where law enforcement agencies can exploit the fact that their presence is inducing the outlaw to depend more on radio communications to coordinate their activities. When a propagation path of no more than one reflection ... |
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| Airborne DECM Threat File Reprogramming: Analysis and Recommendation for the Brazilian Air Force |
SEP 90 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
Gerald M. Batista; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The objective of this work is to outline rules for the implementation of Electronic Warfare Reprogramming Libraries (EWRL) in the Brazilian Air Force (FAB). First, a brief description of the structure and functions of the relevant branches of Brazilian Air Force will be presented. Second, why having a reprogramming process for airborne RADAR WARNING RECEIVERS (RWR) THREAT LIBRARIES is important at the current stage of EW development within the Brazilian ... |
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| Hopping Synthesizer Controller |
AUG 90 |
|
| Authors:
Robin Addison; DEFENCE RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT OTTAWA (ONTARIO)
|
| The EHF SATCOM (Extremely High Frequency Satellite Communications) project includes a contract in industry for a ground-based model of a frequency hopping spread spectrum satellite communications system. There is also an in- house effort in key technical areas. One requirement for is a Hopping Synthesizer Controller to drive a frequency synthesizer, and is the subject of this report. The controller was built on a single board using a digital signal ... |
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| Effect of Worst-Case Multiple Jammers on Coded FH/SSMA Systems |
31 JUL 90 |
|
| Authors:
Evaggelos Geraniotis; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| This report characterizes and evaluates the effect of simultaneous multiple partial-band noise or tone jammers and other-user interference on a single communication link employing frequency-hopped spread-spectrum (FH/SS) signaling, M-ary frequency-shift-keying (FSK) modulation with noncoherent demodulation, and Reed-Solomon coding. For the symbol error probability of these systems, we derive exact expressions in the absence of multiple-access (MA) interference and tight upper bounds in the presence of other-user interference. Although our analytical ... |
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| Assessment of Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Technology |
13 JUL 90 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
TACTICAL TECHNOLOGY CENTER COLUMBUS OH
|
| The Panel concentrated on radar but invited the presentation of ideas on communications. No ideas or proposals for UWB communications systems or techniques were presented, nor were any advantages for such systems apparent to the Panel. Examination of electronic warfare and RF weaponization applications was very limited. The restrictions imposed by the combination of security classification and the proprietary nature of many of the EW and weaponization concepts under development ... |
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| Deception Integration in the U.S. Army |
01 JUN 90 |
|
| Authors:
Jack H. Spencer; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| The Army has begun the process of relearning and integrating deception into doctrine and operations. The state of doctrine and training both appear to be in need of aggressive review and modification. History shows that it is a potent combat multiplier that can be decisive in gaining surprise and initiative. History shows the costs of these operations to be less than one would expect. The risks appear relatively low as ... |
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| Considerations for ECM Testing at DREO |
JUN 90 |
|
| Authors:
J. Loo; W. K. McRitchie; DEFENCE RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT OTTAWA (ONTARIO)
|
| This note addresses the basic issues involved in modelling simulations in DREO's Electronic Warfare Engagement Simulation Facility. Fundamental design and implementation problems in DREO's attempt to model missile attacks against simulated targets are highlighted and possible solutions are presented. This note also examines some of the advantages and disadvantages of open-loop versus closed-loop hardware testing at DREO. Alternative simulation approaches using solely software models or a Modular Adaptable Radar Simulator ... |
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| Diversity Performance in Frequency-Hopped 8-ARY Signals-Implementation and Measurements |
JUN 90 |
|
| Authors:
P. Tardif; E. B. Felstead; COMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH CENTRE OTTAWA (ONTARIO)
|
| A micro-processor based signal processor was built and tested that is capable of performing the diversity combining needed to reduce the error rate of 8-ary non-coherent FSK signals demodulated onboard a satellite. Two combining techniques were implemented and tested: hard decision majority vote (HDMV) and normalized envelope detection (NED). Measurements of bit error rate performance of these two techniques in the presence of system noise plus either partial-band noise (PBN) ... |
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| Studies of ECCM Improvements for Frequency-Hopping CPFSK Systems |
30 MAY 90 |
|
| Authors:
J. S. Lee; L. E. Miller; R. H. French; LEE (J S) ASSOCIATES INC ARLINGTON VA
|
