| Potential Natural Vegetation of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley: Bayou Meto Basin, Arkansas, Field Atlas |
Sep 2012 |
91 pages |
| Authors:
Charles Klimas; Thomas Foti; Jody Pagan; Malcolm Williamson; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
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 | Over the past three decades, extensive field studies of wetland plant communities have been conducted in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley. These field studies have been carried out for various purposes under the auspices of federal and state research programs or in conjunction with Corps of Engineers project planning efforts. In the process, a wetland site classification approach has evolved based on hydrology, soils, and geomorphic setting. The research data and ... |
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| Network Vulnerability Assessment of the U.S. Crude Pipeline Infrastructure |
Sep 2012 |
85 pages |
| Authors:
Michael D Larranaga; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| The potential for cascade failure of the U.S. crude oil pipeline infrastructure is analyzed using Model Based Risk Assessment software. The pipeline system that distributes crude oil to refineries across the United States has gained much media attention with President Obama's denial of a permit to complete a key portion the Keystone-XL pipeline that will carry oil from Alberta, Canada to the Cushing Oil Trading Hub (COTH) in Cushing, OK. ... |
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| Crustal and Upper Mantle Structure from Joint Inversion of Body Wave and Gravity Data |
Sep 2012 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Eric A Bergman; Charlotte Rowe; Monica Maceira; LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LAB NM
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| We present a preliminary model of the three-dimensional seismic structure of the Iran region obtained via simultaneous, joint inversion of body wave travel time and gravity observations. The body wave data set is derived from location calibration efforts and includes a large (1000 events) subset of GT5-level events. The arrival time data sets for these events include many readings of direct crustal P and S phases, as well as regional ... |
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| Edge-Selectively Functionalized Graphene-Like Platelets as a Co-curing Agent and a Nanoscale Additive to Epoxy Resin |
12 Aug 2012 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Jong-Beom Baek; ULSAN NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (KOREA SOUTH)
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| A newly developed method for the edge-selective functionalization of pristine graphite with 4-aminobenzoic acid was applied for the synthesis of 4-aminobenzoyl-functionalized graphite (AB-graphite) through a direct Friedel-Crafts acylation in a polyphosphoric acid (PPA)/phosphorous pentoxide medium (P2O5). The AB moiety at the edge of the AB-graphite played the role of a molecular wedge to exfoliate the AB-graphite into individual graphene and graphene-like platelets upon dispersion in polar solvents. These were used ... |
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| Russian Energy Policy vis-a-vis Europe: Natural Resources as a Means of Foreign Policy |
Jun 2012 |
77 pages |
| Authors:
Kostiantyn V Vagin; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF NATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS
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| The dissolution of the Soviet Union left Russia without efficient military power and with a tumbled-down defense industry, both of which are critically important to supporting its resurfaced superpower ambitions. This obstacle could be overcome by substituting military power with economic power through domination as the region's leading energy supplier. Establishment of government control over the energy sector has become a key element of Russian domestic policy, and it would ... |
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| Crust and Upper Mantle Structure from Joint Inversion of Body Wave and Gravity Data (Postprint). Annual Report 1 |
10 May 2012 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Eric A Bergman; Charlotte A Rowe; Monica Maceira; COLORADO UNIV AT BOULDER
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| We are investigating the crustal and upper mantle velocity structure of the region expressing the continental collision between the Arabian and Eurasian plates using a joint inversion of body wave arrival times and satellite gravity. The body wave data set is derived from previous and on-going work on location calibration and includes a large (1700 events) subset of events that qualify as GT590. The associated arrival time data sets for ... |
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| Correlating Near-Source Rock Damage from Single-Hole Explosions to Seismic Waves (Postprint) |
07 May 2012 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Randolph J Martin; Peter J Boyd; Anastasia F Stroujkova; Mark R Leidig; James F Lewkowicz; Jessie L Bonner; WESTON GEOPHYSICAL CORP LEXINGTON MA
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| Weston Geophysical Corporation (WGC) and New England Research, Inc. (NER) conducted the New England Damage Experiment (NEDE) in July 2008. The experiment included the detonation of chemical explosions in relatively unfractured, homogeneous Barre granite in Vermont, USA. Barre granite has been a worldwide standard for homogeneous, low fracture-density granite in commercial, monument, and industrial settings. The emplacement granite was characterized before and after the experiment using borehole cores and acoustic ... |
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| Combating Terrorism, Rebel Groups, and Armed Militias in the Face of Economic Prosperity Opportunities |
04 May 2012 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher Douglas; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
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| Kenya, Ethiopia, and South Sudan recently embarked on a $25 billion oil production project in Lamu, Kenya. Otherwise known as the Lamu-Port-South-Sudan-Ethiopia-Transport-Corridor (LAPSSET) project, it is expected to bring these nations and others throughout East Africa out of poverty and transform their socioeconomic status from economic and social despair to economic prosperity. The LAPSSET project will include a 32-berth mega port, a railway, an oil pipeline, a highway, and a ... |
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| Metal Residue Deposition from Military Pyrotechnic Devices and Field Sampling Guidance |
May 2012 |
127 pages |
| Authors:
Jay L Clausen; Julie Richardson; Nic Korte; Nancy Perron; Susan Taylor; Anthony Bednar; Andrew Bray; Patricia Tuminello; William Jones; Shawna Tazik; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
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| Pyrotechnic devices used at military installations as part of routine training activities contain metals such as aluminum, antimony, barium, boron, cerium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, potassium, sodium, strontium, titanium, tungsten, zirconium, and zinc. The US Army's Military Munitions Response Program (MMRP) is responsible for determining whether this use of pyrotechnic devices resulted in an environmental impact because of exceedance of acceptable risk standards. This study examined the metals ... |
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| 3D Modeling of Iran and Surrounding Areas from Simultaneous Inversion of Multiple Geophysical Datasets (Postprint). Annual Report 3 |
22 Mar 2012 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Charles J Ammon; Monica Maceira; Michael Cleveland; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV STATE COLLEGE
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| The objective of this work is to help improve seismic monitoring technology through the development and application of advanced multivariate inversion techniques to generate realistic, comprehensive, and high-resolution 3D models of the seismic structure of the crust and upper mantle that satisfy independent geophysical datasets. The focus is on the region surrounding Iran from the east coast of the Mediterranean in the west, to Pakistan in the east, a region ... |
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| LITHO1.0: An Updated Crust and Lithosphere Model of the Earth (Postprint) |
22 Mar 2012 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
T G Masters; Zhitu Ma; Gabi Laske; Michael E Pasyanos; CALIFORNIA UNIV SAN DIEGO LA JOLLA
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| The compilation of extremely large global datasets of group velocity for Rayleigh and Love waves from 10mHz to 40mHz have completed using a cluster analysis technique. The method has been extended to measure phase velocity to complement the group velocity with global data sets of longer period phase data that help to constrain deep lithosphere properties. To model these data, a starting model for the crust at a nominal resolution ... |
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| Evidence from Central Mexico Supporting the Younger Dryas Extraterrestrial Impact Hypothesis |
05 Mar 2012 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Isabel Israde-Alcantara; James L Bischoff; Gabriela Dominguez-Vazquez; Hong-Chun Li; Paul C DeCarli; Ted E Bunch; James H Wittke; James C Weaver; Richard B Firestone; Allen West; OREGON UNIV EUGENE
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| We report the discovery in Lake Cuitzeo in central Mexico of a black, carbon-rich, lacustrine layer, containing nanodiamonds, microspherules, and other unusual materials that date to the early Younger Dryas and are interpreted to result from an extraterrestrial impact. These proxies were found in a 27-m-long core as part of an interdisciplinary effort to extract a paleoclimate record back through the previous interglacial. Our attention focused early on an anomalous, ... |
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| Land And Forest Area Changes In The Vicinity Of The Mississippi River Gulf Outlet, Central Wetlands Region, 1935-2010 |
Mar 2012 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Christina L Saltus; Glenn M Suir; John A Barras; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