| The performance of frequency-hopping CPFSK modulations (such as used in several Army radio systems) in the presence of worst-case partial-band noise jamming (WCPBNJ) is derived for both limiter-discriminator and differential detector forms of receiver. The transmitter is assumed to repeat the data L times on different hops, and the receiver combines the L chips for each data symbol in a way to mitigate the effects of the jamming. Hard-decision combining ... |
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| Tactics, Functions, Techniques, and Procedures in the Command, Control, and Communications (C3) of a Combat Electronic Warfare Intelligence Battalion |
14 MAY 90 |
|
| Authors:
ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| Combat Electronic Warfare Intelligence (CEWI) Battalions have only been in the Army force structure for about 10 years. Initial testing of the CEWI concept occurred in the mid 70s and activation of CEWI units occurred in the late 70s and early 80s. Most of the CEWI battalions that have been formed over the last decade have just now (1988-1990) been fielded with objective intelligence and electronic warfare systems. As a ... |
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| High Temperature Superconductivity Applications for Electronic Warfare and Microwave Systems |
MAY 90 |
|
| Authors:
Paul A. Ryan; WRIGHT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| The discovery in 1987 of high temperature superconductivity (HTSC) in ceramic oxide compounds has given the Electronic Warfare and Microwave community another technology to help reach some of their most demanding goals. The near term applications will be in passive microwave components, providing reduced insertion loss, smaller circuit and device size, and higher quality factor circuitry with less heat dissipation. Other applications are farther away and may not have even ... |
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| Electronic Warfare Technology - Trends and Visions |
MAY 90 |
|
| Authors:
Kenneth Helberg; Tony White; Kevin Geiger; Joseph Koesters; David Wilkes; WRIGHT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| The design, development of effective and affordable electronic warfare systems has become a difficult challenge which requires full exploitation of the most advanced technology. Recent history has demonstrated that cost, effectiveness and reliability factors have almost driven on-board self-protection ECM systems to the edge of operational viability. The future must include aggressive and innovative use of new technology to produce penetration aids that are operationally useful and supportable. In the ... |
|
| Off-Board Expendables: An Aid to Aircraft Survivability |
MAY 90 |
74 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey N. Knieriemen; AIR WAR COLL MAXWELL AFB AL
|
| During World War II, off-board expendables in the form of chaff, significantly reduced Allied bomber losses to radar guided anti-aircraft artillery. From World War II on, the United States has employed Electronic Counter-Measure (ECM) techniques on various bomber, fighter, cargo and special mission aircraft to enhance their survivability. The primary threats to aircraft today are the highly sophisticated radar and infrared guided air-to-air and surface-to-air missiles. Advances in computer hardware ... |
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| Jamming Performance of Frequency-Hopped Communication Systems with Nonuniform Hopping Distributions |
25 APR 90 |
|
| Authors:
Patrick R. Hirschler-Marchand; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH LEXINGTON LINCOLN LAB
|
| This report presents an analysis of the jamming performance of frequency-hopped communication systems in which the user-signal hops according to a nonuniform distribution across the available hopping bandwidth. Keywords: Jamming performance, Nonuniform frequency hopping, Continuous and discrete, Frequency hopping, Satellite communication system, Frequency distributions, Countermeasures. (jg) |
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| Dynamic Jamming of Networks |
31 MAR 90 |
|
| Authors:
Andreas Polydoros; Gaylord K. Huth; Unjeng Cheng; AXIOMATIX LOS ANGELES CA
|
| The problem addressed in this report is the intelligent, topology- selective jamming of spread-spectrum networks. The key goal has been to develop analytical and simulation tools which quantify the effect of jamming strategies upon the network operation, both at the link-access and the end-to-end layer. The purpose of these tools (called herein 'the AJ network analyzer') is to help study the tradeoffs between the jammers' strategies and choices, versus the ... |
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| Defense Industrial Security. Special Security Agreements Permit Foreign- Owned U.S. Firms to Perform Classified Defense Contracts |
21 MAR 90 |
|
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC NATIONAL SECURITY AND INTERNATIONAL A FFAIRS DIV
|
|
| Extremely High Frequency (EHF) Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) communication Applications |
MAR 90 |
|
| Authors:
Robert W. Belcher; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| A Commander-in-Chief U.S. Pacific Fleet letter to the Chief of Naval Operations, dated September 12, 1989, contains a Command and Control Studies and Analysis Program (C2STAP) proposal for EHF line-of-sight communications. The purpose of this thesis is to address several of the issues raised by the C2STAP proposal by providing: an analysis of the inherent advantages and disadvantages of communications in the EHF spectrum, an analysis of the current and ... |
|