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| As part of the overall Mississippi River Gulf Outlet (MRGO) Ecosystem Restoration Study, the Central Wetlands Unit (CWU) is a critical coastal restoration project proposed to mitigate the effects of the MRGO dredging and dredged material placement in southeastern coastal Louisiana. An in-depth knowledge of recent and historical coastal landscape history is a key knowledge element required by project managers to make informed decisions for implementing the overall CWU restoration ... |
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| Defining Soil Materials for 3-D Models of the Near Surface: Preliminary Findings |
Mar 2012 |
57 pages |
| Authors:
Carla Roig-Silva; Benjamin D Haugen; Lillian D Wakeley; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS GEOTECHNICAL AND STRUCTURES LAB
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| In support of three-dimensional modeling of soils in the near surface, a method was developed to define soil material types quantitatively using statistical comparisons of properties expected to impact sensor performance. To maintain technical continuity with other soils research and ensure relevance to soils engineering, many of the parameters chosen for statistical comparisons included conventional properties familiar to geotechnical researchers. Other, more sensor-specific soil properties, such as effective saturation and ... |
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| Identifying Military Impacts on Archaeological Deposits Based on Differences in Soil Organic Carbon and Chemical Elements at Soil Horizon Interfaces |
Mar 2012 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
Dick L Gebhart; H A Torbert; Michael Hargrave; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER CHAMPAIGN IL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB
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| Military training is often assumed to negatively impact archaeological resources, but methodologies to estimate or infer damage to these resources are expensive and time consuming. Cultural resources managers require a technique allowing them to estimate past and current impacts of training on archaeological site condition and determine if the site is capable of supporting future training activities. The technical objectives of this research were (1) to demonstrate that naturally occurring ... |
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| Demonstration of Advanced Geophysics and Classification Technologies on Munitions Response Sites, Pole Mountain Target and Maneuver Area, Wyoming |
Mar 2012 |
68 pages |
| Authors:
Victoria Kantsios; Brian Helmlinger; Darrell Hall; Tom King; URS CORP ARLINGTON VA
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| This document serves as the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) Demonstration Report for the Demonstration of Advanced Geophysics and Classification Technologies on the Bisbee Hill Maneuver Area Munitions Response Site (MRS). This MRS is located within the former Pole Mountain Target and Maneuver Area (PMTMA) Munitions Response Area, located in the Medicine Bowl National Forest, Wyoming. This project is one in a series of projects funded by ESTCP to ... |
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| ASW Reach-Back Cell Oceanography Analysis System (ARCOAS) Version 3 User's Guide |
24 Feb 2012 |
71 pages |
| Authors:
James Dykes; Phillip Fanguy; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS DETACHMENT STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
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| ARCOAS consists of customizations of ESRI's ArcMAP that make ArcMAP easier to use by the operational forecaster and oceanographer in the military support setting. This user manual gives setup instructions and describes functionality of each of the tools distributed with ARCOAS. The set of tools included in ARCOAS as well as the ArcGIS platform (ArcMAP) on which it runs assists the oceanographer forecasters at NAVOCEANO in analyzing geophysical data as ... |
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| Influences On The Oceanic Biogeochemical Cycling Of The Hybrid-Type Metals: Cobalt, Iron, And Manganese |
Feb 2012 |
300 pages |
| Authors:
Abigail E Noble; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE JOINT PROGRAM IN APPLIED OCEAN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
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| Trace metal cycling is one of many processes that influence ocean ecosystem dynamics. Cobalt, iron, and manganese are redox active trace metal micronutrients with oceanic distributions that are influenced by both biological and abiotic sources and sinks. Their open ocean concentrations range from picomolar to nanomolar, and their bioavailabilities can impact primary production. Understanding the biogeochemical cycling of these hybrid-type metals with an emphasis on cobalt was the focus of ... |
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| The Geology of Yemen: An Annotated Bibliography of Yemen's Geology, Geography and Earth Science |
Jan 2012 |
386 pages |
| Authors:
Robert L Hadden; CORPS OF ENGINEERS ALEXANDRIA VA
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| A bibliography on Yemen prepared by the Army Geospatial Center (AGC) to assist the US government in understanding the geological and hydrological problems of this country, by identifying citations on geography, topography, transportation, water, medical concerns, and security. |
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| A DDDAS Framework for Volcanic Ash Propagation and Hazard Analysis |
Jan 2012 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
A Patra; M Bursik; J Dehn; M Jones; M Pavolonis; E B Pitman; T Singh; P Singla; P Webley; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO DEPT OF MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
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| In this paper we will present early work on using a DDDAS based approach to the construction of probabilistic estimates of volcanic ash transport and dispersal. Our primary modeling tools will be a combination of a plume eruption model BENT and the ash transport model PUFF. Data from satellite imagery, observation of vent parameters and windfields will drive our simulations. We will use uncertainty quantification methodology ? polynomial chaos quadrature ... |
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| Deceleration of Projectiles in Sand |
Jan 2012 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Stephan Bless; William Cooper; Keiko Watanabe; Robert Peden; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EGLIN AFB FL
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| Penetration of projectiles was measured for hemispherical and conical nose shapes penetrating granular media. Targets were beds of Ottawa sand and Eglin sand. Projectiles were rigid metals. Experimental parameters that were varied included velocity (from 300 to 600 m/s), nose shape, sand density, and scale (from 5 mm to 20 mm). Strong evidence for scale effects is found: 5 mm diameter projectiles are less effective penetrators than 12.5, 15, or ... |
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| Establishing and Validating Empirically-Based Ground Truth Criteria for Seismic Events Recorded on Regional Networks (Postprint) |
30 Dec 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Richard A Brazier; Karen B Boomer; Andrew Nyblade; John P O'Donnell; Steven Myers; Jennifer Kokoska; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV STATE COLLEGE
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| New empirically-based ground truth (EBGT) local criteria have been developed for a variety of geologic settings for which data sets containing GT0 events (explosions and mine tremors) are available, local crustal structure is well known, and hand-picked arrival times have been obtained. There are now criteria for the Main Ethiopian Rift and preliminary criteria for the Tibetan Plateau. In the geologically very complex region of the Main Ethiopian Rift, the ... |
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| Impact of the Peaking of World Oil Production on the Global Balance of Power |
16 Dec 2011 |
91 pages |
| Authors:
Pascal Eggen; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
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| This thesis explores how the peaking of world oil production influences the global balance of power. On the one hand, the geological phenomenon of peaking, modeled by Hubbert's peak curve, gives the timeframe and the evolution of oil depletion. On the other hand, the impact of energy resources on economic and global balance is perceived differently in world politics. Idealism, realism, and offensive realism lead to different societal behaviors. In ... |
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| The Impact of Sino-Indian Energy Security Ambitions on Burma's Domestic and Foreign Politics |
Dec 2011 |
75 pages |
| Authors:
Dimitri Randall; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF NATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS
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| The rivalry between China and India poses significant challenges for the regional security of Southeast Asia, and particularly for the security of Burma. Within the context of their rivalry, China and India compete over oil and gas resources in Burma. They seek not only to establish energy security for their own countries, but to reaffirm an economic and political presence in the region. This thesis will explore the impact of ... |
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| Climate Change, Fuels, and Wildfire |
29 Nov 2011 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony L Westerling; CALIFORNIA UNIV MERCED CA
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| Climate affects both fuel availability and flammability on multiple time scales, and the relative importance of availability versus flammability as limiting drivers of wildfire activity varies across ecosystem types. Climatic controls on fuel flammability during the peak fire season dominate in dense forests with characteristically infrequent, high severity fire, while the effects of antecedent moisture on the availability of fine surface fuels may also play a role in forests with ... |
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| Cyanate Ester Graphene Oxide Composites |
29 Nov 2011 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Josiah T Reams; Andrew J Guenthner; Kevin R Lamison; Joseph M Mabry; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE SPACE AND MISSILE PROPULSION DIV/PROPULSION MATERIALS APPLICATIONS BRANCH
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| Graphene has received much attention recently as a material for improvement of polymeric nanocomposite properties due to its outstanding strength, stiffness, high thermal and electrical conductivity and gas impermeability. Recent investigations of cyanate ester resins as high temperature resin materials for space and propulsion applications have brought attention to the need for high temperature composite materials with improved stiffness, strength, hot/wet performance and high maximum use temperatures. The incorporation of ... |
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| Advanced Bonded Diamond for Optical Applications |
28 Nov 2011 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Helmuth Meissner; ONYX OPTICS INC DUBLIN CA
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| The customized CVD reactor has been successfully running for over 2 years. Some encouraging results have been achieved on it. Two important features of the reactor proved crucial, which are a motorized cooling stage and DC-biasing ability. The core component of the DC-biasing function is a ring shaped molybdenum (Moly) piece resting on a quartz cylinder. The Moly ring is electrically insulated from the stage, and can be DC biased ... |
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| Visualization and Analysis of Impact Damage in Sapphire |
Nov 2011 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Elmar Strassburger; Parimal Patel; James W McCauley; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
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| This report reviews work carried out with the fully instrumented Edge-on Impact (EOI) facility at the Ernst-Mach-Institute (EMI), using a Cranz-Schardin high speed camera, modified for dynamic photoelasticity, to quantify stress wave propagation, damage nucleation and propagation during high velocity impacts. The experimental technique has been used to examine monolithic single crystal sapphire plates (100 mm x 100 mm x 10 mm) in crystallographically controlled directions impacted at about 400 ... |
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| The Transformation of Oil; the Future of Pemex |
28 Oct 2011 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
III Law Robert A; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
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| Recent United States news headlines regarding scandalous clean energy initiatives and moratoriums on deep water drilling in U.S. waters in the Gulf of Mexico have highlighted America's continuing dependence on foreign oil for roughly half our daily needs. Today, Mexico is a net oil exporting nation and is the third largest exporter of crude oil to the United States. But with their current reserves dwindling, Mexico runs the risk of ... |
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| The Mexican Oil Industry: Governance, Resource and Social Concerns |
28 Oct 2011 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen P Sloboda; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
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| Mexico was one of the world's largest oil producers in 2004. Since then, oil production has declined dramatically. There are many factors that have influenced the Mexican oil industry and its decline, both natural and man-made. This paper focuses on the key influencing factors that are under the control of the Government of Mexico, such as governance and resource investment. Primarily, the policies that regulate the Mexican oil industry are ... |
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| Reforming Mexico's Energy Sector to Enhance Stability |
27 Oct 2011 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey P Hogan; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
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| An analysis of regulatory actions that will enhance stability in Mexico requires a framework to determine the relationship between these areas of governance and a method to isolate the industrial subsectors that pose the greatest threat. For the analysis to have any merit, it must address structural and enduring problems rather than the minor contours of a particular period or government administration. Using this approach, the Mexican oil industry emerges ... |
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| Running on Fumes: A Critical Look at Mexico's Natural Gas Transportation and Distribution Infrastructure |
27 Oct 2011 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Sean D Kearns; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