| Application of High-Temperature Superconducting Thin-Film Devices to Electro-Optical and Electronic Warfare Systems |
FEB 90 |
|
| Authors:
B. G. Boone; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV LAUREL MD APPLIED PHYSICS LAB
|
| This report gives an assessment of the impact of high-temperature superconductivity on applications in electro-optical and electronic warfare. Prior art in low-temperature superconductivity provides many examples of potential applications. It is essential that the feasibility of developing and using specific high-temperature superconducting devices, such as radiation detectors and passive microwave components, be determined before significant systems investment occurs. Research and development activities at The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory ... |
|
| Neural Network Recognition and Classification of Aerosol Particle Size Distributions |
JAN 90 |
|
| Authors:
Eugene Yee; Jim Ho; DEFENCE RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT SUFFIELD RALSTON (ALBERTA)
|
| This paper describes the application of a neural computational network model to the pattern recognition and classification of aerodynamic particle size distributions associated with a number of environmental, bacterial, and artificial aerosols. The aerodynamic particle size distributions are measured in real-time with high resolution using a two-spot He-Ne laser velocimeter. The technique employed here for the recognition and classification of aerosols of unknown origin is based on a three-layered neural ... |
|
| Volume III. Systems Phase, Chapter 6A: Electronic Warfare/Radar Handbook |
JAN 90 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
AIR FORCE TEST PILOT SCHOOL EDWARDS AFB CA
|
| Contents Rules of Thumb, Estimates Conversion Factors Electronic Equipment Designations Frequency Designation Chart ECM Frequency Bands & Channel Codes Receiver Comparisons System Antenna Selection Criteria Antenna Scan Characteristics Symbols, Terms, Abbreviations ECM Techniques Glossary Fundamental Jamming Relationships Free Space Transmission Loss Plane Earth Transmission Loss Minimum Effective Antenna Height Propagation Loss, Detection Range Atmospheric Fading Chaff Analysis |
|
| Counter Deception |
01 DEC 89 |
|
| Authors:
Gregory J. Courand; ADVANCED DECISION SYSTEMS MOUNTAIN VIEW CA
|
| This report describes research on the problem of providing counter- deception support for expert systems. An expert system is deceived only if its product (e.g., a situation assessment) contains errors that derive from intentional actions of the enemy to mislead the system and which give the enemy an advantage. The possibility of deceiving these systems constitutes a serious threat to national security, particularly as more and more expert systems are ... |
|
| Simulation of Electronic Warfare Receivers |
DEC 89 |
|
| Authors:
Stephen A. Stoops; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| The purpose of this effort was to verify the performance of two types of radiometer receivers: the wideband radiometer and the filter bank combiner (FBC) radiometer. The evaluation was performed using a Monte Carlo computer simulation against spread-spectrum transmissions. First, computer simulation techniques and radiometer theory were reviewed, then the radiometers were modelled and simulated using the Block Oriented Systems Simulator (BOSS). A radiometer is an energy detection device used ... |
|
| Event-Train Restoration Via Backpropagation Neural Networks |
DEC 89 |
|
| Authors:
Peter G. Raeth; WRIGHT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH AVIONICS LAB
|
| This project is investigating backpropagation neural networks for specific applications in passive electronic warfare involving restoration of deinterleaved event trains to their original broadcast form. This is different from traditional bit-error detection/correction which relies on a prior knowledge of what the original bit stream looked liked. In electronic warfare it is unlikely that such prior knowledge will be available. Results of this research can be applied to 3 major problem ... |
|
| Electronic Countermeasures (ECM) and Acoustic Countermeasures Supported Protection for Merchant Ships against SSM/ASM Missiles and Mines |
DEC 89 |
|
| Authors:
Bo L. Wallander; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The necessity for merchant ship self protection has become more and more obvious during recent years. This thesis will investigate the threat (missiles and mines) and associated counter-measures that might be installed to provide a reasonable degree of protection. The results indicate that it is possible to get protection against a sea-skimming missile with a combination of ECM and ESM deployed aboard the ship. For protection against the mine threat, ... |
|
| Performance Analysis of Hybrid ARQ Protocols in a Slotted Direct- Sequence Code-Division Multiple-Access Network: Jamming Analysis |
18 NOV 89 |
|
| Authors:
Joseph M. Hanratty; ARMY INST FOR RESEARCH IN MANAGEMENT INFORMATION AND COMPUTER SCIENCES ATLANTA GA
|
| This paper examines the performance of Type 1 Hybrid ARQ protocols in a slotted direct-sequence code-division multiple-access network operating in a hostile jamming environment. The network consists of an arbitrary number of transceivers arranged in a paired-off topology. The traffic arrival process is derived by means of a Markov model. Through-put delay expressions are derived in terms of the channel cutoff rate and capacity. The effects of jammer state information ... |
|
| Color Matching Spanning the Visible and Near-Infrared: Use of the Cubic Spline Function in Interpolation |
NOV 89 |
|
| Authors:
R. A. Prosser; G. Arruda; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER MA
|
| The colorimetric and spectrophotometric procedures for color matching are compared, and the advantages of each discussed. It is shown that the spectrophotometric procedure can provide a good spectral match across the visible and near infrared. An empirical investigation showed that the Saunderson correction is useful for color matching on textiles, and that the Kubelka-Munk equation appears to be accurate within our current experimental error. (RRH) |
|
| A Model Integration Approach to Electronic Combat Effectiveness Evaluation |
OCT 89 |
|
| Authors:
Alex F. Sisti; ROME AIR DEVELOPMENT CENTER GRIFFISS AFB NY
|
| This report addresses the problems inherent in the modeling of large- scale and complex software systems in general, and specifically, how these problems have affected simulation systems designed to evaluate Electronic Combat Effectiveness in a combat scenario. Conceptual improvements and potential solutions are offered, leading to an in-depth discussion on a variety of disparate, yet related subject areas. An implementation of the Electronic Combat Effectiveness System is presented, based on ... |
|
| Coordination and Synchronization of Loran-C and GPS to Universal Coordinated Time |
OCT 89 |
|
| Authors:
D. H. Amos; J. D. Catlin; W. B. Mohin; R. W. Heldt; R. B. Goddard; SYNETICS CORP WAKEFIELD MA
|
| Public Law 100-223, the Airport and Airway Safety and Capacity Act of 1987, requires an analysis and report to Congress on the impact to current users of synchronizing loran-C secondary stations to within 100 nanoseconds (ns) of Universal Coordinated Time (UTC), and the methods and impact of coordinating the time references of the loran-C and GPS systems to within 30 ns of each other. This report provides the analysis required ... |
|
| Guide to Camouflage for Developers. Volume 2 |
SEP 89 |
|
| Authors:
William Schilling; Donald Farrar; Robert Carpenter; Stanley Johnson; Champlin Buck; WACKENHUT ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY CORP FAIRFAX VA
|
| The purpose of this Appendix is to set forth important aspects of the role of camouflage with respect to its use in enhancing the survivability and effectiveness of systems on the battlefield. The discussion includes theories affecting camouflage design, considerations for visual acquisition, measures of effectiveness (MOE) for camouflage, factors involved in differential MOE of camouflage, and concludes with target acquisition considerations. Keywords: Radar countermeasures; Infrared countermeasures; Visual camouflage; Electrooptical ... |
|
| Naval Airborne ESM Systems Analysis |
SEP 89 |
|
| Authors:
Oswaldo R. Rosero; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate naval airborne tactical Electronic Support Measures systems based on particular operational requirements of the Ecuadorian Navy. The analysis is based upon the formulation of a time dependent Probability of Intercept as a measure of effectiveness. The model includes common parameters involved in the Electronic Support Measures process and relates them with various Electronic Warfare receiver techniques available. This thesis recommends the best ... |
|
| A Simulation of a Combined Active and Electronic Warfare System for the Defense of a Naval Ship Against Multiple Low-Altitude Missiles Threat |
SEP 89 |
97 pages |
| Authors:
Hua K. Chia; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| A computer simulation model was developed (interactive Simulation of System Performance, or ISSP) simulating the integrated performance of hard-kill (surface-to-air missile, and close-in weapon system) and soft-kill (defensive jammer, or ECM, and chaff) systems in the defense of a single naval ship against attack threat by four anti-ship missiles. The quantitative contribution of each system to ship survivability is evaluated. The hard-kill and soft-kill weapon systems are the focus of ... |
|
| Computer-Aided Mathematical Analysis of Probability of Intercept for Ground-Based Communication Intercept System |
SEP 89 |
|
| Authors:
Sang C. Park; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| We develop a mathematical analysis model to calculate the probability of intercept (POI) for the ground-based communication intercept (COMINT) system. The POI is a measure of the effectiveness of the intercept system. We define the POI as the product of the probability of detection and the probability of coincidence. The probability of detection is a measure of the receiver's capability to detect a signal in the presence of noise. The ... |
|
| Measured Effects of Repeater Jamming on Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum Receivers That Use Envelope Detectors |
SEP 89 |
|
| Authors:
Paul Evans; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The effects of repeater jamming on a direct sequence spread spectrum communications system that uses an envelope detector were experimentally determined. A friendly signal transmitter, jamming signal transmitter, noiseless channel, and receiver were designed, built and tested. The spreading sequences of the friendly and jamming transmitters modulated a carrier to create an on-off keyed (OOK) signal. The OOK signal from the jammers was delayed and added to the friendly signal. ... |
|
| Precision Guided Weapons Countermeasures Test and Evaluation Directorate |
02 AUG 89 |
|
| Authors:
OFFICE OF THE UNDER SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (ACQUISITION) WASHINGTON DC
|
|
Countermeasures