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| Since the advent of neo-liberalism in Mexico nearly 30 years ago, the country has seen sustained economic growth, particularly in the service and industrial export sectors. There is potential for this growth to continue and for Mexico to become one of the 10 largest economies on the globe, but for this to happen there will need to be reliable and widespread access to energy. Natural gas is rapidly becoming the ... |
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| Explosives Dissolved from Unexploded Ordnance |
Oct 2011 |
104 pages |
| Authors:
Susan Taylor; Susan Bigl; Carrie Vuyovich; Jeanne Roningen; Anna Wagner; Nancy Perron; Steven Daly; Marianne Walsh; James Hug; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
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| For this work we: 1) sampled soil below unexploded ordnance (UXO) found in situ and noted the conditions of the rounds, 2) conducted laboratory tests to help us estimate high explosive (HE) dissolution from different sized holes in corroded rounds, and 3) used the modeling program Hydrus-1D and weather records to predict the ownward movement of the explosives into the soil. Although most of these UXO looked highly corroded, our ... |
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| Erodibility of Mud: Characterization and Prediction |
30 Sep 2011 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Patricia Wiberg; VIRGINIA UNIV CHARLOTTESVILLE DEPT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
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| To improve our capabilities for measuring and predicting erosion rates, sediment flux, water clarity and bed strength in muddy coastal environments, particularly with respect to their evolution through time on tidal flats. The objectives of my work within the Tidal Flats DRI are: 1. Measure temporal variations in erodibility and shear strength of tidal flat and channel sediment in Willapa Bay. 2. Measure temporal variation in consolidation and erodibility of ... |
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| Mechanics of Granular Materials: Experimentation and Simulations for Determining the Compressive and Shear Behaviors of Sand at Granular and Meso Scales |
30 Sep 2011 |
83 pages |
| Authors:
Ranga Komanduri; Hongbing Lu; Vijay Subramanian; Huiyang Luo; Fang Wang; William L Cooper; OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV STILLWATER SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
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| We present the results of experiments conducted to study the compressive and shear behavior of sand. Static and dynamic studies on the compression of sand grains were conducted. Nanoindentation was performed on single grains on sand of different sizes in order to determine the elastic and fracture properties of individual sand grains. Finite Element method (FEM) was used to solve the inverse problem so as to obtain the material properties ... |
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| Geothermal Energy Development Project at Naval Air Station Fallon, Nevada, Did Not Meet Recovery Act Requirements |
19 Sep 2011 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
INSPECTOR GENERAL DEPT OF DEFENSE ARLINGTON VA
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| Our overall objective was to evaluate DoD s implementation of Public Law 111-5, American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, (Recovery Act), February 17, 2009. Specifically, we determined whether personnel at the Geothermal Program Office (GPO), Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC), and Naval Air Systems Command appropriately used Recovery Act funds to adequately plan, fund, and initially execute Project RM-09-1441, Geothermal Energy Development (Geothermal project) at Naval Air Station (NAS) ... |
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| Regional Guidebook for Applying the Hydrogeomorphic Approach to Assessing the Functions of Headwater Slope Wetlands on the South Carolina Coastal Plain |
Sep 2011 |
129 pages |
| Authors:
Chris V Noble; Elizabeth O Murray; Charles V Klimas; William Ainslie; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
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| The Hydrogeomorphic (HGM) Approach is a system for developing functional indices to assess a wetland s capacity to perform functions similar to those of comparable wetlands in a region. The approach was initially designed to be used in the context of the Clean Water Act Section 404 Regulatory Program permit review sequence. This Regional Guidebook (a) characterizes the Headwater Slope wetlands on the South Carolina Coastal Plain, (b) describes and ... |
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| A Regional Guidebook for Applying the Hydrogeomorphic Approach to Assessing Functions of Forested Wetlands in the Delta Region of Arkansas, Lower Mississippi River Alluvial Valley, Version 2.0 |
Sep 2011 |
224 pages |
| Authors:
Charles V Klimas; Elizabeth O Murray; Jody Pagan; Henry Langston; Thomas Foti; ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS VICKSBURG MS ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER
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| The Hydrogeomorphic (HGM) Approach is a method for developing and applying indices for the site-specific assessment of wetland functions. The HGM Approach was initially designed to be used in the context of the Clean Water Act Section 404 Regulatory Program permit review process to analyze project alternatives, minimize impacts, assess unavoidable impacts, determine mitigation requirements, and monitor the success of compensatory mitigation. However, a variety of other potential uses have ... |
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| Political Subculture: A Resilience Modifier |
Sep 2011 |
77 pages |
| Authors:
Gordon S Hunter; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF NATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS
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| With the number and severity of disasters seemingly on the rise, there is an increased call for enhancing resilience to mitigate the post-event costs. Resilience is widely known to revolve around the demography, geography, sociology, and economy of the area under study. What is not known is what other factors have multiplicative effects on the overall resilience of communities. One potential factor in this equation is political subculture, Dr. Daniel ... |
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| Developing Regionalized Models of Lithospheric Thickness and Velocity Structure Across Eurasia and the Middle East from Jointly Inverting P-Wave and S-Wave Receiver Functions with Rayleigh Wave Group and Phase Velocities |
Sep 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Jordi Julia; Eric Matzel; Andrew A Nyblade; Arthur J Rodgers; PENN STATE RESEARCH FOUNDATION UNIVERSITY PARK PA
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| The main goal of this project is to develop models of lithospheric velocity structure for Eurasia and the Middle East in order to improve capabilities within National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) labs to accurately predict travel times for local and regional phases, as well as travel-times for body waves at upper-mantle triplication distances. Velocity models of the lithosphere are key for accurately modeling not only travel times but also surface-wave ... |
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| Advanced Multivariate Inversion Techniques for High Resolution 3D Geophysical Modeling |
Sep 2011 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Monica Maceira; Haijiang Zhang; Carene Larmat; Charlotte A Rowe; Michael L Begnaud; LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LAB NM
|
| To meet the United States Government nuclear explosion monitoring requirements with high confidence, the Air Force Technical Applications Center needs new and improved capabilities for analyzing regional seismic teleseismic, and infrasound event data. Recently, the National Nuclear Security Administration has decided to move toward 3D modeling to improve knowledge of the compressional and shear velocity structure and enable us to reduce uncertainty and more accurately detect, locate, and identify small ... |
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| Source Physics Experiment: Research in Support of Verification and Nonproliferation |
Sep 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Wendee M Brunish; Christopher R Bradley; Esteban Rougier; Howard J Patton; David Coblentz; David W Steedman; Aviva J Sussman; Earl E Knight; LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LAB NM
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| The Source Physics Experiment (SPE-N) was designed to provide a carefully controlled seismic and strong motion data set from buried explosions at the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS). The first experiment in a series (SPE1) was conducted in May of this year. It consisted of a 100 kg high explosive stemmed for coupling at 180 feet below the surface. In preparation for this experiment, predictive hydrodynamic calculations were performed, strong ... |
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| Seismic and Geophysical Characterization of Northern Asia |
Sep 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin G Mackey; Hans E Hartse; Kazuya Fujita; Michael E Pasyanos; Michael L Begnaud; MICHIGAN STATE UNIV EAST LANSING
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| We are continuing our research effort to improve the seismic calibration of northern Asia. In conjunction with colleagues from the Geophysical Survey of Russia, we conducted a noise survey and station installation in the Amur region, south of the city of Blagoveschensk. For the noise study, four locations, each separated by about one kilometer, were surveyed. The general region was found to be rather noisy, with higher frequencies (1-20 Hz) ... |
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| Calculating Path-Dependent Travel Time Prediction Variance and Covariance for a Global Tomographic P-Velocity Model |
Sep 2011 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Jim R Hipp; Andre V Encarnacao; Chris J Young; Sandy Ballard; Marcus C Chang; W S Phillips; Mike L Begnaud; LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LAB NM
|
| Several studies have shown that global 3D models of the compression wave speed in the Earth's mantle can provide superior first P travel time predictions at both regional and teleseismic distances. However, given the variable data quality and uneven data sampling associated with this type of model, it is essential that there be a means to calculate high-quality estimates of the path-dependent variance and covariance associated with the predicted travel ... |
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| Extending Regional Seismic Travel Time (RSTT) Tomography to New Regions |
Sep 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen C Myers; Michael L Begnaud; Sanford Ballard; W S Phillips; Michael E Pasyanos; LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LAB CA
|
| Lowering the global seismic detection threshold can be accomplished by introducing data recorded at regional distances (2000 km from the event) into global monitoring systems. Unfortunately, introduction of regional data degrades average epicenter accuracy compared to locations constrained solely by data recorded at greater distances. Location accuracy degrades because regional seismic travel time (RSTT) prediction error is generally greater than prediction error for waves that travel to greater distances. In ... |
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| Seismic Attenuation, Event Discrimination, Magnitude and Yield Estimation, and Capability Analysis |
Sep 2011 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Michael E Pasyanos; William R Walter; Eric M Matzel; Rengin Gok; Douglas A Dodge; Sean R Ford; Arthur J Rodgers; LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LAB CA
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| We present the latest results on Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's calibration efforts for seismic attenuation of regional body and surface waves that have application to many different areas of nuclear explosion monitoring. We have developed methods that use amplitude measurements of the direct regional phases (Pn, Pg, Sn Lg) to determine the attenuation structure of the lithosphere in Eurasia. The amplitudes are inverted simultaneously for attenuation parameters (Qp, Qs) of ... |
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| The Energy and Security Nexus: A Strategic Dilemma |
15 Jul 2011 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Carolyn Pumphrey; ARMY WAR COLL STRATEGIC STUDIES INST CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
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| On March 3-4, 2011, the Triangle Institute for Security Studies, North Carolina State University, and the Strategic Studies Institute held a colloquium at the McKimmon Center in Raleigh. The colloquium, entitled The Energy and Security Nexus: A Strategic Dilemma, was attended by 128 persons from Federal and state government, academia, think tanks, and a wide variety of local organizations and businesses working on energy issues. The goal of this conference ... |
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| Russia in the Arctic |
JUL 2011 |
154 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen J. Blank; ARMY WAR COLL STRATEGIC STUDIES INST CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
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| This volume on the Arctic is the last volume in the set of five based on the Strategic Studies Institute (SSI)-U.S. State Department conference on Russia held in January 2010. The Arctic's importance to the United States and to the international community has grown by virtue of its enormous energy holdings and the prospect of increased year-round navigation due to climate change. Given its proximity to Russia and that country's ... |
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| Examination and Manipulation of Clay Aggregates - Initial Inquiry |
06 JUN 2011 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Andrei Abelev; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE PHYSICS BRANCH
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| This report discusses an initial experimental effort and the first conclusions in the examination and testing of clay aggregates composed of montmorillonite clay and a polysaccharide (xanthan gum, also called X-gum) in water of variable salinity undertaken at the Oakland University biolab in collaboration with K. Lesich. |
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| European Energy Security and Nord Stream: A Case Study of the Nord Stream Pipeline, Its Opportunities and Risks for Europe, and Its Impact on European Energy Security |
JUN 2011 |
131 pages |
| Authors:
Ulf Balzer; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF NATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS
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| This thesis focuses on the implementation of energy security in Europe through the Nord Stream pipeline, and the controversy surrounding it. Nord Stream has been, and still is, highly debated across Europe because of the enormous opportunity it will give Europe -- access to the largest known reserves of gas worldwide -- and because of the risks involved. Nord Stream also provides Russia with an enormous opportunity. Russia may gain ... |
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GEOLOGY
